CN104801003A - Pesticide residue decomposer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pesticide residue decomposing agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-10 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 0.1-10 parts of biogas residue, 0.1-10 parts of deep seawater, and 0.1 parts of activated carbon ～10 parts, 1～18 parts of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water. The pesticide residue decomposing agent has a simple preparation process, is rich in various beneficial microorganisms, active enzymes, and natural nutrients, and can effectively degrade the residues of harmful substances such as pesticides on the surface of fruits and vegetables and in the soil, improve the soil, promote crop growth, increase crop yield, and improve product quality. quality.

Description

A pesticide residue decomposing agent and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizers, and in particular relates to a pesticide residue decomposer and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's economy and society, soil pollution in my country has become increasingly serious. According to statistics, at least 13 million hm ² to 16 million hm ² of cultivated land in the country are polluted by pesticides. Every year, various agricultural economic losses caused by soil pollution add up to about 20 billion yuan. At present, the amount of pesticides used in my country has reached 1.3 million tons, which is 2.5 times the world average level, but the actual utilization rate is less than 30%, and the remaining 70% have caused pollution to the soil and water environment. Pesticide residues lead to a large reduction of beneficial bacteria in the soil. Without beneficial bacteria, the applied organic fertilizer cannot be effectively decomposed and absorbed. The originally fertile soil becomes barren, the soil self-purification ability is weakened, the soil quality and land productivity are reduced, and the crops are affected. Yield and quality are harmful to human health, disrupting the sustainable development of agriculture, and even risking environmental retaliation.

At present, chemical, physical and biological methods are mainly used to control soil remediation. However, chemical leaching repairs soil based on the principle of similar compatibility, with the help of chemical/biological solvents, to dissolve pollutants, and then remove the solution containing pollutants from the soil. However, many physical methods cannot be applied due to the limitations of equipment conditions and operating techniques. Bioremediation is the process of transforming and degrading pollutants through the physiological and biochemical activities of microorganisms. Microorganisms are widely distributed in nature, with various types and diverse metabolic pathways. They can effectively decompose soil pollutants such as pesticides and fertilizer residues, and at the same time produce a variety of biological activities. Substances can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, inhibit harmful bacteria, improve the structure of soil aggregates, restore soil vitality, promote crop growth, and improve the yield and quality of agricultural products.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a pesticide residue decomposing agent, which is rich in various beneficial microorganisms, active enzymes, and natural nutrients, and can effectively degrade harmful substances such as pesticides on the surface of fruits and vegetables and in soil. Substance remains.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A pesticide residue decomposing agent, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-10 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 0.1-10 parts of biogas residue, 0.1-10 parts of deep seawater, 0.1-10 parts of activated carbon, 1-18 parts of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water.

More preferably, the pesticide residue decomposing agent includes the following components in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 6-9 parts of biogas residue, 4-7 parts of deep seawater, activated carbon 8~10 parts, 15~16 parts of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water.

More preferably, the pesticide residue decomposing agent includes the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 6 parts of biogas residue, 7 parts of deep seawater, 10 parts of activated carbon, chlorella 15 parts and 500 parts of distilled water.

The deep sea water refers to the sea water in the deep sea part below 200 meters above the sea surface.

The preparation method of described pesticide residue decomposing agent specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) Add chlorella and deep seawater to the biogas slurry, and anaerobically ferment for 30 days at a temperature of 30°C in a glass airtight container, then filter to obtain the filtrate (1);

(2) Mince the grub, homogenize the residue, dissolve it in distilled water to form a culture medium; add biogas residues to the culture medium, aerate and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 10 days, filter to obtain the filtrate (2) ;

(3) Mix the filtrate (1) and the filtrate (2), add activated carbon, and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 2 days, and the obtained fermentation liquid is the pesticide residue decomposing agent.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The pesticide residue decomposing agent of the present invention is rich in a variety of beneficial microorganisms, active enzymes, and natural nutrients, and can effectively degrade the residues of harmful substances such as pesticides on the surface of fruits and vegetables and in the soil, improve the soil, promote crop growth, increase crop yield, and improve product quality.

Detailed ways

The present invention further illustrates the present invention with following examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following examples.

Example 1

The pesticide residue decomposing agent comprises the following components by weight: 7 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 6 parts of biogas residue, 7 parts of deep seawater, 10 parts of activated carbon, 15 parts of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water.

The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) Add chlorella and deep seawater to the biogas slurry, and anaerobically ferment for 30 days at a temperature of 30°C in a glass airtight container, then filter to obtain the filtrate (1);

(2) Mince the grub, homogenize the residue, dissolve it in distilled water to form a culture medium; add biogas residues to the culture medium, aerate and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 10 days, filter to obtain the filtrate (2) ;

(3) Mix the filtrate (1) and the filtrate (2), add activated carbon, and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 2 days, and the obtained fermentation liquid is the pesticide residue decomposing agent.

Nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals etc. are detected to the obtained pesticide residue decomposing agent of embodiment 1, and detection result is:

(1) Determination of N and P

According to GB/T 17767.3-2010 Determination method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer Part 3: Total potassium content; GB/T 17767.2-2010 Determination method of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer Part 2: Total phosphorus content; NY 525- 2012 organic fertilizer, the test results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Determination results of N and P content of pesticide residue decomposing agent

(2) Detection of heavy metal components

According to GB 18877-2009 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, NY 525-2012 organic fertilizer, *DZ/T 0064-93, it is detected that the heavy metal components in the pesticide residue decomposing agent prepared by the present invention are shown in Table 2.

The measurement result of the heavy metal component of table 2 pesticide residue decomposer

Test items Test results Lead (Pb), mg/L <0.01 Cadmium (Cd), mg/L <0.001 Chromium (Cr), mg/L <0.01 Arsenic (As), mg/L <0.01 Mercury (Hg), mg/L <0.0001

(3) Toxicological evaluation results

According to GB 15193.3-2003 "Food Safety Toxicology Evaluation Program Acute Toxicity Test", the detection conclusion is that the acute toxicity test result of the sample of the present invention is LD50>19.8g/kg body weight, which is non-toxic according to the acute toxicity dose classification.

(4) Test results of microbial components

The pesticide residue decomposing agent contains beneficial microbial bacterial groups: classified according to the kingdom Bagliaria (more than 90%), archaea; classified according to the phylum WPS-2 content 87%, Verrucobacteria 6%, TM 1.2%, Proteus contains 1.1%, Tm6 contains 1%, etc.

Example 2

0.1 part of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 10 parts of biogas residue, 10 parts of deep sea water, 5 parts of activated carbon, 18 parts of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water.

The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) Add chlorella and deep seawater to the biogas slurry, and anaerobically ferment for 30 days at a temperature of 30°C in a glass airtight container, then filter to obtain the filtrate (1);

(2) Mince the grub, homogenize the residue, dissolve it in distilled water to form a culture medium; add biogas residues to the culture medium, aerate and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 10 days, filter to obtain the filtrate (2) ;

(3) Mix the filtrate (1) and the filtrate (2), add activated carbon, and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 2 days, and the obtained fermentation liquid is the pesticide residue decomposing agent.

Example 3

A pesticide residue decomposing agent, comprising the following components by weight: 10 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 0.1 part of biogas residue, 0.1 part of deep seawater, 10 parts of activated carbon, 1 part of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water share.

The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) Add chlorella and deep seawater to the biogas slurry, and anaerobically ferment for 30 days at a temperature of 30°C in a glass airtight container, then filter to obtain the filtrate (1);

(2) Mince the grub, homogenize the residue, dissolve it in distilled water to form a culture medium; add biogas residues to the culture medium, aerate and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 10 days, filter to obtain the filtrate (2) ;

(3) Mix the filtrate (1) and the filtrate (2), add activated carbon, and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 2 days, and the obtained fermentation liquid is the pesticide residue decomposing agent.

Application Example 1

The pesticide residue decomposition agent that above-mentioned embodiment is made carries out pesticide decomposition test:

(1) Test material

Pesticide to be tested: 30% acephate EC, produced by Hubei Sanonda Co., Ltd.;

Vegetables to be tested: Shanghai Qing, purchased from the vegetable market of Laoguang Village, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City;

The pesticide residue decomposing agent that embodiment 1 makes.

(2) Test method

Immerse vegetable Shanghai green in 30% acephate 300 times dilution liquid 30min, after drying, immerse respectively the pesticide residue decomposition agent of the present invention and clear water 10min, 30min and 50min, measure the acetylation in vegetable Shanghai green respectively after drying. Methamidophos residues. The content of acephate in vegetable samples was determined according to the method specified in NY/T 761-2008. The vegetable sample numbers are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Vegetable sample numbers

Sample serial number Remark CK—10 Samples treated with water for 10 minutes ZWB-10 Samples treated with pesticide residue decomposer for 10 minutes CK-30 Samples treated with water for 30 minutes ZWB-30 Samples treated with pesticide residue decomposer for 30 minutes CK-50 Samples treated with water for 50 minutes ZWB-50 Samples treated with pesticide residue decomposer for 50 minutes

(3) Test results

The assay results of acephate residues in each vegetable sample are shown in table 4:

Table 4 Acephate residues in vegetable samples

Sample serial number Acephate content (mg/kg) CK—10 15 ZWB-10 12 CK-30 13 ZWB-30 9.1 CK-50 10 ZWB-50 8.8

As shown in Table 4, after 10min, 30min and 50min of soaking treatment with the pesticide residue decomposer of the present invention, the residual amounts of acephate on the vegetable surface were respectively 12mg/kg, 9.1mg/kg and 8.8mg/kg; After soaking in water for 10min, 30min and 50min respectively, the residues of acephate on the vegetable surface were 15mg/kg, 13mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively. It can be seen that the residual amount of acephate on the vegetables soaked by the pesticide residue decomposing agent is lower than that of the vegetables soaked in clear water, indicating that after the pesticide residue decomposing agent is treated, the pesticide acephate on the vegetable surface has been obtained. Nice breakdown.

Application Example 2

The pesticide residue decomposing agent that above-mentioned embodiment is made carries out crop growth test:

Picking from April to May 2014, Jianyang City Tobacco Leaf Technology Extension Station tried the pesticide residue decomposing agent of the present invention. After comparing relevant indicators, it was found that the pesticide residue decomposing agent can effectively improve the quality of tobacco plants and improve the quality of tobacco leaves. quality.

1. Analysis of main growth periods

It can be seen from Table 5 that due to the use of the pesticide residue decomposing agent, the soil structure can be effectively improved, the early growth of tobacco plants can be promoted, and the clustering stage of the plot can be advanced; The field growth period was shortened after application of pesticide residue decomposing agent, which promoted the reasonable distribution of growth and development levels of tobacco plants.

Table 5 Performance of main growth periods (unit day/month)

deal with transplant Group tree budding topping Start mining Final mining Growth Period Pesticide Residue Decomposer 5/3 8/4 3/5 5/5 27/5 26/6 114 routine control 5/3 10/4 6/5 8/5 29/5 28/6 116

2. Comparison of main agronomic traits

See Table 6 for the indicators of agronomic traits related to the pesticide residue decomposing agent treatment and the conventional control. Since there are two samples, the Student's t test of the two groups' averages in the DPS software is used to determine whether the difference is significant according to whether the P value is greater than 0.05. It can be seen from the table that the plant height is higher than that of the control; the pitch of the pesticide residue decomposing agent is greater than that of the control. It can be seen that the application of the pesticide residue decomposing agent can promote the absorption of nutrients by the tobacco plants and make the leaves scattered. , increase the effective photosynthetic area; the stem girth shows that the pesticide residue decomposing agent treatment is lower than the control; area, promoting the development of leaf tissue structure.

Table 6 Comparative analysis of main agronomic characters

deal with Plant height (cm) Pitch (cm) Stem girth (cm) number of blades Waist leaf length (cm) Waist leaf width (cm) Waist area (cm ² ) Pesticide Residue Decomposer 101.24 5.338 9.57 17 88.74 34.88 1975.64 routine control 104.76 4.261 11.43 18 77.16 34.74 1704.15

3. Appearance quality evaluation

It can be seen from Table 7 that compared with the evaluation indicators related to the appearance quality of raw tobacco, such as maturity, leaf structure, color, identity, oil content, chroma, etc., it can be seen that the maturity of tobacco leaves treated with pesticide residue decomposition agents is better, the leaf structure is looser, and the color of tobacco leaves is better. Orange, medium to strong chroma, medium identity, good oil content. The pesticide residue decomposing agent treatment can improve the soil structure, promote the loosening of the leaf structure, meet the nutrition required for the growth and development of the tobacco leaves, and improve the quality of the tobacco leaves.

Table 7 Appearance quality evaluation of raw tobacco

4. Analysis of economic traits

It can be seen from Table 8 that in terms of yield per mu, average price, output value per mu, and proportion of high-quality tobacco, the pesticide residue decomposer treatment was higher than that of the control. It can be seen that the application of pesticide residue decomposer improved the soil structure and promoted the uniform and continuous supply of nutrients in the fertilizer to meet the Necessary for tobacco plant growth. Promote the development of tobacco leaves and improve the quality of tobacco leaves.

Table 8 Comparison of economic traits

Pesticide residue decomposing agent is a substance beneficial to crop growth. As mentioned above, the application of pesticide residue decomposing agent can effectively improve the quality of tobacco leaves.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A pesticide residue decomposer, characterized in that it comprises the following components by weight: 0.1 to 10 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 0.1 to 10 parts of biogas residue, 0.1 to 10 parts of deep seawater, 0.1-10 parts of activated carbon, 1-18 parts of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water. 2. The pesticide residue decomposing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: it comprises the following components by weight: 5-8 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 6-9 parts of biogas residue, deep seawater 4~7 parts, 8~10 parts of activated carbon, 15~16 parts of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water. 3. The pesticide residue decomposing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of grub residue homogenate, 100 parts of biogas slurry, 6 parts of biogas residue, 7 parts of deep sea water, activated carbon 10 parts, 15 parts of chlorella and 500 parts of distilled water. 4. A method for preparing the pesticide residue decomposer as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: comprising the following steps: (1) Add chlorella and deep seawater to the biogas slurry, and anaerobically ferment for 30 days at a temperature of 30°C in a glass airtight container, then filter to obtain the filtrate (1); (2) Mince the grub, homogenize the residue, dissolve it in distilled water to form a culture medium; add biogas residues to the culture medium, aerate and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 10 days, filter to obtain the filtrate (2) ; (3) Mix the filtrate (1) and the filtrate (2), add activated carbon, and ferment at a temperature of 25°C for 2 days, and the obtained fermentation liquid is the pesticide residue decomposing agent.