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CN104506006B - 一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机 - Google Patents

一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机 Download PDF

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CN104506006B
CN104506006B CN201410803634.0A CN201410803634A CN104506006B CN 104506006 B CN104506006 B CN 104506006B CN 201410803634 A CN201410803634 A CN 201410803634A CN 104506006 B CN104506006 B CN 104506006B
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林政安
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • H02K3/16Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots for auxiliary purposes, e.g. damping or commutating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机,发电机定子24槽,极数20极,其特征为发电机转子为永磁场,发电机定子为双分数槽集中绕组,即发电机定子槽中安放有2套三相对称分数槽绕组,其线圈节距均为Y=1。其中一套三相对称双层绕组为发电绕组即主绕组,另一套三相对称单层绕组为辅助绕组,辅助绕组与主绕组间无互感,也不感应产生电动势,辅助绕组与主绕组各相对应串联,对外三相三线输出交流电压,稳态工作时辅助绕组可以抑制负载电流畸变,提高了带非线性负载能力;当发电机短路时辅助绕组限制了短路电流,使永磁发电机本身具有强的抗短路能力,提高发电机及供电系统的可靠性。

Description

一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电力设备,具体涉及的是一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机。
背景技术
永磁发电机日益被广泛应用,永磁发电机具有结构简单,效率高等优点,但也有一些缺陷,比如电压调节困难,高速时短路电流很大,容易造成永磁体退磁,绕组很容易烧毁,其中电压调节困难问题已有多种混合励磁方式的解决方案,不在此发明范围内涉及。而如何提高永磁发电机本身抗短路能力,则还是目前行业中一个技术难点问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种永磁发电机绕组的新结构,使永磁发电机绕组本身具有强大的抗短路能力。
本发明是这样来实现的,一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机,发电机转子为永磁场,具有20个磁极,发电机定子具有24个定子槽,其特征在于:其中安放二套三相对称的分数槽集中绕组,线圈节距圴为Y=1;三相主绕组为AX,BY,CZ,是节距为1的双层绕组,三相辅助绕组为ax,by,cz,是节距为1的单层绕组,二套绕组各相对应串联后,x,y,z联接在一起,不引出,引出端A,B,C分别标记为U,V,W三相,三相三线输出交流电。
进一步的,所述一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机,当定子24个槽中布置的主绕组是双层绕组,线圈节距为1,各线圈导体在24个槽中相位依次为:A8A1,Z1B1,Y1Y2,B2Z1,C1C2,Z2A2,X2X3,A3Y3,B3B4,Y4C3,Z3Z4,C4X4,A4A5,X5B5,Y5Y6,B6Z5,C5C6,Z6A6,X6X7,A7Y7,B7B8,Y8C7,Z7Z8,C8X8;U相是AX绕组,AX由A1X1,A2X2,A3X3,A4X4,A5X5,A6X6,A7X7,A8X8八个线圈依次串联组成;同理,V相是BY绕组,由B1Y1至B8Y8八个绕组串联组成,W相是CZ相,由C1Z1至C8Z8八个绕组串联而成。
进一步的,所述一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机,或当定子24个槽中布置的辅助绕组是单层绕组,线圈节距为1,各线圈导体在24槽中相位依次为:a1,x1,b1,y1,c1,z1;a2,x2,b2,y2,c2,z2;a3,x3,b3,y3,c3,z3;a4,x4,b4,y4,c4,z4;u相是ax绕组,ax由a1x1,a2x2,a3x3,a4x4四个线圈依次串联而成;同理,v相是by绕组,by由b1y1至b4y4四个线圈依次串联组成,w相是cz绕组,cz由c1z1至c4z4四个线圈依次串联组成。
进一步的,所述一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机,所有线圈都直接绕在定子齿上,工艺简单,端部短,二套绕组间无互感,其中辅助绕组是一种纯阻抗绕组,辅助绕组有抑制负载电流畸变,提高带整流类非线性负载能力,提高抗短路电流能力的作用,从而显著提高永磁发电机的容错能力及供电系统的可靠性。
本发明的技术效果是:在一种永磁发电机定子24槽中三相定子绕组由双分数槽集中绕组构成,其中主绕组AX,BY,CX是一套20极的节距为1的双层绕组,其中辅助绕组ax,by,cz是一套节距也为1的单层绕组,所有绕组都是直接绕在定子齿上,工艺简单,端部短,两套绕组间无互感,接线工作时,辅助绕组起到了抑制负载电流畸变作用,提高了带整流类非线性负载能力,并且有强的抗短路电流能力,显著提高了永磁发电机的容错能力及供电系统的可靠性,达到了发明的目的。
附图说明
图1为本发明的电气原理图。
具体实施方式
本发明是这样来工作和实施的,一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机,主要结构参数为定子槽数24槽,极数20极,相数3相,转子永磁体结构;其特征在于:仅对定子绕组结构进行设计,将定子绕组设计成双分数槽集中绕组,也即将定子绕组设计成二套三相对称的分数槽集中绕组,这二套三相对称绕组各线圈的节距均为Y=1。
其中一套三相对称绕组为发电绕组也叫主绕组,主绕组三相有24个线圈,每个线圈分别直接绕在定子每个齿上,因此在每个槽中都布置有2个导体,是双层绕组,在24个槽中线圈导体的相位分布如下表所规定:
槽号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
相位 A8A1 X1B1 Y1Y2 B2Z1 C1C2 Z2A2 X2X3 A3Y3 B3B4 Y4C3 Z3Z4 C4X4
槽号 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
相位 A4A5 X5B5 Y5Y6 B6Z5 C5C6 Z6A6 X6X7 A7Y7 B7B8 Y8C7 Z7Z8 C8X8
将A1X1,A2X2,A3X3,A4X4,A5X5,A6X6,A7X7,A8X8,这8个线圈依次串联起来,头尾分别标注A及X,形成AX绕组,称其为U相主绕组;同理,将B1Y1至B8Y8这8个线圈依次串联起来,头尾分别标注B及Y,形成BY绕组,称其为V相主绕组,将C1Z1至C8Z8这8个线圈依次串联起来,头尾分别标注C及Z,形成CZ绕组,称其为W相主绕组。
这种三相双层主绕组线圈节距均为Y=1,是分数槽集中绕组,工艺简单,每个线圈直接分别绕在每个齿上,端部短,并由分布相位得出其基波绕组系数Kdp1=0.933,基波绕组系数较高,同时谐波含量较小。
另外一套三相对称绕组为辅助绕组,辅助绕组只有12个线圈,每个线圈互隔一个齿,但每个线圈也是直接绕在一个齿上,因此每个槽中只有一个导体,这样在24个槽中线圈的导体的相位分布如下表:
将表中4个线圈:a1x1,a2x2,a3x3,a4x4串联起来,头尾分别标注ax,称为u相辅助绕组;将b1y1,b2y2,b3y3,b4y4串联起来,头尾分别标注by,称为v相辅助绕组;将c1z1,c2z2,c3z3,c4z4串联起来,头尾分别标注cz,称为w相辅助绕组;由此相位布置使得辅助绕组的绕组系数kdp1=0,也即永磁体磁场切割辅助绕组时,在各相辅助绕组中感应电势的和为零,故辅助绕组只起阻抗作用。
这种三相单层辅助绕组线圈节距也均为y=1,也是分数槽集中绕组,故把这种永磁发电机定子上布置的这两套三相绕组称为双分数槽集中绕组。定子绕组按照图1接法,即三相辅助绕组的各相绕组与三相主绕组相对应的各相绕组相串联后,接成星形三相三线输出,如图1所示,AX与ax串联,BY与by串联,CZ与cz串联后将x,y,z端联接在一起,不引出;将A,B,C端引出,分别标记U,V,W形成三相U,V,W三线输出的交流电源。

Claims (1)

1.一种双分数槽集中绕组抗短路永磁发电机,发电机转子为永磁场,具有20个磁极,发电机定子具有24个定子槽,其特征在于:安放二套三相对称的分数槽集中绕组,线圈节距圴为Y=1;三相主绕组为AX,BY,CZ,是节距为1的双层绕组,三相辅助绕组为ax,by,cz,是节距为1的单层绕组,二套绕组各相对应串联后,x,y,z联接在一起,不引出,引出端A,B,C分别标记为U,V,W三相,三相三线输出交流电;
定子24个槽中布置的主绕组是双层绕组,线圈节距为1,各线圈导体在24个槽中相位依次为:A8A1,Z1B1,Y1Y2,B2Z1,C1C2,Z2A2,X2X3,A3Y3,B3B4,Y4C3,Z3Z4,C4X4,A4A5,X5B5,Y5Y6,B6Z5,C5C6,Z6A6,X6X7,A7Y7,B7B8,Y8C7,Z7Z8,C8X8;
所述U相是AX绕组,AX由A1X1,A2X2,A3X3,A4X4,A5X5,A6X6,A7X7,A8X8八个线圈依次串联组成;
所述V相是BY绕组,由B1Y1至B8Y8八个绕组串联组成,W相是CZ相,由C1Z1至C8Z8八个绕组串联而成;
定子24个槽中布置的辅助绕组是单层绕组,线圈节距为1,各线圈导体在24槽中相位依次为:a1,x1,b1,y1,c1,z1;a2,x2,b2,y2,c2,z2;a3,x3,b3,y3,c3,z3;a4,x4,b4,y4,c4,z4
u相是ax绕组,ax由a1x1,a2x2,a3x3,a4x4四个线圈依次串联而成;
v相是by绕组,by由b1y1至b4y4四个线圈依次串联组成,w相是cz绕组,cz由c1z1至c4z4四个线圈依次串联组成;
所有线圈都直接绕在定子齿上,其中辅助绕组是一种纯阻抗绕组。
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