CN104806201B - A kind of oil driller kinetic energy based on hydraulic energy reclaims and utilized device - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydraulic energy-based recovery and utilization device for drilling kinetic energy of an oil drilling rig, including a drawworks drum of a drilling rig, which is connected to a crown block and a traveling block through a wire rope, and a hook is hung under the traveling block, and the hook is used to suspend the drilling tool through a ring and an elevator. At the shaft end of the drawworks drum of the drilling rig, a gear speed-up box is connected through a clutch, and the gear speed-up box is connected to a hydraulic pump through a coupling. The accumulators are connected to each other, and the inlet of each accumulator is equipped with a shut-off valve that can be remotely controlled independently. The header oil circuit of the accumulator is connected with multiple pressure reducing valves in parallel, which communicates with the hydraulic systems of the oil drilling rig and provides hydraulic energy for them; there is a charging pump, which is driven by an electric motor, and can be supplied to the accumulator independently through the one-way valve. Add pressure oil. There is a pressure relay on the oil circuit of the manifold of the accumulator, which is used to automatically control the start and stop of the charge pump. The hydraulic pump and charge pump share a tank.

Description

A device for recovering and utilizing kinetic energy of drilling rigs based on hydraulic energy

technical field

The invention relates to the field of petroleum exploration and development, in particular to a hydraulic energy-based recovery and utilization device for drilling kinetic energy of an oil drilling rig.

Background technique

In oil exploration and development, oil drilling rigs are used to complete drilling operations, and the depth of the well can reach thousands of meters, or even tens of thousands of meters. During the drilling process, the drilling tool is used to transfer the energy from the ground to the drill bit connected to the bottom of the drilling tool to complete the work of breaking rocks. The depth of the well depends on the length of the drilling tool. Drilling tools are usually made of high-strength steel pipes, so they have a lot of weight. The longer the drilling tool, the heavier the weight. During the drilling process, due to the needs of the drilling process, the drilling tools must be lifted and lowered frequently.

Lifting the drilling tool depends on the lifting system of the oil drilling rig. The hoisting system is composed of winch, derrick, crown block, traveling block, wire rope, hook and so on. The winch drum winds the wire rope, and drives the hook up through the swimming system composed of crown block, traveling block and wire rope to lift the drilling tool. In the process of lifting the drilling tool, the winch of the drilling rig consumes huge energy.

In the process of lowering the drilling tool, the drilling tool goes down under its own weight, and the drawworks not only does not need power, but provides braking torque to ensure that the drilling tool is lowered at a safe speed.

It can be seen from the above description that during the process of lifting the drilling tool, the winch consumes a huge amount of energy, which is converted into the potential energy of the drilling tool. During the process of lowering the drilling tool, the center of gravity of the drilling tool moves down, and its potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. At present, these kinetic energy not only cannot be effectively recovered, but also need to be consumed by special braking devices, and finally converted into heat energy. These heat energy will cause the temperature to rise and cause damage to the brake equipment. Therefore, the cooling system must be used to dissipate heat, which increases additional energy consumption. At present, the braking device of mainstream drilling rigs is composed of "main brake" and "auxiliary brake". The role of the auxiliary brake is to provide an appropriate braking torque to make the drilling tool go down at a safe speed at a constant speed; the role of the main brake is to provide a larger braking torque to slow down the drilling tool going down at a constant speed until it stops. They all consume a lot of energy when they work, especially "auxiliary braking". At present, the main brakes used by domestic and foreign mainstream drilling rigs are "hydraulic disc brakes", and the auxiliary brakes are "electromagnetic eddy current brakes" or "energy-consuming braking devices".

Recovering and utilizing the kinetic energy of oil drilling rigs is a century-old wish of people. People have thought of many methods, but in the end they did not find an effective solution to the problems of drilling tool safety and recovery of energy storage. Implemented on an oil rig.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic energy-based recovery and utilization device for drilling kinetic energy of an oil drilling rig. The device of the invention converts the kinetic energy generated when the oil drilling rig is drilling into hydraulic energy and Fully recovered, it can provide hydraulic energy for each hydraulic system of the drilling rig, and can also provide power for the elevators on the drilling rig and equipment that is not too heavy, which greatly reduces the energy consumption and cost of the drilling rig, and fills the kinetic energy of the drilling rig. Gaps in the field of recycling and utilization. As a result, the auxiliary brake that the oil drilling rig must be equipped with can be removed and replaced by a hydraulic pump that can recover the kinetic energy of drilling. The invention can be widely applied to oil drilling rigs in the fields of oil exploration and development.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A hydraulic energy-based recovery and utilization device for drilling kinetic energy of an oil drilling rig, including a drawworks drum of a drilling rig, which is connected to a crown block and a traveling block through a wire rope, and a hook is hung under the traveling block, and the hook is used to suspend the drilling tool through a ring and an elevator. At the shaft end of the drawworks drum of the drilling rig, a gear speed-up box is connected through a clutch, and the gear speed-up box is connected with a hydraulic pump through a coupling. The accumulator group is connected to each other; the accumulator group is composed of multiple accumulators connected in parallel, and the inlet of each accumulator is provided with a cut-off valve that can be remotely controlled independently. The pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump is stored in the accumulator. The manifold oil circuit of the energy generator group is respectively connected with different hydraulic systems of the oil drilling rig through parallel connection of multiple pressure reducing valves, which can provide hydraulic energy for each hydraulic system of the drilling rig; there is a charge oil pump, which is driven by an electric motor, and the oil charge pump The oil outlet of the accumulator is connected to the accumulator group through the one-way valve, and oil can be supplied to the accumulator group alone; a pressure relay is installed on the oil circuit of the accumulator manifold to automatically control the start and stop of the charge pump; the hydraulic pump It shares a tank with the charge pump.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The device of the invention fully recovers the kinetic energy generated when the oil drilling rig goes down the drill, and converts it into hydraulic energy, which provides hydraulic energy for each hydraulic system of the drilling rig, and can also lift empty elevators on the drawworks and equipment that is not too heavy The provision of power greatly reduces the energy consumption and cost of the drilling rig, and fills the gap in the field of kinetic energy recovery and utilization of the drilling rig. The adjustable throttle valve installed at the discharge port of the hydraulic pump is used as a loading device for the hydraulic pump. When drilling, by adjusting the throttle valve, a resistance torque can be applied to the drum of the drawworks of the drilling rig to prevent the rotation speed of the drum, thereby preventing the lowering speed of the drilling tool. As a result, the "electromagnetic eddy current brake" or "energy-consuming braking device" that the oil drilling rig must be equipped with originally is omitted. The supplementary oil pump is driven by the electric motor and can supply oil to the accumulator when the oil pressure in the accumulator is insufficient. The start and stop of the pump are automatically controlled by the pressure relay placed on the manifold of the accumulator. The invention can be widely applied to oil drilling rigs in the fields of oil exploration and development.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a device for recovering and utilizing kinetic energy of an oil drilling rig based on hydraulic energy according to the present invention.

reference sign

1. Drilling tools; 2. Rings and elevators; 3. Hook; 4. Touring block; 5. Crane; 6. Steel wire rope; 7. Drilling rig winch drum; Gear box; 11. Coupling; 12. Hydraulic pump (also can be used as a hydraulic motor); 13. Adjustable flow valve; 14. Hydraulic control check valve; 15. Accumulator group; 16. Stop valve; 17. Pressure relay; 18. Pressure reducing valve; 19. Electric motor; 20. Charging pump; 21. Check valve; 22. Fuel tank; 23. Hydraulic disc main brake.

detailed description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

A hydraulic energy-based recovery and utilization device for drilling kinetic energy of an oil drilling rig, including a drawworks drum 7 of a drilling rig, which is connected to a crown block 5 and a traveling block 4 through a steel wire rope 6, and a hook 3 is hung under the traveling block 4, and the hook 3 passes through a lifting ring and The elevator 2 suspends the drilling tool 1, and at the shaft end of the drawworks drum 7 of the drilling rig, a gear speed-up box 10 is connected through a clutch 9. The liquid port communicates with the accumulator group 15 through the adjustable flow valve 13 and the hydraulic control check valve 14 in sequence; The independent remote control cut-off valve 16 can control the number of accumulators actually put into use according to the different well depths; the pressure oil discharged by the hydraulic pump 12 is stored in the accumulator; the manifold oil circuit of the accumulator group 15 passes through A plurality of pressure reducing valves 18 are connected in parallel, respectively communicated with different hydraulic systems of the oil drilling rig, and can provide hydraulic energy for each hydraulic system of the drilling rig; a charge oil pump 20 is provided, and the charge oil pump 20 is connected with the electric motor 19 and driven by the electric motor 19. The oil outlet of the oil pump 20 communicates with the accumulator group 15 through the check valve 21, and can supply oil to the accumulator group 15 independently; a pressure relay 17 is installed on the oil circuit of the accumulator manifold to automatically control the oil charge pump 20 start and stop; hydraulic pump 12 and charge pump 20 share a fuel tank 22.

The working principle of the present invention is: the shaft end of the winch drum 7 of the drilling rig is connected with the input shaft of the gear speed-up box 10 through the clutch 9, and the output shaft of the gear speed-up box 10 is input through the coupling 11 and the hydraulic pump 12. Axes are connected. When tripping in, the hydraulic pump 12 can play the double role of "recovering the kinetic energy of tripping" and "auxiliary braking"; when lifting empty elevators and not too heavy equipment on the winch, the hydraulic pump 12 plays the role of a hydraulic motor again.

When the drilling rig lowers the drilling tool, the huge weight of the drilling tool 1 drives the winch drum 7 of the drilling rig to rotate through the lifting ring, the elevator 2, the hook 3 and the pulley block composed of the traveling block 4, the crown block 5 and the wire rope 6, and the winch drum 7 rotates. The rotation is transmitted to the hydraulic pump 12 through the clutch 9, the gear speed-up box 10, and the coupling 11 to make it rotate rapidly, and the hydraulic pump 12 absorbs oil from the oil tank 22 to convert the downward kinetic energy of the drilling tool 1 into hydraulic energy. The flow valve 13 and the hydraulic control check valve 14 are stored in the accumulator group 15 .

The hydraulic oil in the accumulator group 15 communicates with each hydraulic system of the drilling rig through each pressure reducing valve 18 to provide hydraulic energy for each hydraulic system of the drilling rig; a hydraulic control signal is artificially given to the hydraulic control check valve 14, and the hydraulic control one-way The valve 14 conducts reversely, and the hydraulic oil in the accumulator group 15 can also be reversely injected into the hydraulic pump 12 through the hydraulic control check valve 14 and the adjustable flow valve 13, so that the pump is in the state of a hydraulic motor, and is used for the winch drum 7. Elevator elevators and not too heavy equipment provide power, and the hoisting speed of the winch can be realized by adjusting the opening size of the adjustable throttle valve 13. The set oil charge pump 20 is driven by the electric motor 19, and when the pressure in the accumulator is insufficient, the pump can replenish oil to the accumulator through the check valve 21. The start and stop of the charging oil pump 20 are automatically controlled by the pressure relay 17 installed on the manifold of the accumulator.

When drilling down, by adjusting the opening size of the adjustable throttle valve 13, the hydraulic pump 12 can be adjusted to discharge fluid resistance, thereby adjusting the load of the hydraulic pump 12. After the torque generated by the load is amplified by the gear speed increaser box 10, a resistance torque is applied to the shaft of the drilling rig drawworks drum 7 to control the rotation speed of the drilling rig drawworks drum 7, thereby controlling the lowering speed of the drilling tool 1, which plays the role of the aforementioned "auxiliary brake" ” to ensure that the drilling tool 1 descends at a safe speed. In this way, the rig no longer needs the auxiliary brakes that had to be equipped in the past. When the drilling tool 1 needs to stop moving, utilize the original hydraulic disc main brake 23 of the drilling rig to hold the brake disc 8 fixed on the drawworks drum 7 to realize braking. The opening size of the adjustable flow valve 13 depends on the size of the drilling tool 1 weight when the drilling rig goes down, the heavier the drilling tool 1, the smaller the adjustable flow valve 13 opening, otherwise, the adjustable flow valve 13 opening is adjusted larger.

When lifting the drilling tool, the clutch 9 is operated to disconnect the shaft of the drawworks drum 7 of the drilling rig from the gear speed increaser 10, and the device of the present invention does not affect the normal tripping operation of the drilling rig.

The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or replacements that do not come to mind through creative work shall be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims (1)

1. A hydraulic energy-based recovery and utilization device for drilling kinetic energy of an oil drilling rig, comprising a drilling rig drawworks drum (7), which is connected to a crown block (5) and a traveling block (4) through a steel wire rope (6), and the traveling block (4) The big hook (3) is suspended below, and the big hook (3) suspends the drilling tool (1) through the lifting ring and the elevator (2). The gear speed-up box (10), the gear speed-up box (10) is connected with a hydraulic pump (12) through a shaft coupling (11), and the liquid discharge port of the hydraulic pump (12) passes through the adjustable throttle valve (13), The hydraulically controlled one-way valve (14) communicates with the accumulator group (15); the accumulator group (15) is composed of multiple accumulators connected in parallel, and the inlet of each accumulator is provided with a cut-off valve that can be independently controlled by remote control. The pressure oil discharged from the valve (16) and the hydraulic pump (12) is stored in the accumulator, and the manifold oil circuit of the accumulator group (15) is respectively connected with different hydraulic pressures of the oil drilling rig through a plurality of pressure reducing valves (18) connected in parallel. The system is connected and can provide hydraulic energy for each hydraulic system of the drilling rig; there is an oil charge pump (20), which is driven by an electric motor (19), and the oil outlet of the oil charge pump (20) passes through a one-way valve (21 ) is connected with the accumulator group (15), and can supply oil to the accumulator group (15) independently; a pressure relay (17) is arranged on the oil circuit of the accumulator manifold to automatically control the start-up of the charge pump (20) , stop; hydraulic pump (12) and charge oil pump (20) share a fuel tank (22).