CN104403811B - Radionuclide detergent and its application method that a kind of nano inorganic material is combined with APG - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a radionuclide detergent compounded with nano-inorganic materials and alkyl glycosides and a use method thereof. The components of the detergent include: 0.5-2 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside surfactants, 0.1 parts by weight of nano-inorganic material additives ～2 parts by weight, 1～5 parts by weight of chelating agent, 1～5 parts by weight of corrosion inhibitor, 1～5 parts by weight of solubilizer, 0.1～1 part by weight of foam stabilizer, 71～94.4 parts by weight of water, in addition, it also includes 0.2-1 weight part of anionic surfactant, 0.1-0.5 weight part of dispersant, 1-5 weight part of inorganic salt electrolyte, 0.1-0.5 weight part of preservative, 0.5-2 weight part of thickener, and the The ingredients are combined and stirred at high speed to obtain a foaming detergent. The invention adopts the environmentally friendly alkyl glycoside as the foaming agent, and adds nano-inorganic materials with strong adsorption capacity and flocculation capacity at the same time. Easy to degrade, less secondary pollution, can complete defoaming, and defoaming is convenient.

Description

A kind of radionuclide detergent compounded with nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside and its Instructions

technical field

The invention relates to a radionuclide decontamination agent, in particular to a radionuclide decontamination agent compounded by nano inorganic materials and alkyl glycoside surfactants.

Background technique

The decontamination technologies of nuclear facilities mainly include chemical decontamination, mechanical decontamination, electrochemical decontamination and biological decontamination. Chemical decontamination has a large amount of waste liquid, damages the surface of the object, and takes a long time. Mechanical decontamination requires that the surface of the contaminated workpiece can be touched, and it is easy to generate airborne dust. The effect of electrochemical decontamination is better than that of chemical decontamination, but it is harmful to materials. Greater corrosion, slower biological decontamination.

The foam decontamination method produces less secondary waste, can clean blind holes, crevices and places that are generally difficult to clean, and has little corrosion to materials. However, the decontamination efficiency of existing foam decontamination agents is low, and the decontaminated foam is difficult to defoam, which has a certain impact on the subsequent treatment of nuclides in the solution, such as evaporation and filtration. In addition, acid solution can be used to defoam the foam, but the acid solution has a certain corrosive effect on the equipment, and the waste liquid is difficult to handle after decontamination, and the radionuclides in the waste liquid are difficult to separate and enrich.

Alkyl glycosides are a new generation of mild surfactants, which have the advantages of high surface activity, strong detergency, fine and rich foam, no cloud point and no gel when diluted, small irritation, easy biodegradation, and good compatibility. It has potential application value in the field of radionuclide foam detergent.

Nano-inorganic materials have the advantages of good stability, large specific surface area and surface energy, strong reproducibility, non-toxic and pollution-free, cheap and easy to obtain, etc., and nano-inorganic materials have microporous channels with a network structure inside, which can be used as an adsorbent in a short period of time. Adsorption equilibrium can be reached within a short period of time. It has good separation and enrichment effect on radionuclides, and is easy to treat waste liquid. At the same time, some nanomaterials have the effect of photocatalytic degradation of surfactants. Foam detergents can degrade and defoam under light. , has broad application prospects in the separation and enrichment of radionuclides.

Therefore, based on the excellent properties of alkyl glycosides and inorganic nanomaterials, a radionuclide foam detergent can be prepared.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a preparation method and application of a radionuclide foam detergent compounded by nano-inorganic materials and alkyl glycoside surfactants, and to realize the use of alkyl glycoside surfactants. The purpose of replacing fossil raw materials to prepare environmentally friendly surfactants, and using nano-inorganic materials to have good separation and enrichment effects on radionuclides, to solve the problem of difficult elimination of foam and difficult disposal of waste liquid after decontamination of existing foam detergents The problem.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is:

A kind of radionuclide detergent compounded with nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside, the composition of described detergent comprises:

0.5-2 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside surfactant, 0.1-2 parts by weight of nano inorganic material additive, 1-5 parts by weight of chelating agent, 1-5 parts by weight of corrosion inhibitor, 1-5 parts by weight of solubilizer, foam stabilizer 0.1 to 1 part by weight, and 71 to 94.4 parts by weight of water.

Preferably, the alkyl glycoside is one of the alkyl glycosides with 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; The critical micelle concentration CMC of the alkyl glycoside whose number is 8 is 0.6g/L, the surface tension is 39.0mN/m, and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.8; The critical micelle concentration CMC is 0.4g/L, the surface tension is 30.7mN/m, and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 14.4; the critical micelle concentration CMC of the alkyl glycoside with 12 alkyl carbon atoms is 0.06g /L, the surface tension is 28mN/m, and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.4.

Preferably, the nano-inorganic material additive is one or a combination of nano-TiO ₂ , ZnO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , SiO ₂ , and nano-bentonite.

Preferably, the chelating agent is one of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium citrate, and disodium edetate.

Preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is one of sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, triethanolamine, and sodium petroleum sulfonate.

Preferably, the solubilizer is one of urea, polyethylene glycol, and sodium p-toluenesulfonate.

Preferably, the foam stabilizer is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, coconut oil diethanolamide, and sodium alginate.

Preferably, the composition of the detergent also includes:

0.2 to 1 parts by weight of anionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant being one of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate;

0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a dispersant, the dispersant being one of sodium polycarboxylate, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium polyacrylate;

1-5 parts by weight of inorganic salt electrolyte, the inorganic salt electrolyte is one of NaCl, NH ₄ Cl and Na ₂ SO ₄ .

0.1-0.5 parts by weight of preservative, and the preservative is one of phenol, formaldehyde and paraben.

0.5-2 parts by weight of the thickener, the thickener is konjac glucomannan.

Preferably, the thickener konjac glucomannan must be purified during use, and the purification method is: adding 10-30 parts by weight of crude konjac glucomannan to 80-120 parts by weight with a volume ratio of 1 : 1 in the mixture of diethyl ether and absolute ethanol, heated to 40-70°C in a water bath, refluxed for 10-20min, filtered the mixture, then added the filter residue to 800-1200 parts by weight of water, added 1mol/L hydrochloric acid, adjusted pH to 4.5-5, then heated to 85-90°C, stirred and reacted for 1.5h, filtered the reaction solution, washed the obtained filter residue with absolute ethanol three times, then dehydrated with acetone, dried at 60-80°C to obtain pure konjac Glucomannan.

Preferably, the method of using the radionuclide detergent compounded with nano-inorganic materials and alkyl glycosides is as follows: mix the components of the weight parts and stir at a high speed to obtain a foam detergent, and then mix the Spray the foam detergent on the surface contaminated by radionuclides, cover the contaminated surface, let it stand for 1 to 10 minutes, then remove the foam detergent with air blast or suction device, collect it in the waste liquid bucket, and dispose of the waste The foam remover in the liquid bucket is placed under light for 2h to 5h to make the foam disappear.

The present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect:

(1) The alkyl glucoside used in the present invention is synthesized by renewable resource natural fatty alcohol and glucose, is a kind of novel nonionic surfactant with comprehensive performance, has high surface activity, good ecological safety and compatibility , is the internationally recognized first-choice "green" functional surfactant, the alkyl glycoside is biodegradable, and its degradation is rapid and complete, avoiding the secondary pollution caused by the surfactant after decontamination, friendly to the environment, and realizing Renewable biomass resources replace fossil raw materials for the purpose of preparing environmentally friendly surfactants.

(2) In the radionuclide detergent prepared in the present invention, nano-inorganic materials have been added, and nano-inorganic materials have advantages such as good stability, strong reproducibility, non-toxic and pollution-free, cheap and easy to obtain, and are used in radionuclide removal. In the pollution agent, nano-inorganic materials can form a stable fluid through the dispersion of surfactants, and use their strong adsorption and flocculation capabilities to absorb radionuclides, effectively remove radionuclides in waste liquids, and improve The decontamination rate of the detergent, the radionuclides enriched in the waste liquid can be removed by filtration, making the waste liquid easier to handle, and some nanomaterials (such as: TiO ₂ , ZnO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , etc.) have the effect of photocatalytic degradation of surfactants. Foam decontamination agents can complete defoaming after 2h to 5h of light. At the same time, after defoaming, the waste liquid is stirred again and no foam is produced. Greater practical value and broad application prospects;

(3) Remove the radioactive pollutants on the solid surface in the form of foam in the present invention, greatly reduce the amount of waste liquid compared to the traditional decontamination, the amount of waste liquid is only 10% of pickling, the preparation method of detergent is simple, and it is easy to remove The use of the detergent is by spraying, wiping or soaking on the polluted surface. The operation is simple, and the decontamination time is fast, only 1-10min. After decontamination, the radionuclide is adsorbed on the nano inorganic material, and the radionuclide can be recycled and reused. The invention has simple process and low cost, and the removal rate of the nuclide pollutant reaches more than 80%.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the decontamination effect diagram of the radionuclide decontamination agent of the present invention by adding different concentrations of nano-TiO ₂ to the surface contaminated by uranium U(VI).

detailed description:

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the description.

A kind of radionuclide detergent compounded with nano inorganic material and alkyl glycoside, the composition of described detergent comprises:

0.5-2 parts by weight of alkyl glycoside surfactant, 0.1-2 parts by weight of nano inorganic material additive, 1-5 parts by weight of chelating agent, 1-5 parts by weight of corrosion inhibitor, 1-5 parts by weight of solubilizer, foam stabilizer 0.1 to 1 part by weight, and 71 to 94.4 parts by weight of water.

It is worth noting that:

The alkyl glucoside adopted in the present invention is the alkyl glycoside that the number of alkyl carbon atoms is 8, the number of alkyl carbon atoms is 10, and the number of alkyl carbon atoms is 12. The foam detergent obtained by compounding with other additives has excellent performance, and the foam produced is fine and rich, thick and stable, which is beneficial to the decontamination of the surface contaminated by radionuclides.

The preferred nano-inorganic material additive in the present invention is one or a combination of nano-TiO ₂ , ZnO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , SiO ₂ , and nano-bentonite. Nano-inorganic materials can form a stable fluid through the dispersion of surfactants. Using their strong adsorption and flocculation capabilities, they can absorb radionuclides, effectively remove radionuclides in waste liquids, and improve the removal efficiency of detergents. Pollution rate, the radionuclides enriched in the waste liquid can be removed by filtration, making the waste liquid easier to handle, especially some nanomaterials (such as: TiO ₂ , ZnO, Fe ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₃ O ₄ , etc.) The effect of photocatalytic degradation of surfactants, after the foam is decontaminated, it is collected in a waste liquid bucket, and the foam is placed under light conditions for 2h to 5h, the surfactant can be completely degraded and defoamed.

Preferred chelating agent among the present invention is a kind of in sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium citrate, disodium edetate. The use of such chelating agents can significantly improve the cleaning and decontamination capabilities of surfactants.

The preferred corrosion inhibitor of the present invention is one of sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, triethanolamine and sodium petroleum sulfonate. Corrosion inhibitors can form a protective layer on the surface of objects, especially the surfaces of some sensitive instruments and precision instruments for decontamination treatment, to prevent them from being corroded.

The preferred solubilizer of the present invention is one of urea, polyethylene glycol, and sodium p-toluenesulfonate. Solubilizers can increase the solubility of the various components of the detergent, which will facilitate the formation of foam and can improve the transparency of the detergent.

The preferred foam stabilizer of the present invention is one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, coconut oil diethanolamide and sodium alginate. The use of a foam stabilizer will improve the stability of the detergent foam, prolong the half-life of the foam burst, and then increase the decontamination rate of the detergent.

The composition of preferred detergent of the present invention also comprises:

0.2 to 1 parts by weight of anionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant is one of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, the anionic surfactant Compounding with alkyl glycoside surfactants can significantly improve the surface activity of surfactants;

0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a dispersant, the dispersant is one of sodium polycarboxylate, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium polyacrylate, the dispersant can prevent the sedimentation and aggregation of nano inorganic materials;

1-5 parts by weight of inorganic salt electrolyte, the inorganic salt electrolyte is one of NaCl, NH ₄ Cl, Na ₂ SO ₄ , the addition of inorganic salt electrolyte can promote the formation of micelles of surfactants and reduce the critical micelle concentration , thereby increasing the surface activity of the surfactant;

0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of preservative, the preservative is one of phenol, formaldehyde, and paraben, and the preservative can inhibit the growth of bacteria and prevent the decontamination of the detergent;

0.5 to 2 parts by weight of a thickener, the thickener is konjac glucomannan, the thickener can stabilize the detergent without delamination, increase the foam stability, thereby increasing the decontamination effect, wherein the used konjac Glucomannan needs to be purified. After purification, its thickening property is better, and other impurities are avoided from being mixed into the detergent, so as not to affect the effect of decontamination. The preferred purification method is: 30 parts by weight of crude Konjac glucomannan was added to 120 parts by weight of a mixture of ether and absolute ethanol with a volume ratio of 1:1, heated in a water bath to 60°C, refluxed for 20 minutes, the mixture was filtered, and then the filter residue was added to 1200 parts by weight of water. Add 1mol/L hydrochloric acid, adjust the pH to 5, then heat to 85°C, stir and react for 1.5h, filter the reaction solution, wash the obtained filter residue with absolute ethanol three times, then dehydrate with acetone, and dry at 80°C to obtain Pure Konjac Glucomannan.

The method of using the radionuclide foam detergent of the present invention is: take the components of the weight parts and mix them at high speed to obtain the foam detergent, then spray and wipe the foam detergent on the Cover the surface contaminated by radionuclide. The contaminated surface can be painted metal, glass or ceramic surface, let it stand for 1-10 minutes, and then remove the foam detergent with blower or suction device, and collect it in In the waste liquid bucket, place the foam remover in the waste liquid bucket under light for 2h to 5h to make the foam disappear, and then filter the waste liquid to remove radionuclides.

Fig. 1 is the nano-TiO that adds different concentrations in the radionuclide decontamination agent of the present invention ₂ to the decontamination effect figure of uranium U (Ⅵ) polluted surface, as can be seen from the figure along with nano-TiO ₂ increase of adding amount , the decontamination rate increases gradually.

Example 1:

Get 0.5 parts by weight of alkyl glycosides with alkyl carbon atoms of 10, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-TiO ₂ , 5 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 1 part by weight of sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of urea, and 0.2 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethylcellulose , 0.2 parts by weight of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of sodium polycarboxylate, 1 part by weight of NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan, and 85.9 parts by weight of water mixed uniformly to obtain Foaming detergent solution.

Stir the obtained solution at 3000r/min to obtain a stable foam, spray the foam on the surface of the contaminated paint, let it stand for 5 minutes, and blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with a blower device for subsequent treatment.

Put the foam in the waste liquid bucket under light conditions for 2 hours, the foam disappears, the waste liquid is stirred at 3000r/min without foam, and the waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclides.

Example 2:

Get 1 weight part of alkyl glucoside with alkyl carbon number of 10, 0.5 weight part of nano Fe ₂ O ₃ , 5 weight parts of sodium citrate, 1 weight part of sodium carbonate, 5 weight parts of urea, 0.3 weight part of carboxymethyl fiber Sodium plain, 0.2 parts by weight sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.4 parts by weight sodium polycarboxylate, 1 part by weight NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight phenol, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan, 85 parts by weight of water mixed A foamy detergent solution was obtained uniformly.

Stir the obtained solution at 3000r/min to obtain a stable foam, spray the foam on the surface of the contaminated paint, let it stand for 8 minutes, and blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with a blower device for subsequent treatment.

Put the foam in the waste liquid barrel under light conditions for 3 hours, the foam disappears, the waste liquid is stirred at 3000r/min without foam, and the waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclides.

Example 3:

Get 1.5 parts by weight of alkyl glucoside with alkyl carbon number of 10, 1 part by weight of nano ZnO, 5 parts by weight of disodium edetate, 3 parts by weight of sodium carbonate, 5 parts by weight of urea, 0.4 parts by weight of carboxymethyl Sodium cellulose, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of sodium polycarboxylate, 1 part by weight of NH ₄ Cl, 0.1 parts by weight of paraben, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan , 84.2 parts by weight of water were uniformly mixed to obtain a foam detergent solution.

Stir the obtained solution at 3000r/min to obtain a stable foam, spray the foam on the surface of the contaminated paint, let it stand for 5 minutes, and blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with a blower device for subsequent treatment.

Put the foam in the waste liquid barrel under the light condition for 5 hours, the foam disappears, the waste liquid is stirred at 3000r/min without foam, and the waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclides.

Example 4:

Get 2 parts by weight of alkyl glycosides with an alkyl carbon number of 8, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-TiO ₂ , 5 parts by weight of disodium edetate, 5 parts by weight of triethanolamine, 5 parts by weight of sodium p-toluenesulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of Parts by weight of sodium alginate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, 0.1 part by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 1 part by weight of NH ₄ Cl, 0.1 part by weight of paraben, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan, 83.5 parts by weight of water were uniformly mixed to obtain a foam detergent solution.

Stir the obtained solution at 3000r/min to obtain a stable foam, spray the foam on the surface of the contaminated lacquered glass, let it stand for 10 minutes, and blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with a blower device for subsequent treatment.

Put the foam in the waste liquid barrel under the light condition for 5 hours, the foam disappears, the waste liquid is stirred at 3000r/min without foam, and the waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclides.

Example 5:

Get 1.5 parts by weight of alkyl glycosides with alkyl carbon atoms of 10, 1 parts by weight of nanometer Fe ₃ O ₄ , 3 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5 parts by weight of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2 parts by weight of sodium p-toluenesulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of sodium alginate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 2 parts by weight of NH ₄ Cl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan, 84.5 parts by weight Parts of water are mixed evenly to obtain a foam detergent solution.

Stir the obtained solution at 3000r/min to obtain a stable foam, spray the foam on the surface of the contaminated paint, let it stand for 5 minutes, and blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with a blower device for subsequent treatment.

Put the foam in the waste liquid bucket under light conditions for 2 hours, the foam disappears, the waste liquid is stirred at 3000r/min without foam, and the waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclides.

Embodiment 6:

Get 2 parts by weight of alkyl glycosides with alkyl carbon atoms of 10, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-TiO ₂ , 0.5 parts by weight of nano-bentonite, 5 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, 2 parts by weight of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 5 parts by weight of p-toluene Sodium sulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of coconut oil diethanolamide, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 1 part by weight of NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan Sugar and 82.9 parts by weight of water were uniformly mixed to obtain a foam detergent solution.

Stir the obtained solution at 3000r/min to obtain a stable foam, spray the foam on the surface of the contaminated paint, let it stand for 5 minutes, and blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with a blower device for subsequent treatment.

Put the foam in the waste liquid barrel under light conditions for 3 hours, the foam disappears, the waste liquid is stirred at 3000r/min without foam, and the waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclides.

Embodiment 7:

Get 0.5 parts by weight of alkyl glycosides with 12 alkyl carbon atoms, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-ZnO, 0.5 parts by weight of nano-bentonite, 5 parts by weight of sodium citrate, 5 parts by weight of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 2 parts by weight of urea, 0.2 parts by weight of Parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.2 parts by weight of alpha-olefin sulfonate sodium, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 1 part by weight of NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of parabens, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan, 82.9 parts by weight of water were uniformly mixed to obtain a foam detergent solution.

Stir the obtained solution at 3000r/min to obtain a stable foam, spray the foam on the surface of the contaminated ceramics, let it stand for 5 minutes, and blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with a blower device for subsequent treatment.

Put the foam in the waste liquid bucket under light conditions for 2 hours, the foam disappears, the waste liquid is stirred at 3000r/min without foam, and the waste liquid is filtered to remove radionuclides.

The above Examples 1-7 are the methods provided by the present invention for preparing detergents using different raw materials and different reagents in different proportions, and then the detergents prepared in Examples 8-12 and Comparative Example 13 contain Specific research on the decontamination test of uranium U(VI) pollutants on painted metal plates:

Embodiment 8～12:

The following table adds nanometer TiO ₂ and the amount of water for embodiment 8～12,

Get 2 parts by weight of alkyl glucosides with an alkyl carbon number of 10, add respectively nano TiO ₂ , 5 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, 2 parts by weight of petroleum sodium sulfonate, 5 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonate NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of coconut oil diethanolamide, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 1 part by weight of NaCl, 0.1 parts by weight of phenol, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan Mix well to obtain a foaming detergent solution. The resulting solution was stirred at 3000 r/min to obtain a stable foam.

Comparative example 13:

Get 2 parts by weight of alkyl glycosides with 10 alkyl carbon atoms, 5 parts by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, 2 parts by weight of sodium petroleum sulfonate, 5 parts by weight of sodium p-toluenesulfonate, 0.1 parts by weight of coconut oil diethanolamide, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium α-olefin sulfonate, 0.2 parts by weight of sodium polyacrylate, 1 part by weight of NaCl, 0.1 part by weight of phenol, 0.5 parts by weight of purified konjac glucomannan, and 83.9 parts by weight of water are mixed uniformly to obtain a foam detergent solution, the resulting solution was stirred at 3000r/min to obtain a stable foam.

Utilize the prepared detergent of embodiment 8～12 and comparative example 13 to carry out decontamination experimental research:

Decontamination of U(VI)-contaminated painted metal plates: Take six parts of 2mL 5000mg/L UO ₂ (NO ₃ ) ₂ solution and atomize and spray them on 10cm×10cm painted metal plates, air dry naturally to get the polluted lacquered metal panels. Decontamination: Spray a certain thickness of the foam detergent prepared in Examples 8 to 12 and Comparative Example 13 on six contaminated sample plates respectively, let it stand for 5 minutes, and blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with an air blowing device to wait Subsequent processing.

Use the FJ2207 α, β surface contamination measuring instrument to test the radioactivity of the painted metal plate before and after contamination. Calculate the radioactivity AS per unit area with Bq/cm ² as the unit, and calculate the decontamination rate η according to (1).

η is the decontamination rate; A _o is the radioactivity of the original contamination; A _d is the radioactivity of the coating after decontamination.

Result as shown in Figure 1, comparative example 13 does not add nano-TiO ₂ , and its decontamination rate on the metal plate of the varnish is only 88%, along with the increase of nano-TiO ₂ addition in Examples 8～12, the decontamination rate With the increase, it shows that the addition of nano-TiO ₂ has played a great role in the removal of radionuclides.

Simultaneously, after the foam decontamination agent finishes decontamination, blow the foam into the waste liquid bucket with a blower blowing device, place the foam in the waste liquid bucket under light conditions for 5 hours, and the foam in Examples 8-12 disappears , and the waste liquid is stirred at 3000r/min and no foam is produced, and the foam in Example 13 will disappear partly over time under light conditions, but if the waste liquid continues to stir at 3000r/min, it will still There will be a lot of foam, which shows that nano-TiO ₂ has the function of photocatalytic degradation of surfactant, and the foam detergent can complete defoaming under light. At the same time, after defoaming, stir the waste liquid again and no foam will be generated.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the use listed in the specification and implementation, it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, and it can be easily understood by those skilled in the art Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific details and examples shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material is combined with APG, it is characterised in that the detergent Composition include：

The weight portion of alkyl glucoside surfactant 0.5~2, the weight portion of nano inorganic material additive 0.1~2, chelating agent 1~5 Weight portion, the weight portion of corrosion inhibiter 1~5, the weight portion of solubilizer 1~5, the weight portion of foam stabilizer 0.1~1, the weight portion of water 71~94.4, The weight portion of anion surfactant 0.2~1, the weight portion of dispersant 0.1~0.5, the weight portion of inorganic salt electrolyte 1~5, anti-corrosion The weight portion of agent 0.1~0.5, the weight portion of thickener 0.5~2；

Wherein, the corrosion inhibiter is the one kind in sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate, triethanolamine, petroleum sodium sulfonate；The solubilizer is urine One kind in element, paratoluenesulfonic acid sodium salt；

The APG is the APG that atomic number of alkyl carbon is 8, and its critical micelle concentration CMC is 0.6g/L, surface Power is 39.0mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.8；

The nano inorganic material additive is nano-TiO₂、ZnO、Fe₂O₃、Fe₃O₄、SiO₂, one kind in nano-bentonite or Two kinds of combination.

2. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 1 is combined with APG, its feature Be, by the APG that the atomic number of alkyl carbon is 8 replace with atomic number of alkyl carbon for 10 or atomic number of alkyl carbon be 12 APG；Wherein, the atomic number of alkyl carbon is that the critical micelle concentration CMC of 10 APG is 0.4g/L, surface Tension force is 30.7mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 14.4；The atomic number of alkyl carbon is the critical glue of 12 APG Beam concentration C MC is 0.06g/L, and surface tension is 28mN/m, and hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance value HLB is 13.4.

3. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 1 is combined with APG, its feature It is that the chelating agent is the one kind in sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium citrate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.

4. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 1 is combined with APG, its feature It is that the foam stabilizer is the one kind in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, cocounut oil diglycollic amide, sodium alginate.

5. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 1 is combined with APG, its feature It is that the anion surfactant is alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, DBSA One kind in sodium；The dispersant is the one kind in polycarboxylic acids sodium, calgon, Sodium Polyacrylate；The inorganic salts electrolysis Matter is NaCl, NH₄Cl、Na₂SO₄In one kind；The preservative is the one kind in phenol, formaldehyde, nipagin esters；The thickening Agent is konjaku glucomannan.

6. the radionuclide detergent that nano inorganic material according to claim 5 is combined with APG, its feature It is that the thickener konjaku glucomannan must carry out purification process when in use, its purification process is：By 10~30 weight portions It is 1 that thick konjaku glucomannan is added to 80~120 weight portion volume ratios：In 1 ether and the mixed liquor of absolute ethyl alcohol, water-bath adds Heat to 40~70 DEG C, flow back 10~20min, mixed liquor is filtered, then by filter residue add 800~1200 weight portion water in, plus Enter the hydrochloric acid of 1mol/L, pH is to 4.5~5 for regulation, is then heated to 85~90 DEG C, and stirring reaction 1.5h, by reacting liquid filtering, is obtained The filter residue for arriving absolute ethanol washing 3 times, is then dehydrated with acetone, and pure konjaku glucomannan is dried to obtain at 60~80 DEG C.

7. the radionuclide decontamination that the nano inorganic material according to any one of claim 1~6 is combined with APG The application method of agent, it is characterised in that high-speed stirred obtains foam decontaminating agent after taking each composition mixing of the weight portion, then Foam decontaminating agent is sprayed in by the surface of radionuclide contamination by described, contaminated surface is covered, stand 1~10min, so Foam decontaminating agent is removed with air blast or aspirator afterwards, is collected in waste liquid barrel, the foam decontaminating agent in waste liquid barrel is placed in 2h~5h under illumination condition, makes lather collapse.