CN104306847A - 一种六味补气胶囊及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种六味补气胶囊及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种六味补气胶囊,其成分包括:生晒参、炙黄芪、益智仁、玉竹、陈皮、肉桂,具体配方由以下重量份的原料药制成的药剂:生晒参5-15份、炙黄芪10-20份、益智仁1-10份、玉竹5-15份、陈皮1-10份、肉桂1-10份。其制备工艺包括如下步骤,1)将生晒参铺平在烘盘中,放入烘箱,控制温度为25-80℃,干燥、粉碎细粉备用;2)粗粉与炙黄芪、益智仁、玉竹、陈皮、肉桂加水煎煮提取三次。3)吸取煎煮药液的上清液,减压浓缩收膏,真空干燥,干浸膏粉碎,加入上生晒参细粉及适量糊精,用80%乙醇制粒,干燥,整粒,灭菌,充填,外包,送检,入库。本发明配伍合理,给药简单、方便,而且本发明提取方法科学合理,药效稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及补气的中医药领域,具体为一种六味补气胶囊及其制备工艺。
背景技术
目前,治疗各种细菌发炎西医以抗菌消炎治疗,多缠绵难愈,是因为忽略了该病病机。此症若气血盛,则外感六邪淫毒或情志内伤也未必发病,反之则易发病。益气血旺而外邪不能感,气血衰而内正不能拒。明确指出了气血旺盛,则不易受感染而发病。此外,气血盛衰直接关系外科疾病发起,破溃,收口等,对整个病程长短有一定影响。如气虚则难于起发,血少则难于生肌收口。因此补气血、助恢复尤为重要。目前尚无治疗疮疡溃脓的专用中药,其往往都是中医大夫根据患者病情开出药方,并采用传统方法煎服,工艺简单,技术落后,药物效果难以保证。
现在,中国专利补气益血胶囊(公布号CN102266423A),本发明以黄芪、人参、白术、茯苓、熟地黄、白芍、当归、金银花、川芎、炙甘草为原料药,经干燥、粉碎成细粉,过筛、混匀等工常规工艺制得;以及中国专利一种中药补气养身胶囊(公布号CN103845570A),采用以下技术配方与生产方法,其特征在于:黄芪20克,山药20克,何首乌20克,党参5克,炙甘草2.5克,熟地7.5克,白芍5克,当归7.5克,川芎3克,单味采用超临界萃取工艺方法提取浓缩浸膏,干燥,打粉,拌均匀杀菌,装入胶囊包装即成成品。此两种药剂不仅配伍复杂,而且药物有效成分提取工艺不科学,药效不稳定,不易被患者所接受。
发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题在于提供一种六味补气胶囊及其制备工艺,以解决上述背景技术中的问题。
本发明所解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现:一种六味补气胶囊,其成分包括:生晒参、炙黄芪、益智仁、玉竹、陈皮、肉桂,具体配方由以下重量份的原料药制成的药剂:生晒参5-15份、炙黄芪10-20份、益智仁1-10份、玉竹5-15份、陈皮1-10份、肉桂1-10份。
各组分的优选重量份数为:
生晒参10份、炙黄芪15份、益智仁6份、玉竹10份、陈皮6份、肉桂3份。
各组分的优选重量份数为:
生晒参5份、炙黄芪10份、益智仁1份、玉竹5份、陈皮1份、肉桂1份。
各组分的优选重量份数为:
生晒参15份、炙黄芪20份、益智仁10份、玉竹15份、陈皮10份、肉桂10份。
本发明所用到的原料药可从普通中药店购买得到,其规格符合国家中药材标准即可。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种制备本发明中药药剂的方法,包括如下步骤,
1)按处方所述重量份数称取各味原料药;
2)将生晒参铺平在烘盘中,放入烘箱,控制温度为25-80℃,干燥、粉碎细粉备用;
3)粗粉与炙黄芪、益智仁、玉竹、陈皮、肉桂加水煎煮提取三次。第一次加重量比10倍量水,煎煮1.5小时;第二、三次加重量比8倍量水,煎煮1.0小时,合并提取液滤过,静置48小时。
4)吸取煎煮药液的上清液,减压浓缩收膏,真空干燥,干浸膏粉碎,加入上生晒参细粉及适量糊精,用80%乙醇制粒,干燥,整粒,灭菌,充填,外包,送检,入库。
所述步骤3中干燥温度为25-80℃。
1、药理分析:本发明是发明人根据自己多年的行医经验,结合祖国中医学精髓辩证组方而得,通过药物的归经作用调理机体阴阳平衡,扶正固本、改善久病耗气,肺气亏虚,卫外失职,水液运行失常,成痰成喘,肾不纳气、肾气亏虚,则腰酸耳鸣,动则气喘等症状,从而达到彻底治愈的目的。
生晒参:别名人参,味甘、微苦,性温,滋补,安神,宁心,主治心悸征忡,久病体虚,心衰,气短喘促,口渴多汗,唇厥,面色苍白,大汗肢冷,呼吸微弱,脾胃久虚,精华内耗,呕吐泄泻。人参中含有13种以上皂苷,其总皂苷称为人参皂苷RX(ginsenosideRX),单体有人参皂苷Ro、Ra、Rb1……等。皂苷是人参生物活性的基本物质,此外尚含有多种氨基酸、糖类、β-榄香烯、人参炔醇、人参酸、维生素、黄酮类等成分。人参可使家兔红细胞、白细胞和血红蛋白增加,白细胞中以单核细胞增加较多。可减轻辐射对造血系统的损伤,能增强机体对有害刺激的防御能力,对物理、化学、生物等各种有害刺激有非特异的抵抗能力,此外还有强心、调节血压、调节糖和物质代谢、抗疲劳、抗衰老等作用。
炙黄芪:性味:甘,微温,归肺、脾、肝、肾经,主治黄芪有补气固表、止汗脱毒、生肌、利尿、退肿之功效。用于治疗气虚乏力,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛,血虚萎黄,内热消渴,慢性肾炎,蛋白尿,糖尿病等。炙黄芪益气补中,生用固表托疮。
益智仁:味辛;性温,归脾;肾经,温脾止泻摄涎;暖肾缩尿固精,温里药,主治脾胃虚寒;呕吐;泄泻;腹中冷育;口多唾涎;肾虚遗尿;尿频;遗精;白浊。《纲目》:益智,行阳退阴之药也。三焦、命门气弱者宜之。接杨士源《直指方》云:心看脾之母,进食,不止于和脾,火能生士,当使心药入脾胃药中,庶几相得。故古人进食药中,多用益智,土中益火也。
玉竹:甘;平,归肺;胃经,滋阴润肺;养胃生津,补益药;润燥药,主治燥咳;劳嗽;热病阴液耗伤之咽干口渴;内热消渴;阴虚外感;头昏眩晕;筋脉挛痛。《纲目》:萎蕤,性平,味甘,柔润可食。故朱肱《南阳活人书》治风温自汗身重,语言难出,用萎蕤汤以之为君药。予每用治虚劳寒热及一切不足之症,用代参、耆,不寒不燥,大有殊功。不止于去风热湿毒而已,此昔人所未阐者也。主风温自汗灼热,及劳疟寒热,脾胃虚乏,男子小便频数,失精,一切虚损。
陈皮:性温,味苦、辛,主治理气健脾.燥湿化痰。用于胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。含橙皮苷(hesperdin),川陈皮素(nobiletin),新橙皮苷(neohesperidin),柠檬蒎(limonene),α-、β-蒎烯(α-,β-pinene)等。橙皮苷可抑制实验性胃溃疡,降低毛细血管通透性,因此具有调整肠胃功能以及抗炎作用;陈皮挥发油具有祛痰、平喘、促进消化液分泌和排除肠内积气等作用。此外还有扩张冠状动脉、降低血压和利胆等作用。
肉桂:辛;甘;热,归肾;脾;心;肝经,补火助阳;引火归源;散寒止痛;温经通脉,止痛药;助阳药,主治肾阳不足;命门火畏寒肢冷;腰膝酸软;阳痿遗精;小便不利或频数;短气喘促;浮肿尿少诸证;命门火衰;火不归源;戴阳;格阳;及上热下寒;面赤足冷;头晕耳鸣;口舌糜破;脾肾虚寒;脘腹冷痛;食减便溏;www.med126.com肾虚腰痛;寒湿痹痛;寒疝疼痛;宫冷不孕;痛经经闭;产后瘀滞腹痛;阴疽流注;或虚寒痈疡脓成不溃;或溃后不敛。《本经》:主上气咳逆,结气喉痹吐吸,利关节,补中益气。《别录》:主心痛,胁风,胁痛,温筋,通脉,止烦、出汗。主温中,利肝肺气,心腹寒热、冷疾,霍乱转筋,头痛,腰痛,止唾,咳嗽,鼻能;能堕胎,坚骨节,通血脉,理疏不足;宣导百药,无所畏。
本发明在中药材选择和配伍上符合中医辨证理论,其中,补气药辅以温阳以助补气之功,补气伍以理气以期补而不滞。肺为娇脏,佐以养阴以使温而不燥,健脾以期培土生金,补肾以期肺肾同补。两方合用,共奏益气化痰、止咳平喘之功,治疗效果显著,且无毒副作用,达到了中药配伍中相辅相成的目的。
2、用法与用量:
本发明药物的用药量取决于病人的年龄、体重、健康状况等因数。使用指导:每次口服3-4颗胶囊,每天2次。
3、本发明组合物进行了大量的动物急性毒性试验、动物长期毒性试验以及治疗疾病的大量临床试验,对该药投入治疗疾病的使用环节提供了科学而客观的依据。其试验方法和试验结果分别如下:
1)对本发明制备的颗粒剂进行动物急性毒性试验:
药物:本发明所用到的原料药从普通中药店购买得到,其规格符合国家中药材标准。
试验动物:小白鼠,体重在50g左右,雌雄随机选择,由市场购买。
方法和结果:取小白鼠10只,按每只每天服用8克,连续喂服7天,小鼠活动正常,无毒性反应,无死亡。表明药剂无急性毒性,临床用药剂量安全。
2)对本发明制备的汤剂进行动物长期毒性试验:
试验动物:大白鼠,体重在120-130g,雌雄随机选择,由市场购买。
方法和结果:取大白鼠20只,分成2组,每组10只,其中第1组作为给药组,按每只每天服用5克,第2组喂服相同重量的普通食物为对照组,对比观察90天,测体重,于最后一次给药后24小时断头处死,测血、尿常规、肝功能、肾功能,取心、肾等内脏,观察组织形态的变化,观察剂量的作用,观察饮食、活动的变化,实验证明给药组与对照组比较无显著变化,均无毒性反应,是一种安全的药物。
4、诊断标准
1)临床诊断:具有咳嗽,咳痰色白,喘息气短,动则加重,神疲乏力,腰酸耳鸣,舌质淡苔白,脉沉、弱或滑临床症状。
2)为了验证临床疗效,本组方在安徽中医药大学第一附属医院进行试用,随机选取其中50例病人。
3)治疗方法:按照本发明药物比例制成0.4克的胶囊,每次服用3-4颗胶囊,每天2次。
4)疗效判定:
痊愈:气虚临床症状完全改善;
显效:气虚临床症状显著改善;
有效:气虚临床它症状有改变,偶有不适,能接受;
无效:治疗后症状、体征与治疗前相比无任何改变;
具体治疗结果参见表1。
表1
| 例数 | 痊愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 有效率(%) |
| 50 | 17 | 28 | 3 | 2 | 96 |
5、注意事项:
1.饮食宜清淡,忌酒及辛辣、生冷、油腻食物。
2.严格按用法用量服用。
3.对该药品及酒精过敏者禁用,过敏体质者慎用。
4.该药品性状发生改变时禁止使用。
5.请将该药品放在儿童不能接触的地方。
6.如正在使用其他药品,使用该药品前请咨询医师或药师。
与已公开技术相比,本发明存在以下优点:本发明配伍合理,给药简单、方便,而且本发明提取方法科学合理,药效稳定。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的技术手段、创作特征、工作流程、使用方法达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
取生晒参10克将生晒参铺平在烘盘中,放入烘箱,控制温度为80℃,干燥、粉碎细粉备用;粗粉中加入炙黄芪15克、益智仁6克、玉竹10克、陈皮6克、肉桂3克,之后加水煎煮提取三次。第一次加重量比10倍量水,煎煮1.5小时;第二、三次加重量比8倍量水,煎煮1.0小时,合并提取液滤过,静置48小时,之后吸取煎煮药液的上清液,减压浓缩收膏,真空干燥,干浸膏粉碎,加入上生晒参细粉及适量糊精,用80%乙醇制粒,干燥、干燥温度为80℃,整粒,灭菌,充填,外包,送检,入库。
病例1
王某某,男,60岁;肺功能、6分钟步行距离、血常规、生化等检测单位:安徽省中医院。
(一)血液检查报告
(二)、肺功能测定
(三)、临床症状体征评分(2011-11-27):14分
(四)、6分钟步行距离321米
患者于2011年11月27日检查后开始按照疗程服用本发明的六味补气胶囊,于2012年11月25日再次接受检查,治疗效果显著,临床检查指标如下:
(一)实验室检查报告
(二)、肺功能测定
(三)、临床症状体征评分(2012-11-25):8分
(四)、6分钟步行距离521米
实施例2
取生晒参5克将生晒参铺平在烘盘中,放入烘箱,控制温度为70℃,干燥、粉碎细粉备用;粗粉中加入炙黄芪10克、益智仁1克、玉竹5克、陈皮1克、肉桂1克,之后加水煎煮提取三次。第一次加重量比10倍量水,煎煮1.5小时;第二、三次加重量比8倍量水,煎煮1.0小时,合并提取液滤过,静置48小时,之后吸取煎煮药液的上清液,减压浓缩收膏,真空干燥,干浸膏粉碎,加入上生晒参细粉及适量糊精,用80%乙醇制粒,干燥、干燥温度为80℃,整粒,灭菌,充填,外包,送检,入库。
病例2
吕某某,男,67岁;肺功能、6分钟步行距离、血常规、生化等检测单位:安徽省中医院。
(一)实验室检查项目
(二)、肺功能测定
(三)、临床症状体征评分(2011-11-27):14分
(四)、6分钟步行距离307米
患者于2011年11月27日检查后开始按照疗程服用本发明的六味补气胶囊,于2012年11月25日再次接受检查,治疗效果显著,临床检查指标如下:
(一)实验室检查项目:
(二)、肺功能测定
(三)、临床症状体征评分(2011-11-27):9分
(四)、6分钟步行距离460米
实施例3
取生晒参15克将生晒参铺平在烘盘中,放入烘箱,控制温度为60℃,干燥、粉碎细粉备用;粗粉中加入炙黄芪20克、益智仁10克、玉竹15克、陈皮10克、肉桂10克,之后加水煎煮提取三次。第一次加重量比10倍量水,煎煮1.5小时;第二、三次加重量比8倍量水,煎煮1.0小时,合并提取液滤过,静置48小时,之后吸取煎煮药液的上清液,减压浓缩收膏,真空干燥,干浸膏粉碎,加入上生晒参细粉及适量糊精,用80%乙醇制粒,干燥、干燥温度为70℃,整粒,灭菌,充填,外包,送检,入库。
病例3
黄某某,男,70岁;肺功能、6分钟步行距离、血常规、生化等检测单位:安徽省中医院。
(一)实验室检查项目
(二)、肺功能测定
(三)、临床症状体征评分(2011-11-27):12分
(四)、6分钟步行距离315米
患者于2011年10月29日检查后开始按照疗程服用本发明的六味补气胶囊,于2012年10月20日再次接受检查,治疗效果显著,临床检查指标如下:
(一)、实验室检查项目
(二)、肺功能测定
(三)、临床症状体征评分(2011-11-27):7分
(四)、6分钟步行距离465米
实施例4
取生晒参10克将生晒参铺平在烘盘中,放入烘箱,控制温度为60℃,干燥、粉碎细粉备用;粗粉中加入炙黄芪15克、益智仁5克、玉竹8克、陈皮5克、肉桂5克,之后加水煎煮提取三次。第一次加重量比10倍量水,煎煮1.5小时;第二、三次加重量比8倍量水,煎煮1.0小时,合并提取液滤过,静置48小时,之后吸取煎煮药液的上清液,减压浓缩收膏,真空干燥,干浸膏粉碎,加入上生晒参细粉及适量糊精,用80%乙醇制粒,干燥、干燥温度为70℃,整粒,灭菌,充填,外包,送检,入库。
病例4
韩某某,男,58岁;肺功能、6分钟步行距离、血常规、生化等检测单位:安徽省中医院。
(一)实验室检查项目
(二)、肺功能测定
(三)、临床症状体征评分(2011-11-27):13分
(四)、6分钟步行距离289米
患者于2011年10月29日检查后开始按照疗程服用本发明的六味补气胶囊,于2012年11月25日再次接受检查,治疗效果显著,临床检查指标如下:
(一)实验室检查项目
(二)、肺功能测定
(三)、临床症状体征评分(2011-11-27):9分
(四)、6分钟步行距离430米。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明的要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (7)
1.一种六味补气胶囊,其特征在于:其成分包括:生晒参、炙黄芪、益智仁、玉竹、陈皮、肉桂,具体配方由以下重量份的原料药制成的药剂:生晒参5-15份、炙黄芪10-20份、益智仁1-10份、玉竹5-15份、陈皮1-10份、肉桂1-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的六味补气胶囊,其特征在于:所述补气胶囊由以下重量份的原料药制成的药剂:生晒参10份、炙黄芪15份、益智仁6份、玉竹10份、陈皮6份、肉桂3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的六味补气胶囊,其特征在于:所述补气胶囊由以下重量份的原料药制成的药剂:生晒参5份、炙黄芪10份、益智仁1份、玉竹5份、陈皮1份、肉桂1份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的六味补气胶囊,其特征在于:所述补气胶囊由以下重量份的原料药制成的药剂:生晒参15份、炙黄芪20份、益智仁10份、玉竹15份、陈皮10份、肉桂10份。
5.一种六味补气胶囊的制备工艺,包括如下步骤:
1)按处方所述重量份数称取各味原料药;
2)将生晒参铺平在烘盘中,放入烘箱,控制温度为25-80℃,干燥、粉碎细粉备用;
3)粗粉与炙黄芪、益智仁、玉竹、陈皮、肉桂加水煎煮提取三次。第一次加重量比10倍量水,煎煮1.5小时;第二、三次加重量比8倍量水,煎煮1.0小时,合并提取液滤过,静置48小时;
4)吸取煎煮药液的上清液,减压浓缩收膏,真空干燥,干浸膏粉碎,加入上生晒参细粉及适量糊精,用80%乙醇制粒、干燥、整粒、灭菌、充填、外包、送检、入库。
6.根据权利要求5所述的六味补气胶囊,其特征在于:所述步骤4)中的干燥温度为25-80℃。
7.根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的六味补气胶囊,其特征在于:所述六味补气胶囊用于治疗咳嗽,咳痰色白,喘息气短,动则加重,神疲乏力,腰酸耳鸣,舌质淡苔白,脉沉、弱或滑。
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