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CN104041098A - Method and apparatus for accelerated link setup between STA and access point of IEEE 802.11 network - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for accelerated link setup between STA and access point of IEEE 802.11 network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104041098A
CN104041098A CN201380005176.XA CN201380005176A CN104041098A CN 104041098 A CN104041098 A CN 104041098A CN 201380005176 A CN201380005176 A CN 201380005176A CN 104041098 A CN104041098 A CN 104041098A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sta
frame
network
information
configuration
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Pending
Application number
CN201380005176.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
L·王
Y·塔加利
S·A·格兰帝
X·王
张国栋
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InterDigital Patent Holdings Inc
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InterDigital Patent Holdings Inc
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Publication of CN104041098A publication Critical patent/CN104041098A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/11—Allocation or use of connection identifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/06—Answer-back mechanisms or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/24—Negotiation of communication capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
    • H04W12/043—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA] using a trusted network node as an anchor
    • H04W12/0431—Key distribution or pre-distribution; Key agreement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/06—Authentication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/50—Secure pairing of devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0838—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these
    • H04L9/0841—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols
    • H04L9/0844—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols with user authentication or key authentication, e.g. ElGamal, MTI, MQV-Menezes-Qu-Vanstone protocol or Diffie-Hellman protocols using implicitly-certified keys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/02—Data link layer protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

A method and apparatus may be used for accelerated link setup. A method may include a Station obtaining information about an access point of an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)802.11 network in advance through a previously connected IEEE802.11 interface and/or an interface other than the IEEE802.11 network. The STA may use the obtained information during a link setup procedure between the STA and the access point. The information may include a recommendation for a particular procedure to complete the link setup procedure between the STA and the access point.

Description

Method and apparatus for the STA of IEEE 802.11 networks and the setting of the link of the acceleration between access point
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/585 submitting on January 11st, 2012, the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/719 that on October 29th, 420 and 2012 submits to, and 663 rights and interests, the content of these applications is incorporated into this by reference.
Background technology
Link setting up procedure can be configured to comprise a plurality of stages in Institute of Electrical and Electric Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 communication systems.Exemplary link setting up procedure can comprise that access point (AP) discovery stage, network discovery phase, additional period synchronizing function (TSF) stage, authentication and association phase and higher level Internet protocol (IP) arrange the stage.This link setting up procedure can take several seconds, and even the more time completes
Summary of the invention
A kind of method and apparatus can be configured to carry out the link setting of accelerating.A kind of method can comprise that platform (STA) obtains the information about the AP of IEEE802.11 network in advance by the IEEE802.11 interface connecting before and/or the interface that is different from IEEE802.11 network.STA can be used obtained information during the link setting up procedure between STA and AP.This information can comprise the suggestion to particular procedure, to complete the link setting up procedure between STA and AP.
Method and apparatus can be for setting up the security association between STA and network, to enable and to optimize the discovery of another network in advance.For example, EAP for example can be encapsulated in, in 802.11 frames (, authentication frame or disassociation frame) fast.The verification process of carrying out on new network can be based on non-EAP.
Device can transmit the request to the Network finding information from network entity, and receives the Network finding information as response.Network finding information can be passed through Cellular Networks (for example, 3GPP network) and receive.Network finding information can receive via layer 2 protocol.
The request of can transmitting of a kind of device is with from Network Capture IP address configuration.For example, IP address configuration can be asked and receive to this device during EAP verification process or non-EAP verification process.Described IP address configuration can be passed through Cellular Networks (for example, 3GPP network) and receive.
Accompanying drawing explanation
More detailed understanding can be from below in conjunction with obtaining accompanying drawing and the description that provides for example, wherein:
Figure 1A is the system diagram that can implement therein the example communication system of one or more disclosed execution modes;
Figure 1B is the system diagram of the example wireless transmitter/receiver unit (WTRU) that can use in the communication system shown in Figure 1A;
Fig. 1 C is the example wireless electricity Access Network that can use in the communication system shown in Figure 1A and the system diagram of example core net;
Fig. 2 A is the schematic diagram of example IEEE802.11 setting up procedure;
Fig. 2 B is the continuity of the example IEEE802.11 setting up procedure that shows in Fig. 2 A;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for the basic process of the link setting (ALS) of the information acceleration of use acquisition in advance;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the example short beacon frame of link setting (ALS) that support to accelerate;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram to the instance modification of the main beacon frame of support ALS;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the quick initial link circuit setting of example (FILS) administration behaviour frame;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the example of optimization access point (AP) discovery procedure that the information based on obtaining is in advance initiated by STA;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the example of the optimization AP discovery procedure that the information based on obtaining is in advance initiated by AP;
Fig. 9 is a kind of schematic diagram of exemplary method, and wherein authentication，authorization，accounting (AAA) server can integrated identity provider (OP) and enhancement mode access network discovery and selection function (eANDSF) functional to realize seamless authentication and rapid link setting;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of another kind of exemplary method, and wherein authentication，authorization，accounting (AAA) server can integrated OP and enhancement mode access network discovery and selection function (eANDSF) functional to realize seamless authentication and rapid link setting;
Figure 11 is a kind of schematic diagram of exemplary method, and what wherein aaa server can integrated OP is functional to realize seamless authentication and rapid link setting;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of another kind of exemplary method, and what wherein aaa server can integrated OP is functional to realize seamless authentication and rapid link setting;
Figure 13 is a kind of for setting up in advance security association to realize the schematic diagram of seamless authentication and the exemplary method that initial link circuit arranges fast between STA and network;
Figure 14 is another kind of for setting up in advance security association to realize the schematic diagram of seamless authentication and the exemplary method that initial link circuit arranges fast between STA and network;
Figure 15 is another kind of for setting up in advance security association to realize the schematic diagram of seamless authentication and the exemplary method that initial link circuit arranges fast between STA and network;
Figure 16 is a kind of for supporting the schematic diagram of exemplary method of the use of predefined set of system parameters;
Figure 17 is another kind of for supporting the schematic diagram of exemplary method of the use of predefined set of system parameters;
Figure 18 is another kind of for supporting the schematic diagram of exemplary method of the use of predefined set of system parameters;
Figure 19 is a kind of schematic diagram of exemplary method, and wherein STA can receive does not have the profile instance of full profile instance information identifier information;
Figure 20 is a kind of schematic diagram of exemplary method, and wherein STA can comprise the profile instance identifier information of the system configuration for obtaining in advance;
Figure 21 is a kind of schematic diagram that utilizes the location-based knowledge obtaining in advance to carry out the exemplary method of rapid link setting; And
Figure 22 is a kind of schematic diagram that the exemplary method of optimization is set for link.
Embodiment
Figure 1A is the diagram that can implement therein the example communication system 100 of one or more disclosed execution modes.Communication system 100 can be that the multi-access systems of content (for example, voice, data, video, message, broadcast etc.) is provided to a plurality of wireless users.Communication system 100 can make a plurality of wireless users visit these contents by shared system resource (comprising wireless bandwidth).For example, communication system 100 can be used one or more channel access methods, for example code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), quadrature FDMA (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) etc.
As shown in Figure 1A, communication system 100 can comprise wireless transmitter/receiver unit (WTRU) 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d, radio access network (RAN) 104, core net 106, public switch telephone network (PSTN) 108, internet 110, and other networks 112, but it should be understood that disclosed execution mode considered any amount of WTRU, base station, network and/or network element.Each in WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, 102d can be to be configured to operate in wireless environment and/or the equipment of any type of communicating by letter.As example, WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, 102d can be configured to transmit and/or receive wireless signal, and can comprise platform (STA) in subscriber equipment (UE), mobile radio station, fixing or mobile subscriber unit, pager, cell phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), smart phone, laptop computer, net book, personal computer, wireless senser, consumer electronics product, IEEE802.11 network etc.
Communication system 100 can also comprise base station 114a and base station 114b.Each of base station 114a, 114b can be to be configured to and at least one wireless for example docking, so that access the equipment of any type of one or more communication network (, core net 106, internet 110 and/or network 112) in WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, 102d.As example, base station 114a, 114b can be base transceiver station (BTS), Node B, e Node B, family expenses Node B, family expenses e Node B, site controller, access point (AP), wireless router etc.Although each is described to independent element base station 114a, 114b, it should be understood that base station 114a, 114b can comprise any amount of interconnection base station and/or network element.
Base station 114a can be a part of RAN104, and this RAN104 can also comprise other base stations and/or network element (not shown), such as base station controller (BSC), radio network controller (RNC), via node etc.Base station 114a and/or base station 114b can be configured within specific geographical area, transmit and/or receive wireless signal, and this region can be called as community (not shown).Community can also be divided into cell sector.For example, the community associated with base station 114a can be divided into three sectors.Therefore, in one embodiment, base station 114a can comprise three transceivers, and there is a transceiver each sector of community.In another embodiment, base station 114a can be used multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology, therefore a plurality of transceivers can be used for to each sector of community.
Base station 114a, 114b can communicate by letter with one or more in WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, 102d by air interface 116, this air interface 116 can be any suitable wireless communication link (for example, less radio-frequency (RF), microwave, infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV), visible ray etc.).Can use any suitable radio access technologies (RAT) to set up air interface 116.
More specifically, as mentioned above, communication system 100 can be multi-access systems, and can use one or more channel access schemes, for example CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA etc.For example, base station 114a in RAN104 and WTRU102a, 102b, 102c can embodiment as the radiotechnics of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) terrestrial radio access (UTRA), it can use wideband CDMA (WCDMA) to set up air interface 116.WCDMA can comprise the communication protocol of for example high-speed packet access (HSPA) and/or evolved HSPA (HSPA+).HSPA can comprise high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) and/or High Speed Uplink Packet access (HSUPA).
In another embodiment, base station 114a and WTRU102a, 102b, 102c can embodiment access the radiotechnics of (E-UTRA) as evolved UMTS terrestrial radio, and it can use Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or senior LTE (LTE-A) to set up air interface 116.
In other embodiments, base station 114a and WTRU102a, 102b, 102c can embodiment as IEEE802.16 (that is, World Interoperability for Microwave Access, WiMax (WiMAX)), CDMA2000, CDMA20001X, CDMA2000EV-DO, interim standard 2000 (IS-2000), interim standard 95 (IS-95), interim standard 856 (IS-856), global system for mobile communications (GSM), for the radiotechnics of the enhanced data rates (EDGE) of GSM evolution, GSM EDGE (GERAN) etc.
Base station 114b in Figure 1A can be wireless router, family expenses Node B, family expenses e Node B or access point, and can promote the wireless connections in regional area with any suitable RAT, for example commercial location, house, vehicle, campus etc.In one embodiment, base station 114b and WTRU102c, 102d can embodiment set up WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN) as the radiotechnics of IEEE802.11.In another embodiment, base station 114b and WTRU102c, 102d can embodiment set up Wireless Personal Network (WPAN) as the radiotechnics of IEEE802.15.In another execution mode, base station 114b and WTRU102c, 102d can be used the RAT (for example, WCDMA, CDMA2000, GSM, LTE, LTE-A etc.) based on honeycomb to set up picocell or Femto cell.As shown in Figure 1A, base station 114b can have to internet 110 direct connection.Therefore, base station 114b can not need to enter the Internet 110 via core net 106.
RAN104 can communicate by letter with core net 106, and described core net 106 can be to be configured to provide the network of any type of voice (VoIP) service on voice, data, application and/or Internet protocol to one or more in WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, 102d.For example, core net 106 can provide calls out control, bill service, the service based on shift position, prepaid call, Internet connection, video distribution etc., and/or carries out enhanced security feature, and for example user authenticates.Although not shown in Figure 1A, it should be understood that RAT that RAN104 and/or core net 106 can be identical with RAN104 from use or other RAN of different RAT directly or indirectly communicate by letter.For example, except being connected to the RAN104 that uses E-UTRA radiotechnics, core net 106 can also be communicated by letter with using another RAN (not shown) of gsm radio technology.
Core net 106 can also be served as the gateway of WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, 102d access PSTN108, internet 110 and/or other networks 112.PSTN108 can comprise the circuit exchanging telephone network that plain old telephone service (POTS) is provided.Internet 110 can comprise global interconnected computer network and the device systems that uses common communicating protocol, and described common protocol is transmission control protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protoco (UDP) (UDP) and Internet protocol (IP) in TCP/IP Internet protocol family etc. for example.Network 112 can comprise the wired or wireless communication network that is had and/or runed by other service providers.For example, network 112 can comprise another core net that is connected to one or more RAN, and this RAN can be used the RAT identical with RAN104 or different RAT.
Some or all of WTRU102a in communication system 100,102b, 102c, 102d can comprise multi-mode ability, and WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, 102d can comprise a plurality of transceivers for communicating by different radio link and different networks.For example, the WTRU102c shown in Figure 1A can be configured to communicate by letter with base station 114a, and described base station 114a can be used the radiotechnics based on honeycomb, and communicates by letter with base station 114b, and described base station 114b can be used IEEE802 radiotechnics.WTRU can be called as platform (STA) or non-access point (non-AP) STA.
Figure 1B is the system diagram of example WTRU102.As shown in Figure 1B, WTRU102 can comprise processor 118, transceiver 120, transmitting/receiving element 122, loud speaker/microphone 124, keyboard 126, display/touch pad 128, non-removable memory 130, removable memory 132, power supply 134, global positioning system (GPS) chipset 136 and other ancillary equipment 138.It should be understood that WTRU102 can comprise any sub-portfolio of aforementioned components when maintenance is consistent with execution mode.
Processor 118 can be general processor, application specific processor, conventional processors, digital signal processor (DSP), multi-microprocessor, one or more microprocessors associated with DSP nuclear phase, controller, microcontroller, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) circuit, the integrated circuit (IC), state machine etc. of other types arbitrarily.Any other function that processor 118 can executive signal coding, data processing, power are controlled, I/O is processed and/or WTRU102 is moved in can wireless environment.Processor 118 can be coupled to transceiver 120, and described transceiver 120 can be coupled to transmitting/receiving element 122.Although Figure 1B is described as independent parts by processor 118 and transceiver 120, be appreciated that processor 118 and transceiver 120 can together be integrated in Electronic Packaging or chip.
Transmitting/receiving element 122 can be configured to pass the signal to base station (for example, base station 114a) by air interface 116, or (for example, base station 114a) receives signal from base station.For example, in one embodiment, transmitting/receiving element 122 can be the antenna that is configured to transmit and/or receive RF signal.In another embodiment, transmitting/receiving element 122 can be the transmitter/detector that is configured to transmit and/or receive for example IR, UV or visible light signal.In another execution mode, transmitting/receiving element 122 can be configured to transmit and receive RF and light signal.Should be appreciated that transmitting/receiving element 122 can be configured to transmit and/or receive any combination of wireless signal.
In addition, although transmitting/receiving element 122 is described to discrete component in Figure 1B, WTRU102 can comprise the transmitting/receiving element 122 of any amount.More specifically, WTRU102 can be used MIMO technology.Therefore, in one embodiment, WTRU102 can comprise two or more transmitting/receiving elements 122 (for example, a plurality of antennas) for transmitted and received wireless signal by air interface 116.
Transceiver 120 can be configured to the signal that modulation will be transmitted by transmitting/receiving element 122, and demodulation is by the signal of transmitting/receiving element 122 receptions.As mentioned above, WTRU102 can have multi-mode ability.Therefore, transceiver 120 can comprise a plurality of transceivers for WTRU102 can be communicated by letter via a plurality of RAT, and described a plurality of RAT are UTRA and IEEE802.11 for example.
The processor 118 of WTRU102 can be coupled to following equipment, and can from following equipment, receive user input data: loud speaker/microphone 124, keyboard 126 and/or display/touch pad 128 (for example, liquid crystal display (LCD) display unit or Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display unit).Processor 118 can also be exported user data to loud speaker/microphone 124, keyboard 126 and/or display/touch pad 128.In addition, processor 118 can be from the suitable memory access information of any type, and can store data in described memory, and described memory is non-removable memory 130 and/or removable memory 132 for example.Non-removable memory 130 can comprise the store-memory equipment of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), hard disk or any other type.Removable memory 132 can comprise Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) storage card etc.In other embodiments, processor 118 can for example, from not geographically being positioned at the memory access information (, being positioned on server or local computer (not shown)) WTRU102, and can store data in this memory.
Processor 118 can receive electric power from power supply 134, and can be configured to distribute and/or control to the electric power of the miscellaneous part in WTRU102.Power supply 134 can be any suitable equipment to WTRU102 power supply.For example, power supply 134 can comprise one or more dry cells (for example, NI-G (NiCd), nickel zinc (NiZn), ni-mh (NiMH), lithium ion (Li-ion), etc.), solar cell, fuel cell etc.
Processor 118 can also be coupled to GPS chipset 136, and described GPS chipset 136 can be configured to provide the positional information about the current location of WTRU102 (for example, longitude and latitude).In addition, except the information from GPS chipset 136 or as it, substitute, WTRU102 can by air interface 116 from base station (for example, base station 114a, 114b) receiving position information, and/or its position is determined in the timing of the signal based on receiving from two or more neighbor base stations.Should be appreciated that when maintenance is consistent with execution mode, WTRU102 can obtain positional information by any suitable location determining method.
Processor 118 can also be coupled to other ancillary equipment 138, and described ancillary equipment 138 can comprise one or more software and/or hardware modules that bells and whistles, function and/or wired or wireless connection are provided.For example, ancillary equipment 138 can comprise accelerometer, electronic compass, satellite transceiver, digital camera (for photo or video), USB (USB) port, vibratory equipment, TV transceiver, Earphone with microphone, bluetooth module, frequency modulation (FM) radio unit, digital music player, media player, video game machine module, explorer etc.
Fig. 1 C is the example system diagram of RAN104 and core net 106.As mentioned above, RAN104 can adopt E-UTRA radiotechnics to communicate with WTRU102a, 102b, 102c by air interface 116.RAN104 can also communicate by letter with core net 106.
RAN104 can comprise e Node B 140a, 140b, 140c, but is understandable that, when maintenance is consistent with execution mode, RAN104 can comprise the e Node B of any amount.Each of e Node B 140a, 140b, 140c can comprise one or more transceiver, to communicate by letter with WTRU102a, 102b, 102c by air interface 116.In one embodiment, e Node B 140a, 140b, 140c can implement MIMO technology.Therefore, e Node B 140a for example can come to transmit wireless signal and receive wireless signal from WTRU120a to WTRU120a with a plurality of antennas.
Each in e Node B 140a, 140b, 140c can be associated with specific cell (not shown), and can be configured to process user in provided for radio resources management decision-making, handover decisions, up link and/or down link scheduling etc.As shown in Figure 1 C, e Node B 140a, 140b, 140c can communicate with one another by X2 interface.
Core net 106 shown in Fig. 1 C can comprise mobile management gateway (MME) 142, gateway 144 and packet data network (PDN) gateway 146.Although aforesaid each element is described to a part for core net 106, it should be understood that any one in these elements all can be had by the entity except core network operators and/or run.
MME142 can be connected to the e Node B 142a in RAN104, each in 142b, 142c via S1 interface, and can serve as control node.For example, MME142 can be responsible for authenticating the user of WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, and bearing activation/deexcitation is selected specific gateway between the initial setting stage of WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, etc.MME142 can also provide control plane function for example, to exchange between RAN104 and other RAN (not shown) of other radiotechnicss of use (, GSM or WCDMA).
Gateway 144 can be connected to the e Node B 140a in RAN104, each in 140b, 140c via S1 interface.Gateway 144 conventionally can route and the user data packets forwarding to/from WTRU102a, 102b, 102c.Gateway 144 can also be carried out other functions, grappling user plane between the transfer period between e Node B for example, when can be used for WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, triggers down link data paging, the context of management and storage WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, etc.
Gateway 144 also can be connected to PDN Gateway 146, described PDN Gateway 146 can to packet switching network (for example provide to WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, internet 110) access, so that communicating by letter between WTRU102a, 102b, 102c and IP enabled devices.The couple in router (AR) 150 of WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN) 155 can be communicated by letter with internet 110.AR150 can be so that communicating by letter between AP160a, 160b and 160c.AP160a, 160b can communicate by letter with 170c with STA170a, 170b with 160c.
Core net 106 can be convenient to and the communicating by letter of other networks.For example, core net 106 can provide to WTRU102a, 102b, 102c that (for example, access PSTN108), so that communicating by letter between WTRU102a, 102b, 102c and traditional landline communication devices to circuit-switched network.For example, core net 106 can comprise IP gateway (for example, IP Multimedia System (IMS) server), or can communicate by letter with IP gateway, and described IP gateway is as the interface between core net 106 and PSTN108.In addition, core net 106 can provide the access to network 112 to WTRU102a, 102b, 102c, and described network 112 can comprise other wired or wireless networks that had and/or runed by other service providers.
Fig. 2 A and 2B are the schematic diagrames of example IEEE802.11 link setting up procedure, wherein can use 802.11i/ Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP).This instantiation procedure 200 can comprise that AP finds stage 201, network discovery phase 202, additional period synchronizing function (TSF) stage 203, authentication phase 204, association phase 205, the stage 206 is set in fail safe and IP arranges the stage 207.Wireless communication system can comprise one or more platform (STA) 208, one or more AP209a, 209b, 209c and one or more network element 209d.STA208 can comprise wireless transmission receiving element (WTRU) or non-AP STA, and network element 209d can comprise for example router, local agent (HA), authentication，authorization，accounting (AAA) server, certificate server (AS) or remote authentication dial-in user service (RADIUS).
At AP, find the stage 201, STA208 can be used active or drive sweep to find AP in scope.In active scan example, STA208 can transmit probe request 211a, 211b, 211c separately to AP1209a, AP2209b and APn209c.As response, each AP can transmit probing response frame 212a, 212b, 212c separately to STA208.In drive sweep example, STA208 can wait for beacon 210a, 210b, the 210c separately receiving from AP1209a, AP2209b and APn209c before carrying out the exchange of probe request/response frame.
At network discovery phase 202, STA208 can search for suitable service provider network by transmit protection system of behavior (GAS) initial request frame 213a to for example AP1209a.As response, AP1209a can transmit inquiry request 213b to network element 209d, and receives inquiry response 213c.In response to receiving inquiry response 213c, AP1209a can transmit GAS initial communication frame 213d to STA208.STA208 can transmit GAS recovery request frame 213e to AP1209a, and receives the GAS recovery request frame 213f as response.If needed, can carry out once or GAS recovery request/response exchange 213g repeatedly, for example, if GAS responds too large to such an extent as to can not be filled in a Medium Access Control (MAC) Management Protocol Data Unit (MMPDU), and GAS fragment (fragmentation) is for transmitting.
Can carry out the additional TSF stage 203.During the TSF stage 203, STA208 can transmit probe request 214a to for example AP1209a, and receives the probing response frame 214b as response.The additional TSF stage can be for the time synchronized timer between further synchronous for example AP1209a and STA208.This synchronously can be carried out by the timestamp field with in probing response frame 214b.
Can carry out authentication phase 204.During authentication phase 204, STA208 can transmit authentication request frames 215a to for example AP1 209a, and receives the authentication response frames 215b as response.
Can carry out association phase 205.During association phase 205, STA208 can transmit association request frame 216a to for example AP1209a, and receives the association response frame 216b as response.
Can carry out fail safe the stage 206 is set.STA208 can be by transmitting Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) from local area network (LAN) (LAN) to AP1209a for example (EAPOL) start frame 217a initiate fail safe the stage 206 be set.AP1209a can transmit EAP claim frame 217b to STA208.EAP claim frame 217b can comprise the field of the sign of indicating AP1209a.STA208 can transmit EAP response frame 217c as response to AP1209a.EAP response frame 217c can comprise the field of the sign of indicating STA208.AP1209a can be used for example aaa protocol to transmit claim frame 217d to network element 209d.Claim frame 217d can comprise the field of the sign of indicating STA208.
Network element 209d can transmit inquiry/Transport Layer Security (TLS) start frame as response to AP1209a.AP1209a can transmit EAP request/TLS start frame 217f to STA208.As response, STA208 can transmit EAP response/TLS client to AP1209a and greet frame 217g.AP1209a can transmit and ask/pass through frame 217h to network element 209d, and receives inquiry/server certificate (certificate) frame 217i as response.AP1209a can transmit EAP to STA208 and ask/pass through frame 217j, and receives the EAP response/client certificate frame 217k as response.
AP1209a can transmit and ask/pass through frame 217l to network element 209d, and receives the inquiry/encryption type frame 217m as response.AP1209a can transmit EAP to STA208 and ask/pass through frame 217n, and receives the EAP response frame 217o as response.AP1209a can transmit claim frame 217p to network element 209d, and receives and accept frame 217q as response.AP1209a can transmit EAP success frame 217r to STA208.In response to EAP success frame 217r, STA208 and AP1209a can carry out the 217s that shakes hands 4 times.
Can carry out IP and be set to obtain IP address assignment the stage 207.For example, STA208 can transmit DHCP (DHCP) to for example AP1209a and find frame 218a.AP1209a can transmit DHCP to network element 209d and find frame 218b, and the DHCP receiving as response provides frame 218c.AP1209a can transmit DHCP to STA208 frame 218d is provided.STA208 can transmit DHCP claim frame 218e to AP1209a.AP1209a can transmit DHCP claim frame 218f to network element 209d, and the DHCP receiving as response confirms (ACK) 218g.AP1209a can transmit DHCP ACK218h to STA208.
Also can use other EAP method that mutual authentication is provided, for example, EAP subscriber identification module (EAP-SIM), EAP authentication and key agreement (AKA) and EAP with TTLS (EAP-TTLS).
802.11 initial link circuit setting up procedure (example exemplary protocols as shown in Figure 2) face some problems.Problem may comprise that 802.11 networks are for example set up and be connected needed reach several seconds even more time span with STA initial.Another problem may be in interactive sessions (for example to work as, while relating to the user of STA the networking telephone (skypo) video), for example, when STA may not maintain connection when another network is switched to 802.11 networks (being switched to WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN) from third generation partner program (3GPP) network).Another problem may be requirement IEEE802.11 network support a large number of users enter simultaneously expansion services set (ESS) and safely for they provide authentication.
These aspects of robustness when some targets of 802.11 networks can exist with regard to initial link circuit setup times, minimum user load and the load of high backstage arrange.About initial link circuit setup times, the initial link circuit setup times that instance object can be IEEE802.11 network is less than 100ms, keep associated (RSNA) security level of robust secure network, wherein initial link circuit setup times can be to obtain the required time quantum of ability that sends Internet protocol (IP) business and valid ip address by AP simultaneously.About minimum user load, instance object can be that at least 100 non-AP STA of IEEE802.11 network support entered ESS within one second, and successfully carries out link setting.Robustness while existing about the load of high backstage, instance object can be to provide link setting at least 50% medium load.
The exemplary method that reduces the initial link circuit setup times of 802.11 networks is summarised in table 1.Yet these examples may be not enough to meet the link setup times target of 100ms, this is because even if use polymerization prediction, even if do not consider network discovery phase, for using drive sweep to carry out link, the possible deadline is set is 90ms.Exist therein in the real network of a large amount of AP, real time consumption obviously can be longer.In addition, it is very long that the IEEE802.11 link shown in Fig. 2 arranges agreement, and will not meet initial link circuit setup times demand.
Table 1
Reference table 1, the time value showing in " may complete " row can be for example based on 802.11ai.
Although may remove 802.11 authentication phases when using RSNA, authentication phase still can be performed to assist backward compatibility.IP address assignment can be integrated in the early stage of the link setting up procedure in 802.11ai.
Example internet engineering task group (IETF) process can comprise the DHCP that is optimized fast IP allocated phase, and it is Fast IP allocative decision.Configuration change counting (CCC) or configuration sequence number can, for GAS configuration and/or AP configuration, be communicated by letter with the system information between AP/ network to optimize STA.
802.11ai process may be not enough to reach the demand that initial link circuit setup times is less than 100ms.This may be because current " possibility " deadline of using drive sweep to carry out link setting is 90ms, even if do not consider network discovery phase.In addition, the numeral that provides is very radical (aggressive) in " may complete " row, for example, for active scan, be 2ms.Exist therein in the real network of a large amount of AP, actual time loss obviously can be longer.Some of link setting up procedure or all stages can be initiated by STA.AP can respond STA request, and can not make AP can initiate the mechanism of the optimization in link setting up procedure.For link setup times faster, keep RSNA security level simultaneously, the most of stage in current 802.11 link setting up procedure can be further optimized.
Current initial link circuit setting up procedure is very long, and does not meet initial link circuit setup times demand.Holding a large number of users, to enter ESS be impossible simultaneously in the identified link setup times frame going out.Need to optimize by dynamic, flexible and interoperable process the method and apparatus of link setting up procedure.
Link setting up procedure in 802.11 does not allow to be included in the optimization of some steps at AP place or the process of the elimination in stage.For example, in 802.11, all stages of link setting up procedure can be initiated by STA as shown in Figure 2 A.
Can define system configuration.For example, can define configuration change counting or configuration sequence number.And, in IEEE802.11, example initial set-up procedure (for example, the agreement shown in Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B), all stages in link setting up procedure can be initiated by STA.Only to STA, request responds AP, and therefore may be not for initiating the mechanism of the optimization of link setting up procedure.For example, and holding a large number of users, to enter ESS (be, impossible in 100ms) at identified link setup times frame simultaneously.
Except above-mentioned, along with the increase of mobility demand, and the increase of availability with the multi-mode equipment of a plurality of wave points, for example, 3GPP and IEEE802.11, the seamless switching between these networks and service continuation may become the differentiated services that operator offers its user.To the safe access procedure of 802.1x/EAPWLAN network may be lacked automation, the stand-by period significantly increasing, non-seamless switching and due to conventionally require user interactions, equipment is provided and has that the switching of the wlan network of voucher (credential) causes in advance before the interruption of the service (for example voice on Internet protocol (VoIP) session) of setting up by Cellular Networks.
One or more execution modes disclosed herein can arrange by accelerate the initial link circuit of 802.11 equipment by the information that AP and/or STA obtain in advance.AP and/or STA can obtain some information about the other side in advance.For example, STA can for example, be switched to wlan network from its connection (3G network) before, or from an AP, is switched to another AP in ESS.In this example, some information suitable or that preferred WLAN AP obtains in advance about candidate STA is possible.The knowledge of STA based on obtaining in advance about preferred AP such as geographical position and network insertion historical (including, but not limited to the position of frequent access, routine work etc.) is also possible.
Because AP and/or STA obtain these information in advance, skip and/or some stage of merging in link setting up procedure is possible.In addition, depend on which information and how much information AP and/or STA have acquired in advance, and various optimization can be applied to link setting up procedure, to reduce link setup times.Process this shortening or that optimize also can be initiated by AP.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that uses in advance the basic process that the link of the acceleration of the information obtaining arranges.Wireless communication system can comprise one or more platform STA301, one or more AP302a, 302b, 302c, and one or more network element 302d.STA301 can comprise wireless transmission receiving element (WTRU), and network element 302d can comprise for example router, local agent (HA), aaa server, AS or RADIUS.
In the instantiation procedure 300 shown in Fig. 3, APn302c can arrange optimization by using the information about STA301 obtaining in advance to initiate link.In addition, the instantiation procedure shown in Fig. 3 can with dynamically, flexibly and mode that can co-operate adapt to multiple different acceleration link setting up procedure, keep backward compatibility simultaneously.
About the link setting up procedure shown in Fig. 2, the basic process of the link setting (ALS) of the acceleration of the information that the use shown in Fig. 3 obtains in advance can be driven by the entity except STA301.If do not obtain in advance the information about STA or AP, ALS can be used as and comprises that AP finds that stage 303, network discovery phase 304, additional TSF stage 305, authentication phase 306, association phase 307, fail safe arrange the 802.11 link setting up procedure that stage 308, IP arrange the stage 309 so.Yet if the AP acquired information stage 310 in advance of having carried out is obtained the information about STA301, or vice versa, STA301 and AP can be used the information obtaining in advance to optimize AP and find the stage 303.In addition, the amount of information about the other side that AP and STA can obtain according to STA and AP consults to skip or shorten the stage after AP finds, for example, network discovery phase 304, additional TSF stage 305, authentication phase 306, association phase 307, the stage 308 is set in fail safe and IP arranges the stage 309.
For example, if STA is just carrying out Internet video call in 3G Cellular Networks, if STA arrives, have the position from the strong signal of preferred AP, STA can be switched to wlan network.STA and preferred AP can obtain in advance the information about the other side by 3G network, such as the relevant parameter of fail safe, available network services etc. before link setting.Suppose in advance the information obtaining, STA can the preferred AP of an active scan rather than scanning area in all available AP, this can shorten AP discovery procedure significantly.And, because STA may obtain relevant parameter and the available network services information of fail safe in advance with AP, they can be skipped network discovery phase 304, additional TSF stage 305 (because TSF can carry out between initial probe request/probe response commutation period) and fail safe the stage 308 is set, to realize link setting faster, keep desired RSNA security level simultaneously.
Example basic process shown in Fig. 3 can comprise that acquired information stage 310, AP find that stage 303 and AP find after-stage 311 in advance.In acquired information stage 310 in advance, AP and/or STA can by the interface except IEEE802.11 airlink between AP and STA directly acquisition about the other side's knowledge.In advance the acquired information stage 310 can be not as the part of link setup times, and can the random time before the link between AP and STA arranges carry out.The acquired information stage 310 can just in time occur before link arranges in advance.In AP finds the stage 303, STA301 can with or by the information obtaining in advance, do not search suitable AP.If the Information Availability obtaining in advance, AP finds to optimize thus, and can between AP and STA, be transmitted and consult for the particular procedure of residue link setting up procedure.Otherwise AP discovery procedure 303 and residue link arrange the stage can be for keeping backward compatibility.AP finds that after-stage 311 can comprise all Remaining Stages of the setting that SAT is connected with IP between AP, for example, Network finding 304, additional TFS305, authentication 306, association 307, fail safe arrange 308 and IP arrange 309.AP finds that after-stage 311 can be built neatly, so that there is no which, is enforceable in stage.In order to accelerate link setting up procedure, each stage can be skipped or optimize according to availability and the amount of information of the information about STA and AP obtaining in advance.In addition, the ALS process shown in Fig. 3 provides the framework for the process of the stage merging or new definition.Selection for the particular procedure of link facilities can be transmitted by the signaling mechanism of suggestion when AP finds that step completes between AP and STA.
With reference to figure 3, STA301 and AP1302a can be at the acquired informations in advance of acquired information stage 310 in advance.For example, if STA301 is connected to WLAN, AP1 can receive candidate STA information 312a from APn302c, and STA301 can receive candidate AP information 313a from APn302c.In another example, for example, if STA is connected to Cellular Networks (, network element 302d), AP1302a can receive candidate STA information 312b from network element 302d, and STA301 can receive candidate AP information 313b from network element 302d.
Candidate STA information 312a, 312b can be for example obtain in advance can be in the knowledge of the candidate STA communicating with sometime in the future about AP1302a for example.Candidate STA information 312a, 312b can comprise for example media access control (MAC) address of candidate STA, the ability of candidate STA, safety information, and/or service packet.Candidate AP information 313a, 313b can be obtain in advance can be in the knowledge of the candidate AP communicating with sometime in the future about STA301 for example.Candidate AP information 313a, 313b can comprise for example service set (SSID), basic service set identifier (BSSID), AP ability, physics (PHY) pattern, one or more speed, safety information, Access Network information on services, and can be included in any out of Memory in beacon or probing response frame.Candidate STA information 312a, 312b and candidate AP information 313a, 313b can also comprise the information shown in table 2 below.
Link setting (ALS) capability indicator of accelerating can be used to indicate STA and whether support ALS, and described STA comprises AP and non-AP STA.ALS designator can comprise for example position label information, and it can be by using reserved bit to be encoded in already present information field.For example, reserved bit can be the capability information field of beacon frame.Reserved bit can also be encoded in one or more information field or information element (IE).
AP and STA can notify their ALS ability mutually by ALS capability indicator, so that ALS process can be triggered effectively.When initial link circuit arranges, AP and STA can send ALS capability indicator information on possible opportunity the earliest at them.For example, AP can send ALS capability indicator in beacon frame and/or probing response frame, and STA can send ALS capability indicator to AP in probe request and/or in as other management/control frame of initial frame.
IE can be for auxiliary ALS process, and can comprise that for example I know your IE, and I know that you respond IE, need more information IE and need more information response IE.These IE can be included in management frames, and can transmit by the WLAN airlink between two STA, and described STA comprises AP and non-AP STA.
I know and can allow AP and/or STA by you IE it has obtained the information about the other side in advance early notification the other side of initial link circuit setting.When AP is used me to know you IE, it can for example, be sent out in first unicast frame from AP to STA (, probe response or authentication response), to notify this AP of STA to obtain what information.This information can comprise that for example AP can know STA sign (for example 48 bit MAC Address); AP can know the demand for services of STA and the ability that AP provides these services; AP and STA share voucher/key etc., and/or need what information, and for example, AP may be about the more information of STA, such as the confirmation from STA and/or STA for the knowledge of shared key etc.When I know that you IE is used by STA, it can be transmitted in first message from STA to AP, and to notify this STA of AP to obtain in advance what information about AP, for example, AP is the preferred AP of STA; STA has obtained the MAC/PHY parameter of AP in advance; STA has the shared voucher/key with AP; STA forward AP provides about the information of STA and/or STA still need to obtain any information from AP.
In addition, I know you IE can also comprise from its sender about how continuing the suggestion of remaining link setting up procedure.For example, described suggestion can comprise that particular procedure completes link setting up procedure, and information that can be based on obtaining in advance.
I know that you respond IE and I are known to the response of you IE, and it can require more information.This response can comprise knowing one or more confirmation, the increase of the item of information of listing in you IE I that receive and/or revising.
Need more information IE can allow AP and the further exchange message of STA, not complete the auxiliary ALS of necessary information communication in the situation that there is the message that I know that you and I know that you respond IE.For example, in order to consult how to complete link setting up procedure, AP and/or STA may need another to take turns message to reach an agreement.Need more information response IE to know that to I that need more information IE or can ask out of Memory you respond the response of IE.
Beacon transmissions agreement be can carry out and overhead and auxiliary quick initial link circuit setting reduced.For example, except conventional beacon, can also transmit short beacon.The content of short beacon can be minimized to reduce overhead, and carries the essential information for initial link circuit arranges fast.In this example, short beacon can be transmitted desired continually as link arranges delay requirement, and like this, can in one or more continuous beacon cycle, replace conventional main beacon, with periodic manner, replace conventional main beacon, or can be transmitted more continually than the main beacon of routine.In addition, short beacon content can be subject to AP to know the impact of pattern, wherein at this AP, knows in pattern, and AP can have the information about one or more STA in advance.Short beacon can comprise the information relevant to one with lower or many persons: AP finds; Network finding; Fail safe (for example, authentication is with associated); For accelerating the higher level protocol of link setting up procedure; I know your IE; I know that you respond IE; Need more information IE; And/or need more information to respond IE.
Support the example short beacon frame 400 of ALS as shown in Figure 4.For example, short beacon frame 400 can comprise that optimizing/minimize the optimization of header 410, the information field 420 that main beacon is relevant, main beacon content/minimize subset field 430, AP finds information field 440, Network finding information field 450, information field 460, higher level protocol information field 470 that fail safe is relevant; And one or more optional element field 480.AP discovery information field 440, networking find that information field 450, information field 460 and/or higher level protocol information field 470 that fail safe is relevant can be included in short beacon frame 400 as required.
In another example, can revise beacon frame to assist quick initial link circuit setting.For example, main beacon may be modified as and allows it to comprise the essential information for initial link circuit arranges fast.In this example, beacon content can be subject to AP to know the impact of pattern, wherein at this AP, knows in pattern, and AP can have the information about one or more STA in advance.Beacon can comprise the information relevant to one with lower or many persons: AP finds; Network finding; Fail safe (for example, authentication is with associated); For accelerating the higher level protocol of link setting up procedure; I know your IE; I know that you respond IE; Need more information IE; And/or need more information to respond IE.
To the instance modification of the main beacon frame 500 of support ALS as shown in Figure 5.For example, main beacon frame 500 can comprise that header 510, main beacon content field 520, information field 530, AP that short beacon is relevant find information field 540, Network finding information field 550, information field 560, higher level protocol information field 570 that fail safe is relevant; And/or one or more optional element field 580.The information field 530 that short beacon is relevant, AP find that information field 540, Network finding information field 550, information field 560 and/or higher level protocol information field 570 that fail safe is relevant can be included in main beacon frame 500 as required.
In addition, ALS capability indicator can be included in beacon frame (both in short beacon also in amended main beacon).ALS capability indicator can be encoded in the capability information field of beacon frame by the bit with reserved, or is encoded in the out of Memory field or information element in beacon frame.
Conventionally the IEEE802.11 management frames that at link middle use is set may be modified as auxiliary quick initial link circuit setting (FILS).For example, association/re-association and probe requests thereby and response message can be by comprising that the information relevant to one with lower or many persons is modified to auxiliary FILS:AP and finds; Network finding; Fail safe (for example, authentication is with associated); For accelerating the higher level protocol of link setting up procedure; I know your IE; I know that you respond IE; Need more information IE; And/or need more information to respond IE.
The IEEE802.11 measurement pilot scanning for auxiliary STA may be modified as auxiliary FILS.Measurement pilot can be public action frame, and it can comprise the subset of information included in main beacon, and can be transmitted more continually than main beacon frame.For example, measurement pilot frequency can be by comprising that the information relevant to one with lower or many persons is modified to auxiliary FILS:AP and finds; Network finding; Fail safe (for example, authentication is with associated); For accelerating the higher level protocol of link setting up procedure; I know your IE; I know that you respond IE; Need more information IE; And/or need more information to respond IE.
In addition, other IEEE802.11u frame (for example, universal advertisement services (GAS) initial request/response and GAS recovery request/response frame) can be by comprising that the information relevant to one with lower or many persons is modified to auxiliary FILS:AP and finds; Network finding; Fail safe (for example, authentication is with associated); For accelerating the higher level protocol of link setting up procedure; I know your IE; I know that you respond IE; Need more information IE; And/or need more information to respond IE.
In another example, for the management frames (being called as FILS management frames) of auxiliary FILS, can comprise the information relevant to one with lower or many persons: AP finds; Network finding; Fail safe (for example, authentication is with associated); For accelerating the higher level protocol of link setting up procedure; I know your IE; I know that you respond IE; And/or need more information IE.FILS management frames can be defined and be embodied as the FILS administration behaviour frame with the behavior that is defined as supporting FILS function.FILS administration behaviour frame can comprise one or more in following pattern: need to confirm the normal mode of (ACK) response and not need to from recipient's ACK without ACK pattern.
FILS administration behaviour frame can be public action frame.FILS administration behaviour frame can for (between BSS) between basic service set and with the AP information exchange of dereferenced STA.The example of this information exchange scene can comprise transmitting STA or AP and reception STA or the AP associated with different B SS, and the one or both transmitting and receiving in STA is not associated with BSS.FILS administration behaviour frame can also have two protected modes, and it can be for STA to STA communication.
Example FILS administration behaviour frame 600 as shown in Figure 6.For example, FILS administration behaviour frame 600 can comprise that classification field 610, behavior field 620, AP find information field 630, Network finding information field 640, information field 650, higher level protocol information field 660 and one or more optional element field 670 that fail safe is relevant.It is public action frame that classification field 610 can for example be indicated FILS administration behaviour frame.Behavior field 620 can be indicated FILS behavior.AP finds that information field 630, Network finding information field 640, information field 650 and/or higher level protocol information field 660 that fail safe is relevant can be included in FILS administration behaviour frame as required.
FILS administration behaviour frame can be transmitted by AP, and can be transmitted with clean culture or broadcast mode.AP can be as supported the valid function of FILS to transmit continually FILS administration behaviour frame needed in BSS/ system.
In another example, FILS administration behaviour function can respond/report frame support by FILS claim frame and FILS.The equipment that transmits FILS claim frame can be asked the information relevant to one with lower or many persons: AP finds; Network finding; Fail safe (for example, authentication is with associated); For accelerating the higher level protocol of link setting up procedure; I know your IE; I know that you respond IE; And/or need more information IE.The equipment that transmission FILS responded/reported frame can respond or report that these information: AP finds by the one to lower or the relevant information of many persons; Network finding; Fail safe (for example, authentication is with associated); For accelerating the higher level protocol of link setting up procedure; I know your IE; I know that you respond IE; Need more information IE; And/or need more information to respond IE.
The information being obtained in advance by AP and/or STA can be found for effectively optimizing AP.For example, STA can obtain preferred AP information by number of mechanisms, for example, before being switched to wlan network, arrive the connection of network, and the AP of storage and the historical data of position etc.At STA place, the information obtaining in advance can be divided into two kinds of main Types: air interface MAC/PHY parameter, for example, those in beacon and/or probing response frame, for example service set (SSID)/infrastructure service set identifier (BSSID), service provide, the speed of ability, PHY parameter, support, service quality (QoS) ability etc., and another kind of type is the information that fail safe is relevant, for example robust secure network (RSN) information, there is the shared key/voucher of time expiration and/or there is effective authentication context of time expiration.The minimum information obtaining in advance at STA place can comprise the MAC Address of preferred AP, for example, and BSSID.Out of Memory item can be available, and uses with incremental mode.
The unique information of the coverage about AP that if the BSSID of AP is STA have been obtained in advance, AP discovery procedure can be optimized from least two aspects.The first, STA can transmit uni-cast probe request frame (non-asterisk wildcard).The second, once receive the confirmation the probing response frame that its preferred AP selects, just can return to AP discovery procedure, and without all available AP in scanning area.If the BSSID of AP and arbitrarily out of Memory item are obtained in advance by STA, can find to apply further to AP and optimize.
Fig. 7 shows the schematic diagram of the example AP discover method 700 of the knowledge with the AP obtaining in advance.In this example, AP710 and/or STA720 can be from having obtained in advance information before to the connection of network (such as 3G, other WLAN AP etc.).The information obtaining in advance can also come from memory and its current location of STA720.The information obtaining in advance can be obtained in every way.In a kind of example, AP710 can receive the message that comprises candidate STA information 722 from network element 725.In another kind of example, STA720 can receive the message that comprises candidate AP information 726 from network element 725.
With reference to figure 7, STA720 can receive beacon 730 from AP710.Beacon 730 can comprise ALS capability indicator.STA can transmit unitcast request frame 740 to AP710.Unitcast request frame 740 can be probe request, and can comprise that I know your IE.Unitcast request frame 740 can be new MAC management frames or amended 820.11MAC management frames.I know that you IE can comprise about AP STA am sought to the item of information from the confirmation of AP and/or the knowledge of correction, its can also comprise bid indicator with request the further information from AP.
When AP710 receives when having me and knowing this claim frame of you IE from STA720, AP710 can be sent back to STA720 by response frame 750.Response frame 750 can comprise that I know that you respond IE, and I know that you respond IE and comprise about how completing the further details of link setting up procedure for this.Another takes turns message can obtain the further information about the other side for AP710 and STA720, and with regard to how completing link setting up procedure reaches an agreement.For example, STA720 can transmit needs more information claim frame 760, and receives and to need more information response frame 770 as response from AP710.When completing AP and find stage 775, can carry out link 780 remainder is set.
In this example, the AP discovery stage 775 can complete in one or two message samsaras between STA and AP, and approximately used time 4ms completes to 10ms.In addition, at this AP, find the stage 775, the knowledge obtaining in advance can be for drawing completing by AP710 and STA720 the optimal way that link arranges the remainder of function.
AP can obtain the knowledge of candidate STA in advance by its connection to network.The information about STA obtaining in advance can comprise the MAC Address of STA; Demand for services; The information that fail safe is relevant (shared key/voucher for example, with time expiration); And/or there is effective authentication context of time expiration etc.What similarly, AP can have can comprise the MAC Address of STA about the minimum knowledge obtaining in advance of STA.Out of Memory item (for example, STA ability, one or more demand for services, safety information etc.) can be available and use with incremental mode.
For example, if AP has obtained information about STA (, only have the MAC Address of STA or have the MAC Address of additional information item) in advance, AP can initiate ALS process after first frame receiving from the MAC Address that comprises STA of STA.
Fig. 8 shows the schematic diagram of the example of the optimization AP discover method 800 that the information based on obtaining is in advance initiated by AP810.The information obtaining in advance can obtain with multitude of different ways.For example, network element 815 can transmit the message that comprises candidate STA information 817 to AP810.In another example, network element 815 can transmit the message that comprises candidate AP information 819 to STA820.
In the example depicted in fig. 8, first frame 830 that receives from STA820 the MAC Address that comprises STA820 as AP810 (for example, probe request) time, if AP810 has obtained the information about STA820 in advance, AP810 can transmit response frame 840 (for example, probing response frame) so.Response frame 840 can comprise indication, and it can be to know your IE for I of the correct AP of STA820.I know that you IE can be for asking further information from STA820.First frame 830 and response frame 840 can all comprise ALS capability indicator separately.When receiving this response from AP810, STA820 can stop scanning process, makes like this time for scanning significantly to reduce.AP810 and STA820 can carry out further information exchange.For example, STA820 can transmit the frame 850 that comprises more information about STA.Frame 850 can comprise the suggestion to link setting up procedure.When response, AP810 can transmit frame 860 as response.Frame 860 can comprise the confirmation of advised link setting up procedure.
In addition, by STA820, I of AP810 am known to the response of you IE, and if need, the further information exchange between AP810 and STA820, AP810 and STA820 can with regard to how completing link setting up procedure reach an agreement in effective mode of time.For example, AP810 and STA820 can agree to skip, optimize or merge some link the stage is set.By this way, AP810 can successfully apply its information obtaining in advance and participate on one's own initiative to determine how to optimize in link setting up procedure.
Link after AP finds arranges available information that optimization can obtain in advance with AP and STA before AP finds and during the AP discovery stage and difference.After table 2 provides the example AP of the difference hypothesis of the knowledge based on obtaining in advance to find, link arranges optimization.
Table 2
The security association of for example, setting up between STA and network (, Cellular Networks) can be enhanced, so that can be for example, at another network (, wlan network) upper to authenticate and safety chain setting with seamless way as required.In one example, the reverse bootstrapping (bootstrap) of the application layer voucher on network can be for being created on the voucher using in the follow-up new Access Layer verification process in another network.The target of development authentication mechanism can be to optimize related step and process, and is convenient to carry out seamless authentication while roaming between various Access Networks.
Use the example of single-sign-on (SSO) agreement (for example, OpenID connection) and reverse bootstrapping can allow STA discovery and the access network of the unknown, for example wlan network before.These may not need at new network place, provide in advance voucher, because can be drawn by bootstrapping from the application service safety of having moved.
The integrated realization of SSO and wlan network selects to comprise the use of aaa server, and this aaa server is integrated identity provider (OP) and enhancement mode ANDSF's (eANDSF) is functional, and aaa server integrated OP functional.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of exemplary method 900, and wherein aaa server 910 can integrated OP and enhancement mode ANDSF (eANDSF) functional so that can realize seamless authentication and rapid link setting.This example can suppose that the OP unit of STA920 and aaa server 910 set up security association, and can be access wlan network and the master key that is enhanced.In the situation that associated between the OP unit of STA920 and aaa server 910 is not also established, can be between the OP unit of STA920 and aaa server 910 with 3GPP initiatively, be connected to exchange OpenID and connect authentication, and generate master key on two entities.
In first example, STA920 can successfully complete the mutual authentication 930 to the OP unit of aaa server 910 by 3GPP Access Network, and shared master key (for example pre-shared key (PSK)) can be established on the OP unit of STA920 and aaa server 910.In addition, the eANDSF unit of STA920 and aaa server 910 can for example mutually authenticate with setting up safely and be connected 940 via 3GPP enhancement mode S14 (eS14) interface.STA920 can be from the eANDSF unit requests wlan network information of aaa server 910, and/or the eANDSF unit of aaa server can be connected to STA and be pushed wlan network information by safe 3GPP.The network information can comprise authentication method and other Access Network parameter of available AP, SSID, use.Use is about the information of available AP and wlan network, and STA920 can not need carry out the drive sweep of beacon or carry out tediously long network discovery process.STA920 can the offer STA920 at once AP960 being selected in the list of top grade to the eANDSF unit from by aaa server 910 transmits probe requests thereby 950.
At STA920, after the AP960 selecting receives probe response 970, it can carry out associated 972 of open authentication 971 and AP960 with selecting.If used 802.1x/EAP method, open authentication 971 just can not provide any fail safe to measure, and can be skipped.
AP960 can be called as authenticator in this example, and can send the EAP request 973 of request STA sign.STA920 can return to EAP response 974, and this EAP response 974 can comprise unique identification, for example IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its territory (realm).This territory can comprise the prompting of using SSO authentication, for example, and IMSI@sso.MNO.com.AP960 can be used for example RADIUS access request to transmit access request 975 to aaa server.Access request 975 can comprise EAP ID.STA sign can be identified in the OP unit of aaa server 910, and it is relevant to already present security association.The OP unit of aaa server 910 can determine certified mistake of STA920, carries out quick EAP authentication, and generates PMK976 based on what generate before with the shared master key of STA.Aaa server 910 can transmit and accept message 977 to AP960.Accept EAP success and key material that message 977 can be included in AP960.AP960 can forward EAP success message 978 to STA920.STA920 can generate PMK980 with the shared master key of itself and OP.
When transmitting EAP success message 978, AP960 can complete 802.1X/EAP authentication, and AP960 can initiate 4 Handshake Protocols 981 to draw temporary key 983, this temporary key 983 can comprise for encrypting the paired instantaneous key (PTK) of unicast service and for the group temporary key (GTK) of broadcast encryption and multicast service.4 times Handshake Protocol 981 can be used four EAPOL cipher key frame message between AP960 and STA920.
Shake hands for 4 times and can use pseudo-random function (PRF) to carry out hash to draw pseudorandom values to difference input.PMK can be the one in the input merging with other input, in order to create the PTK of STA920 and AP960.Other input of some that used by pseudo-random function can be called as random number.Random number can be the random number only generating once, and it uses in cryptographic operation, and is associated with given encryption key.Shake hands for 4 times, random number can be associated with PMK.Random number can only be used once, can not again use together with PMK.Two random numbers can be by 4 establishments of shaking hands, and these two random numbers are AP random number (ANonce) and requestor's random number (SNonce).Snonce also can be called as STA random number.
In order to create PTK, to shake hands for 4 times and can use pseudo-random function, this pseudo-random function has merged PMK, numerical value authenticator random number, requestor's random number, authenticator's MAC Address (AA) and requestor's MAC Address (SPA).
In 4 handshake procedures, AP and STA can create their random numbers separately separately at random.Authenticator (for example, AP960) can for example, transmit EAPOL cipher key frame 982 to requestor (STA920).EAPOL cipher key frame 982 can comprise ANonce.STA920 can have the necessary all inputs of pseudo-random function now.STA920 can draw PTK983 according to PMK, ANonce, SNonce and MAC Address.STA920 can have the PTK that can be used for encrypting unicast service now.
STA920 can transmit EAPOL cipher key frame 984 to AP960.EAPOL cipher key frame can comprise SNonce.AP960 can have the required all inputs of pseudo-random function now.STA920 can also transmit its RSN information element ability and Message Integrity Code (MIC) to AP960.AP960 can draw PTK985 according to PMK, ANonce, SNonce and MAC Address.AP960 can also verify MIC.AP960 can have the paired instantaneous key that can be used for encrypting unicast service now.
The group master key (GMK) that AP960 can have according to it draws GTK986.AP960 can transmit EAPOL cipher key frame 987 to STA920.EAPOL cipher key frame 987 can comprise RSN information element ability and the MIC of ANonce, AP.EAPOL cipher key frame 987 can also be included in STA920 for the message of temporary key is installed.GTK986 can pass to STA920 in clean culture EAPOL cipher key frame 987.The confidentiality of GTK986 can be protected, because it can be encrypted with PTK985.STA920 can transmit EAPOL cipher key frame 988 to confirm to have installed temporary key to AP960.
Due to the above-mentioned optimization to 4 handshake procedures, it is possible that the quantity of the EAPOL cipher key frame message between AP and STA is reduced to two.This can realize by any one in following example optimization.The OP unit of aaa server and STA can strengthen master key to draw PMK and GMK key.Aaa server can all send PMK and GMK to AP.First message of shaking hands for 4 times may be modified as and except ANonce, also comprises the random group random number (GNonce) generating of AP.STA can draw PTK according to PMK, ANonce, SNonce and MAC Address.STA can also draw GTK according to GMK, GNonce and MAC Address.STA can have paired instantaneous key (PTK, GTK) now, and this paired instantaneous key (PTK, GTK) can be for encryption and decryption clean culture, broadcast and multicast business.STA can transmit the EAPOL cipher key frame that comprises SNonce to AP.STA can also transmit its RSN information element ability and Message Integrity Code (MIC) to AP.AP can draw PTK according to PMK, ANonce, SNonce and MAC Address.AP can also draw GTK according to GMK, GNonce and MAC Address.In addition, AP can verify MIC.
Certain point during 4 handshake procedures, STA and AP can have PTK and GTK key, and described PTK and GTK key can be for encryption and decryption clean culture, broadcast and multicast business.Therefore, the residue process of 4 handshake procedures may not need.
When 4 handshake procedures finish, STA920 can obtain IP address and necessary configuration 990 by DHCP agreement, and for example, by one or more name server (DNS) using, and STA can access wlan network 995 now.
As realizing the variation that STA is obtained to the optimization of its IP address and necessary configuration, if eANDSF provides IP address and necessary configuration and aaa server for example to use EAP notification message to send the IP address that is packaged in EAP message and necessary configuration to STA by Cellular Networks to STA, this step can be skipped.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of exemplary method 1000, and wherein aaa server 1005 is integrated OP and eANDSF's is functional can carry out seamless authentication and rapid link setting.This example can be supposed the master key that the OP unit of STA1010 and aaa server 1005 has been set up security association and can be enhanced for accessing wlan network.The network that STA1010 can connect by it before (for example, 3GPP Access Network) successfully completed the mutual authentication 1015 to the OP unit of aaa server 1005, and shared master key (PSK) can be established on the OP unit of STA1010 and aaa server 1005.In addition, the eANDSF unit of STA1010 and aaa server can authenticate mutually, and can for example by 3GPP STA-eS14 interface, set up safety connection 1020.STA1010 can be from the eANDSF unit requests WALN network information of aaa server 1005, and/or the eANDSF unit of aaa server 1005 can connect wlan network information pushing to STA1010 by safe 3GPP.The network information can comprise authentication method and other Access Network parameter of available AP, SSID, use.Use is about the information of available AP and wlan network, and STA1010 can not need carry out the drive sweep of beacon or carry out tediously long network discovery process.STA1010 can the offer STA1010 at once AP1030 being selected in the list of priorization to the eANDSF unit from by aaa server 1005 transmits probe requests thereby 1025.
At STA1010, after the AP1030 selecting receives probe response 1035, it can carry out associated 1041 of open authentication 1040 and AP1030 with selecting.If used 802.1x/EAP method, open authentication 1040 just can not provide any fail safe to measure, and can skip it.
AP1030 can be called as authenticator in this example, and can send the EAP request 1042 of request STA sign.STA1010 can return to EAP response 1043, and this EAP response 1043 can comprise unique identification, for example IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its territory.This territory can comprise the prompting of using SSO authentication, for example, and IMSI@sso.MNO.com.AP1030 can be used for example RADIUS access request to transmit access request 1044 to aaa server 1005.Access request 1044 can comprise EAP ID.
The OP unit of aaa server 1005 can determine that STA1010 need to carry out re-authentication before accepting message to AP transmission.Therefore, before sending EAP success and key material to AP, can exchange one and take turns or take turns more EAP inquiry/response message.For example, aaa server 1005 can generate inquiry (1045) based on STA-OP PSK, and transmits access apply for information 1046 to AP1030.Access apply for information 1046 can comprise EAP ID and/or EAP inquiry.AP1030 can transmit the EAP request message 1047 in response to access apply for information 1046 to STA1010.EAP request message 1047 can comprise sign and/or inquiry.STA1010 can receive EAP request message 1047, checking MAC and generation SRES (1048), and transmit EAP response message 1049 to AP1030.EAP response message 1049 can comprise sign and/or the response to inquiry.
AP1030 can transmit access request message 1050 to aaa server 1005, and receives as the access of response and accept message 1051 from aaa server 1005.Access request message 1050 can comprise EAP ID and/or the response to inquiry.Accept message 1051 can comprise EAP ID, successfully indication and the PMK key to AP.In response to receiving, accept message 1051, AP1030 can transmit EAP success message 1052 to STA1010.In response to receiving EAP success message 1052, STA1010 can be used STA-OP PSK to generate PMK (1053), and can carry out 4 Handshake Protocols 1054 with AP1030, use DHCP IP address requesting to distribute (1055), and enter the Internet (1056) by WLAN, as above described in Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of exemplary method 1100, and wherein aaa server 1101 is integrated OP's is functional can carry out seamless authentication and FILS.The example of Figure 11 can be supposed the master key that the OP unit of STA1102 and aaa server 1101 has been set up security association and can be enhanced for accessing wlan network.STA1102 can successfully complete the mutual authentication to OP by for example 3GPP Access Network, and shared master key (PSK) can be established on the OP unit of STA1102 and aaa server 1101.STA1102 can not arrive the connection of eANDSF, therefore, can pass through other mechanism (for example, using 802.11u) and carry out wlan network discovery.
In the example depicted in fig. 11, during quick EAP process, STA sign can be identified in the OP unit of aaa server 1101, and it is relevant to already present security association.The OP unit of aaa server 1101 can determine that STA1102 is certified, carries out quick EAP authentication, and generates PMK based on what generate before with the shared master key of STA1102.
For example, the network that STA1102 can connect by it before (for example, 3GPP Access Network) successfully completed the mutual authentication 1103 to the OP unit of aaa server 1101, and shared master key (PSK) can be established on the OP unit of STA1102 and aaa server 1101.STA1102 can carry out passive and/or active AP discovery 1104, as shown in Figure 9.STA1102 can carry out one or more GAS message to carry out Network finding 1105.For example, STA1102 can transmit GAS message 1106 to AP1107, and receives the GAS response message 1108 as response from AP1107.
STA1102 can carry out associated 1110 of open authentication 1109 and AP1107 with selecting.If used 802.1x/EAP method, open authentication 1109 just can not provide any fail safe to measure, and can skip it.
AP1107 can be called as authenticator in this example, and can send the EAP request 1112 of request STA sign.STA1102 can return to EAP response 1113, and this EAP response 1113 can comprise unique identification, for example IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its territory.This territory can comprise the prompting of using SSO authentication, for example, and IMSI@sso.MNO.com.AP1107 can be used for example RADIUS access request to transmit access request 1114 to aaa server 1101.Access request 1114 can comprise EAP ID.
Aaa server 1101 can generate PMK (1115) according to STA-OP PSK, and transmits and accept message 1116 to AP1107.Accept message 1116 can comprise EAP ID, successfully indication and the PMK key to AP.AP1107 can transmit EAP success message 1119 to STA1102.As response, STA1102 can be used STA-OP PSK to generate PMK (1102), and can carry out 4 Handshake Protocols 1121 with AP1107, uses DHCP IP address requesting to distribute (1122), and enter the Internet (1123) by WLAN, as described in Fig. 9 above.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of exemplary method 1200, and what wherein aaa server 1201 can integrated OP is functional can carry out seamless authentication and FILS.This example can be supposed the master key that the OP unit of STA1202 and aaa server 1201 has been set up security association and can be enhanced for accessing wlan network.STA1202 can successfully complete the mutual authentication to the OP unit of aaa server 1201 by for example 3GPP Access Network, and shared master key (for example PSK) can be established on the OP unit of STA1202 and aaa server 1201.STA1202 can be free of attachment to eANDSF, therefore, can for example, by other mechanism (using 802.11u), carry out wlan network and find.
With reference to Figure 12, STA1202 can carry out passive and/or active AP discovery 1205, as shown in Figure 9.STA1202 can carry out one or more GAS message to carry out Network finding 1206.For example, STA1202 can transmit GAS message 1207 to AP1204, and receives the GAS response message 1208 as response from AP1204.
STA1202 can carry out associated 1210 of open authentication 1209 and AP1204 with selecting.If used 802.1x/EAP method, open authentication 1209 just can not provide any fail safe to measure, and can skip it.
AP1204 can be called as authenticator in this example, and can send the EAP request 1211 of request STA sign.STA1202 can return to EAP response 1212, and this EAP response 1212 can comprise unique identification, for example IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its territory.This territory can comprise the prompting of using SSO authentication, for example, and IMSI@sso.MNO.com.AP1204 can be used for example RADIUS access request to transmit access request 1213 to aaa server 1201.Access request 1213 can comprise EAP ID.
The OP unit of aaa server 1201 can determine that STA1202 need to carry out re-authentication before accepting message to AP1204 transmission.Therefore, before transmitting EAP success message and key material to AP1204, can exchange one and take turns or take turns more EAP inquiry/response message.For example, aaa server 1201 can generate inquiry (1214) according to STA-OP PSK, and transmits access apply for information 1215 to AP1204.Access apply for information 1215 can comprise EAP ID and/or EAP inquiry.AP1204 can transmit the EAP request message 1216 in response to access apply for information 1215 to STA1202.EAP request message 1216 can comprise sign and/or inquiry.STA1202 can receive EAP request message 1216, checking MAC and generation SRES (1217), and transmit EAP response message 1218 to AP1204.EAP response message 1218 can comprise sign and/or the response to inquiry.
AP1204 can transmit access request message 1219 to aaa server 1201, and receives as the access of response and accept message 1220 from aaa server 1201.Access request message 1219 can comprise EAP ID and/or the response to inquiry.Accept message 1220 can comprise EAP ID, successfully indication and the PMK key to AP.In response to receiving, accept message 1220, AP1204 can transmit EAP success message 1221 to STA1202.In response to receiving EAP success message 1221, STA1202 can be used STA-OP PSK to generate PMK (1222), and can carry out and AP12044 Handshake Protocol 1223, use DHCP IP address requesting to distribute (1224), and enter the Internet (1225) by WLAN, as described in Fig. 9 above.
Figure 13 is that security association for setting up in advance between STA1301 and network is to realize the schematic diagram of seamless authentication and the exemplary method 1300 that initial link circuit arranges fast.In this example, EAP can be packaged in 802.11 authentication frame fast.This can suppose that STA1301 and network (for example having the functional aaa server 1302 of integrated OP) set up security association and can access the master key that wlan network is enhanced for safety.STA can successfully complete the mutual authentication 1303 to AAA/OP by 3GPP Access Network, and shared master key (PSK) and FILS sign 1304 can be established on STA1301 and aaa server 1302.
In this example, 802.11 authentication frame can encapsulate quick EAP message between STA1301 and AP1305.In addition, Snonce and Anonce can exchange by authentication frame, and described authentication frame can be so that 4 Handshake Protocols can be performed simultaneously.For example, STA1301 can generate Snonce1306 and transmit authentication message 1307 to AP1305.Authentication message 1307 can comprise EAP response message, and indicator sequence number, FILS ID, Snonce and/or authenticating tag (Auth-tag).AP1305 can store Snonce (1308), and transmits access request message 1309 to aaa server 1302.Access request message 1309 can be EAP message, and can comprise FILS ID, sequence number (SEQ) and/or Auth-tag.
Aaa server 1302 can identify to search the fail safe context of setting up in advance with STA1301 with FILS.Aaa server 1302 can authentication sequence number.Then this server can continue to verify with Integrity Key the integrality of message, verifies thus the proof that is had that key by equity.If all checkings are success all, aaa server 1302 can generate PMK (1310) according to STA-OP PSK, and transmits and accept message 1311 to AP1305.Accept message and can comprise session key (for example PMK), EAP success message, SEQ, FILS ID, channel bonding information (CB-Info) field and/or authenticating tag (Auth-tag).Auth-tag can for example, so that recipient's (STA or aaa server) can verify the integrality of the message receiving, and determines its validity.Aaa server 1302 can transmit CB-Info in EAP message (not shown), so that STA can verify EAP message, via the AP of correct AP rather than compromise (compromised), receives.
If STA1301 comprises optional [IP_ configuration _ request] ([IP_CFG_REQ]) field in authentication message 1307, aaa server 1302 can transmit IP configuration to STA1301 in [IP_ configuration _ reply] ([IP_CFG_Reply]) field of EAP success message.Note, Optional Field can be indicated in bracket.
In addition, aaa server 1302 can be in EAP success message transfer channel binding information [CB-Info] so that STA1301 can verify EAP message, via correct AP rather than compromise AP, receive.
In response to receiving, accept message 1311, AP1305 can draw PTK (1312) according to PMK, Anonce and/or Snonce, and generates GTK.AP1305 can transmit authentication message 1313 to STA1301.Authentication message 1313 can comprise the EAP success message that for example can indicate SEQ, FILS ID, CB-Info, Anonce and/or Auth-tag.
In response to receiving authentication message 1313, STA1301 can draw PTK (1314) and GTK is installed.When success identity finishes, STA1301 and AP1305 can make (PTG, GTK) key be ready to protect between STA1301 and AP1305 by the data (1315) of 802.11 radio exchanges.
In the situation that STA1301 does not have necessary IP configuration, STA1301 can be used for example 802.11 disassociation frames to exchange to provide the FILS necessary IP address configuration of STA of authentication, so that it can prepare to start application, for example, internet browsing, or ongoing session for example, is switched to wlan network safely from a network (3GPP).For example, STA1301 can transmit association messages 1316 to AP1305, and receives the association messages 1317 as response from AP1305.Association messages 1316 can comprise [IP-CFG-REQ] field, and association messages 1317 can comprise [IP-CFG-Reply] field.
Figure 14 is that for example, security association for setting up in advance between STA1401 and network (, aaa server 1402) is to realize the schematic diagram of seamless authentication and the exemplary method 1400 that initial link circuit arranges fast.In this example, EAP can be packaged in 802.11 disassociation frames fast.Aaa server 1402 can be configured to carry out OP function.
This example can suppose that STA and aaa server 1402 set up security association and can access the master key that wlan network is enhanced for safety.Can suppose that STA1401 has successfully completed the mutual authentication 1403 to the OP unit of aaa server 1402 by 3GPP Access Network, and shared master key (PSK) and FILS sign 1404 can be established on STA1401 and aaa server 1402.
In this example, STA1401 can generate Snonce (1405), and transmits disassociation frame 1406 to AP1407.Disassociation frame 1406 can comprise EAP message, and indicates SEQ, FILS ID, [IP-CFG-REQ], Snonce1405 and/or Auth-tag.AP1407 can receive disassociation frame 1406 and store Snonce1405 (1408).AP1407 can transmit access request frame 1409 to aaa server 1402.Access request frame 1409 can comprise EAP response message, and indicates SEQ, FILS ID, [IP-CFG-REQ] and/or Auth-tag.
In response to receiving access request frame 1409, aaa server 1402 can generate PMK (1410) according to STA-OP PSK.Aaa server 1402 can transmit and accept frame 1411 to AP1407.Accept frame 1411 and can comprise PMK and/or EAP success message, and indicate SEQ, FILS ID, [IP-CFG-Reply], [CB-Info] and/or Auth-tag.
In response to receiving, accept frame 1411, AP1407 can draw PTK (1412) according to PMK, Anonce and/or Snonce, and generates GTK.AP1407 can transmit disassociation frame 1413 to STA1401.Disassociation frame 1413 can comprise EAP success message, and indicates SEQ, FILS ID, [CB-Info], Anonce, [IP-CFG-Reply] and/or Auth-tag.STA1401 can draw PTK (1414) and GTK is installed, and by WLAN enter the Internet (1415).
In this example, 802.11 disassociation frames can at least comprise following content: the quick EAP message between (1) STA and AP; (2) complete 4 needed Snonce of Handshake Protocol and Anonce simultaneously; (3) for [IP-CFG-REQ] from STA to AP and [IP-CFG-Reply] from AP to STA of concurrent IP address assignment.When association finishes, the STA of FILS authentication can have to access safely the necessary IP address configuration of wlan network.
Figure 15 is for example, security association for setting up in advance between STA1501 and network (, aaa server 1502) with the schematic diagram of the exemplary method 1500 of realizing seamless authentication and rapid link and arranging.This example can be based on non-EAP FILS authentication.Aaa server 1502 can be configured to carry out OP and/or eANDSF function.
This example can suppose that STA1501 and aaa server 1502 set up security association and can access the master key that wlan network is enhanced for safety.Can suppose that STA1501 has successfully completed the mutual authentication 1503 to the OP unit of aaa server 1502 by for example 3GPP Access Network, and shared master key (PSK) and FILS are identified on STA1501 and aaa server 1502 and are established (1504).
In this example, 802.11 authentication frame are carried non-EAP authentication message between STA1501 and AP1505.In addition, Anonce can be used authentication frame to send STA1501 to from AP1505, and described authentication frame can make STA1501 can draw PTK.
802.11 disassociation frames can be carried to AP1505 from STA1501 by Snonce, make AP1505 to draw PTK in own this side.In addition, disassociation frame can be carried to AP1505 from STA1501 by optional IP configuring request [IP-CFG-REQ], and [IP-CFG-Reply] is carried to STA1501 from AP1505.When association finishes, the STA of FILS authentication has to access safely the necessary IP address configuration of wlan network.
For example, STA1501 can transmit authentication message 1506 to AP1505.Authentication message 1506 can comprise SEQ, FILS ID and/or Auth-tag.In response to receiving authentication message 1506, AP1505 can transmit access request message 1507 to aaa server 1502.Access request message 1507 can comprise SEQ, FILS ID and/or Auth-tag.Aaa server can generate PMK (1508) according to STA-OP PSK, and transmits and accept message 1509 to AP1505.Accept message and can comprise PMK, SEQ, FILS ID, [CB-Info] and/or Auth-tag.
In response to receiving, accept message 1509, AP1505 can transmit authentication message 1510 to STA1501.Authentication message 1510 can comprise SEQ, [CB-Info], Anonce and/or Auth-tag.STA1501 can generate Snonce (1511), draws PTK, and transmits association messages 1512 to AP1505.Association messages 1512 can comprise Snonce, [IP-CFG-REQ] and/or Auth-tag.
AP1505 can draw PTK (1513) according to PMK, Anonce and Snonce, and generates GTK.AP1505 can transmit association messages 1514 to STA1501.Association messages 1514 can comprise GTK, [IP-CFG-Reply] and/or Auth-tag.In response to receiving association messages 1514, STA1501 can install GTK (1515), and by wlan security ground access (1516).
When the AP discovery stage finishes, process after thering is the availability of the information about the other side that the STA of ALS ability and AP can obtain in advance based on STA and AP and AP that amount of information is consulted ALS and finding.This information obtaining in advance can comprise one or more in for example information of network service, TSF information, 802.11 authentications and related information, EAP/802.1x authentication and safety information and IP address assignment information.Based on this available information obtaining in advance, STA or AP can initiate the negotiation of the rear process of AP discovery of customization (customized).
The example of the signaling that after finding for AP, process is consulted is as shown in table 3, has wherein listed the potential behavior in each stage of link setting up procedure after AP finds, and has been represented by binary sequence.The a succession of numeral starting with " 0b " in table 3 can indicate " 0b " numeral afterwards to represent with binary format.
Table 3
The realization of consulting signaling after AP finds can be multiple.For example, after AP finds, negotiation can realize with above-mentioned FILS administration behaviour frame, and the negotiation signaling code in each stage after wherein finding for AP can be arranged in the field that FILS administration behaviour frame is corresponding.In another kind of example, consult the position mapping that signaling code for example can be used as, in the IE that AP finds message (, I know that your IE and/or I know that you respond IE) and realize.In another kind of example, consult signaling code and can for example, in the IE in being included in other management and control frame (beacon, probe requests thereby and probe response), realize.
Use the example codes in table 3, STA or AP can comprise the ALS information field of 15 bits express its optimized AP find after link setting up procedure.ALS information field can be divided into the section of different size, and each section finds that corresponding to an AP rear link arranges the stage.Bit-order in identifier can be identical with the order of the function phases shown in table 3, and for example, bit 14 and 13 is corresponding to network discovery phase.
For example, for example, if the identification information that AP has obtained candidate STA in advance (, MAC Address and/or demand for services information), AP can determine that Network finding, additional TSF and 802.11 authentication phases can be skipped, and from STA, (for example receive frame as AP, probe request), time, link setting up procedure should be through 802.11 associations, EAP authentication and/or the IP address assignment stage based on DHCP.Therefore, AP can transmit and have the probing response frame that I know you IE to STA, and I know that you IE comprises that the AP of 15 bits finds the rear range code " 0b,111 1,110 0,000 0000 " of crossing for this.If STA receives after this AP finds and crosses range code, STA can transmit I with identical or revised code and know that you respond IE in management frames, to confirm or to revise AP and find rear process, or STA can for example, implicitly accept described code by the next stage (, 802.11 associations) of directly carrying out being advised by code.By this way, AP can arrange optimization by using its knowledge about STA obtaining in advance to initiate link.
In another kind of example, when STA at it probe request to preferred AP comprise for its ALS AP, find after during the ALS information field " 0b,111 111 01 0,010 001 " of process, STA can indicate AP with lower one or many persons: after utilizing the optimized ALS AP of this specific AP to find, process can comprise network discovery phase, and additional TSF and 802.11 authentications can be skipped; Can use amended 802.11 association phases; Can use quick EAP authentication and quick key that scheme is provided; And/or can use the IP address assignment of optimization, and for example, by carry one or more dhcp message in one or more layer 2 message.Receiving indication STA is to have the AP of the probe requests thereby of the STA of the information of acquisition in advance can use similar sequence to transmit probing response frame, and this depends on the amount of information about STA that AP has obtained in advance.The STA that receives probe requests thereby can agree to that the ALS AP of optimization and customization finds that the FILS administration behaviour frame of rear process responds by transmitting in order to confirmation.
After AP and STA consult AP and find during process, if for one or more stage of link setting up procedure, AP and STA have different demands, so stricter demand can take the lead (prevail).The example of different demands can be that STA can ask to skip network discovery phase and AP can ask the situation of 802.11u network discovery phase.In this example, STA can agree to 802.11u network discovery phase when AP asks.In addition, to the final agreement of process after the ALS AP discovery of optimizing, can be confirmed for certain the correct running for ALS.This confirmation can realize by transmitting FILS administration behaviour frame, this FILS administration behaviour frame comprises that the ALS AP of agreement finds rear process, with (for example, probe request, probing response frame, association request frame etc.) indication in the unicast frame of STA to corresponding or AP agree to ALS AP find after the ALS information field of process.
Another kind of exemplary method can comprise the system configuration knowledge that use obtains in advance.For the system configuration of this example, can be called as particular system deployment and operational mode is static or semi-static set of system parameters.This system parameters can also be called as system configuration parameter, and " system " in this context can refer to the Wireless LAN system based on IEEE802.11.
System configuration can be obtained in advance by STA before the link setting up procedure of initiation and BSS/AP, and it can be used to accelerate initial link circuit setting up procedure.
Can define system configuration parameter set.For example, for the operational mode of specific radio LAN system, can define and use three kinds of different configurations below: (1) BSS/AP configuration, is also referred to as BSS configuration or AP configuration; (2) Access Network configuration; (3) the AP/ network configuration of combination, is also referred to as AP/ network configuration.
Each in above-mentioned configuration can comprise a group system parameter, and this system parameters has specified corresponding system operation to arrange.AP configuration parameter set can comprise along with time value changes but static or semi-static BSS/AP operational factor/descriptor.
For system configuration information being used as to the knowledge obtaining in advance, to accelerate link setting up procedure, can select AP configuration parameter by primitive rule below: (a) can be for starting the parameter of BSS/AP operation, for example, the parameter that the MLME_START.request primitive in 802.11 is used; (b) be used to specify the parameter of BSS/AP operation setting, described BSS/AP operation setting can transmit between AP and STA, such as in beacon frame or probing response frame etc.; (c) the dynamic parameter of change value in time not, for example, in a few hours, a couple of days, even keep identical value in the several months; And/or (d) can relevant parameter be set to link.
Based on basic selective rule, the provide the foundation example of facility BSS/AP configuration parameter set of table 4 below.
The example of table 4 infrastructure BSS/AP configuration parameter set
For example, each BSS/AP based on identified (the 6 byte MAC Address of AP) by BSSID of above-mentioned example BSS/AP configuration parameter set.
As shown in table 4, whether each parameter that AP configuration parameter is concentrated has the designator of existence and comes indication parameter value to be present in customized configuration example.Profile instance can be called as configuration indicator.This can allow the subset of the parameter in config set to stipulate specific BSS/AP operational mode by means of the selection of specific PHY pattern and/or some optional system features and function (such as QoS support, interworking service etc.).
Access Network configuration parameter set can comprise static or semi-static operational factor or the descriptor of the Access Network after BSS/AP, and it can arrange relevant to the link of STA.Similarly, in order to accelerate link setting up procedure with Access Network configuration information as the knowledge obtaining in advance, following primitive rule can be applied to select Access Network configuration parameter: (a) can be for the parameter of the service of regulation Access Network, ability, attribute and/or function, those parameters of using in access network discovery message (for example, Access Network vlan query protocol VLAN (ANQP/GAS)) for example; (b) dynamically do not change in time the parameter of numerical value, for example, in a few hours, a couple of days, even keep identical value in the several months; And/or (c) to link, relevant parameter is set.
Based on above-mentioned selective rule, table 5 below provides example Access Network configuration parameter set.
The example of table 5 Access Network configuration parameter set
Similarly, above-mentioned Access Network configuration parameter set can be based on each BSS/AP, and wherein Access Network can be the network that STA can connect by the WLAN of BSS/AP.In addition, as shown in table 5, each parameter of concentrating for Access Network configuration parameter, whether exist designator can be used to indicate parameter value is present in customized configuration example, so that can allow the subset of configuration parameter, carry out the particular network operation of the selectable optional feature of regulation tool and function (for example, urgent warning service etc.).
As the replacement of definition independent AP and network configuration parameters collection, single AP/ network configuration parameters collection that can combinations of definitions carrys out the two operation setting and the service of regulation AP and Access Network.The single AP/ network configuration parameters of combination can comprise for the two operational factor/descriptor of BSS/AP and Access Network.
The selective rule of the AP/ network configuration parameters collection of combination can be the combination of AP configuration parameter selective rule and Access Network configuration selective rule.In addition, two parameter sets in table 4 and table 5 can be merged so that the example of the AP/ network configuration parameters collection of combination to be provided.
Can identify the system configuration example with configuration change counting.System configuration example can refer to have the configuration parameter set of the particular value of distributing to each configuration parameter.Configuration parameter can be used to system running pattern corresponding to regulation.If configuration parameter set can be determined for having the system of optional feature or function, profile instance can comprise the subset of the configuration parameter with effective value so, and all the other parameters can be marked as " not existing ".
Any change to profile instance can cause new profile instance, and for example, parameter value changes, or " not existing " parameter change is " existences " with the effective value of distribution, or " existence " parameter change is " not existing " etc.Profile instance can You Qi version number identify, and this version number is also referred to as configuration change counting (CCC), or configuration sequence number (CSN).CCC can be integer variable, and its value can change when each profile instance changes.CCC can change based on predefined function.Example can be that CCC just increases by 1 when each profile instance changes, once and reach its maximum and just turn back to 0.
BSS/AP configuration can define based on each BSS/AP, and it can for example, be identified by BSSID (, the MAC Address of AP).AP configuration change counting (AP-CCC) can be for the example of sign AP configuration.Therefore, for example the combination of BSSID, Configuration Type and/or AP-CCC can be for identifying the profile instance of given AP, wherein Configuration Type can be indicated the customized configuration in the various configurations that can be defined and use, such as BSS/AP configuration, Access Network configuration etc.
Similarly, integer variable (for example, Access Network configuration change counting (AN-CCC)) can be for the version number of sign Access Network profile instance.The combination of BSSID, Configuration Type and/or AN-CCC can be for sign by the profile instance of the Access Network of AP.
If used the AP/ network configuration of combination, integer variable (for example, AP/ Access Network configuration change counting (AP/AN-CCC)) can be for the version number of the profile instance after identifier combination so.For example, the combination of BSSID, Configuration Type and/or AP/AN-CCC can be for the profile instance of sign AP and the Access Network by AP.
Can use the information communication of predefined system configuration parameter collection executive system.In Wireless LAN system, system information (for example, BSS/AP operational factor, Access Network function and/or attribute etc.) can be sent to STA, the link-recovery while returning for initial link circuit setting with from power savings pattern.Can define system configuration parameter set improve the efficiency that AP/ network is communicated by letter with the system information between STA.
When promoting efficient system communication by system configuration, the definition of system configuration parameter collection can be known by AP/ network and STA.A kind of method that meets this demand for example can be, by normal structure (, the IEEE802) definition of standard configurations parameter set.Alternatively, the definition of system configuration parameter collection can, before using configuration, first transmit by wireless link and/or wire link between AP/ network and STA.
Predefined system configuration parameter collection can be used at AP/ network and STA place.Following example has been summarized AP/ network and can how to have been supported to come to STA transfer system information by predefined set of system parameters.
In first example, for each definition/the system configuration parameter collection that uses, AP can keep profile instance and its corresponding CCC (for example, AP-CCC, AN-CCC and/or AP/AN-CCC), and while being included in each profile instance change, Reconfigurations changes counting.
In second example, AP can provide AP system information based on predefined BSS/AP configuration parameter set.This example can comprise for example provides full BSS/AP profile instance and its corresponding AP-CCC in beacon frame and/or probing response frame.Alternatively, AP can be only by AP-CCC such as finding to provide AP system information in frame, short beacon frame etc. at FILS.
In the 3rd example, AP can provide access net system information based on predefined Access Network configuration parameter set.For example, AP can for example provide full Access Network profile instance and its corresponding AN-CCC in GAS/ANQP frame.Alternatively, AP can only for example provide Access Network information by AN-CCC in beacon, probe response, FILS discovery and/or short beacon frame.
In the 4th example, AP can provide AP/ network system information based on predefined combination AP/ network configuration parameters collection.For example, AP can for example provide full AP/ network configuration example and its corresponding AP/AN-CCC in beacon frame, probing response frame and/or GAP/ANQP frame.Alternatively, AP can be only by AP/AN-CCC such as finding to provide the AP/ network information in frame, short beacon frame etc. at FILS.
Figure 16 is for supporting the schematic diagram of exemplary method 1600 of the use of predefined set of system parameters.With reference to Figure 16, AP can receive the probe requests thereby (1610) that comprises system configuration identifier (for example, BSSID, Configuration Type and/or the combination that can mate the CCC of the CCC that AP has).If the system configuration identifier match (1620) of the system configuration identifier receiving and AP, AP can transmit the probe response (1630) of minimizing.The probe response reducing can refer to probing response frame, and wherein configuration parameter set is not present in this response frame independently of one another.On the contrary, the CCC value identical with CCC value in probe request can be for representing configuration parameter set, to indicate probe requests thereby conveyer STA to have effective profile instance.If the system configuration identifier receiving does not mate the system configuration identifier (1620) of AP, AP can transmit the full probe response of renewal collection and the corresponding profile instance identifier with configuration parameter value, or the probe response (1640) that translator unit reduces, the probe response that wherein part reduces can refer to the probing response frame that does not comprise full profile instance.On the contrary, the probe response that part reduces can comprise the subset (for example, those have the configuration parameter of new value) of new profile instance identifier and configuration parameter.In other words, different value of profile instance identifying from the profile instance identifier providing in probe request can be provided for it.
Difference between the profile instance that this example can require AP can identify its current profile instance and the profile instance identifier that provides in probe request identifies, copy and the variation separately of comparing with current profile instance that these can be by the profile instance before storing several parts and/or profile instance is divided into subset of parameters (for example subset 1, subset 2, subset 3 and subset 4) realizes.CCC also can be divided into four parts, and for example, front 4 bits are associated with subset 1; And/or rear 4 bits are associated with subset 4.By checking in probe requests thereby that, from the CCC of STA, AP can find the subset of parameters changing.
STA can keep with the form of predefined system configuration parameter collection following the tracks of and using the knowledge about BSS and/or network obtaining in advance, to obtain system information.For example, STA can be by being used Configuration knowledge database to keep following the tracks of the knowledge about BSS/AP and/or access net system information of its acquisition.For STA, obtained each BSS/AP about its knowledge, in database, can there is an entry, it can comprise the configuration change counting (the AP/ network configuration of for example, BSS/AP configuration, Access Network configuration and/or combination etc.) of BSSID, SSID, position, final updating time, configuration parameter set and/or correspondence and can exist designator to indicate the value of each configuration parameter existing by it.Entry in configuration database can be organized so that fast access content, and for example, the STA utilization rate sequence based on BSS/AP or the name placement based on BSS/AP or the physics based on STA move routine (routine) sequence etc.When STA obtains the knowledge about new BSS/AP, the entry in configuration database can be initialised, and can when each STA receives the renewal about BSS/AP, (profile instance for example, with new CCC value) safeguard described entry.STA can obtain the knowledge that BSS/AP configures and/or Access Network configures by the wireless link with BSS/AP or with wireless link or the wireless link in Cellular Networks or the wire link etc. of another BSS/AP.
Figure 17 is for supporting the schematic diagram of another exemplary method 1700 of the use of predefined set of system parameters.For example, when STA for example receives full profile instance and its corresponding CCC in beacon frame, probing response frame and/or GAS/ANQP frame (1710), it can check in its acquired Configuration knowledge database whether have entry (1720).If there is no entry in its acquired Configuration knowledge database, it can create new entry (1730) so.If there is entry in its acquired Configuration knowledge database, it can check the configuration change counting newly receiving whether to mate (1740) with the value in configuration database so.If coupling, does not need Reconfigurations database (1750) so.If do not mated, the profile instance that STA can newly receive with this so and its corresponding CCC value be new database (1760) more.
Figure 18 is for supporting the schematic diagram of another exemplary method 1800 of the use of predefined set of system parameters.For example, STA can for example find frame, short beacon frame or in the probing response frame of minimizing, receive the profile instance identifier (1810) that there is no full profile instance information at FILS.STA can determine whether the CCC value in the profile instance identifier receiving mates (1820) with the value of storage.If the CCC value in the profile instance identifier newly receiving is not mated with the value of storing in configuration database, STA can be labeled as corresponding profile instance " discarding " (1830) in database so.If the CCC value in the profile instance identifier newly receiving is mated with the value of storing in configuration database, it can not carry out any change (1840) to configuration database.
Figure 19 is that wherein STA can determine by the profile instance identifier information that there is no full profile instance information receiving the schematic diagram of the exemplary method 1900 of the recent systems information whether it has obtained AP and/or network.This example can be for improvement of system information communication efficiency.For example, STA can start scanning (1910).STA can carry out initiatively or drive sweep.STA can for example receive the BSS/AP configuration change count value (1920) that there is no full AP profile instance information in the probing response frame of FILS discovery frame, short beacon frame or minimizing.STA can determine the effective entry (1930) that whether has BSS/AP in configuration database.If there is effective entry of BSS/AP in configuration database, STA can determine whether the configuration change count value receiving mates (1940) with the value in database.If the AP-CCC receiving mates with the AP-CCC in database, STA can conclude that it has effective up-to-date BSS/AP system information so.Then STA can complete the scanning process (1950) of BSS/AP, and without waiting for beacon frame or probing response frame.In this case, BSS/AP configuration information in database can be used for by the MLME of STA building scan report (1960) in MLME-SCAN.confirm primitive, and can initiate next step action (for example, association) in initial link circuit setting up procedure for STA.If there is not effective BSS/AP entry in configuration database, or the configuration change count value receiving do not mate with the value in database, and STA can continue scanning (1970).
Figure 20 is that wherein STA can comprise the schematic diagram for the exemplary method 2000 of the profile instance identifier information of the system configuration obtaining in advance.During active scan (2010), STA can transmit the probe request (2020) of the profile instance identifier information that comprises the system configuration obtaining in advance for it, and wherein profile instance identifier can be the combination of BSSID, Configuration Type and/or CCC.When using in probe request, profile instance identifier (for example, AP configuring identifier) represents the parameter in configuration.Afterwards, those configuration parameters no longer need to be included in separately in the probe request of each probe request or minimizing.In other words, the use of profile instance identifier information allows STA to use the probe request reducing, so that the transmitting time that probe requests thereby takies (airtime) can reduce.
When STA receives when response (2030), it can determine that the response receiving is entirely, partly or the probing response frame (2040) reducing.When STA receives the probing response frame of the minimizing that has configuring identifier information but there is no full profile instance (2045), this STA can retrieve its knowledge obtaining in advance (2050) in the above described manner with its configuration database.When STA receives part probing response frame (2055), STA can be correspondingly new database (2060) more.When STA receives full probing response frame (2065), STA can determine whether the CCC value in the response receiving mates (2070) with the value in database.If CCC value coupling (2075), does not need more new database (2080) so.If CCC value is not mated (2085), STA can be correspondingly new database (2060) more.
Between Network finding and selecting period, for example, use GAS/ANQP, STA can comprise Access Network configuring identifier information at GAS claim frame, with the network configuration knowledge of indicating it to obtain in advance.In addition, when receiving the GAS response that has profile instance identifier information but there is no whole network profile instance, STA can retrieve the network configuration knowledge that it obtains in advance with its configuration database.
About how managing the Configuration knowledge database obtaining in advance in the layered protocol framework at STA, can also there is multiple replacement.For example, the Configuration knowledge database obtaining in advance can be managed by the connection manager module on the MAC/PHY of MAC layer management entity (MLME), platform management entity (SME) or WLAN air interface etc.
If the Configuration knowledge database obtaining in advance be can't help MLME management, from some information of database (for example, the module that profile instance identifier) may need to be included in MLME and management database is (for example,, in the primitive of the Service Access Point (SAP) between SME).
If the Configuration knowledge database obtaining in advance be can't help MLME management, for example, if managed by SME, two parameters (for example, Configuration Type and AP configuration change counting) may need to be included in primitive MLME-Scan.request.Below table 6 shown example.
The example of the new argument increasing in table 6MLME-Scan.request primitive
If the Configuration knowledge database obtaining in advance be can't help MLME management, for example, if managed by SME, BSS describes and uses configuration change counting collection parameter may need to be included in primitive MLME-Scan.confirm, to allow only having Configuration Type and the operable situation of AP-CCC from the probing response frame of FILS discovery beacon, short beacon or minimizing.Below table 7 shown example.
The example of the new argument increasing in table 7MLME-Scan.confirm primitive
Each BSS describes and uses configuration change counting can comprise one or more in the element shown in table 8 below.
Table 8BSS describes the example of using configuration change counting
In another example, can use the rapid link setting with the location-based knowledge obtaining in advance.The location-based knowledge obtaining in advance can refer to that STA understood about certain geographical position (for example; positions of those frequent access, comprise residence, office, meeting room, daily railway station, local airport, father and mother's residence or other kinsfolks' residence etc.) the knowledge of accessible and/or preferred network.Location-based accessible/preferred network knowledge not only can comprise the system information about Network operation mode, also comprises the security association information of STA and network.When entering the position of frequent access, this location-based accessible/preferred network knowledge obtaining in advance can be used to accelerate link setting up procedure.In addition, it can also be used to promote the quick switching between accessible network, for example, and the unloading from honeycomb to WLAN or the conversion from WiFI to honeycomb.
STA can keep the tracking to the location-based knowledge obtaining in advance in location-based preferred network database, and this database also can be called as location-based network profile, or is called simply position profile.Position in database can be stipulated by geographic location descriptors, for example, and longitude, latitude, height and alternatively azimuth information, and/or civilian location expression.
For each position in database, can there is one or more accessible and/or preferred network.For each accessible and/or preferred network, database can record the knowledge that STA obtains in advance, for example, and the security association information of network identifier, network type, network configuration parameters collection and value and STA and network etc.
Figure 21 is for carry out the schematic diagram of the exemplary method 2100 of rapid link setting by the location-based knowledge obtaining in advance.Whether in this example, STA can start link setting (2110), and definite STA position available (2120).STA position if unavailable (2130), STA can carry out conventional link setting up procedure (2140).If (2150) can be used in STA position, STA can determine STA position profile whether available (2160).If STA position profile can be used (2170), the link setting (2180) that STA can be optimized.If STA position profile unavailable (2185), STA can carry out conventional link setting (2140).
Content in location-based network data base can be configured to STA and/or can be by STA self study and maintenance.When the Information Availability of the current location of STA, the network management module of STA (for example, network connection manager) can optimize its network operation with its location-based network data base, that for example, uses that quick initial link circuit setting is unloaded to WiFi network, foundation and second network from Cellular Networks is additionally connected to distribute more suitably network etc. of dissimilar business and/or gravity treatment.
Following example can be accelerated the link setting up procedure in WiFi network by the location-based knowledge obtaining in advance, for example, and when STA for example knows its current location by the position utilization of already present network connection and/or embedding.
Figure 22 is the schematic diagram that link arranges first exemplary method 2200 of optimization, and the STA that is wherein linked into its location-based network data base knows the BSS that will connect for given position exactly.In this example, STA can skip institute before associated steps in typical 802.11 link setting up procedure in steps.STA can transmit association request frame (2210) to BSS/AP, this association request frame is compared and is also had some additional information item with conventional association request frame, for example, the knowledge that it arranges about the AP/ network operation, use for example has the profile instance identifier of the combination of BSSID, Configuration Type and/or CCC; And/or it is about the knowledge of the security association with AP/ network.STA can determine whether to receive response (2220) from BSS/AP.
If STA does not receive response (2225) within predetermined time interval, BSS/AP may be disabled, and STA can carry out BSS/AP gravity treatment (2230) with location-based network data base or by conventional sweep process.It should be noted that this scene is possible, but be rarely found situation because its can comprise about STA know preferred network (for example, home network or intraoffice network) be can be accessed by hypothesis.
If the knowledge obtaining in advance that STA receives the confirmation STA from AP is counted as effective response (2235) for the configuration change that for example comprises coupling, STA may be advanced to the next step in link setting up procedure, and safeguards arbitrarily behavior without the knowledge data base that it is obtained in advance.This example can suppose that the response receiving can also comprise conventional associated response content item.
If STA the receives indication STA knowledge obtaining in advance from AP is for comprising different configuration changes countings except conventional associated response content item and corresponding one or more renewal (2240) of profile instance informational needs.In this example, STA can carry out the renewal of the knowledge about AP/ network that it is obtained in advance, and it can carry out the corresponding renewal to its database before in the next step (2260) that advances to link setting up procedure.If the knowledge obtaining in advance that STA receives indication STA from AP does not need the response of upgrading, STA can continue link setting up procedure (2260).
STA can optimize fail safe setting up procedure by the security association information with AP/ network obtaining in advance.Notice, utilize above-mentioned optimization, link setting up procedure can be skipped a step consuming time (for example, AP/ Network finding) completely, and can for example, by using the location-based knowledge obtaining in advance to reduce significantly the time of another step consuming time (, fail safe setting).This process may only need between STA and AP about 5 message samsaras (for example, 1 for association, 2 for fail safe, and 2 for IP address assignment), add that AP and 2 message between Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server take turns STA and be connected foundation with the IP between AP/ network.Therefore,, if this process is used the identical time value of the link setting steps providing above, link setup times can reduce to about 20ms.
In second example of its location-based network data base of access, STA can have the knowledge about the preferred BSS/AP in given position, but may before connecting, further confirm.In this example, first STA can verify whether it has the effective information about AP/ network, and then it can complete link setting up procedure by the step providing in example before.Below optimize and can consider for accelerating the checking of the AP/ network information.
STA can be used the probe request/response frame of minimizing and/or the GAS request/response frames of minimizing, wherein " minimizing " for example can refer to, for representing the parameter set of those frames rather than comprising separately the configuring identifier information (, the combination of BSSID, Configuration Type and/or CCC) of each parameter.When STA receive have with database in the response frame of configuring identifier information of information matches time, STA can verify that it is about the data of AP/ network, and may be advanced to the next step in link setting up procedure.
In addition, if STA receives the response frame with full profile instance and different CCC values, STA has in fact obtained the new renewal of corresponding system information so, so it also may be advanced to next step.In addition, can there is various ways to transmit the probe request/response frame of minimizing, for example: STA can transmit the probe requests thereby that clean culture reduces, wherein profile instance identifier information can provide by the BSSID in mac frame header, and one or more of Configuration Type and CCC value is combined in frame main body and provides.The probe requests thereby of utilizing clean culture to reduce, the knowledge about BSS/AP Access Network associated with it that STA can verify that it obtains in advance, and one or more predefined system configuration parameter collection; STA can transmit the probe requests thereby that broadcast reduces, and wherein can comprise a plurality of profile instance identifiers, and each has the combination of BSSID, Configuration Type and CCC.The probe requests thereby of utilizing broadcast to reduce, STA can verify the knowledge with their associated networks in same coverage area about one or more BSS/AP that it obtains in advance.After receiving the probe requests thereby of broadcast minimizing, if the BSSID of AP is the one in the BSSID in the profile instance identifier information providing in claim frame, AP and/or STA just can respond; If at least one profile instance identifier mating with the one in the identifier providing in claim frame is provided for AP and/or STA, this AP and/or STA just can respond the probe requests thereby of the minimizing receiving with the probing response frame reducing; If the BSSID of the profile instance of AP and/or STA and Configuration Type mate with the respective value in one in the identifier providing in claim frame, configuration change counting does not mate, and this AP and/or STA just can respond the probe requests thereby of the minimizing receiving with the conventional probing response frame of the identifier of this AP and/or STA with having full profile instance.
STA can be used profile instance identifier information, for example, more frequently transmit for example, compared with mini system information announcement frame (comparing with conventional beacon frame) (, short beacon frame, beacon frame or FILS find frame etc. fast) in the combination of the BSSID, Configuration Type and/or the CCC value that provide.If profile instance identifier and profile instance identifier match corresponding in database, verified so, and STA may be advanced to the next step in link setting up procedure.
Notice that link setup times in the case can be for verifying the time of the AP/ network information and the time sum of example before.For example, if use active scan,, is used the probe request/response frame reducing, link setup times can be approximately 25ms.If use more frequently transmit compared with mini system information announcement frame (comparing with conventional beacon frame) (such as short beacon frame or beacon frame or FILS find frame etc. fast), link setup times can be approximately the interval that 20ms adds these frames.
Embodiment
1. a device, this device comprises:
Receiver, is configured to receipt message;
Processor, is configured to generate pairwise master key (PMK); And
Transmitter, is configured to transmit request to set up Internet protocol (IP) address assignment by WLAN (wireless local area network) (WLAN) to access point (AP); And
Wherein said receiver and described transmitter are also configured to use described PMK by described WLAN and server communication.
2. according to the device described in embodiment 1, wherein said message indication Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) process is successful.
3. according to the device described in embodiment 1 or 2, wherein said request is the request to DHCP (DHCP).
4. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, wherein said server is authentication，authorization，accounting (AAA) server.
5. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, wherein said receiver and described transmitter are also configured to and the server communication that comprises enhancement mode access network discovery and selection function (eANDSF).
6. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, wherein said receiver and described transmitter are also configured to and the server communication that comprises identity provider (OP) function.
7. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, wherein said processor is configured to use platform identity provider (STA-OP) wildcard (PSK) to generate described PMK.
8. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, wherein said transmitter and receiver is also configured to carry out Handshake Protocol 4 times.
9. according to the device described in embodiment 8, wherein said 4 Handshake Protocols draw pseudorandom values with pseudo-random function.
10. according to the device described in embodiment 9, wherein said pseudorandom values is random number.
11. according to the device described in embodiment 10, and wherein said random number is associated with wildcard (PSK).
12. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, and the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) that wherein said receiver is also configured to receive the first local area network (LAN) (LAN) is cipher key frame (EAPOL).
13. according to the device described in embodiment 12, and wherein said transmitter is also configured to transmit the 2nd EAPOL cipher key frame in response to a described EAPOL cipher key frame.
14. according to the device described in embodiment 12, and a wherein said EAPOL cipher key frame comprises the random number associated with described AP.
15. according to the device described in embodiment 14, and wherein said the 2nd EAPOL cipher key frame comprises the random number associated with described device.
16. according to the device described in any one embodiment in embodiment 13-15, and wherein said receiver is also configured to receive the 3rd EAPOL cipher key frame.
17. according to the device described in embodiment 16, and wherein said transmitter is also configured to transmit the 4th EAPOL cipher key frame in response to described the 3rd EAPOL cipher key frame.
18. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, and wherein said transmitter is also configured to transmit the request to WLAN information to described server.
19. according to the device described in embodiment 18, and wherein said WLAN information comprises available AP, service set (SSID), authentication method or Access Network parameter.
20. according to the device described in embodiment 18 or 19, and wherein said transmitter is also configured to transmit probe request to access point (AP), and without the WLAN information and executing scanning based on asked.
21. according to the device described in embodiment 20, and wherein said scanning is active scan.
22. according to the device described in embodiment 20, and wherein said scanning is drive sweep.
23. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, and wherein said receiver is also configured to receive probing response frame.
24. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, and wherein said processor is also configured to carry out associated with described AP of open authentication agreement.
25. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, and wherein said receiver is also configured to receive Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) request from described AP.
26. according to the device described in embodiment 25, and wherein said transmitter is also configured to transmit EAP response to described AP.
27. according to the device described in embodiment 26, and wherein said EAP response comprises the sign of described device.
28. according to the device described in aforementioned arbitrary embodiment, and wherein said device is platform (STA).
29. according to the device described in any one embodiment in embodiment 1-27, and wherein said device is integrated circuit (IC).
30. 1 kinds of devices, this device comprises:
Transmitter, is configured to the request of transmitting;
Receiver, is configured to receive the response in response to described request.
31. according to the device described in embodiment 30, and wherein said request is access request message.
32. according to the device described in embodiment 30 or 31, and wherein said response is to accept message.
33. according to the device described in any one embodiment in embodiment 30-32, and the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) that wherein said transmitter is also configured to transmit the first local area network (LAN) (LAN) to platform (STA) is cipher key frame (EAPOL).
34. according to the device described in embodiment 33, and wherein said receiver is also configured to receive the 2nd EAPOL cipher key frame in response to a described EAPOL cipher key frame.
35. according to the device described in embodiment 33 or 34, and a wherein said EAPOL cipher key frame comprises the random number associated with described AP.
36. according to the device described in embodiment 35, and wherein said the 2nd EAPOL cipher key frame comprises the random number associated with described device.
37. according to the device described in any one embodiment in embodiment 30-36, and this device also comprises:
Processor, is configured to draw paired instantaneous key (PTK).
38. according to the device described in embodiment 37, and wherein said processor is also configured to draw group temporary key (GTK).
39. according to the device described in any one embodiment in embodiment 34-38, and wherein said transmitter is also configured to transmit the 3rd EAPOL cipher key frame.
40. according to the device described in embodiment 39, and wherein said receiver is also configured to receive the 4th EAPOL cipher key frame in response to described the 3rd EAPOL cipher key frame.
41. according to the device described in any one embodiment in embodiment 30-40, and wherein said response is access apply for information.
42. according to the device described in embodiment 41, and wherein said receiver is also configured to receive EAP response from platform (STA).
43. according to the device described in embodiment 42, and wherein said transmitter is also configured to transmit the access request in response to received EAP response to server.
44. according to the device described in embodiment 43, and wherein said receiver is also configured to accept message from described server.
45. according to the device described in any one embodiment in embodiment 30-44, and wherein said device is access point (AP).
46. according to the device described in any one embodiment in embodiment 30-44, and wherein said device is integrated circuit (IC).
47. 1 kinds can be in embodiment 1-29 the method carried out of the device described in any one embodiment.
48. 1 kinds can be in embodiment 30-46 the method carried out of the device described in any one embodiment.
49. 1 kinds of methods, the method comprises:
Receive probe request;
Determine system configuration identifier whether with the system configuration identifier match of storage; And
In the situation that the system configuration identifier match of described system configuration identifier and described storage transmits the probing response frame in response to the minimizing of described probe request.
50. according to the method described in embodiment 49, and wherein said probe request comprises system configuration identifier.
51. according to the method described in embodiment 49 or 50, and the probing response frame of wherein said minimizing is the probing response frame that has omitted parameter.
52. according to the method described in any one embodiment in embodiment 49-51, and the method also comprises:
In the unmatched situation of system configuration identifier of described system configuration identifier and described storage, transmit in response to the full probing response frame of described probe request or the probing response frame of part minimizing.
53. according to the method described in embodiment 52, and the probing response frame that wherein said part reduces is the probing response frame that does not comprise full configuration indicator.
54. 1 kinds of methods, the method comprises:
Receive configuration indicator and corresponding configuration change counting (CCC) value.
55. according to the method described in embodiment 54, and the method also comprises:
Determine in acquired Configuration knowledge database and whether have configuration indicator entry.
56. according to the method described in embodiment 55, and the method also comprises:
The in the situation that of there is not configuration indicator entry in described acquired Configuration knowledge database, create new configuration indicator entry.
57. according to the method described in embodiment 56, wherein said new configuration indicator entry based on the described configuration indicator receiving and described in the corresponding CCC value that receives.
58. according to the method described in embodiment 57, and the method also comprises:
Whether the CCC value receiving described in determining mates with the CCC value in described acquired Configuration knowledge database.
59. according to the method described in embodiment 58, and the method also comprises:
In the unmatched situation of CCC value in the described CCC value receiving and described acquired Configuration knowledge database, upgrade described acquired Configuration knowledge database.
60. according to the method described in embodiment 59, and wherein said acquired Configuration knowledge database upgrades based on the described CCC value receiving.
61. 1 kinds of access points (AP) that are configured to carry out the method described in any one embodiment in embodiment 49-53.
62. 1 kinds of integrated circuits (IC) that are configured to carry out the method described in any one embodiment in embodiment 49-53.
63. 1 kinds of non-access points (non-AP) that are configured to carry out the method described in any one embodiment in embodiment 54-60.
64. 1 kinds of integrated circuits (IC) that are configured to carry out the method described in any one embodiment in embodiment 54-60.
Although described feature and element specifically to combine above, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the use that each feature or element can be independent or be used in combination with other feature and element.In addition, method described herein can be implemented in computer program, software or firmware in being incorporated into computer-readable medium and for computer or processor operation.The example of computer-readable medium comprises the signal of telecommunication (transmitting by wired or wireless connection) and computer-readable recording medium.The example of computer-readable recording medium comprises but is not restricted to read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), register, buffer storage, semiconductor memory devices, magnetizing mediums (for example internal hard drive and removable disk), magnet-optical medium, for example, with light medium (CD-ROM dish, and digital multi-purpose video disc (DVD)).The processor being associated with software can be for being implemented in the radio-frequency (RF) transceiver of using in WTRU, UE, terminal, base station, RNC or any master computer.

Claims (19)

1.一种站台(STA)，该站台包括：1. A station (STA), comprising: 接收机，被配置成接收指示可扩展认证协议(EAP)过程成功的消息；a receiver configured to receive a message indicating the success of the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) procedure; 处理器，被配置成生成成对主密钥(PMK)；以及a processor configured to generate a pairwise master key (PMK); and 发射机，被配置成向接入点(AP)传送动态主机配置协议(DHCP)请求，以通过无线局域网(WLAN)建立网际协议(IP)地址分配；以及a transmitter configured to transmit a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) request to an access point (AP) to establish an Internet Protocol (IP) address assignment over a wireless local area network (WLAN); and 其中所述接收机和所述发射机还被配置成使用所述PMK通过所述WLAN与认证、授权和计费(AAA)服务器通信。Wherein the receiver and the transmitter are further configured to communicate with an Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server over the WLAN using the PMK. 2.根据权利要求1所述的STA，其中所述处理器被配置成使用站台身份提供方(STA-OP)预共享密钥(PSK)来生成所述PMK。2. The STA of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to generate the PMK using a station identity provider (STA-OP) pre-shared key (PSK). 3.根据权利要求1所述的STA，其中所述发射机和接收机还被配置成执行4次握手协议。3. The STA of claim 1, wherein the transmitter and receiver are further configured to perform a 4-way handshake protocol. 4.根据权利要求3所述的STA，其中所述4次握手协议使用伪随机函数来得出伪随机值。4. The STA of claim 3, wherein the 4-way handshake protocol uses a pseudorandom function to derive a pseudorandom value. 5.根据权利要求4所述的STA，其中所述伪随机值是随机数。5. The STA of claim 4, wherein the pseudo-random value is a random number. 6.根据权利要求5所述的STA，其中所述随机数与预共享密钥(PSK)关联。6. The STA of claim 5, wherein the nonce is associated with a pre-shared key (PSK). 7.根据权利要求4所述的STA，其中所述接收机还被配置成接收第一局域网(LAN)的可扩展认证协议(EAP)(EAPOL)密钥帧，以及所述发射机还被配置成传送响应于所述第一EAPOL密钥帧的第二EAPOL密钥帧。7. The STA of claim 4, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive an Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) (EAPOL) key frame of a first local area network (LAN), and the transmitter is further configured to to transmit a second EAPOL key frame responsive to said first EAPOL key frame. 8.根据权利要求7所述的STA，其中所述第一EAPOL密钥帧包括与所述AP关联的随机数，以及其中所述第二EAPOL密钥帧包括与所述STA关联的随机数。8. The STA of claim 7, wherein the first EAPOL key frame includes a nonce associated with the AP, and wherein the second EAPOL key frame includes a nonce associated with the STA. 9.根据权利要求8所述的STA，其中所述接收机还被配置成接收第三EAPOL密钥帧，以及所述发射机还被配置成传送响应于所述第三EAPOL密钥帧的第四EAPOL密钥帧。9. The STA of claim 8, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a third EAPOL key frame, and the transmitter is further configured to transmit a third EAPOL key frame in response to the third EAPOL key frame. Four EAPOL key frames. 10.根据权利要求1所述的STA，其中所述发射机还被配置成向所述AAA服务器传送对WLAN信息的请求。10. The STA of claim 1, wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit a request for WLAN information to the AAA server. 11.根据权利要求10所述的STA，其中所述WLAN信息包括可用AP、服务集标识(SSID)、认证方法、或者接入网参数。11. The STA according to claim 10, wherein the WLAN information includes available APs, service set identifiers (SSIDs), authentication methods, or access network parameters. 12.根据权利要求10所述的STA，其中所述发射机还被配置成向接入点(AP)传送探测请求帧，而无需基于所请求的WLAN信息来执行扫描。12. The STA of claim 10, wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit a probe request frame to an access point (AP) without performing a scan based on the requested WLAN information. 13.根据权利要求12所述的STA，其中所述扫描是主动扫描。13. The STA of claim 12, wherein the scan is an active scan. 14.根据权利要求12所述的STA，其中所述扫描是被动扫描。14. The STA of claim 12, wherein the scanning is a passive scanning. 15.根据权利要求12所述的STA，其中所述接收机还被配置成接收探测响应帧，以及其中所述处理器还被配置成执行开放认证协议和与所述AP的关联。15. The STA of claim 12, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive a probe response frame, and wherein the processor is further configured to perform an open authentication protocol and association with the AP. 16.根据权利要求15所述的STA，其中所述接收机还被配置成从所述AP接收EAP请求。16. The STA of claim 15, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive an EAP request from the AP. 17.根据权利要求16所述的STA，其中所述发射机还被配置成向所述AP传送EAP响应，其中所述EAP响应包括所述STA的标识。17. The STA of claim 16, wherein the transmitter is further configured to transmit an EAP response to the AP, wherein the EAP response includes an identification of the STA. 18.一种在接入点(AP)中使用的方法，该方法包括：18. A method for use in an access point (AP), the method comprising: 接收包括系统配置标识符的探测请求帧；receiving a probe request frame including a system configuration identifier; 确定所述系统配置标识符是否与存储的系统配置标识符匹配；determining whether the system configuration identifier matches a stored system configuration identifier; 在所述系统配置标识符与所述存储的系统配置标识符匹配的情况下，传送响应于所述探测请求帧的减少的探测响应帧，其中所述减少的探测响应帧是省略了参数的探测响应帧；以及Where the system configuration identifier matches the stored system configuration identifier, transmitting a reduced probe response frame in response to the probe request frame, wherein the reduced probe response frame is a probe with parameters omitted response frame; and 在所述系统配置标识符与所述存储的系统配置标识符不匹配的情况下，传送响应于所述探测请求帧的全探测响应帧或者部分减少的探测响应帧，其中所述部分减少的探测响应帧是不包括全配置指示符的探测响应帧。In the event that the system configuration identifier does not match the stored system configuration identifier, transmitting a full probe response frame or a partially reduced probe response frame in response to the probe request frame, wherein the partially reduced probe A response frame is a probe response frame that does not include a full configuration indicator. 19.一种在非接入点(非AP)站台(STA)中使用的方法，该方法包括：19. A method for use in a non-access point (non-AP) station (STA), the method comprising: 接收配置指示符和对应的配置改变计数(CCC)值；receiving a configuration indicator and a corresponding configuration change count (CCC) value; 确定在已获得的配置知识数据库中是否存在配置指示符条目；determining whether a configuration indicator entry exists in the acquired configuration knowledge database; 在所述已获得的配置知识数据库中不存在配置指示符条目的情况下，基于所接收到的配置指示符和所接收到的对应的CCC值来创建新的配置指示符条目；creating a new configuration indicator entry based on the received configuration indicator and the received corresponding CCC value, in case no configuration indicator entry exists in the obtained configuration knowledge database; 确定所接收到的CCC值是否与所述已获得的配置知识数据库中的CCC值匹配；以及determining whether the received CCC value matches a CCC value in the obtained configuration knowledge database; and 在所接收到的CCC值与所述已获得的配置知识数据库中的CCC值不匹配的情况下，基于所接收到的CCC值更新所述已获得的配置知识数据库。In case the received CCC value does not match the CCC value in the obtained configuration knowledge database, updating the obtained configuration knowledge database based on the received CCC value.
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