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CN1040237C - Process for preparing spongy foam nickel - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN1040237C
CN1040237C CN95102640A CN95102640A CN1040237C CN 1040237 C CN1040237 C CN 1040237C CN 95102640 A CN95102640 A CN 95102640A CN 95102640 A CN95102640 A CN 95102640A CN 1040237 C CN1040237 C CN 1040237C
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nickel
sputtering
electroplating
preparation
substrate
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CN1109922A (en
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石殿普
张丽芳
李文明
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Hunan Corun New Energy Co Ltd
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Jilin University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

本发明的海绵状泡沫镍的制备方法属用于作蓄电池极板和镍加氢催化剂的镍金属网板的制备方法。使用粗化过的聚醚聚胺脂作基底,用磁控溅射方法制成电镀用阴极,经电镀镀镍、水洗干燥、热处理等过程制成海绵状泡沫镍。溅射法制电镀用阴极时,以纯镍为靶,在氩气氛中进行。用本发明的方法可制备出大面积海绵状泡沫镍,镀层均匀牢固、整块连续、无石墨杂质纯度高、且不污染环境;实际应用时,由于孔隙细密,接触表面积大而效率高。The preparation method of the spongy nickel foam of the invention belongs to the preparation method of the nickel metal mesh plate used as the storage battery pole plate and the nickel hydrogenation catalyst. The roughened polyether polyurethane is used as the substrate, the cathode for electroplating is made by magnetron sputtering, and the sponge-like foamed nickel is made through nickel plating, water washing and drying, heat treatment and other processes. When the sputtering method is used to prepare the cathode for electroplating, pure nickel is used as the target, and it is carried out in an argon atmosphere. The method of the invention can be used to prepare large-area spongy nickel foam, the coating is uniform and firm, the whole piece is continuous, free of graphite impurities, high in purity, and does not pollute the environment; in practical application, due to fine pores, large contact surface area and high efficiency.

Description

一种海绵状泡沫镍的制备方法A kind of preparation method of spongy nickel foam

本发明属于海绵状的金属网板的制备方法,特别涉及用于作蓄电池极板和镍加氢催化剂的海绵状泡沫镍的制备方法。The invention belongs to a preparation method of a spongy metal mesh plate, in particular to a preparation method of a spongy foamed nickel used as a storage battery pole plate and a nickel hydrogenation catalyst.

海绵状泡沫镍是由金属镍构成的有许多较小孔隙的一片镍网板。这种称之为海绵状泡沫镍的网板可以用来作高效高能蓄电池的电极板,由于有许多小孔隙,使镍极板充分与蓄电池液接触,接触面积增大,而提高了蓄电池的性能。这种海绵状泡沫镍,还可以作为镍加氢催化剂用于化学工业。可以说,它是用途广泛的金属网板。Sponge nickel foam is a piece of nickel mesh with many small pores made of metallic nickel. This kind of mesh plate called spongy nickel foam can be used as the electrode plate of high-efficiency and high-energy batteries. Because there are many small pores, the nickel plate is fully in contact with the battery liquid, and the contact area is increased, which improves the performance of the battery. . This spongy nickel foam can also be used in the chemical industry as a nickel hydrogenation catalyst. It can be said that it is a metal mesh panel with a wide range of uses.

已有的海绵状泡沫镍的制备方法,主要包括基底粗化,制作电镀用阴极(泡沫金属化),镀镍,后处理等过程。与本发明最接近的现有技术是一份欧洲专利局公开的“Method for the production of a metal foam and a metal foamobtained”的专利申请,(申请号93200510.1,公开日93年9月1日,公开号EP0558142)。该现有技术公开了以阴极溅射法对诸如聚氨脂、聚酯、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯之类有机泡沫基体镀覆导电金属(铜或镍)制作电镀用阴极,再经电镀制得金属泡沫。在电镀中,以镍为镀液,并加具有光亮剂性能的化合物。这种制备泡沫金属的方法,由于阴极溅射制备电镀用极阴(即泡沫金属化)时,温度高,易使泡沫基底变形甚至烧焦,或者堵塞了泡沫孔隙,使孔隙内溅射不到导电金属,影响泡沫金属的质量;由于泡沫基底可以用铜制备,由于电镀时有光亮剂性质的化合物存在,而使泡沫镍的纯度受到影响;所得产品由于受阴极溅射法温度高的限制不能得到大面积的成品,由于没有后处理,而具有韧性差因而不便于保管、运输和使用。The existing preparation method of spongy nickel foam mainly includes processes such as substrate roughening, making a cathode for electroplating (foam metallization), nickel plating, and post-treatment. The closest prior art with the present invention is a patent application for "Method for the production of a metal foam and a metal foam obtained" disclosed by the European Patent Office, (application number 93200510.1, published on September 1st, 1993, published No. EP0558142). This prior art discloses electroplating cathodes such as polyurethane, polyester, polystyrene, polypropylene and the like organic foam substrates are plated with conductive metals (copper or nickel) by cathode sputtering, and then obtained through electroplating metal foam. In electroplating, nickel is used as the plating solution, and compounds with brightener properties are added. In this method of preparing metal foam, due to the high temperature of cathode sputtering to prepare the cathode for electroplating (i.e. foam metallization), it is easy to deform or even burn the foam base, or block the foam pores, so that the sputtering in the pores cannot Conductive metals affect the quality of foamed metals; since the foam base can be prepared with copper, the purity of nickel foams is affected due to the presence of compounds with brightener properties during electroplating; the resulting products cannot be used due to the high temperature of the cathode sputtering method. Obtain the finished product of large area, because there is no post-processing, and have poor toughness and thus be inconvenient to keep, transport and use.

本发明的目的在于改进已有技术的制备工艺过程,以克服已有技术的不足,制备出大面积的均匀的纯度高韧性好的海绵状泡沫镍,并且基底不变形,提高成品率。The purpose of the present invention is to improve the preparation process of the prior art, to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to prepare a large area of uniform spongy nickel foam with high purity, high toughness, and no deformation of the substrate, so as to improve the yield.

本发明的海绵状泡沫镍的制备方法,其过程主要包括:基底粗化或选用粗化过的聚醚聚胺脂作基底,用磁控溅射方法制作电镀用阴极、镀镍等。基底粗化过程与已有技术是相同的。也可以直接使用经过粗化的聚醚聚胺脂作基底制作电镀用阴极;再经镀镍、水洗干燥,进行后处理。本发明所说的制作电镀用阴极是采用磁控溅射的方法,在镀膜机中,以纯镍为靶,通电后在基底的表面和孔隙内生长镍,从而形成金属镍作导体的电镀用阴极。将此电镀用阴极装夹,置于含镍离子的电镀液中进行镀镍,时间为(40~50)分钟。所说的后处理是热处理,即是在(800~900)℃温度下保温1小时,烧掉聚醚聚胺脂基底而成为海绵状泡沫镍。The preparation method of the spongy nickel foam of the present invention mainly includes: roughening the substrate or selecting roughened polyether polyurethane as the substrate, making cathodes for electroplating, nickel plating, etc. by magnetron sputtering. The substrate roughening process is the same as in the prior art. It is also possible to directly use the roughened polyether polyurethane as the substrate to make the cathode for electroplating; and then perform post-treatment after nickel plating, washing and drying. The method for making the cathode for electroplating in the present invention adopts the method of magnetron sputtering. In the coating machine, pure nickel is used as a target, and nickel is grown on the surface of the substrate and in the pores after electrification, thereby forming a cathode for electroplating in which metallic nickel is used as a conductor. . The electroplating cathode is clamped and placed in an electroplating solution containing nickel ions for nickel plating for (40-50) minutes. The post-treatment is heat treatment, that is, keeping the temperature at (800-900)° C. for 1 hour to burn off the polyether polyurethane base to form a spongy nickel foam.

用磁控溅射法制作电镀用阴极时,在氩气气氛中控制电流密度在(0.1~1.5)×10-2A/cm2范围,控制溅射时间在(20~100)秒,两电极间距离在(10~30)cm间,在溅射前先抽真空,真空度为(0.8~3.5)×10-5毫米汞柱,充入氩气后真空度在(2~3.5)×10-4毫米汞柱。When using the magnetron sputtering method to make the cathode for electroplating, control the current density in the range of (0.1~1.5)×10 -2 A/cm 2 in the argon atmosphere, and control the sputtering time in (20~100) seconds, the two electrodes The distance between them is between (10~30) cm, vacuumize before sputtering, the vacuum degree is (0.8~3.5)×10 -5 mmHg, and the vacuum degree after filling with argon is (2~3.5)×10 -4 mm Hg.

用磁控溅射法作电镀有阴极时,电流密度、溅射时间影响到基底上镍单质的质量,溅射过多,聚醚聚胺脂表面被糊死,在镀镍时,基底内部将镀不到镍;溅射过少,镀镍时,镍生长不够牢固。因而,电流密度最好控制在(0.2~0.5)×10-2A/cm2,溅射时间最好控制在(30~60)秒。When magnetron sputtering is used for electroplating with a cathode, the current density and sputtering time will affect the quality of nickel on the substrate. If there is too much sputtering, the surface of polyether polyurethane will be glued to death. During nickel plating, the inside of the substrate will be No nickel plating; too little sputtering, nickel growth is not strong enough when nickel plating. Therefore, the current density is preferably controlled at (0.2-0.5)×10 -2 A/cm 2 , and the sputtering time is preferably controlled at (30-60) seconds.

为制作不同用途的海绵状泡沫镍,还需要校平、裁切、以达到实际应用的形状和大小,再包装形成产品,便于运输、保管和使用。In order to make spongy nickel foam for different purposes, it needs to be leveled and cut to achieve the shape and size of the actual application, and then packaged to form a product, which is convenient for transportation, storage and use.

由于本发明使用磁控溅射方法制作电镀用阴极,在电镀时,溅射到聚醚聚胺脂泡沫上的镍不溶于电镀液,使镍的镀层均匀而且牢固,可以制备大块的海绵状泡沫镍,每块面积可达1m2以上,且整块是连续的;使用本发明的海绵状泡沫镍的制备方法,所得产品孔隙细密,表面积大,可以提高蓄电池或镍加氢催化剂的使用效率。同时,由于泡沫金属化时温度低,基底不变形,所制做的阴极平整且孔隙内部都溅射有镍层,加上有热处理过程,有利于提高泡沫镍的纯度、韧性和成品率。Because the present invention uses the magnetron sputtering method to make the electroplating cathode, during electroplating, the nickel sputtered onto the polyether polyurethane foam is insoluble in the electroplating solution, so that the nickel coating is uniform and firm, and a large spongy shape can be prepared. Nickel foam, each area can reach more than 1m2 , and the whole piece is continuous; using the preparation method of spongy nickel foam of the present invention, the resulting product has fine pores and large surface area, which can improve the use efficiency of storage batteries or nickel hydrogenation catalysts . At the same time, due to the low temperature during metallization of the foam, the substrate does not deform, the cathode is flat and the nickel layer is sputtered inside the pores, and there is a heat treatment process, which is conducive to improving the purity, toughness and yield of nickel foam.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of preparation method of spongy foam nickel uses through the polyethers polyamine fat of alligatoring and does substrate, makes to electroplate and uses negative electrode; Through nickel plating, the dry last handling process that waits of washing water is prepared spongy foam nickel, and said nickel plating is to carry out in nickeliferous ionic electroplate liquid, and the time is (40~50) minute; The invention is characterized in that it is to carry out with the method for magnetron sputtering that said making is electroplated with negative electrode, in coating equipment, is target with the pure nickel, and in argon gas atmosphere, control current density is in (0.1~1.5) * 10 -2A/cm 2Scope, the control sputtering time is at (20~100) S, and two interelectrode distances vacuumize earlier before the sputter between (10~30) cm, and vacuum tightness is (0.8~3.5) * 10 -5Mmhg charges into argon gas final vacuum degree in (2~3.5) * 10 4Mmhg; After the energising, the nickel of in substrate table and hole, growing, the plating negative electrode of formation nickel metal; Said aftertreatment is to be incubated 1 hour under (800~900) ℃ temperature, burns the substrate of polyethers polyamine fat.
2, according to the preparation method of the described spongy foam nickel of claim 1, it is characterized in that make electroplating when using negative electrode with sputtering method, current density is controlled at (0.2~0.5) * 10 -2A/cm 2, sputtering time is (30~60) S.
CN95102640A 1995-03-11 1995-03-11 Process for preparing spongy foam nickel Expired - Lifetime CN1040237C (en)

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Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1148465C (en) * 2001-12-24 2004-05-05 夏登峰 Method for preparing composite conductive material
CN100368574C (en) * 2005-08-10 2008-02-13 广州有色金属研究院 A kind of foamed nickel base alloy with high porosity and preparation method thereof
CN1818106A (en) * 2005-12-31 2006-08-16 薛攀霆 Sintered porous hollow polyurethane sponge-like metal structure and method of forming same
CN100372808C (en) * 2006-04-18 2008-03-05 中国建筑材料科学研究院大石桥镁砖厂 Making process of zirconium-containing magnesia brick
CN101396661B (en) * 2007-09-26 2010-06-23 中国科学院金属研究所 High aperture-ratio foam manganese dioxide catalyst material and preparation method and use thereof
CN108103506A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-06-01 常德力元新材料有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of foam metal shielding material
CN110931329B (en) * 2019-12-11 2022-03-04 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 Preparation method of columnar nickel sponge oxide cathode

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0558142A1 (en) * 1992-02-26 1993-09-01 Stork Screens B.V. Method for the production of a metal foam and a metal foam obtained

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0558142A1 (en) * 1992-02-26 1993-09-01 Stork Screens B.V. Method for the production of a metal foam and a metal foam obtained

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