CN104504413B - A kind of RFID antenna deployment system monitored in real time for warehouse and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an RFID antenna deployment system and method for real-time monitoring of warehouses. The system includes arranging shelves in the warehouse, RFID readers, RFID antennas, photoelectric sensors, GPIO Box conversion control boxes, and wireless routers. RFID The antenna is deployed on the upper side of each compartment frame of the shelf at a set inclination angle β; the RFID antenna is connected to the RFID reader through an RFID cable. During the test, the products with RFID tags are placed on each compartment of the shelf. On the shelf in the middle of the layer frame, the RFID reader identifies the RFID tag pasted on the product through the RFID antenna; calculates the deployment function value of the RFID antenna according to the deployment function of the RFID antenna, and calculates the RFID antenna in each compartment frame Adjust the height, position, and angle of the location to obtain the optimal recognition energy threshold, and use this energy threshold as the basis for judging whether the RFID antenna is the optimal deployment location. The method realizes the optimal deployment of the RFID antenna for real-time monitoring of the warehouse, and reduces the signal interference of adjacent warehouse locations.

Description

An RFID antenna deployment system and method for real-time monitoring of warehouses

technical field

The invention relates to the field of electronic information technology, in particular to an RFID antenna deployment system and method for real-time monitoring of warehouses.

Background technique

With the rapid development of information science, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology in the Internet of Things, that is, radio frequency identification technology, has been widely used in many fields such as manufacturing supply chain logistics, manufacturing and traffic management. Since different types of products have different placement forms and quantities when they pass through the RFID identification range, and the electromagnetic environment and space around the gate where the RFID antenna is deployed are also different, it is difficult to find an optimal RFID antenna deployment method, the optimal RFID antenna The deployed application environment requires comprehensive optimization of the RFID reader antenna height, antenna position, and antenna angle.

At present, the automatic identification of warehouse goods is a typical application of RFID technology, which can realize real-time inventory, automatic location management, real-time query, intelligent analysis, and improve the efficiency of warehousing operations. When using RFID antennas to read and write different products, it is greatly affected by the surrounding environment, product shape, and nearby electromagnetic environment. In the actual environment of the three-dimensional space where the goods in the warehouse are located, the height, position and angle of the RFID antenna deployment need to be optimized. In the paper "Optimized deployment of RFID network based on hybrid particle swarms" published by Liu Kuai et al. in the fourth issue of "Computer Application Research" in 2012, this paper introduces the optimal deployment of RFID antennas in the two-dimensional moment plane. A hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the deployment position of the reader, so that the reader can read multiple tag information while reducing the conflict problem, but this deployment method does not consider the impact of the three-dimensional space environment on the read-write recognition performance of the RFID antenna; Liu Yu et al. in the invention patent CN 101872885B "a system and method for rapid deployment of RFID antennas". Antennas, comparing the recognition performance of one or more RFID antenna parameter combinations on RFID tags pasted on commodities in the application field environment, however, this method does not consider the index constraints of RFID antenna deployment height, position, and angle in RFID antenna deployment , the maximum coverage of the RFID antenna to the area to be monitored in the warehouse cannot be achieved, and the overlapping coverage of the RF signal of the RFID reader will also cause conflicts between the RFID reader and the RFID tag, and the optimal deployment of the RFID antenna in the real-time monitoring of the warehouse cannot be realized. .

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes an RFID antenna deployment system and method for real-time monitoring of warehouses, through the normalization of the index factors of the radio frequency coverage area of the RFID antenna, the signal interference ratio between RFID antennas, and the load capacity of the RFID antenna Quantify and optimize to realize the optimal deployment of RFID antennas for real-time monitoring of warehouses.

In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a RFID antenna deployment system for warehouse real-time monitoring according to the present invention, including a shelf 1, an RFID reader 2, a GPIO Box conversion control box 3, a wireless router 4, RFID antenna 5, photoelectric sensor 6;

The shelf 1 is a storage shelf with at least two layers of stacked storage goods, and is used to deploy RFID readers 2, GPIO Box conversion control boxes 3, wireless routers 4, RFID antennas 5, and photoelectric sensors 6;

The RFID reader-writer 2, the GPIO Box conversion control box 3, and the wireless router 4 are deployed on the top surface of the first shelf of the shelf 1;

The RFID antenna 5 is deployed on the upper side of each interlayer frame of the shelf 1 at a set inclination angle β; the photoelectric sensor 6 is deployed on both sides of each interlayer frame of the shelf 1, wherein,

The RFID antenna 5 is connected to the RFID reader 2 through a cable. During the test, the products with RFID labels are placed on the shelf in the middle of each compartment frame of the shelf 1, and the RFID reader 2 is identified and pasted on the shelf through the RFID antenna 5. The RFID label on the product adjusts the height, position, and angle of the RFID antenna 5 in each compartment frame to obtain the optimal recognition energy threshold, and uses this energy threshold as the basis for judging whether the RFID antenna 5 is optimal. Basis for deployment location.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a RFID antenna deployment method for real-time monitoring of warehouses, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Arrange the shelf 1, RFID reader 2, GPIO Box conversion control box 3, wireless router 4, RFID antenna 5, and photoelectric sensor 6 into the application environment of the warehouse;

Step 2: Set the warehouse shelf 1 to be monitored area, set each RFID antenna 5 to select the initial value range of height, position and angle relative to each compartment frame of the shelf 1;

Step 3: Determine the coverage area index in each interlayer frame of each RFID antenna 5 radio frequency signal, the index of the radio frequency signal interference ratio between the RFID antennas 5, the balance index of the RFID antenna 5 load, and the radio frequency coverage of the RFID antenna 5 The index of the area, the signal interference index of the RFID antenna 5, and the index of the load of the RFID antenna 5 are normalized; the details are as follows:

Step 3-1: Set the coverage index function of the coverage area of each RFID antenna 5 radio frequency signal in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₁ , and calculate the maximum value of the coverage index function, the calculation formula is:

max f ₁ ＝N _coverage /|S _t | (1)

Among them, N _coverage is all tags covered by the radio frequency of RFID antenna 5, S _t is a matrix composed of RFID tags t; S _r is a matrix composed of RFID antenna r, |S _t | is the total number of RFID tags;

The total number of RFID tags, the expression is:

Among them, S _r is the matrix composed of RFID antenna r, C _v (r) is the label that receives the signal from RFID antenna r,

The described RFID tag that receives signal from RFID antenna r, its expression is:

Among them, r is the RFID antenna in each compartment frame in shelf 1, S _t is the matrix composed of RFID tags t, P _r,t is the signal field strength received by RFID tag t from RFID antenna r; P _q is the RFID The received energy threshold for the communication between the reader-writer 2 and the RFID tag; is any RFID antenna, r' is other antennas outside the RFID antenna r;

Step 3-2: Set the index function of the radio frequency signal interference ratio between any two RFID antennas 5 in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₂ , and calculate the maximum value of the radio frequency signal interference ratio index function, and its calculation formula is:

max f ₂ =Σ _r∈St (Cd _r,t /(Cd _r,t +γ(t)))/|S _t | (4)

Among them, Cd _r,t is the sum of the signal field strength of all antenna r near the tag t received, |S _t | is the total number of RFID tags, γ(t) is the interference level of the tag t interference signal;

The label t interference signal conflict level γ(t), its expression is:

Among them, P _{r', t} is the signal field strength received by RFID tag t from RFID antenna r', and S _m is the minimum energy threshold required for the tag to receive the signal;

Let the ratio of the power obtained by a tag from one RFID antenna to the total power obtained by the tag from all RFID antennas be the objective function, denoted as f ₂ , and calculate the objective function. When f ₂ is equal to 1, the conflict level is considered to be optimal. At this point, the conflict level is 0;

Step 3-3: Set the RFID antenna 5 radio frequency signal load balancing index function in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₃ , calculate the maximum value of the RFID antenna 5 radio frequency signal load balancing index function, and its calculation formula is:

Among them, |S _r | is the total number of RFID antenna r, |S _t | is the total number of tags t, n _i is the energy loss of antenna r _i , when the maximum value of f ₃ is 1, the load balancing level is considered to be optimal ;

Step 4: Set the deployment function of RFID antenna 5, denoted as ξ(S), and its expression is:

ξ(S)=[maxf ₁ ,maxf ₂ ,maxf ₃ ] (7)

Among them, S is the deployment position parameter of RFID antenna 5, maxf ₁ is the maximum radio frequency signal coverage index function of RFID antenna 5; maxf ₂ is the maximum interference index function of RFID antenna 5 radio frequency signal; maxf ₃ is the maximum radio frequency signal load balancing index of RFID antenna 5 function;

Step 5: Determine whether the deployment function value (ξ(S _r )) of the rth RFID antenna 5 is greater than the deployment function value ξ(S _r+1 ) of the r+1th RFID antenna 5, if the rth The deployment function value ξ(S _r ) of the RFID antenna is greater than the deployment function value ξ(S _r+1 ) of the r+1th RFID antenna 5, in other words, if ξ(S _r )>ξ(S _r+1 ), Then it is determined that the rth RFID antenna deployment position parameter corresponding to the deployment function value of the rth RFID antenna 5 is better than the r+1th RFID antenna deployment position parameter corresponding to the deployment function value of the r+1th RFID antenna 5 , and then judge according to the increasing order of the above positions, until the position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment corresponding to the maximum value of the RFID antenna deployment function is obtained, the corresponding position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment is the optimal position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment, go to step 6, otherwise return to step 3;

Step 6: According to the optimal location parameters of the RFID antenna deployment described in step 4, the RFID antenna 5 and the photoelectric sensor 6 are respectively deployed on the shelf 1, and the RFID reader 2 is connected to the RFID antenna 5 to obtain the optimal position of the RFID antenna 5. Position and angle of deployment.

Compared with the prior art, an RFID antenna deployment system and method for warehouse real-time monitoring of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

(1) The RFID antenna deployment system can optimally deploy RFID readers, GPIO Box conversion control boxes, and wireless routers on the top of the shelf according to the warehouse’s on-site application environment, which can ensure the normal automatic operation of warehouse logistics. When the photoelectric sensor 6 detects warehouse When there is material on the position, the GPIO Box conversion control box converts it into a control signal and sends it to the reader, so that the antenna is in the working state at this time; In order to achieve the purpose of controlling the working state of the reader, thereby reducing energy consumption and electromagnetic pollution, and reducing the signal interference of adjacent storage locations.

(2) The RFID deployment method can realize the deployment optimization of the RFID antenna, maximize the coverage of the monitoring area of the warehouse belt, and solve the problems of reader-writer conflicts and label conflicts caused by overlapping radio frequency signals of RFID readers.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an RFID antenna deployment system for real-time monitoring of warehouses provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 Flow chart of RFID antenna deployment method.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further elaborated below in combination with specific examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an RFID antenna deployment system for real-time monitoring of warehouses,

Including shelf 1, RFID reader 2, GPIO Box conversion control box 3, wireless router 4, RFID antenna 5, photoelectric sensor 6;

The shelf 1 is a storage shelf with at least two layers of stacked goods for storage, and is used to deploy the RFID reader-writer 2, the GPIO Box conversion control box 3, the wireless router 4, the RFID antenna 5, and the photoelectric sensor 6, wherein,

The RFID reader-writer 2, the GPIO Box conversion control box 3, and the wireless router 4 are deployed on the top surface of the first shelf of the shelf 1;

The RFID antenna is deployed on the upper side of each compartment frame of the shelf 1 at a set inclination angle β;

The photoelectric sensor 6 is deployed on both sides of each compartment frame of the shelf 1;

The RFID antenna 5 is connected to the RFID reader 2 through a cable. During the test, the products with RFID labels are placed on the shelf in the middle of each compartment frame of the shelf 1, and the RFID reader 2 is identified and pasted on the shelf through the RFID antenna 5. The RFID label on the product adjusts the height, position, and angle of the RFID antenna 5 in each compartment frame to obtain the optimal recognition energy threshold, and uses this energy threshold as the basis for judging whether the RFID antenna 5 is optimal. Basis for deployment location.

As shown in Figure 1, the photoelectric sensor 6 is fixed on each storey position. When the photoelectric sensor 6 detects that there is material on the store position, the control box 3 is converted into a control signal by the GPIO Box and sent to the reader 2, so that The antenna is in the working state at this time; when there is no material in a warehouse location, the RFID reader 2 and the RFID antenna 5 are in the dormant state, so as to control the working state of the RFID reader 2.

As shown in Figure 2, Figure 2 is a flowchart of an RFID antenna deployment method for warehouse real-time monitoring provided by the present invention, using the RFID antenna deployment system of the present invention to implement the RFID antenna deployment method includes the following steps:

Step 1: Arrange the shelf 1, RFID reader 2, GPIO Box conversion control box 3, wireless router 4, RFID antenna 5, and photoelectric sensor 6 into the application environment of the warehouse;

Step 2: Set the area to be monitored on warehouse shelf 1, and set the initial range of height, position, and angle for each RFID antenna selection relative to each compartment frame of shelf 1. For example, the height of the compartment frame is h, The position is (x, y, z), and the angle β is (0-90°). The initial value represents the position parameter R(x, y, z, β) of the antenna, where x is the abscissa of the antenna in the coverage area, and y is the ordinate, and β is the parameter of the antenna direction;

Step 3: Determine the coverage area index in each compartment frame of each RFID antenna radio frequency signal, the index of the radio frequency signal interference ratio between RFID antennas, the balance index of the RFID antenna load, and the index of the radio frequency coverage area of the RFID antenna, Antenna signal interference indicators and antenna load indicators are normalized; the details are as follows:

Step 3-1: Set the coverage index function of the coverage area of each RFID antenna radio frequency signal in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₁ , and calculate the maximum value of the coverage index function, the calculation formula is:

max f ₁ ＝N _coverage /|S _t | (1)

Among them, N _coverage is all tags covered by the radio frequency of the RFID antenna, S _t is the matrix composed of RFID tags t, S _r is the matrix composed of RFID antenna r, |S _t | is the total number of RFID tags;

The total number of RFID tags, the expression is:

Among them, S _r is a matrix formed by RFID antenna r, and C _v (r) is a label that receives a signal from antenna r;

The described RFID tag that receives signal from RFID antenna r, its expression is:

Among them, r is the RFID antenna in each compartment frame in shelf 1, S _t is the matrix composed of RFID tags t, P _r,t is the signal field strength received by RFID tag t from RFID antenna r; P _q is the RFID The received energy threshold of the communication between the reader and the RFID tag; is any RFID antenna, r' is other antennas outside the RFID antenna r;

Step 3-2: Set the index function of the radio frequency signal interference ratio between any two RFID antennas in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₂ , and calculate the maximum value of the radio frequency signal interference ratio index function, and its calculation formula is:

max f ₂ =Σ _r∈St (Cd _{r, t} / (Cd _{r, t} / (Cd _{r, t} + γ(t)))/|St| (4)

Among them, Cd _r,t is the sum of the signal field strength of all antenna r near the tag t received, |S _t | is the total number of RFID tags, γ(t) is the interference level of the tag t interference signal;

The label t interference signal conflict level γ(t), its expression is:

γ(t)=Σ(P _r′,t −S _m ), Cd _r,t ≥P _r′,t ≥S _m (5)

Among them, P _{r', t} is the signal field strength received by RFID tag t from RFID antenna r', and S _m is the minimum energy threshold required for the tag to receive the signal;

Let the ratio of the power obtained by a tag from one RFID antenna to the total power obtained by the tag from all RFID antennas be the objective function, denoted as f ₂ , and calculate the objective function. When f ₂ is equal to 1, the conflict level is considered to be optimal. At this time, the conflict level is 0. For example, when the RFID tag is located in the overlapping area covered by the RFID reader 2, if the signal received by an RFID tag is less than Cd _r,t , it indicates that the RFID tag covered by the RFID reader r The signal received by t is the optimal signal, and is greater than the energy threshold S _m required for RFID tag communication;

Step 3-3: Set the RFID antenna radio frequency signal load balancing index function in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₃ , and calculate the maximum value of the RFID antenna radio frequency signal load balancing index function, and its calculation formula is:

Among them, |S _r | is the total number of RFID antenna r, |S _t | is the total number of tags t, n _i is the energy loss of antenna r _i , when the maximum value of f ₃ is 1, the load balancing level is considered to be optimal ;

Step 4: Set the deployment function of the RFID antenna, denoted as ξ(S), and its expression is:

ξ(S)=[maxf ₁ ,maxf ₂ ,maxf ₃ ] (7)

Wherein, S is the RFID antenna deployment position parameter, maxf ₁ is the maximum radio frequency signal coverage index function of the RFID antenna; maxf ₂ is the maximum interference index function of the RFID antenna radio frequency signal; maxf ₃ is the maximum radio frequency signal load balancing index function of the RFID antenna;

Step 5: Determine whether the deployment function value (ξ(S _r )) of the rth RFID antenna is greater than the deployment function value ξ(S _r+1 ) of the r+1th RFID antenna, if the rth RFID antenna The deployment function value ξ(S _r ) of the r+1th RFID antenna is greater than the deployment function value ξ(S _r+1 ), in other words, if ξ(S _r )＞ξ(S _r+1 ), then the The position parameter of the rth RFID antenna deployment corresponding to the deployment function value of r RFID antennas is better than the position parameter of the r+1th RFID antenna deployment corresponding to the deployment function value of the r+1 RFID antenna, and then according to the above position Judging in the increasing order of the RFID antenna deployment function until the position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment corresponding to the maximum value of the RFID antenna deployment function is obtained, the corresponding position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment is the optimal position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment, go to step 6, otherwise return to step 3;

Step 6: According to the optimal location parameters of the RFID antenna deployment described in step 4, the RFID antenna 5 and the photoelectric sensor 6 are respectively deployed on the shelf 1, and the RFID reader 2 is connected to the RFID antenna 5 to obtain the optimal deployment of the RFID antenna position and angle.

Claims (2)

1. An RFID antenna deployment system for warehouse real-time monitoring, characterized in that the system includes a shelf (1), an RFID reader (2), a GPIO Box conversion control box (3), a wireless router (4), RFID antenna (5), photoelectric sensor (6), The shelf (1) is a storage shelf with at least two layers of stacked storage goods, and is used to deploy RFID readers (2), GPIO Box conversion control boxes (3), wireless routers (4), RFID antennas (5 ), the photoelectric sensor (6), the RFID reader (2), the GPIO Box conversion control box (3), the wireless router (4) are deployed on the top surface of the shelf (1) first floor shelf; the described The RFID antenna (5) is deployed on the upper side of each interlayer frame of the shelf (1) with a set inclination angle β; the photoelectric sensor (6) is deployed on two sides of each interlayer frame of the shelf (1). side, where The RFID antenna (5) is connected to the RFID reader (2) through a cable. During the test, the products with the RFID label are placed on the shelf in the middle of each compartment frame of the shelf (1), and the RFID reader (2) ) through the RFID antenna (5) to identify the RFID label pasted on the product, adjust the height, position and angle of the RFID antenna (5) in each compartment frame to obtain the optimal recognition energy threshold, so as to The energy threshold is used as the basis for judging whether the RFID antenna (5) is an optimal deployment position, Described photoelectric sensor (6) is fixed on each storey location, when photoelectric sensor (6) detects that there is material on the storage location, convert control box (3) through GPIO Box and convert into control signal and send to RFID reader (2 ), so that the RFID antenna (5) is in a working state, and when there is no material in a certain storage position, the RFID reader (2) and the RFID antenna (5) are in a dormant state. 2. An RFID antenna deployment method for warehouse real-time monitoring, utilizing a kind of RFID antenna deployment system for warehouse real-time monitoring according to claim 1 to deploy, it is characterized in that, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Arrange the shelf (1), RFID reader (2), GPIO Box conversion control box (3), wireless router (4), RFID antenna (5), and photoelectric sensor (6) in the application environment of the warehouse ; Step 2: Set the warehouse shelf (1) to be monitored area, set each RFID antenna (5) to select the initial value range of height, position and angle relative to each compartment frame of the shelf (1); Step 3: Determine the coverage area index in each interlayer frame of each RFID antenna (5) radio frequency signal, the index of the radio frequency signal interference ratio between the RFID antennas (5), the balance index of the RFID antenna (5) load, and The index of the radio frequency coverage area of RFID antenna (5), RFID antenna (5) signal interference index, the index normalization processing of RFID antenna (5) load capacity; Specifically as follows: Step 3-1: Set the coverage index function of the coverage area of each RFID antenna (5) radio frequency signal in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₁ , and calculate the maximum value of the coverage index function, the calculation formula is: max f ₁ ＝N _coverage /|S _t | (1) Wherein, N _coverage is all tags covered by the radio frequency of RFID antenna (5), S _t is a matrix formed by RFID tag t, S _r is a matrix formed by RFID antenna r, |S _t | is the total number of RFID tags; The total number of RFID tags, the expression is: <mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><munder><mo>&amp;Sigma;</mo><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>&amp;Element;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>r</mi></msub></mrow></munder><msub><mi>C</mi><mi>v</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>-</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>-</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow> Among them, S _r is a matrix formed by RFID antenna r, and C _v (r) is a tag that receives a signal from RFID antenna r; The described RFID tag that receives signal from RFID antenna r, its expression is: <mrow><msub><mi>C</mi><mi>v</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mo>{</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&amp;Element;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi></msub><mo>|</mo><msub><mi>P</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&amp;GreaterEqual;</mo><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>q</mi></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>&amp;ForAll;</mo><msup><mi>r</mi><mo>&amp;prime;</mo></msup><mo>&amp;Element;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>r</mi></msub><mo>,</mo><msup><mi>r</mi><mo>&amp;prime;</mo></msup><mo>&amp;NotEqual;</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>P</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&amp;GreaterEqual;</mo><msub><mi>P</mi><mrow><msup><mi>r</mi><mo>&amp;prime;</mo></msup><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>-</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow> Among them, r is the RFID antenna in each compartment frame in the shelf (1), S _t is the matrix formed by the RFID tag t, P _r,t is the signal field strength received by the RFID tag t from the RFID antenna r; R _q Be the received energy threshold value of RFID reader-writer (2) and RFID tag communication; is any RFID antenna, r' is other antennas outside the RFID antenna r; Step 3-2: Set the index function of the radio frequency signal interference ratio between any two RFID antennas (5) in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₂ , and calculate the maximum value of the radio frequency signal interference ratio index function, and its calculation formula is: <mrow><mi>max</mi><mi></mi><msub><mi>f</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>&amp;Element;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi></msub></mrow></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>Cd</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><mo>(</mo><mrow><msub><mi>Cd</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><mi>&amp;gamma;</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>/</mo><mo>|</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi></msub><mo>|</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>-</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mo>mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow> Among them, Cd _r,t is the sum of the signal field strength of all antenna r near the tag t received, |S _t | is the total number of RFID tags, γ(t) is the interference level of the tag t interference signal; The label t interference signal conflict level γ(t), its expression is: γ(t)=∑(P _r′,t -S _m ), Cd _r,t ≥P _r′,t ≥S _m (5) Among them, P _{r', t} is the signal field strength received by RFID tag t from RFID antenna r', and S _m is the minimum energy threshold required for the tag to receive the signal; Let the ratio of the power obtained by a tag from one RFID antenna to the total power obtained by the tag from all RFID antennas be the objective function, denoted as f ₂ , and calculate the objective function. When f ₂ is equal to 1, the conflict level is considered to be optimal. At this point, the conflict level is 0; Step 3-3: Set the RFID antenna (5) radio frequency signal load balancing index function in each compartment frame, denoted as f ₃ , calculate the maximum value of the RFID antenna (5) radio frequency signal load balancing index function, and its calculation formula is : <mrow><mi>max</mi><mi></mi><msub><mi>f</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><msubsup><mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>r</mi></msub><mo>|</mo></mrow></msubsup><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>/</mo><mo>|</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi></msub><mo>|</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>l</mi><mi>n</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>/</mo><mo>|</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>t</mi></msub><mo>|</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>/</mo><mi>l</mi><mi>n</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mo>|</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mi>r</mi></msub><mo>|</mo><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>-</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>-</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow> Among them, |S _r | is the total number of RFID antenna r, |S _t | is the total number of tags t, n _i is the energy loss of antenna r _i , when the maximum value of f ₃ is 1, the load balancing level is considered to be optimal ; Step 4: Set the deployment function of the RFID antenna (5), denoted as ξ(S), and its expression is: ξ(S)=[maxf ₁ ,maxf ₂ ,maxf ₃ ] (7) Wherein, S is the deployment position parameter of RFID antenna (5), and maxf ₁ is the maximum radio frequency signal coverage index function of RFID antenna (5); maxf ₂ is the maximum interference index function of RFID antenna (5) radio frequency signal; maxf ₃ is RFID antenna ( 5) The maximum radio frequency signal load balancing index function; Step 5: judging whether the deployment function value (ξ(S _r )) of the r-th RFID antenna (5) is greater than the deployment function value ξ(S _r+1 ) of the r+1-th RFID antenna (5), If ξ(S _r )>ξ(S _r+1 ), it is determined that the deployment function value of the r-th RFID antenna (5) corresponds to the position parameter of the r-th RFID antenna deployed better than the r+1-th RFID antenna ( 5) The r+1 position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment corresponding to the deployment function value, and then judge according to the increasing order of the above positions, until the position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment corresponding to the maximum value of the RFID antenna deployment function is obtained, the corresponding The position parameter of RFID antenna deployment is the optimal position parameter of RFID antenna deployment, go to step 6, otherwise return to step 3; Step 6: According to the optimal position parameter of the RFID antenna deployment described in step 4, the RFID antenna (5), the photoelectric sensor (6) are respectively deployed on the shelf (1), the RFID reader (2) and the RFID antenna ( 5) are connected to obtain the optimal deployment position and angle of the RFID antenna (5).