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CN1045691C - 一种蓄电池电解质保护剂 - Google Patents

一种蓄电池电解质保护剂 Download PDF

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CN1045691C
CN1045691C CN90102344A CN90102344A CN1045691C CN 1045691 C CN1045691 C CN 1045691C CN 90102344 A CN90102344 A CN 90102344A CN 90102344 A CN90102344 A CN 90102344A CN 1045691 C CN1045691 C CN 1045691C
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electrolyte
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battery
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CN1056020A (zh
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穆秀珍
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

一种将保护剂加入电解质表面的蓄电池电解质的保护方法，是在电解质表面加入比重小于1，化学性能稳定、不与电解质互溶的低熔点、高沸点的难挥发液体，使电解质与空气隔绝，避免电解质挥发失水和形成污染，使蓄电池始终保持良好的性能，长年使用不需补充添加蒸馏水和更换电解质，减少了维护和使用上的麻烦。该方法简单、易行。

Description

一种蓄电池电解质保护剂
本发明涉及一种维护蓄电池的方法，具体是使蓄电池中的电解质与外界空气隔绝的方法。
现有的蓄电池电解质由于无特效的保护措施，其电解质在使用过程中易失水挥发或干裂，导致电容量不足和蓄电池功能不稳定，为了保护电解质内有适量的水份，需经常添加一定量的蒸馏水，不仅带来操作上的麻烦，而且加水量也不易控制，使电解质浓度无法保持在最佳状态，同样会影响蓄电池的功能。除此之外，蓄电池在充电过程中会产生一些气体，从电瓶盖孔放出，因此电瓶不可能全封闭，这样就会有某些杂质和有害气体从电瓶盖孔进人电解质内使电解质变质(如碱性电解质常常因吸收了空气中的CO0等酸性气体而变质)。所以电解质得不到保护时，不仅需经常向电解质内添加蒸馏水或更换电解质，而且使蓄电池寿命缩短，电容量不足，维护麻烦且不安全。
本发明的目的是提供一种防止蓄电池电解质失水和污染变质的保护方法。
为实现上述目的，在蓄电池的电解质中加入具有以下特征的物质为电解质保护剂。
1、含有9-20个碳原子的饱和烃；
2、各种植物油；
3、具有以下特征的其它有机物：
(1)低熔点(＜37℃)，高沸点(＞130℃)的难挥发液体；
(2)比重小于1、与各种酸、碱、盐无互溶性；
(3)化学性能稳定，不与酸、碱、盐及还原剂、氧化剂起作用；
4、由上述两种以上物质组成的混合物，
电解质保护剂的加入量，以复盖电解质表面为宜、一般不小于0.3ml/cm。
本保护方法广泛应用于汽车、摩托车、飞机、轮船、通讯、矿灯、仪器等一切使用蓄电池的车辆、设备和场所，无论对酸性(或碱性)电解液，还是凝胶体(固体)电解质，均有保护效果。其作用原理是在电解质表面形成一种保护薄膜，这种保护膜有抑制液体挥发，固定电解质最佳比例成份不变化、不失重，不被污染等优点，因而使蓄电池始终保持最良好的性能。长年使用不需补充添加蒸馏水和更换电解质，减少了许多和使用上的麻烦。该方法简便、易行。
本保护方法的实施例如下：(接表)
                                                        各种保护剂对不同电解质保护作用的实验数据
            电解质保护剂               蒸馏水(g)           128d硫酸(g)         21％氢氧化钾(g)           硅凝胶体(g)  备    注
  烘前重    烘后重   失重   烘前重   烘后重  失重   烘前重   烘后重    失重   烘前重   烘后重   失重  实验条件温度保持50±5℃，鼓风，实验时间72小时。
   未    加   210.2    110.6   99.6   206.5   140.5  66.0    189.0   84.6   104.4    210.3    123.9   86.4
   加入液体石蜡   218.5    218.5   0   216.3   216.3  0    211.7   211.7   0    216.2    216.2   0
   加入30号透平油   222.0    222.0   0   219.2   219.2  0    209.6   209.6   0    217.3    217.3   0
加入变压器油 219.75 219.75 0 218.7 218.7 0 213.8 213.8 0 220.0 220.0 0
加入20号机油 219.75 219.75 0 221.5 221.5 0 218.4 218.4 0 223.2 223.2 0
加入柴机油 225.0 225.0 0 223.3 223.3 0 220.1 220.1 0 221.6 221.6 0
   加入胡麻油   219.3    219.3   0   215.4   215  0    215.5   215.5   0    219.4    219.4   0
   加入豆油   217.3    217.3   0   214.9   214.8  0    214.6   214.6   0    219.9    219.9   0
加入花生油 207.5 207.5 0 214.8 214.8 0 215.2 215.2 0 220.8 220.8 0
   加入蓖麻油   208.0    208.0   0   215.2   215.2  0    214.8   214.8   0    218.2    218.2   0

Claims (1)

1、一种加入在蓄电池电解质中的保护剂，其特征是：该保护剂为液体石腊，它在电解质表面形成一种保护膜。
CN90102344A 1990-04-21 1990-04-21 一种蓄电池电解质保护剂 Expired - Fee Related CN1045691C (zh)

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CN90102344A CN1045691C (zh) 1990-04-21 1990-04-21 一种蓄电池电解质保护剂

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN90102344A CN1045691C (zh) 1990-04-21 1990-04-21 一种蓄电池电解质保护剂

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CN1056020A CN1056020A (zh) 1991-11-06
CN1045691C true CN1045691C (zh) 1999-10-13

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GB201411483D0 (en) * 2014-06-27 2014-08-13 Batmark Ltd Vaporizer Assembly
US20230163337A1 (en) * 2021-11-24 2023-05-25 Uop Llc Protective layer for an electrolyte in a flow battery

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