CN104123406A - Shale gas fracturing construction 3000 type equipment placing simulation method and realization - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction and its realization, aimed at shale gas reservoir fracturing construction, and applied to the field of petroleum industry. This simulation method mainly solves the placement problem of 3000-type equipment in shale gas fracturing construction under the existing conditions. The simulation method mainly includes: a) For the 3000 fracturing equipment, use 3D Studio Max to complete the three-dimensional model of the equipment, and use it as a simulation database together with the established general principles of equipment placement after digitization; b) Interface design and function Associated settings, including input and identification of fracturing scale and well site condition parameters, optimization of fracturing equipment and placement mode; c) selection of MFC-like wizards and interfaces, completion of on-site construction parameters and database calls; d) use of timers Event, complete the dynamic and static loading of the 3000 type equipment. Practice shows that the realization of this method has certain economic benefits and obvious social benefits.

Description

A 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction and its realization

technical field

The invention relates to the field of shale gas fracturing development, and relates to a simulation method and realization of 3000-type equipment placement for shale gas fracturing construction; in particular, it relates to the application of the simulation method in the placement of 3000-type equipment for shale gas fracturing construction It is suitable for the rapid decision-making of shale gas fracturing field equipment placement scheme.

Background technique

In recent years, unconventional oil and gas reservoirs have played an increasingly important role in the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs. For the fracturing construction of conventional reservoirs such as sandstone and carbonatite, the fracturing scale is small, and the placement of on-site construction equipment can be carried out based on rich field experience. However, with the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale gas, coalbed methane, and ultra-deep formations, especially the development of shale gas, the scale of fracturing, the number of equipment, and the resulting arrangement of field equipment, etc. New requirements were put forward. my country's Sichuan, Ordos, Bohai Bay, Songliao, Jianghan, Tuha, Tarim and Junggar basins all have geological conditions for shale gas accumulation, and the key research and development blocks are located in the Sichuan Basin. The unique characteristics of mountainous and hilly areas in Sichuan shale gas development zones restrict the available area of well sites, which is contrary to the characteristics of multi-equipment and large well sites required for large-scale fracturing development of shale gas reservoirs. Therefore, the experience of fracturing equipment placement in conventional oil and gas reservoirs cannot be used reasonably in shale and other unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. A complete set of simulation methods for equipment placement and its realization are crucial to the efficient development of shale gas reservoirs. important.

This invention is based on the research work of the subject (2011ZX05048-11HZ) of the National Science and Technology Major Project (2011ZX05048), and completed "a shale gas fracturing construction 3000-type equipment placement simulation method and its realization".

A 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing invented this time is based on the application of the latest 3000-type fracturing trains in shale gas reservoirs, using 3D Studio Max software as the equipment model modeling platform, Visual C++6.0 is selected as the programming tool platform, combined with Microsoft basic class library MFC and OpenGL graphics and image processing technology, for simulation animation processing. The steps are: for 3000 type fracturing equipment, use 3D Studio Max (referred to as 3ds max) software to make a three-dimensional model of fracturing equipment; formulate general principles for shale gas fracturing construction, and compare it with the three-dimensional model of fracturing equipment Basic data as a database; interface design and function association setting, including input parameters including fracturing scale parameters and well site condition parameters; MFC class wizard and interface selection, define a corresponding variable for each information parameter, After the completion, the corresponding variable definitions can be found in the background program, including parameters such as each fracturing equipment and well site conditions; use the timer event to complete the dynamic and static loading of the 3000-type fracturing equipment.

The realization of this simulation method is conducive to the efficient development of shale gas, will provide guarantee for the commercial production of shale gas, produce good economic and social benefits, and has energy strategic significance. And the purpose is to quickly and accurately determine the construction placement form of the 3000-type complete set of fracturing equipment according to the on-site construction parameters and well site conditions, to meet the requirements of high efficiency, health, safety, and environmental protection, and to improve the utilization efficiency of the complete set of equipment. The success rate of fracturing and acidizing operations in pressured reservoirs is of great significance.

Contents of the invention

The invention relates to a shale gas reservoir fracturing construction equipment placement simulation method and its realization, which can quickly and accurately determine the construction placement form of the 3000-type complete set of fracturing equipment and meet the requirements of high efficiency, health, safety and environmental protection.

The technical support of the present invention uses the following three aspects. The first is modeling technology, which mainly provides equipment model elements for simulation; the second is graphics and image processing technology, which is used to realize the control of model elements and the production of simulation animation; the third is the main development language, which provides mainstream development languages as the simulation system. Basic language platform.

The present invention adopts 3D Studio Max (abbreviated as 3ds max) software as the modeling platform of the equipment model to complete the setting of the basic database; select Visual C++6.0 as the programming tool platform; combine Microsoft basic class library MFC and OpenGL graphic image processing technology , for graphic image and simulation animation processing.

The simulation method of the present invention designs four modules: parameter input module, specification reference module, equipment selection module and graphic image processing module: (1) parameter input module is mainly designed as the input function module of fracturing scale parameter and well site condition parameter, is One of the interface modules. (2) The equipment selection module is designed as a functional module for displaying automatic selection of equipment combination and manual modification of equipment combination, and it is also one of the interface modules. After confirming the fracturing scale parameters and well site condition parameters, it is called to display the information of automatic selection equipment combination. (3) The graphics and image processing module is the core module of the simulation system, which mainly includes three functional modules: equipment three-dimensional model loading, equipment model placement, and equipment model entry animation processing. After the equipment combination information is confirmed, it is jointly called to realize the simulation animation processing of the fracturing site placement process. (4) The normative reference module is a guiding module that provides setting basis for the other three modules. Among them, equipment parameters and equipment selection require that the parameter input module be connected with the equipment selection module to realize equipment selection schemes under different working conditions. Equipment parameters and equipment placement specifications determine the placement of equipment models in the graphics and image processing module, as well as the footprint and spacing of equipment models.

The train of thought of the 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction in the present invention specifically includes:

(1) Conditional input module

1. Create a form as the conditional input interface framework. Divide the form into 4 areas, which are fracturing scale parameter input area, well site condition input area, event button area and safety distance input area. Among them, the definition of the well pad condition area is divided into two types of typical well pad shapes: rectangular well pad and elliptical (circular) well pad. For parameters that need to be input, create a parameter name label, an input text box, and a unit label. For parameters that need to be selected, create a parameter name label and a series of radio options. There is only one event button, which is connected to the background handler.

2. Through the MFC class wizard, define a corresponding variable for each interface parameter, and you can find the corresponding variable definition in the background program after completion. These variables will be used to store, calculate and transmit interface parameters.

3. Create an event button "Confirm". Clicking this button will trigger the response of the background function. In the background program, the storage, calculation and transmission of the parameters passed in the interface will be realized.

(2) Device selection module

I. Create a form as the vehicle selection interface framework. Divide the form into two areas, one is the fracturing equipment selection information area, and the other is the event button area. Create corresponding parameter name labels and input text boxes for information parameters such as the model and quantity of equipment required for fracturing. The event buttons include two buttons of "modify" and "confirm", which are respectively connected with different event response programs in the background for information processing.

2. Through the MFC class wizard, define a corresponding variable for each information parameter, and you can find the corresponding variable definition in the background program after completion. These variables will be used to store, calculate and transmit interface parameters.

3. Create event buttons "Modify" and "Confirm". Among them, the "Modify" button controls the editable state of the device information parameters in the interface. When the device selection interface is called for the first time, the information parameter text boxes on the interface are all grayed out, indicating that they cannot be edited. Click the "Modify" button to change its status to editable. Click the "Confirm" button to trigger the background program, and pass the information parameter variable to the subsequent module for use.

(3) Graphics and image processing module

1. Determine the location of the fracturing equipment placement area according to the well site condition parameters transmitted from the condition input interface. Two factors are involved here: well site wind direction and well site entrance location. Among them, the wind direction of the well site occupies a dominant position and is the main influencing factor; the location of the well site entrance is the secondary influencing factor. In the simulation method of fracturing equipment placement and its realization, the entrance of the well site is mainly used as a starting position for fracturing vehicles to enter the well site. Selecting a suitable equipment placement area can effectively reduce the time for fracturing vehicles to enter the site. The preparation time of fracturing equipment can save fracturing costs from an economic point of view, and shortening the distance to the entrance of the well site is conducive to dealing with emergencies.

2. Corresponding to different regional division schemes, set the coordinates of each device. Define an array that stores the placement coordinates of each device. In the initial constructor, there is already a storage array declaration for all equipment required for fracturing construction. The size of the array space is undetermined, and it is a dynamic storage array. After receiving the number of devices transmitted by the device selection interface, redefine the declared device storage array in the device initialization function to generate a storage array with the same space size. This array will run through the entire graphics and image processing process and provide a database as equipment placement coordinate data. The storage array of vehicle equipment coordinates is integrated and stored in a unified array, which is convenient for coordinate reading in subsequent animation programming. Coordinates for static scene devices are still stored in their own arrays.

3. Set the viewpoint coordinates according to the size of the well site. In the design, the viewpoint is set at the lower right corner of the well site, the viewing angle is set to 90 degrees, that is, the observation angle is 45 degrees above and below the eye level, and the height of the viewpoint from the ground is set to 2.5m. In this way, it can ensure that the entire well site is included in the field of view and each device can present a three-dimensional display to enhance the sense of reality.

4. Simulation display of well site equipment placement and vehicle entry animation.

①The loaded static equipment is displayed on the interface according to their respective placement coordinates, including the well site model, wellhead model, sand tank model, buffer tank model and pool model. These are all static scenes.

②Load dynamic equipment, including fracturing pump truck model, manifold truck model, sand mixing truck model, liquid distribution truck model and instrument truck model. These vehicle models move from the entrance position of the well site to their respective coordinate positions on the well site in the form of animation according to a certain path. The change of device displacement in the above process is controlled in the timer event. The first step is to set the initial position coordinates of the vehicle model at the entrance of the well site; the second step is to set the current coordinates of the vehicle model to the x coordinates based on the previous position coordinates when each timer event is triggered (interval 1ms). Increase/decrease 0.1 coordinate unit or y coordinate increase/decrease 0.1 coordinate unit, which is determined by the movement path whether the x coordinate or y coordinate is increased or decreased; the third step, after the last vehicle model reaches its placement coordinate position, carry out The movement of the next vehicle model. The moving process of each vehicle model from the entrance of the well site to the designated position is completed in a cycle of the above three steps; the fourth step is to complete the moving vehicle equipment, which is converted into a static equipment at this time, and is always used as a static scene when other vehicles move into the site. appears in the screen interface.

③ When all the vehicle models are moved to their respective placement coordinate positions, the animation simulation of the entire well site placement ends. At this point, the timer event ends, and all devices appear as a static scene.

5. When it is necessary to re-input or change the conditions and re-simulate, a new round of operation will be performed from the input of the conditions on the interactive interface. After the animation simulation background program is triggered, the simulation process of the above steps 1 to 4 will be carried out to form a new well. Demonstration diagram of field equipment placement scheme.

(4) Specification reference module

This module is a guiding module that provides setting basis for the other three modules. Equipment parameters and equipment placement specifications determine the placement of equipment models in the graphics and image processing module, as well as the footprint and spacing of equipment models.

Concrete function of the present invention:

(1) Parameter input module

1. The three fracturing scale parameters of construction pressure, construction displacement and construction time are used to determine the number of fracturing pump trucks. The determination method refers to the selection of the number of fracturing pump trucks in the previous chapter. After determining the number of fracturing pump trucks, then determine the number of manifold trucks. The SGH140 manifold truck is used in the 3000-type fracturing truck group, which can be equipped with 8 fracturing pump trucks. The sand mixing truck is the SHS20 sand mixing truck, with a maximum displacement of 20m ³ /min. The number of sand mixing trucks is selected, and two sand mixing trucks are usually used to work in parallel. The amount of fracturing fluid is used as a reference value to determine the number of liquid tanks or the size of the storage tank. The amount of proppant used as a reference value for sand tank selection.

2. The length and width of the well site and the position of the wellhead in the well site are used to determine the division of the entire equipment placement area.

3. Selection of different well pad shapes, the most common rectangular and oval well pads are preferred here.

4. The setting of safety distance, the built-in standard safety distance, including the safety distance between vehicles, the minimum safety distance around the wellhead, the distance from the high pressure manifold to the fracturing vehicle, etc. Standard distances set by connection and related surveys.

5. The selection of fracturing crews, under normal circumstances, commonly used 2000 and 2500 fracturing crews, will increase the actual function of the software, and is conducive to the comparison and optimization of equipment, which is the best choice for known wells. It provides an important basis for the selection of fracturing equipment under field conditions.

6. Add the option of "Maximum number of fracturing pump trucks available for matching", and automatically default to 100. Its purpose is to provide the number of fracturing vehicles of this type after the desired fracturing vehicle model has been selected. When the number of fracturing pump trucks required for construction is greater than the maximum number of vehicles available for this model, the simulation system will automatically change the subsequent vehicles and related calculations to the next level of fracturing trucks.

7. The condition input module establishes functional association with the graphics and image processing module, and transmits the parameter information to the background for processing graphics, images and animations.

(2) Device selection module

1. There are two sources of fracturing equipment information displayed on the equipment selection interface. Part of it is the equipment model, capacity and other information. This part of the information refers to the equipment information of the 3000 type fracturing equipment. The other part is the equipment quantity information, which is obtained after calculating and processing the parameters received by the background program of the condition input interface. The device selection interface here mainly completes the functions of receiving, displaying and transmitting.

2. The number of differential fracturing vehicles given in this part will give the excess number when the size of the well site does not match, and provide a judgment basis for the subsequent treatment on site.

3. The equipment selection interface is mainly to confirm or adjust the fracturing equipment information. Click the "Confirm" button if you do not wish to modify or click the "Confirm" button after the modification is complete. The background response program will be triggered, and the selected number of corresponding fracturing equipment will be passed to the graphics and image processing module, which is the connection point between the interface module and the background graphics and image processing module.

(3) Graphics and image processing module

1. Determine the location of the fracturing equipment placement area according to the well site condition parameters transmitted from the condition input interface

2. Corresponding to different regional division schemes, set the coordinates of each device.

(4) Specification reference module

This module is only for technical support and data in the database. Through scientific and rigorous research, field tests and corresponding calculations and judgments, the placement of the largest equipment in the most matching placement area is obtained, as shown in the following table:

Table 1

Advantages of the present invention:

(1) The simulation method and its realization, integrating 3Dmax, VC++, Microsoft basic class library MFC and OpenGL related technologies, realize the determination and realization of the simulation method applied to shale gas fracturing construction 3000 equipment placement.

(2) For tight oil and gas such as shale gas, combined with 3000-type fracturing equipment, the simulation method and its realization can be fully realized in the form of animation under different well site conditions and fracturing scale (operation parameters) conditions The placement setting and form of the fracturing equipment. Field tests show that the simulation software is fast, simple, reasonable, and accurate in fracturing construction sites, and meets the requirements of high efficiency, health, safety, and environmental protection. It is important for improving the utilization efficiency of complete sets of equipment and the success rate of shale gas fracturing operations. meaning.

(3) The simulation method and its implementation solve one of the main problems in the efficient development of shale gas in my country, which not only has economic benefits, but also has obvious social benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement form of the well site of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the overall realization of the simulation method of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the simulation method and the realization condition input module of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the simulation method and the device selection module of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a flow chart of graphic animation processing in the simulation method and implementation of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a practical effect diagram of the simulation method of the present invention and its implementation based on the relevant parameters of a shale gas fracturing well in China.

Detailed ways

A 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction of the present invention and the specific steps for its realization include:

(1) Using 3ds max2010 software, combined with the geometric parameters and shape parameters of 3000 fracturing equipment, establish a 3D model of the equipment, and use the 3D Exploration software to convert it into a .cpp file that can be recognized by Visual C++. The .cpp file mainly contains two parts, one part is the model file; the other part is the model reading function.

(2) Set the general principle of the placement of shale gas fracturing 3000 equipment, that is, the standard reference module, combined with the 3D equipment, becomes the main database basis of the simulation method.

(3) A common basic framework program jointly established by Visual C++ and OpenGL, and various graphics and image processing functions are developed on the basis of it. First, you need to create a new project in Visual C++6.0, select the project category as MFCAppWizard(exe) in the new dialog box, enter the project name and directory address, and select other options to enter the application wizard by default. Then do the initial setup of OpenGL. First, complete the setting of the OpenGL base library. Add a reference to the OpenGL header file in the header file of the program, and import the "g1.h" and "glu.h" header files. Click Project (project)→Settings (Settings) to open the Project Settings dialog box, select the Link (connection) page, and add two OpenGL library files (OpenGL32.lib glu32.lib) to Object/Library modules (object/library module). Then add variables and functions according to the needs of the program, and set the pixel format, especially the setting of the double buffer item, which is a necessary setting to ensure smooth animation effect. Finally, various equipment models required by the simulation software are exported and compiled into header files of the program, which can be directly referenced and used in the simulation process. Moreover, add the corresponding model reading function in the main program to connect the model and animation display to ensure the smooth realization of the whole simulation process.

(4) Establish a form as the conditional input interface framework. Divide the form into 4 areas, which are fracturing scale parameter input area, well site condition input area, event button area and safety distance input area. For parameters that need to be input, create a parameter name label, an input text box, and a unit label. For parameters that need to be selected, create a parameter name label and a series of radio options. There is only one event button, which is connected to the background handler. This step completes the establishment of the conditional input module, see Figure 3.

(5) Create a form as the vehicle selection interface framework. Divide the form into two areas, one is the fracturing equipment selection information area, and the other is the event button area. Create corresponding parameter name labels and input text boxes for information parameters such as the model and quantity of equipment required for fracturing. The event buttons include two buttons of "modify" and "confirm", which are respectively connected with different event response programs in the background for information processing. This process completes the establishment of the device selection module, as shown in Figure 4.

(6) The loaded static equipment is displayed on the interface according to their respective placement coordinates, including the well site model, wellhead model, sand tank model, buffer tank model and water tank model. These are all static scenes. Load dynamic equipment, including fracturing pump truck models, manifold truck models, sand mixer truck models, liquid distribution truck models, and instrument truck models. These vehicle models move from the entrance position of the well site to their respective coordinate positions on the well site in the form of animation according to a certain path. The change of device displacement in the above process is controlled in the timer event. The first step is to set the initial position coordinates of the vehicle model at the entrance of the well site; the second step is to set the current coordinates of the vehicle model to the x coordinates based on the previous position coordinates when each timer event is triggered (interval 1ms). Increase/decrease 0.1 coordinate unit or y coordinate increase/decrease 0.1 coordinate unit, which is determined by the movement path whether the x coordinate or y coordinate is increased or decreased; the third step, after the last vehicle model reaches its placement coordinate position, carry out The movement of the next vehicle model. The moving process of each vehicle model from the entrance of the well site to the designated position is completed in a cycle of the above three steps; the fourth step is to complete the moving vehicle equipment, which is converted into a static equipment at this time, and is always used as a static scene when other vehicles move into the site. appears in the screen interface. This step completes the establishment of the graphics and image processing module, as shown in Figure 5.

(7) Based on the present invention, the following work can be accomplished.

According to the well site and fracturing parameters of a domestic shale gas fracturing well in the table, using the present invention, that is, a 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction and its realization, the 3000-type equipment placement can be obtained Model simulation results.

Table 2 Scale of fracturing

Under this fracturing scale, a total of 15 3000-type fracturing pump trucks, 1 sand mixer truck, 2 manifold trucks, 1 liquid dispensing truck, 1 instrument truck, 1 vertical sand tank, and 1 sand storage tank were used. There are 27 liquid tanks and 6 acid tanks. It is recommended that the pool be 2,500 square meters. The results of the final optimized placement form are shown in Figure 6.

Claims (5)

1. A 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction and its realization, characterized in that: based on the 3000-type complete set of fracturing equipment, for its application in shale gas fracturing construction, it involves three Main technical support, one is modeling technology, which mainly provides equipment model elements for simulation; the other is graphics and image processing technology, which is used to realize the control of model elements and the production of simulation animation; the third is the main development language, which provides mainstream The development language is used as the basic language platform of the simulation system. For the application of 3000-type fracturing equipment in shale gas fracturing construction, 3D Studio Max (referred to as 3ds max) software is used as the modeling platform of 3000-type fracturing equipment model: Visual C++6.0 is selected as the programming tool platform; Combining the Microsoft basic class library MFC and OpenGL graphics and image processing technology, it can process graphics, images and simulation animations. 2. A method and realization of a 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: based on the 3000-type complete set of fracturing equipment, it includes a parameter input module, a specification reference module, A device selection module and a graphic image processing module. The parameter input module is mainly designed as an input function module for shale gas fracturing scale parameters and well site condition parameters, which is one of the interface modules; the equipment selection module is designed as a function module for displaying automatic selection of equipment combinations and manual modification of equipment combinations, and is also an interface module. One of the modules is invoked after confirming the fracturing scale parameters and well site condition parameters to display the automatic selection equipment combination information; the graphics and image processing module is the core module of the simulation system, mainly including the loading of the 3D model of the 3000-type complete set of fracturing equipment, Three functional modules: equipment model placement and equipment model entry animation processing. After the equipment combination information is confirmed, it is jointly called to realize the simulation animation processing of the fracturing site placement process; the specification reference module is a guiding module that provides setting basis for the other three modules. Among them, equipment parameters and equipment selection require that the parameter input module be connected with the equipment selection module to realize equipment selection schemes under different working conditions. Equipment parameters and equipment placement specifications determine the placement of equipment models in the graphics and image processing module, as well as the footprint and spacing of equipment models. 3. A 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction according to claim 1 and its realization, which is characterized in that: the performance and shape parameters of the 3000-type complete set of fracturing equipment and the shale gas fracturing well site Based on the conditions, complete the receiving, delivery and processing of external data. Receive external fracturing scale parameters and fracturing well site condition parameters, transmit them to the background processing function, and combine the parameter processing and calculation of 3000-type fracturing equipment to finally obtain the type of equipment required for this fracturing at the well site and its quantity. 4. A 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction and its realization according to claim 1, characterized in that: for shale gas reservoirs and 3000-type fracturing equipment, the placement of 3000-type equipment is formulated The general principle, together with the 3D model data of the equipment, is used as the database basis of the simulation system to realize the simulation of the placement of shale gas fracturing construction equipment. 5. A 3000-type equipment placement simulation method for shale gas fracturing construction and its realization according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the loading of 3000-type fracturing equipment placement scenes. The fracturing equipment is used to realize the input and conversion of dynamic and static equipment in the timer event. Realize the simulation of the equipment placement form at the shale gas fracturing construction site under different working conditions and well site conditions.