CN104479703A - Method and device for generating power by gasification of domestic sludge biomass particles - Google Patents
Method and device for generating power by gasification of domestic sludge biomass particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN104479703A CN104479703A CN201410790155.XA CN201410790155A CN104479703A CN 104479703 A CN104479703 A CN 104479703A CN 201410790155 A CN201410790155 A CN 201410790155A CN 104479703 A CN104479703 A CN 104479703A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 induced draft fan Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005685 electric field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
- C10K1/028—Dust removal by electrostatic precipitation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
- F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
- F02B63/044—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators the engine-generator unit being placed on a frame or in an housing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for generating power by gasification of domestic sludge biomass particles. The device comprises a domestic sludge biomass particle gasifying device, a gas cooling device, a gas electric tar-catching device and a gas power generation device, wherein a gas outlet of a gasification furnace is communicated with a gas inlet of an air-cooled heat exchanger through a pipeline, a gas outlet of the air-cooled heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of a first-stage water-cooled heat exchanger, an outlet of the first-stage water-cooled heat exchanger is communicated with a gas inlet of an electric tar catcher, a gas outlet is formed in the upper end of the electric tar catcher and is communicated with a gas inlet of a second-stage water-cooled heat exchanger through an induced draft fan, a gas outlet of the second-stage water-cooled heat exchanger is communicated with a drop catcher and the drop catcher is communicated with a power generator set. By the device, under high temperature and anoxic conditions, the biomass particles are pyrolyzed and gasified into combustible gases such as alkane, carbon monoxide and tar and water vapor and by fully cooling and purifying the combustible gases, the combustible gases meet the power generation requirements on the low-pollution fuel gas and thus the efficient comprehensive utilization of the biomass particles is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to domestic sludge process, particularly relate to a kind of method and apparatus utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation, is the method for resource of one way of life mud after dehydrating, for the comprehensive utilization of domestic sludge.
Background technology
In sludge disposal, traditional sludge treatment main method landfill, compost, burning three kinds of technology demonstrate its defect day by day, and as landfill takies tract, composting process treatment capacity is little, efficiency is low, burning method easily produces secondary pollution, sludge treatment is really implemented difficult.
At present, commonplace way be with mud press drier by sludge press filtration to low-water-content, directly burn, be used for generating electricity or heat supply.Still but can pollute surrounding enviroment although this method is simple.Chinese utility model patent CN203794764U discloses the mummification of one way of life sludge deep and recycling integrated device, comprises sludge conveying device, sludge modification device, mechanical sludge dewatering device, sludge drying device and sludge resource gasifying device; Mechanical sludge dewatering device is plate and frame filter pressing dehydrator; Sludge drying device is heat pump; Sludge resource gasifying device comprises mixing machine and tablets press; Sludge sump is connected with the first pipeline by the first mono-pump with sludge modification tank; Sludge modification tank is connected by the second mono-pump and second pipe with plate and frame(type)filter press; Plate and frame(type)filter press is connected by the first travelling belt with heat pump, and heat pump is connected with mixing machine by the second travelling belt, and mixing machine is connected with tablets press by the 4th travelling belt.After the device process in the present invention, the water ratio of mud can control below 20%, be conducive to the volume reducing mud, save the transport that mud is follow-up, cost of disposal, but utilize the domestic sludge biological particles of this invention output, then need corresponding resources apparatus.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide one and can steadily utilize domestic sludge biological particles to generate electricity, the method and apparatus utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation that secondary pollution harm is very little.
The present invention adopts pyrolytic gasification technology that domestic sludge biological particles is put into pyrolytic gasification stove, at high temperature, under the condition of anoxic, through pyrolytic gasification reaction after a while, organic component in biological particles is made to obtain sufficient pyrolytic gasification, in pyrolytic gasification process, organic macromole state is cracked into small molecules state inflammable gas, and through air-cooled and water-cooling method, inflammable gas is cooled, use electric tar technology simultaneously, water smoke isolation technique purifies further to inflammable gas, inflammable gas is made to reach the requirement of low stain fuel gas generation, generate electricity through fuel generator, thus domestic sludge biological particles is fully utilized efficiently, pyrolytic gasification process of the present invention does not have direct gas to discharge, and the particle weight such as tar, dust that electric tar technology enters tar pool 1 from tar outlet is few, also can recycling or process further, enter the combustion gas of generating set through purifying treatment, the secondary pollution of generation is very little.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Utilize a method and apparatus for domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation, comprise domestic sludge biological particles gasification installation, gas quench system, gas electric tar device and gas power generation assembly;
Described domestic sludge biological particles gasification installation comprises chapelet, screw feeder, refiner, vapourizing furnace, gas blower and spiral discharging machine; Be provided with in described vapourizing furnace and opening or closing vapourizing furnace divided 4 for closing two-layer vapourizing furnace valve up and down, upper strata is charging layer, and lower floor is pyrolytic gasification layer; Chapelet, screw feeder are connected successively with refiner, and refiner is positioned at the upper end of charging layer, gas blower and gasification burner combustion chamber, and spiral discharging machine is connected to the bottom of pyrolytic gasification layer; The pyrolytic gasification layer top of vapourizing furnace is provided with pneumatic outlet;
Described gas quench system comprises air cooling heat exchanger, one-level water cooling heat exchanger, two-stage water-cooling interchanger, the first condensation pond, the second condensation pond, cooling tower, the first water pump, the second water pump; Gas-filtering device comprises electrical tar precipitator, induced draft fan, tar pool and drop catcher; The pneumatic outlet of vapourizing furnace is communicated with the inlet mouth of air cooling heat exchanger by pipeline, the air outlet of air cooling heat exchanger and the inlet communication of one-level water cooling heat exchanger, the outlet of one-level water cooling heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet mouth of electrical tar precipitator, the bottom of electrical tar precipitator is provided with tar outlet, tar outlet is communicated with tar pool, the upper end of electrical tar precipitator is provided with air outlet, air outlet is communicated with by the inlet mouth of induced draft fan with two-stage water-cooling interchanger, the air outlet of two-stage water-cooling interchanger is communicated with drop catcher, and drop catcher is communicated with generating set; First water pump one end connects the first condensation pond, and the other end is communicated with one-level water cooling heat exchanger top with air cooling heat exchanger respectively; Second water pump one end is communicated with the second condensation pond by pipeline, and the other end is communicated with the water-in of one-level water cooling heat exchanger with two-stage water-cooling interchanger respectively by pipeline, and one-level water cooling heat exchanger is all communicated with cooling tower with the water outlet of two-stage water-cooling interchanger.
The method utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation of application said apparatus, comprises the steps:
1) in vapourizing furnace 4, add fuel, ignition, air is sent into vapourizing furnace by gas blower, makes stove fuel Thorough combustion, controls gasification in-furnace temperature and rises to 360 DEG C ~ 440 DEG C;
2) by chapelet, screw feeder and refiner, biological particles is added the charging layer of vapourizing furnace, when feedstock quality and vapourizing furnace volumetric ratio reach 0.2 ~ 0.25t/m
3time, screw feeder quits work, and is circulated in vapourizing furnace upper strata and outside air and cut off, and open vapourizing furnace valve, under the effect of refiner, biological particles enters vapourizing furnace lower floor simultaneously;
3) biological particles in vapourizing furnace is under the condition of anoxic, and under the baking of the scorching hot combustion gas of temperature 400-450 DEG C, through pyrolytic gasification reaction in 1 ~ 1.5 hour, obtain sufficient pyrolytic gasification, in pyrolytic gasification process, organic macromole state is cracked into small molecules state, and dry distillation reactor occurs, the inflammable gas of generation alkanes, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, tar and water vapour, residuum is molten slag, and all kinds of bacteria pathogeny bacterium is killed;
4) temperature be 180 ~ 250 DEG C alkanes, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, tar and water vapour mixed gas cubic unit rice aerogenesis tolerance 200 ~ 300m
3the speed of/h is discharged from vapourizing furnace top and enters air cooling heat exchanger through pipeline, and in air cooling heat exchanger, inflammable gas and air carry out heat exchange, and after heat exchange, inflammable gas is down to 120 ~ 150 DEG C, discharges from air cooling heat exchanger outlet; If inflammable gas temperature can not reach temperature rating 120 ~ 150 DEG C, start the first water pump, the water in the first condensation pond is injected air cooling heat exchanger top, and water, along the pipeline outer wall of transporting combustible gases, flows under gravity from top to down, forces cooling; Collect the water flowed down in the first condensation pond, thus form recirculated water;
5) inflammable gas enters one-level water cooling heat exchanger through pipeline, second water pump injects the recirculated water in the second condensation pond to one-level water cooling heat exchanger circulating water pipeline, inflammable gas and recirculated water carry out heat exchange, inflammable gas is cooled to 60 ~ 90 DEG C further, when its temperature can not reach temperature rating 60 ~ 90 DEG C, start the first water pump, recirculated water in first condensation pond is injected one-level water cooling heat exchanger top, recirculated water is along the pipeline outer wall of transporting combustible gases, flow from top to down under gravity, force cooling;
6) inflammable gas enters electrical tar precipitator through pipeline, in electrical tar precipitator electric field effect under, the particle of the tar in inflammable gas, dust, water smoke with electronics in conjunction with charged, to two polar motions under the effect of electrical forces; To arrive in precipitation pole plate and after, rely on remaining electrostatic attraction and intermolecular cohesive force to be first adsorbed in receiving electrode, then fall along pole plate by self gravitation, discharged enter tar pool by tar outlet, inflammable gas realizes preliminary filtration;
7) inflammable gas in electrical tar precipitator enters two-stage water-cooling interchanger through pipeline under the effect of induced draft fan, second water pump injects the recirculated water in the second condensation pond to two-stage water-cooling interchanger circulating water pipeline, inflammable gas and recirculated water carry out heat exchange, and inflammable gas is cooled to 30 ~ 40 DEG C further;
8) recirculated water flowed through in one-level water cooling heat exchanger and two-stage water-cooling interchanger enters cooling tower, and recirculated water carries out heat exchange with air in cooling tower;
9) inflammable gas enters drop catcher through pipeline, and water smoke in inflammable gas isolated by drop catcher; Inflammable gas enters generating set generating through pipeline subsequently.
Preferably, vapourizing furnace 4 of giving per hour adds feedstock quality and vapourizing furnace volumetric ratio is 20 ~ 25kg/m
3biological particles.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. less energy consumption, cost is low.The biological particles that raw material sources are made after sludge dewatering, this raw materials cost is extremely low, and simultaneously relative to the mode of other lignin-sludge, required equipment cost expense is low;
2. advanced fed technology and efficient gasification technology is adopted, the biological particles obtained after domestic sludge process can enter vapourizing furnace continuously, be combined with each other with the mummification of the domestic sludge degree of depth and recycling integrated device, whole day uninterruptedly can process domestic sludge in 24 hours;
3. consider the cooling performance in each stage during inflammable gas cooling, adopt air-cooled and mode that is water-cooled respectively in different steps, the recirculated water simultaneously in water-cooled is recycle, thus realizes the efficiency utilization of natural resources and water resources.
4. have employed electric tar technology before gas fuel burning generating, eliminate the tar in inflammable gas, steam and dust, thus ensure that the gaseous mass required for combustion power generation, secondary pollution is simultaneously very little.
5. the organic components taken full advantage of in mud carries out gasifying electricity generation, after the treatment measures such as follow-up voltage stabilizing, can be used as daily electricity consumption, thus reduces the cost of sludge treatment, accomplishes to turn waste into wealth.
6. the waste residue after gasification is owing to experienced by high temperature, anaerobic stage, and effectively can play the effect of sterilization and disinfection, thus waste residue can safely for processing modes such as brickmaking.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation utilizing the method and apparatus of domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation.
Shown in figure: chapelet 1, screw feeder 2, refiner 3, vapourizing furnace 4, vapourizing furnace valve 4-1, gas blower 5, spiral discharging machine 6, air cooling heat exchanger 7, first water pump 8, first condensation pond 9, one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10, electrical tar precipitator 11, induced draft fan 12, tar pool 13, cooling tower 14, second water pump 15, second condensation pond 16, two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17, drop catcher 18 and generating set 19.
Embodiment
For understanding the present invention better, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limit so.
As shown in Figure 1, the gasification of one way of life sewage sludge biomass particle and power generation assembly, comprise domestic sludge biological particles gasification installation, gas quench system, gas electric tar device and gas power generation assembly.
Domestic sludge biological particles gasification installation comprises chapelet 1, screw feeder 2, refiner 3, vapourizing furnace 4, gas blower 5 and spiral discharging machine 6; Wherein, be provided with in vapourizing furnace 4 and folding vapourizing furnace can be divided 4 for closing two-layer vapourizing furnace valve 4-1 up and down, upper strata is charging layer, and lower floor is pyrolytic gasification layer; Chapelet 1, screw feeder 2 are connected successively with refiner 3, and refiner 3 is positioned at the upper end of charging layer, gas blower 5 and gasification burner combustion chamber, and spiral discharging machine 6 is connected to the bottom of pyrolytic gasification layer; The pyrolytic gasification layer top of vapourizing furnace 4 is provided with pneumatic outlet; Chapelet 1, screw feeder 2, refiner 3 are for being delivered to vapourizing furnace by biological particles, vapourizing furnace 4 is for the gasification of biological particles, gas blower 5 is for sending air into vapourizing furnace in fuel combustion and gasifying stage, and the waste residue after gasification is discharged vapourizing furnace by spiral discharging machine 6.Vapourizing furnace valve 4-1 be ensure in stove oxygen content less, vapourizing furnace 4 is reinforced adopts isolated design, vapourizing furnace is divided 4 for two-layer up and down by vapourizing furnace valve 4-1, and when screw feeder 2 adds biological particles to vapourizing furnace upper strata, vapourizing furnace valve 4-1 closes;
Gas quench system comprises air cooling heat exchanger 7, one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10, condensation pond 16, two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17, first condensation pond 9, second, cooling tower 14, first water pump 8, second water pump 15, gas-filtering device comprises electrical tar precipitator 11, induced draft fan 12, tar pool 13 and drop catcher 18, the pneumatic outlet of vapourizing furnace 4 is communicated with by the inlet mouth of pipeline with air cooling heat exchanger 7, the air outlet of air cooling heat exchanger 7 and the inlet communication of one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10, the outlet of one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 is communicated with the inlet mouth of electrical tar precipitator 11, the bottom of electrical tar precipitator 11 is provided with tar outlet, tar outlet is communicated with tar pool 13, the upper end of electrical tar precipitator 11 is provided with air outlet, air outlet is communicated with the inlet mouth of two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 by induced draft fan 12, the air outlet of two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 is communicated with drop catcher 18, drop catcher 18 is communicated with generating set 19, first water pump 8 one end connects the first condensation pond 9, and the other end is communicated with one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 top with air cooling heat exchanger 7 respectively, second water pump 15 one end is communicated with the second condensation pond 16 by pipeline, the other end is communicated with the water-in of one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 with two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 respectively by pipeline, one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 is all communicated with cooling tower 14 with the water outlet of two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17, and cooling tower 14 is communicated with the second condensation pond 16.First condensation pond 9 is positioned at the lower end of air cooling heat exchanger 7 and one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10, collects the water being retracted to air cooling heat exchanger 7 and one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 top from the first water pump 8.
Air cooling heat exchanger 7, one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10, two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 are for the cooling of inflammable gas, first water pump 8 is for when the inflammable gas temperature in air cooling heat exchanger 7 and one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 is too high, recirculated water in first condensation pond 9 is injected interchanger top, recirculated water is along the pipeline outer wall of transporting combustible gases, flow from top to down under gravity, thus play the effect of forcing cooling.Second water pump 15 is for injecting one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 and two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 by the recirculated water in the second condensation pond 16.Cooling tower 14 is for the cooling of the recirculated water after water cooling heat exchanger.
Gas-filtering device is for removing tar, dust and the water vapour etc. in inflammable gas; Electrical tar precipitator 11 working process is: the negative high voltage that high-voltage DC power supply produces, and access corona discharge electrode, produces electric field between it and receiving electrode, namely produce corona discharge after strength of electric field exceedes certain limit at negative and positive two interpolar.The gas now flowing through electric field region ionizes, and produces a large amount of ions and electronics.Charged by the electronics combination of the particles such as the tar in the inflammable gas of electric field, dust, water smoke, to two polar motions under the effect of electrical forces.Because mass of the electron is little, movement velocity is fast, and spatial distribution is wide.So mainly bear electricity particle to receiving electrode motion to arrive in receiving electrode plate and after, rely on remaining electrostatic attraction and intermolecular cohesive force to be first adsorbed in receiving electrode, then fall along pole plate by self gravitation, discharged by tar outlet and enter tar pool 13.Induced draft fan 12 is for ensureing air pressure and the concentration of gas power generation assembly inflammable gas, and drop catcher 18, by water smoke component separating too much in gas, reaches the effect removing water vapour.
Gas power generation assembly is mainly generating set 19, for the combustion power generation of inflammable gas.
Above equipment can select following model respectively: the telescopic electrical tar precipitator that electrical tar precipitator 11 can select Hubei Jing Xinda environmental protection equipment company limited to produce, and model is TD1K; Drop catcher 18 can be the drop catcher of 1420 × 4600mm by the specification that Taiyuan Zhong Lianda mechanical means company limited produces; The model that generating set 19 can select the special dynamo-electric company limited of energy of Wuxi City to produce is the generating set of 300GFLS; The model that one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 and two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 can select Taizhou City Yong Xin heat-exchange equipment manufactory to produce is GLL
7the vertical heat exchanger of-160L; The model that air cooling heat exchanger 7 can select Taizhou City Yong Xin heat-exchange equipment manufactory to produce is KL-410; The model that cooling tower 14 can select Chang Yuan cooling tower factory to produce is the cooling tower of DBNL3-30.
Utilize said apparatus domestic sludge biological particles to be carried out to the method gasifying Yu generate electricity, comprise the following steps:
1) in vapourizing furnace 4, add fuel, ignition, air is sent into vapourizing furnace by gas blower 5 simultaneously, makes stove fuel Thorough combustion, controls gasification in-furnace temperature and rises to 360 DEG C ~ 440 DEG C;
2) by chapelet 1, screw feeder 2 and refiner 3, biological particles is added the charging layer of vapourizing furnace 4, when feedstock quality and vapourizing furnace volumetric ratio reach 0.2 ~ 0.25t/m
3time, screw feeder quits work, and is circulated in vapourizing furnace upper strata and outside air and cut off, and open vapourizing furnace valve 4-1, under the effect of refiner 3, biological particles enters vapourizing furnace lower floor simultaneously; After this vapourizing furnace 4 of giving per hour adds feedstock quality and vapourizing furnace volumetric ratio is 20 ~ 25kg/m
3biological particles;
3) biological particles in vapourizing furnace 4 is under the condition of anoxic, and under the baking of the scorching hot combustion gas of temperature 400-450 DEG C, through pyrolytic gasification reaction in 1 ~ 1.5 hour, obtain sufficient pyrolytic gasification, in pyrolytic gasification process, organic macromole state is cracked into small molecules state, and dry distillation reactor occurs, the inflammable gas of generation alkanes, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, tar and water vapour, residuum is molten slag, and all kinds of bacteria pathogeny bacterium is thoroughly killed simultaneously;
4) temperature be 180 ~ 250 DEG C alkanes, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, tar and water vapour mixed gas with tolerance 800 ~ 1100m
3the speed of/h is discharged from vapourizing furnace top and enters air cooling heat exchanger 7 through pipeline, and in air cooling heat exchanger 7, inflammable gas and air carry out heat exchange, and after heat exchange, inflammable gas is down to 120 ~ 150 DEG C, exports discharge from air cooling heat exchanger 7; If inflammable gas temperature can not reach temperature rating 120 ~ 150 DEG C, start the first water pump 8, the water in the first condensation pond 9 is injected air cooling heat exchanger 7 top, and water is along the pipeline outer wall of transporting combustible gases, flow from top to down under gravity, play the effect of forcing cooling; Collect the water flowed down in the first condensation pond 9, thus form recirculated water.
5) inflammable gas enters one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 through pipeline, second water pump 15 injects the recirculated water in the second condensation pond 16 to one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 circulating water pipeline, inflammable gas and recirculated water carry out heat exchange, inflammable gas is cooled to 60 ~ 90 DEG C further, when its temperature can not reach temperature rating 60 ~ 90 DEG C, start the first water pump 8, recirculated water in first condensation pond 9 is injected one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 top, recirculated water is along the pipeline outer wall of transporting combustible gases, flow from top to down under gravity, thus play the effect of forcing cooling,
6) inflammable gas enters electrical tar precipitator 11 through pipeline, in electrical tar precipitator 11 electric field effect under, the particle of the tar in inflammable gas, dust, water smoke with electronics in conjunction with charged, to two polar motions under the effect of electrical forces; Because mass of the electron is little, movement velocity is fast, spatial distribution is wide, so mainly the particle of bear electricity moves to receiving electrode, to arrive in precipitation pole plate and after, rely on remaining electrostatic attraction and intermolecular cohesive force to be first adsorbed in receiving electrode, then fall along pole plate by self gravitation, discharged by tar outlet and enter tar pool 13, inflammable gas realizes preliminary filtration;
7) inflammable gas in electrical tar precipitator 11 enters two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 through pipeline under the effect of induced draft fan 12, second water pump 15 injects the recirculated water in the second condensation pond 16 to two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 circulating water pipeline, inflammable gas and recirculated water carry out heat exchange, and inflammable gas is cooled to 30 ~ 40 DEG C further;
8) recirculated water flowed through in one-level water cooling heat exchanger 10 and two-stage water-cooling interchanger 17 enters cooling tower 14, and recirculated water carries out heat exchange with air in cooling tower 14;
9) inflammable gas enters drop catcher 18 through pipeline, and drop catcher 18 by water smoke component separating too much in inflammable gas, and then improves the purity of inflammable gas, increases inflammable gas usefulness.
10) inflammable gas enters generating set 19 through pipeline, inner at generating set 19, and gas fuel burning produces heat energy, and drive electrical generators generates electricity.
Claims (9)
1. utilize a device for domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation, it is characterized in that, comprise domestic sludge biological particles gasification installation, gas quench system, gas electric tar device and gas power generation assembly;
Described domestic sludge biological particles gasification installation comprises chapelet, screw feeder, refiner, vapourizing furnace, gas blower and spiral discharging machine; Be provided with in described vapourizing furnace to be divided into by vapourizing furnace opening or closing and close two-layer vapourizing furnace valve up and down, upper strata is charging layer, and lower floor is pyrolytic gasification layer; Chapelet, screw feeder are connected successively with refiner, and refiner is positioned at the upper end of charging layer, gas blower and gasification burner combustion chamber, and spiral discharging machine is connected to the bottom of pyrolytic gasification layer; The pyrolytic gasification layer top of vapourizing furnace is provided with pneumatic outlet;
Described gas quench system comprises air cooling heat exchanger, one-level water cooling heat exchanger, two-stage water-cooling interchanger, the first condensation pond, the second condensation pond, cooling tower, the first water pump, the second water pump; Gas-filtering device comprises electrical tar precipitator, induced draft fan, tar pool and drop catcher; The pneumatic outlet of vapourizing furnace is communicated with the inlet mouth of air cooling heat exchanger by pipeline, the air outlet of air cooling heat exchanger and the inlet communication of one-level water cooling heat exchanger, the outlet of one-level water cooling heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet mouth of electrical tar precipitator, the bottom of electrical tar precipitator is provided with tar outlet, tar outlet is communicated with tar pool, the upper end of electrical tar precipitator is provided with air outlet, air outlet is communicated with by the inlet mouth of induced draft fan with two-stage water-cooling interchanger, the air outlet of two-stage water-cooling interchanger is communicated with drop catcher, and drop catcher is communicated with generating set; First water pump one end connects the first condensation pond, and the other end is communicated with one-level water cooling heat exchanger top with air cooling heat exchanger respectively; Second water pump one end is communicated with the second condensation pond by pipeline, and the other end is communicated with the water-in of one-level water cooling heat exchanger with two-stage water-cooling interchanger respectively by pipeline, and one-level water cooling heat exchanger is all communicated with cooling tower with the water outlet of two-stage water-cooling interchanger.
2. the device utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cooling tower is communicated with the second condensation pond.
3. the device utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first condensation pond is positioned at the lower end of air cooling heat exchanger and one-level water cooling heat exchanger.
4. the square device utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described one-level water cooling heat exchanger and two-stage water-cooling interchanger select model to be GLL
7the interchanger of-160L; Described air cooling heat exchanger selects model to be the interchanger of KL-410.
5. the device utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cooling tower selects model to be the cooling tower of DBNL3-30.
6. the device utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in catch tar device and select model to be the electrical tar precipitator of TD1K.
7. the device utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described drop catcher selects specification to be the drop catcher of 1420 × 4600mm.
8. application rights requires the method utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation of device described in any one of 1-7, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) in vapourizing furnace 4, add fuel, ignition, air is sent into vapourizing furnace by gas blower, makes stove fuel Thorough combustion, controls gasification in-furnace temperature and rises to 360 DEG C ~ 440 DEG C;
2) by chapelet, screw feeder and refiner, biological particles is added the charging layer of vapourizing furnace, when feedstock quality and vapourizing furnace volumetric ratio reach 0.2 ~ 0.25t/m
3time, screw feeder quits work, and is circulated in vapourizing furnace upper strata and outside air and cut off, and open vapourizing furnace valve, under the effect of refiner, biological particles enters vapourizing furnace lower floor simultaneously;
3) biological particles in vapourizing furnace is under the condition of anoxic, and under the baking of the scorching hot combustion gas of temperature 400-450 DEG C, through pyrolytic gasification reaction in 1 ~ 1.5 hour, obtain sufficient pyrolytic gasification, in pyrolytic gasification process, organic macromole state is cracked into small molecules state, and dry distillation reactor occurs, the inflammable gas of generation alkanes, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, tar and water vapour, residuum is molten slag, and all kinds of bacteria pathogeny bacterium is killed;
4) temperature be 180 ~ 250 DEG C alkanes, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, tar and water vapour mixed gas with cubic unit rice aerogenesis tolerance 200 ~ 300m
3the speed of/h is discharged from vapourizing furnace top and enters air cooling heat exchanger through pipeline, and in air cooling heat exchanger, inflammable gas and air carry out heat exchange, and after heat exchange, inflammable gas is down to 120 ~ 150 DEG C, discharges from air cooling heat exchanger outlet; If inflammable gas temperature can not reach temperature rating 120 ~ 150 DEG C, start the first water pump, the water in the first condensation pond is injected air cooling heat exchanger top, and water, along the pipeline outer wall of transporting combustible gases, flows under gravity from top to down, forces cooling; Collect the water flowed down in the first condensation pond, thus form recirculated water;
5) inflammable gas enters one-level water cooling heat exchanger through pipeline, second water pump injects the recirculated water in the second condensation pond to one-level water cooling heat exchanger circulating water pipeline, inflammable gas and recirculated water carry out heat exchange, inflammable gas is cooled to 60 ~ 90 DEG C further, when its temperature can not reach temperature rating 60 ~ 90 DEG C, start the first water pump, recirculated water in first condensation pond is injected one-level water cooling heat exchanger top, recirculated water is along the pipeline outer wall of transporting combustible gases, flow from top to down under gravity, force cooling;
6) inflammable gas enters electrical tar precipitator through pipeline, in electrical tar precipitator electric field effect under, the particle of the tar in inflammable gas, dust, water smoke with electronics in conjunction with charged, to two polar motions under the effect of electrical forces; To arrive in precipitation pole plate and after, rely on remaining electrostatic attraction and intermolecular cohesive force to be first adsorbed in receiving electrode, then fall along pole plate by self gravitation, discharged enter tar pool by tar outlet, inflammable gas realizes preliminary filtration;
7) inflammable gas in electrical tar precipitator enters two-stage water-cooling interchanger through pipeline under the effect of induced draft fan, second water pump injects the recirculated water in the second condensation pond to two-stage water-cooling interchanger circulating water pipeline, inflammable gas and recirculated water carry out heat exchange, and inflammable gas is cooled to 30 ~ 40 DEG C further;
8) recirculated water flowed through in one-level water cooling heat exchanger and two-stage water-cooling interchanger enters cooling tower, and recirculated water carries out heat exchange with air in cooling tower;
9) inflammable gas enters drop catcher through pipeline, and water smoke in inflammable gas isolated by drop catcher; Inflammable gas enters generating set generating through pipeline subsequently.
9. the method utilizing domestic sludge biological particles gasifying electricity generation according to claim 8, is characterized in that, per hour is 20 ~ 25kg/m to vapourizing furnace interpolation feedstock quality and vapourizing furnace volumetric ratio
3biological particles.
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