CN1040241C - Plaster building block and its mfg. method - Google Patents
Plaster building block and its mfg. method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1040241C CN1040241C CN95114832A CN95114832A CN1040241C CN 1040241 C CN1040241 C CN 1040241C CN 95114832 A CN95114832 A CN 95114832A CN 95114832 A CN95114832 A CN 95114832A CN 1040241 C CN1040241 C CN 1040241C
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- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- sandwich layer
- slip
- gypsum
- unit weight
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- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 title abstract 7
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical group C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000238586 Cirripedia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a plaster building block with light weight and high strength and a manufacturing method thereof, particularly to a plaster building block which is formed by compounding a sandwich layer and a surface layer, and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises: semi-hydrated gypsum powder is especially treated by different processes into two kinds of plaster slurry with different bulk weight; the plaster slurry with lighter bulk weight is made into the sandwich layer; the plaster slurry with heavier bulk weight is made into the surface layer; the sandwich layer and the surface layer are compounded and formed into plaster walling materials.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of lightweight, high-strength gypsum block and manufacture method thereof, particularly by the gypsum block and the manufacture method thereof of sandwich layer and surface layer composite molding.
The present gypsum wall material that widely uses, the seventies is the hollow gypsum batten.Unit weight is cubic meter 800--1000 kilogram, shape resembles cassette ceiling, this material, the traditional common brick body of wall unit weight of volume to weight ratio reduces by 50%, but its soundproof effect is relatively poor, and breakage is bigger in the transportation work progress, because of its specification bigger, monolithic weight is 115 kilograms, and no special implement and crane gear are difficult to construction, and limited by the place.
The building-block of the eighties development and production is actually the little hollow lath of specification, and it has kept advantages such as hollow lath is in light weight, but complicated operation, and sound insulation is undesirable, and unit weight still shows high, and price is also higher.
At present, the gypsum block production that China is more advanced is the unlike material composite molding.Sandwich layer is waste foam plastics or other light material, is pressed into the material of required specification after fragmentation, and gypsum is as the outer covering material of surface layer, this technology can make gypsum block unit weight be reduced to every cubic metre of 700-800 kilogram, but still undesirable, and defening effect is poor, and fireproof performance is lower.
Also there is producer in gypsum raw material, to add light materials such as perlite, one-shot forming production, but wanting of volume to weight ratio composite molding is high.
In the development and production of gypsum block, topmost problem is to want to reduce unit weight, must reduce intensity, and in order to guarantee working strength, then unit weight is difficult to descend.At present, the various gypsum block unit weights of domestic production mostly are between every cubic metre of 800-1200 kilogram, are difficult to break through, and the unit weight of external real core gypsum block is also about 900 kilograms every cubic metre, for the large-scale production popularization causes difficulty.
Purpose of the present invention promptly will solve gypsum block, unit weight is strength deficiency then gently, and to reach using strength then unit weight the problem of not getting off is fallen, it is low and using strength is higher, inexpensive, of fine quality, sound insulation, fireproof performance are preferable to obtain a kind of unit weight, and is easy to transport the gypsum wall material of construction.
Gypsum block of the present invention, it is mainly formed (Fig. 1,2,3) by the semi-hydrated gypsum powder manufacturing, form by sandwich layer (2) and surface layer (1) composite molding, it is made the slip of different unit weights by the identical raw material of basic composition, make described sandwich layer (2) by the slip that wherein capacity is low, make described surface layer (1) by the higher slip of unit weight wherein, by above-mentioned sandwich layer (2) and surface layer (1) composite molding, its finished product unit weight is lower than 600 kilograms every cubic metre gypsum block.The slip that above-mentioned unit weight is low is made the sandwich layer that is full of the sealing micro bubbles after foaming.This sandwich layer is a cuboid plate shape.This kind gypsum block has outstanding tenon on its two adjacent side, and having on the other two adjacent sides can be with the recessed groove of above-mentioned tenon cooperation.And the identical raw material of above-mentioned basic composition raw material also is added with additive except that comprising the major ingredient semi-hydrated gypsum powder, and additive comprises blowing agent, foam stabilizer, retarding agent etc.And described foaming mode is a mechanical foaming, and foam stabilizer is the polyvinyl alcohol body lotion of 5-10.
Gypsum block manufacture method of the present invention, it is mainly made with semi-hydrated gypsum powder, and with sandwich layer and surface layer composite molding formation finished product, be that to make unit weight after the foaming of raw material that the basic composition raw material is identical lower specifically, generally be no more than 300 kilograms every cubic metre sandwich layer slip, before its initial set state, inject the sandwich layer mould, make its moulding and form the sandwich layer that is full of the sealing micro bubbles, again this sandwich layer is inserted in the composite die, to centralized positioning.Surface layer raw material slip in again that the basic composition raw material is the identical raw material, inject composite die, stir slip simultaneously, discharge unnecessary air, leave standstill moulding, after the demoulding drying, form moisture content and be lower than 5%, unit weight is less than 600 kilograms every cubic metre gypsum block, and the identical raw material of described basic composition raw material is except that the major ingredient semi-hydrated gypsum, also has additive, additive comprises the foaming Ji, retarding agent and intensity reinforcing agent, wherein blowing agent is a water reducing agent, and the foaming of sandwich layer slip is the compressed air that produces with air compressor machine, charge into the method for slip foaming, or adopt chemical blowing process.
The present invention has successfully satisfied gypsum block promptly will reduce unit weight significantly, the basic demand of certain intensity is arranged again, the gypsum block unit weight of 100 millimeters thick has been reduced between every cubic metre of 425-450 kilogram, cause is with a kind of gypsum raw material composite molding, and surface layer single face thickness is 15 millimeters, has guaranteed combined strength bination, and breaking load is reached more than 3000 newton, and standard is 1200 newton, has satisfied application requirements.All be a kind of raw material of gypsum simultaneously, kept whole characteristics of plastering, make product have fire prevention, heat insulation, insulation, sound insulation, mothproof, can also regulate indoor humidity, light weight, comprehensively effect such as high-strength because of major ingredient.Satisfied the requirement of various buildings.
Monolithic weight of the present invention (600 * 500 * 100) is lower than 15 kilograms, and easy construction does not need special tool, and directly bonding with gypsum binder when building by laying bricks or stones, few, the dry construction of materials is speeded up the work.The tongue-and-groove that is shaped on around the building block has increased the stability of body of wall.Body of wall can directly carry out ornamental work, has saved and multiple working procedure such as has whitewashed.Can directly hole, fluting carries out hot-water heating, electrical equipment is installed, and gets final product with the gypsum binder sealing after operation finishes.
Above-mentioned building block can arbitrarily be cut, and damaged loss is few.Because building block is little, the intensity height, in the transportation building process, damaged few.
Body of wall adopts suitable screw and bracing or strutting arrangement can carry heavier load, because of being dry construction, adopts adequate measures simultaneously, can construct under the low situation of temperature, and significantly reduce the industrial refuse of job site.
Describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure one is gypsum block one an example front view of the present invention; Figure two analyses and observe for the side; Figure three is a vertical view cutaway drawing.At figure two, figure three, (1) is the surface layer of gypsum block; (2) be the sandwich layer of gypsum block.Sandwich layer is that cuboid is tabular, for being full of the gypsum plate of sealing micro bubbles.Surface layer wraps in outer and its composite molding of sandwich layer, by mould, tenon (3) is arranged on two adjacent side of making, and the plate of the groove (4) that can cooperate with above-mentioned tenon (3) is arranged on two other adjacent side.Surface layer single face thickness is preferably between the 12-16 millimeter.
Gypsum block one example of the present invention, the raw material of gypsum block are formed and are made:
Sandwich layer: raw material: 100 parts of semi-hydrated gypsum powders
90 parts of 5-10 polyvinyl alcohol solution
The 3-5% citric acid solution is an amount of
Make: 1. after above raw material being mixed, adopt the mechanical foaming method, use air compressor, compressed air is charged in the gypsum slip, make it form unit weight and be no more than 200 kilograms every square metre slip by aerated rod;
2. it is floating that the slip of foaming being finished injects the sandwich layer mould, left standstill 20-25 minute, promptly forms the sheet material of the micro bubbles that is full of sealing and mutual cross link, the demoulding, stand-by.
Surface layer (topping, enhancement Layer):
Raw material: 100 parts of semi-hydrated gypsum powders
100 parts of 2-5% polyvinyl alcohol solution
Water reducing agent 3%
Glass fiber (cutting into the 10-20 millimeter) 1% makes: above raw material is formed unit weight be no more than 900 kilograms every cubic metre after mixing
The gypsum slip.Composite molding:
1. with ready-made central layer, put into the special composite die of having opened, centering center, and location;
2. with the composite die combination and with location-plate sandwich layer is located, press cope match-plate pattern;
3. pour the surface layer slip that has mixed into, take out location-plate, and stir slip simultaneously, discharge unnecessary air;
4. left standstill 15-20 minute, and opened the composite die repaired item, the demoulding.
5. adopt artificial and the air dry method is dewatered, remaining moisture content be lower than 5% product, its unit weight is about 450 kilograms every cubic metre.
Claims (10)
1. gypsum block, it is formed by the semi-hydrated gypsum powder manufacturing, form by sandwich layer 2 and surface layer 1 composite molding, it is characterized in that, it is a slip of being made different unit weights by the identical raw material of basic composition raw material, makes described sandwich layer by the slip that wherein unit weight is low, makes described surface layer by the slip that wherein unit weight is high, by above-mentioned sandwich layer and surface layer composite molding, make unit weight and be lower than 600 kilograms every cubic metre gypsum block.
2. gypsum block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the slip that described unit weight is low manufactures the sandwich layer that is full of the bubble that seals miniature and mutual cross link after foaming.
3. gypsum block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described sandwich layer is the plate of different shape.
4. gypsum block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, on the two adjacent sides of described gypsum block outstanding tenon 3 is arranged, and the recessed groove 4 that can cooperate with above-mentioned excellent groove is arranged on the other two adjacent sides.
5. gypsum block as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the identical raw material of described basic composition raw material comprises beyond the semi-hydrated gypsum powder also having additive, and additive comprises blowing agent, foam stabilizer, retarding agent.
6. gypsum block additive as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described blowing agent is a water reducing agent, and wherein making sandwich layer is 5-10% polyvinyl alcohol solution with the foam stabilizer in the slip.
7. the manufacture method of a barnacle piece, it is mainly made with semi-hydrated gypsum powder, and with sandwich layer and surface layer composite molding formation product, it is characterized in that, make unit weight after the raw material foaming that the basic composition raw material is identical and generally be no more than 300 kilograms every cubic metre sandwich layer slip than hanging down, before its initial set state, be injected into the sandwich layer mould, make its moulding and form that to be full of sealing miniature and have mutual intersection to connect the sandwich layer of bubble together, again this sandwich layer is inserted in the composite die, to center, location; Surface layer mixed raw material in the raw material that the basic composition raw material is identical becomes the surface layer slip, injects composite die, stirs slip simultaneously, discharge unnecessary air, leave standstill moulding, after the demoulding drying, form moisture content and be lower than 5%, unit weight is less than 600 kilograms every cubic metre gypsum block.
8. manufacture method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the identical raw material of described basic composition raw material comprises semi-hydrated gypsum powder and additive, and additive comprises blowing agent, foam stabilizer, retarding agent and intensity reinforcing agent.
9. require described manufacture method as right 8, it is characterized in that, described blowing agent is a water reducing agent, and the foam stabilizer in the raw material of manufacturing sandwich layer slip is a 5%-10% polyvinyl alcohol solution, and slow doubtful agent is a citric acid solution, and reinforcing material is mainly glass fiber.
10. as right 7 described manufacture methods, it is characterized in that the foaming method of described core material slurry is for being pressed into the mechanical foaming method of air or chemical blowing process with air compressor by aerated rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95114832A CN1040241C (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1995-04-07 | Plaster building block and its mfg. method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95114832A CN1040241C (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1995-04-07 | Plaster building block and its mfg. method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1112183A CN1112183A (en) | 1995-11-22 |
| CN1040241C true CN1040241C (en) | 1998-10-14 |
Family
ID=5080332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95114832A Expired - Fee Related CN1040241C (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1995-04-07 | Plaster building block and its mfg. method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1040241C (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102452124A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2012-05-16 | 贵州省建筑材料科学研究设计院 | Method for preparing gypsum aerated building block by adopting semi-hydrated gypsum |
| CN102995791B (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2015-11-11 | 福建建工建材科技开发有限公司 | A kind of steel work foamed gypsum combined wall |
| CN104441198A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 滁州市中诺设备模具制造有限公司 | Hollow gypsum block forming process |
| CN106285003A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-01-04 | 蒋中华 | Gypsum Fibrosum metope casting construction method |
| CN109016114B (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-08-30 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Production process of paper-free and fiber-free gypsum board |
| CN112440368A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for preparing high-strength light gypsum block by using phosphogypsum |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4774794A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1988-10-04 | Grieb Donald J | Energy efficient building system |
| CN2143642Y (en) * | 1993-03-23 | 1993-10-13 | 张富惠 | High strength plaster square hollow block |
-
1995
- 1995-04-07 CN CN95114832A patent/CN1040241C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4774794A (en) * | 1984-03-12 | 1988-10-04 | Grieb Donald J | Energy efficient building system |
| CN2143642Y (en) * | 1993-03-23 | 1993-10-13 | 张富惠 | High strength plaster square hollow block |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1112183A (en) | 1995-11-22 |
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