CN1040194A - 抑制精神的3-哌嗪基吲哚衍生物 - Google Patents
抑制精神的3-哌嗪基吲哚衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1040194A CN1040194A CN89106438A CN89106438A CN1040194A CN 1040194 A CN1040194 A CN 1040194A CN 89106438 A CN89106438 A CN 89106438A CN 89106438 A CN89106438 A CN 89106438A CN 1040194 A CN1040194 A CN 1040194A
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- VASVHOLFOSSBKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-piperazin-1-yl-1h-indole Chemical class C1CNCCN1C1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12 VASVHOLFOSSBKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- -1 4Be hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007126 N-alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000028017 Psychotic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004916 (C1-C6) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004885 piperazines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940066771 systemic antihistamines piperazine derivative Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 229910001511 metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002475 indoles Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 31
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 17
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 9
- APJYDQYYACXCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tryptamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 APJYDQYYACXCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N (-)-norepinephrine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric Acid Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960004046 apomorphine Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960002748 norepinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 6
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N norepinephrine Natural products NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VMWNQDUVQKEIOC-CYBMUJFWSA-N apomorphine Chemical compound C([C@H]1N(C)CC2)C3=CC=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C1C2=CC=C3 VMWNQDUVQKEIOC-CYBMUJFWSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylmorpholine Chemical compound CCN1CCOCC1 HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 3
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- JELBDGVMYBNAME-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl)-(2,4-difluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)N1CCN(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 JELBDGVMYBNAME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006619 (C1-C6) dialkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DNCYBUMDUBHIJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-pyrimidin-6-one Chemical class O=C1C=CN=CN1 DNCYBUMDUBHIJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXBFMLJZNCDSMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminobenzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1N PXBFMLJZNCDSMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XRDTZJLJRAPNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-fluoro-1h-indazole Chemical compound N=1NC2=CC(F)=CC=C2C=1N(CC1)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 XRDTZJLJRAPNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMQHDIHZSDEIFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Acetyldihydro-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1CCOC1=O OMQHDIHZSDEIFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JJDNTIJMCMIVES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-7-methyl-1,2-benzoxazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1ON=C2Cl JJDNTIJMCMIVES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDFQBFVFCPABKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-piperazin-1-yl-1,2-benzoxazole Chemical class C1CNCCN1C1=NOC2=CC=CC=C12 ZDFQBFVFCPABKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LJXTVMZXYCJWEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyl-3-piperazin-1-yl-1,2-benzoxazole Chemical compound N=1OC=2C(C)=CC=CC=2C=1N1CCNCC1 LJXTVMZXYCJWEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.ON WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyruvic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C(O)=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940082988 antihypertensives serotonin antagonists Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000164 antipsychotic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940005529 antipsychotics Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003420 antiserotonin agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azide group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[N-] IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C07D231/56—Benzopyrazoles; Hydrogenated benzopyrazoles
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Abstract
3-哌嗪基-1,2-吲哚类化合物及其可药用酸加成盐,它们具有有用的抑制精神的性质,并且被用于治疗其中5-羟色胺和/或多巴胺释放起极其重要作用的各种疾病。
Description
4,452,799、4,524,206和4,590,196号美国专利中描述了一些具有影响精神、安定和止痛性能的3-哌嗪基-1,2-苯并异噁唑和-1,2-苯并异噻唑。美国专利4,804,663中描述了作为抑制精神药使用的3-哌嗪基-1,2-苯并异噁唑和-1,2-苯并异噻唑。美国专利4,745,117和EP-A-0,281,309中描述了具有抑制精神性能的哌嗪基衍生物。在1985年4月3日公布的EP-A-0,135,781中公开了一些具有抑制精神和止痛性能的3-哌啶基-吲唑衍生物。EP-A-0,302,423中描述了作为止痛药、抗惊厥药和抗抑郁药用的1-苯基-3-哌嗪基-1H-吲唑衍生物。
本发明涉及式(Ⅰ)所示的新的3-哌嗪基吲哚类及其可药用酸加成盐和立体异构体,
式中,
R为氢或C1-6烷基:
R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、卤素、羟基、C1-6烷氧基或C1-6烷基;
X为O、S或NR3;所述R3为氢、C1-6烷基、芳基或芳基C1-6烷基;
Alk为C1-4链烷二基;及
Q为下式所示基团,
式中Y1和Y2各自独立地为O或S;
R4为氢、卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、三氟甲基、硝基、氰基、羟基、(C1-10烷基羰基)氧基、氨基、一和二(C1-6烷基)氨基、(C1-6烷基羰基)氨基、苯甲氧基或叠氮基;
R5为氢或卤素;或
Q为下式所示的基团,
式中R6为氢或C1-6烷基;
Z为-S-或-CR7=CR8-;其中R7和R8各自独立地为氢或C1-6烷基;或Z为-CH2-,其中一个氢原子可以被羟基或C1-6烷基取代;
A是一个二价基-CH2-CH2-或-CH2-CH2-CH2-,在后面两个基中,一个或两个氢原子可以被C1-6烷基取代;或A为二价基-CR9=CR10-,其中R9和R10各自独立地为氢、卤素、氨基或C1-6烷基;或者当Z为-S-时,A也可以为-CR11=N-,其中R11为氢或C1-6烷基;或者当Z为-CR7=CR8-时,A也可以为-O-;及
每一个芳基为被最多三个独立地选自C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、羟基、卤素、氨基、硝基和三氟甲基的取代基任意取代的苯基。
在上述定义中,术语卤素通指氟、氯、溴及碘;C1-6烷基指含1-6个碳原子的直链和支链的饱和烃基,例如,甲基、乙基、1-甲基乙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基等;C1-10烷基指上述定义的C1-6烷基及其含7-10个碳原子的高级同系物如庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基和其分支异构体;而C1-4链烷二基是指含1-4个碳原子的、二价的、直链或支链的链烷二基,例如,亚甲基、1,2-乙二基、1,3-丙二基、1,4-丁二基和其分支异构体。
在式(b)所示的基团中Z-A部分具体来说可以是-S-CH2-CH2-,-S-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-S-CH=CH-,-S-CH=C(CH3)-,-S-C(CH3)=N-,-CH=CH-CH=CH-,-C(CH3)=CH-CH=CH-,-CH=CH-C(CH3)=CH-,-CH=CH-CCl=CH-,-CH=CH-CBr=CH-,-CH=C(CH3)-O-,-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-CHOH-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-或-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-.
根据各种取代基的性质,式(Ⅰ)化合物可以具有几个不对称碳原子。除非特别指明,化合物的化学名称表示所有可能立体异构体的混合物,所述的混合物含有基本分子结构所示的所有非对映体和对映体。每一手性中心的绝对构型可用立体化学描述符号R和S标明,该R和S符合Pure Appl.Chem.1976,45,11-30页中所述的规则。式(Ⅰ)化合物的立体异构体很明显要包括在本发明的范围内。
式(Ⅰ)化合物的纯立体异构体可以用技术上已知的方法获得。非对映异构体可以用物理分离方法如选择结晶法和层析技术(如逆流分配法、液相层析法等)分离;而对映体可以通过它们与光学活性的酸形成的非对映异构的盐的选择结晶而彼此分离。纯立体异构体也可以从相应的合适起始原料的纯立体异构体得到,但发生的反应应是立体专一的。
较好的化合物是下述式(Ⅰ)化合物,其中R是氢;和/或R1和R2各自独立地为氢、卤素或C1-6烷基;和/或Q为式(a)所示的、Y1和Y2为氧和R4和R5为氢的一个基团,或Q为式(b)所示的R6为C1-6烷基的一个基团。
特别好的化合物为下述较好的化合物,其中R2为氢或卤素;和/或X为O、S或NH;和/或Q为式(b)基团,Z为-S-或-CR7=CH-,所述的R7为氢或C1-6烷基,或Z为CH2,其中的一个氢原子可以被C1-6烷基替换;而A为-CH2-CH2或-CH2-CH2-CH2-,后两个基团中的每一个中都可以有一个或两个氢原子被C1-6烷基替换,或A为-CR9=CR10-,所述的R9和R10各自独立地为氢或C1-6烷基。
更特别好的化合物为下述特别好的化合物,其中R1为氢、氟或甲基;和/或R2为氢;和/或-Z-A-为
-S-CH2-CH2-,-S-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-S-CH=CR10-,-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-C(CH3)=CH-CH=CH-或-CH=CH-CH=CR10-,
R10为氢或甲基。
最好的化合物为下述更特别好的化合物,其中X为0或NH;和/或R1为氢或6-氟。
式(Ⅰ)化合物通常可以由式(Ⅲ)的哌嗪吲哚与式(Ⅱ)烷基化试剂反应制备。在式(Ⅱ)中,W表示活性离去基团如卤素(如氯、溴或碘)或磺酰氧基(如甲磺酰氧基、4-甲基苯磺酰氧基)等离去基团。
所述的N-烷基化反应可方便地在反应惰性的溶剂中进行,所述溶剂有例如芳烃类,如苯、甲苯、二甲苯等;低级醇类如甲醇、乙醇、1-丁醇等;酮类如丙酮、4-甲基-2-戊酮等;醚类如1,4-二氧六环、乙醚、四氢呋喃等;偶极非质子性溶剂如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、硝基苯、1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等;或上述溶剂的混合物。加入适当的碱如碱金属或碱土金属的碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、氢氧化物、烷氧化物或氢化物(如碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾、氢氧化钠、甲醇钠、氢化钠等)或有机碱如胺(如三乙胺、N-(1-甲基乙基)-2-丙胺、4-乙基吗啉等),可以中和反应过程释放出的酸。在一些情况下,加入碘化物盐(最好是碱金属碘化物)是合适的。稍微提高反应温度可以加快反应速度。在该制备和下述制备反应中,反应产物可以从反应混合物中分离出来,并且需要时,可按照技术上已知的一般方法如提取、蒸馏、结晶、研制和层析方法进一步纯化。
式(Ⅰ)化合物也可以由式(Ⅴ)吲哚对式(Ⅳ)哌嗪衍生物进行N-烷基化来制备,
式中W1表示合适的离去基团如卤素(如氯或溴)。所述的用化合物(Ⅴ)对(Ⅳ)进行的N-烷基化反应可以按照上述从中间体(Ⅱ)和(Ⅲ)制备式(Ⅰ)化合物的相同步骤进行。
式(Ⅰ)化合物中X为氧或NR3的化合物(所述X用X1表示,所述化合物用式(Ⅰ-a)表示)也可以通过在反应惰性的溶剂中用适当的碱使式(Ⅵ)中间体进行环化反应得到。
式(Ⅵ)中,W2表示合适的离去基团如卤素(如氟或氯)或硝基。用于所述环化反应中的适当的碱有,例如,碱金属和碱土金属的碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、氢氧化物、烷氧化物或氢化物(如碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾、氢氧化钠、甲醇钠、氢化钠)或有机碱如胺类(如三乙胺、4-乙基吗啉)等碱。合适的溶剂有,例如,芳烃类如苯、甲苯、二甲苯等;低级醇类如甲醇、乙醇、1-丁醇等;酮类如丙酮、4-甲基-2-戊酮等;醚类如1,4-二氧六环、四氢呋喃等;偶极非质子性溶剂如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲亚砜、1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等;或这些溶剂的混合物。为了加快反应速度,可以提高反应混合物的温度,特别是所述环化反应可以在反应混合物的回流温度下进行。
式(Ⅰ-a)中X1为O的化合物(用式(Ⅰ-a-1)表示)也可以由式(Ⅶ)活性肟衍生物环化得到,
式中R12为甲酰基、(C1-6烷基或芳基)羰基,如乙酰基、丙酰基、苯甲酰基等;(C1-6烷基或芳基)氧基羰基,如甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基、(1,1-二甲基)乙氧基羰基、苯氧基羰基等;(C1-6烷基或芳基)磺酰基如甲磺酰基、苯磺酰基、4-甲苯磺酰基、2-萘磺酰基等;N-酰基氨基羰基如三氯甲基羰基氨基羰基等。所述的式(Ⅶ)活化的肟衍生物的环化反应可方便地用适当的碱处理来进行,反应条件是最好在合适的反应惰性溶剂中,在20-200℃、特别是50-150℃、而最好在反应混合物的回流温度下。然而,在一些情况下,反应混合物中不加碱而在常压下或(需要时)在减压下蒸除反应期间释放出的酸,这是有利的。或者,所述环化反应也可以在无溶剂和真空条件下加热肟衍生物(Ⅶ)来进行。适当的碱有,例如,碱金属和碱土金属的碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐和胺类,如碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、三乙胺、4-乙基吗啉、1,4-二氮杂双环〔2.2.2〕辛烷、吡啶等碱。环化反应的合适的溶剂有,例如,芳烃类如苯、甲苯、二甲苯等;醚类如乙醚、丁醚、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二甘醇二甲醚、2,5,8,11-四氧杂十二烷等;偶极非质子性溶剂如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、六甲基磷酰胺、吡啶、乙酸酐等;卤代烃类如三氯甲烷、四氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯苯等溶剂。
式(Ⅰ)中R3不为氢的化合物(所述基团用R3-a表示,所述化合物用式(Ⅰ-b-1)表示)也可以用式R3-aW(Ⅷ)所示的烷基化试剂(其中W为上面定义的活性离去基团)对式(Ⅰ-b-2)化合物(R3为氢的式(Ⅰ)化合物)进行N-烷基化反应得到。
所述的N-烷基化反应可以按前述的从中间体(Ⅱ)和(Ⅲ)制备式(Ⅰ)化合物的同样步骤进行。
式(Ⅰ)化合物也可以按技术上已知的建立式Q基团的步骤制备。
例如,式(Ⅰ)中Q为式(a)基团的化合物(用式(Ⅰ-c)表示)可以由适当的式(Ⅸ)2-氨基苯甲酰胺或2-氨基硫代苯甲酰胺与式(Ⅹ)试剂进行环化反应制备,
在上述式(Ⅹ)试剂中,Y2为氧或硫,每一个L都独立地为活性离去基团如卤素(如氯或溴);C1-6烷氧基(如甲氧基、乙氧基等);芳氧基(如苯氧基等);氨基;一和二(C1-6烷基)氨基(如甲氨基、二甲氨基等);1H-咪唑-1-基等离去基团。
式(Ⅰ-c)化合物也可由适当取代的式(Ⅺ)中间体与式(Ⅻ)胺进行环化反应制备,
或者由式(ⅩⅢ)异氰酸酯或硫代异氰酸酯与式(Ⅻ)胺进行环化反应制备。
所述的环化反应可随意地在合适的具有较高沸点的反应惰性溶剂如脂肪烃或芳烃(如石油醚、二甲苯等)中通过搅拌和(需要时)加热反应物来方便地进行。
在上述反应图示中,每一个R13独立地代表适当的离去基团如C1-6烷氧基、氨基、或一和二(C1-6烷基)氨基;式(Ⅺ)中,两个R13也可以一起代表-O-。
式(Ⅰ)中Q为式(b)基团的化合物(用式(Ⅰ-d)表示)可以按技术上已知的制备嘧啶-4-酮的环化方法制备,例如,由式(ⅩⅣ)胺与式(ⅩⅤ)β-二羰基中间体反应或由式(ⅩⅥ)试剂与式(ⅩⅦ)胺进行的环化反应制备,
所述的环化反应通常通过搅拌反应物进行,需要时,可在合适的反应惰性的溶剂如脂肪烃、脂环烃或芳烃(如己烷、环己烷、苯等);吡啶;N,N-二甲基甲酰胺等偶极非质子性溶剂存在下进行。可以适当地提高温度以加速反应。在一些情况下,最好在反应混合物的回流温度下进行反应。
在上述反应图示中,每一个R14独立地表示适当的离去基团如(C1-6烷基)氧基、羟基、卤素、氨基、一和二(C1-6烷基)氨基等。
按照同样的环化方法,式(Ⅰ-d)化合物也可以由式(ⅩⅦ)中间体与式(ⅩⅧ)试剂进行环化反应制备。
式(Ⅰ-d)中Z为S和A为-CH2-CH2-或-CH2-CH2-CH2-(后两个基团中的每一个都可任意地被一个或两个C1-6烷基取代)的化合物(用式(Ⅰ-d-1)表示)也可以通过式(ⅩⅩ)试剂(其中每一个W独立地具有前述相同的意义)对式(ⅩⅨ)2-巯基嘧啶酮进行环化反应制备。
式(Ⅰ-d)中Z为S和A为-CR0=CR10-的化合物(用式(Ⅰ-d-2)表示)可由式(ⅩⅨ)2-巯基嘧啶酮与式(ⅩⅪ)试剂的环化反应制备。
制备式(Ⅰ-d-1)和(Ⅰ-d-2)化合物的环化反应通常可以通过搅拌反应物来进行,需要时,可在合适的反应惰性的溶剂如脂肪烃、脂环烃或芳烃(如己烷、环己烷、苯等);吡啶;N,N-二甲基甲酰胺等偶极非质子性溶剂存在下进行。为加速反应可以适应地提高反应温度。在一些情况下,最好在反应混合物的回流温度下进行反应。
式(Ⅰ)化合物也可以按照技术上已知的功能基转化方法进行相互转化。
例如,式(Ⅰ-c)中R4为氨基的化合物可以按技术上已知的硝基还原成氨基的方法由相应的硝基取代的喹唑啉制得。合适的硝基还原成氨基的方法有,例如,在极性较大的溶剂如醇(如甲醇或乙醇)中,在适当的催化剂如铂/炭存在下的催化氢化反应。在一些情况下,加入适当的催化剂毒剂如噻吩可能是有用的。
式(Ⅰ-c)中R4为苯甲氧基的化合物可以按技术上已知的催化氢解方法转化成R4为羟基的式(Ⅰ-c)化合物;R4为氨基或羟基的式(Ⅰ-c)化合物可以通过与合适的酰化试剂如酰卤或酸酐反应而分别转化成R4为(C1-10烷基羰基)氨基或(C1-10烷基羰基)氧基的式(Ⅰ-c)化合物;R4为氨基的式(Ⅰ-c)化合物可以先用亚硝酸或其适当的碱金属或碱土金属盐把其中的氨基转化成重氮盐基,随后用叠氮酸钠或任何其它合适的碱金属或碱土金属叠氮酸盐把上述重氮盐基转化成叠氮基,从而转化成了R4为叠氮基的式(Ⅰ-c)化合物。
式(Ⅰ)化合物具有碱性,因此,可以用适当的酸处理,把它们转化成有治疗活性的非毒性的酸加成盐形式,所述的酸有如无机酸(如盐酸、氢溴酸等酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等)或有机酸(如乙酸、丙酸、羟乙酸、2-羟丙酸、2-氧丙酸、乙二酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、(Z)-2-丁烯二酸、(E)-2-丁烯二酸、2-羟基丁二酸、2,3-二羟基丁二酸、2-羟基-1,2,3-丙三酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、苯磺酸、4-甲基苯磺酸、环己烷基氨基磺酸、2-羟基苯甲酸、4-氨基-2-羟基苯甲酸等酸。相反,也可以用碱处理把盐形式转化成游离碱形式。
上述所用的术语酸加成盐也包括式(Ⅰ)化合物可形成的溶剂合物,并且所述的溶剂合物包括在本发明的范围内。溶剂合物的例子有,例如,水合物、醇合物等。
上述制备中的一些中间体和起始原料为已知化合物,它们可以按照技术上已知的制备所述的或相似的化合物的方法制备。例如,式(Ⅲ)和(Ⅴ)所示的一些中间体及其制备方法描述在美国专利4,452,799、4,524,206和4,590,196号以及EP-A-0,302,423中;式(Ⅱ)中间体及其制备方法描述在U.S.4,804,663及其中所引的参考文献中。其它中间体可以按技术上已知的制备相似化合物的方法制备,对于其中的一些中间体,制备方法描述如下。
式(Ⅲ)中X为NR3,而R3不是芳基(所述基团用R3-b表示)的中间体(用式(Ⅲ-a)表示)是新的,
它们可以通过酸解或碱解或催化氢化作用由式(ⅩⅫ)的化合物脱保护制备,
式中P为保护基如(C1-6烷基或芳基)羰基、C1-6烷氧基或芳氧基)羰基或苯甲基。
式(ⅩⅫ)被护中间体可以在酸如乙酸存在下,使式R3-b-NH-NH2(ⅩⅩⅣ)的肼衍生物与式(ⅩⅩⅢ)中W2为上述活性离去基团的化合物进行缩合,然后在碱性条件下环化而由式(ⅩⅩⅢ)化合物制备。
而所述的式(ⅩⅩⅢ)硫代酰胺可通过使式(ⅩⅩⅤ)酰胺与Lawesson氏试剂(2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-disulfide-1,3,2,4-dithiaphosphetane)反应得到。
式(ⅩⅩⅤ)酰胺可以按技术上已知的N-酰化方法用式(ⅩⅩⅤⅡ)羧酸或其官能衍生物如酰卤、对称或混合酸酐对式(ⅩⅩⅥ)的单保护的哌嗪进行N-酰基化来制备。
式(Ⅵ)中X1为氧的中间体(用式(Ⅵ-a)表示)通常可按从中间体(Ⅱ)和(Ⅲ)制备式(Ⅰ)化合物时所述的N-烷基化方法由上述的式(Ⅱ)烷基化试剂和式(ⅩⅩⅤⅢ)偕胺肟衍生。
而试剂(ⅩⅩⅧ)可容易地从下述反应制备,即通过用氯气处理适当取代的式(ⅩⅩⅨ)苯甲醛肟在反应惰性溶剂中的溶液,接着用适当的碱如三烷基胺(如三乙胺)处理,从得到的式(ⅩⅩⅩ)中间体中消除氯化氢,然后用哌嗪处理得到的式(ⅩⅩⅪ)腈N-氧化物。
该反应顺序的一个重要的特征是,中间体(ⅩⅩⅩ)和(ⅩⅩⅪ)在转化成中间体(ⅩⅩⅧ)前不需要纯化和分离。
式(Ⅵ)中X1为NR3的中间体(用式(Ⅵ-b)表示)可以按上述从中间体(Ⅱ)和(Ⅲ)制备式(Ⅰ)化合物的方法,用式(Ⅱ)烷基化试剂对适当取代的式(ⅩⅩⅫ)腙酰胺(hydrazonamide)进行N-烷基化得到。
中间体(ⅩⅩⅫ)可以用式(ⅩⅩⅩⅢ)试剂处理哌嗪制备。
而试剂(ⅩⅩⅩⅢ)又可用卤化试剂如五氯化磷、三氯化磷等试剂对式(ⅩⅩⅩⅣ)酰肼卤化得到。
式(Ⅰ)化合物、其可药用酸加成盐和其立体异构体是神经递质特别是递质5-羟色胺和多巴胺的强拮抗剂。对所述递质的拮抗作用可抑制或解除许多与这些递质的释放、特别是过量释放所诱导的现象有关的症状。本发明化合物的治疗作用主要在中枢神经系统(CNS)区域、胃肠和心血管区域及有关区域。据报导,5-羟色胺拮抗剂可有效地对抗精神病、攻击性行为、焦虑、抑郁和偏头痛。多巴胺受体拮抗剂已知具有抑制精神的性质。结合的5-羟色胺-多巴胺拮抗剂是特别有意义的,因为它们表现出能解除精神分裂症的阳性和阴性症状(the positive and negative symptoms)。此外,本发明的化合物也可认为是对抗孤独症的有效治疗药物。在胃肠区域的治疗应用包括把它们用作为,例如,止泻药、胃-食管反流抑制剂,以及特别是止吐药,例如用于治疗在接受化疗和放射治疗的癌症患者身上出现的上述症状。此外,5-羟色胺是强的支气管和血管收缩药,因此本发明拮抗剂也可用于对抗高血压和血管疾病。此外,5-羟色胺拮抗剂具有许多其它性质如抑制食欲和促进体重减轻,这在对抗肥胖方便证明是有效的;它们还能缓和试图戒酒和戒烟的成瘾者脱瘾过程的症状。
考虑到目的化合物的有用的药理学性质,可把目的化合物配制成各种适于服用的药物形式。为制备本发明的药物组合物,可把有效量的呈碱形式或酸加成盐形式的具体化合物作为活性成分与可药用载体做成紧密混合物,可以根据给药所需的制剂形式把紧密混合物做成各种形式。希望把这些药物组合物做成特别是适于口服、直肠给药、经皮给药或非肠道注射用的单位剂量形式。例如,在制备口服剂量形式的组合物时,在口服液体制剂如悬浮液、糖浆、酏剂及溶液的情况下,可以使用任何常用的药物介质如水、二醇类、油、醇类等;在粉剂、丸剂、胶囊剂和片剂情况下,可以使用固体载体如淀粉、糖、高岭土、润滑剂、粘结剂、崩解剂等。由于易于服用,所以片剂和胶囊剂是最有利的口服单位剂量形式,在此种情况下,很显然使用的是固体药物载体。对于非肠道组合物,载体通常包括无菌水(至少大部分),虽然也包括其它成分(如提高溶解性的成分)。例如,可以制备注射液,其中的载体包括盐溶液,葡萄糖溶液或二者混合液。也可以制备可注射悬浮液,在此情况下,可以使用适当的液体载体和助悬剂等。在适于经皮给药的组合物中,载体可随意地包括增渗透性的试剂和/或合适的润湿剂,还可随意地与少量任何性质的合适的添加剂结合,所述添加剂不对皮肤产生任何明显的有害影响。所述添加剂可以有利于皮肤给药和/或有助于制备所需的组合物。这些组合物可以多种方式给药,如作为皮用膏药、点剂(Spot-on)或软膏给药。由于式(Ⅰ)化合物的酸加成盐比相应的碱的溶解度大,显然上述盐更适于制备组合物的水溶液。
由于易于服用和剂量均一,所以把药物组合物配制成剂量单位形式是特别有利的。本说明书和权利要求书中所用的“剂量单位形式”是指适于作为一个剂量的物理上的不连续单位,每一单位含有与所需的药物载体结合的预定量的活性成分,该量是根据产生所需治疗效果计算的。这种剂量单位形式的例子有片剂(包括片核和包衣片)、胶囊、丸剂、散剂、糯米纸囊剂、注射液或注射悬浮液、茶匙、汤匙等,及其整倍数。
鉴于目的化合物在治疗精神性疾病中的有用性,很明显,本发明提供了一种治疗温血动物精神性疾病的方法。该方法包括使动物系统地服用治疗精神病有效量的式(Ⅰ)化合物或其可药用酸加成盐与药物载体的紧密混合物。在治疗精神性疾病方面熟练的人员可很容易地从这里给出的试验结果确定有效量。通常认为有效量应为0.01~4mg/kg体重,更好地为0.04~2mg/kg体重。
下述实施例是用来说明本发明,而不是对本发明范围的限制。除非另有说明,在此,所有的份数均以重量计。
实施部分
A.中间体的制备
实施例1
a)于114份1,2-苯并异噁唑-3-醇和230份磷酰氯的搅拌混合液中滴加160份三乙胺(放热反应)。加完后,将反应混合物在135℃下搅拌过夜。将混合物倒入碎冰中,用氯仿提取产物。将提取液干燥、过滤并蒸发。残留物在异丙醚中煮沸。倾出溶剂(重复操作两次),残留物在硅胶上进行柱层析纯化,以氯仿/甲醇混合物(97∶3,以体积计)为洗脱剂。收集纯馏分,蒸发洗脱剂,得到60份(51.1%)残留物3-氯-7-甲基-1,2-苯并异噁唑(中间体1)。
b)于120份哌嗪和400份1-丁醇的搅拌加热(90℃)的混合物中滴加60份3-氯-7-甲基-1,2-苯并异噁唑。加毕,继续搅拌回流6小时。冷却后,将反应混合物过滤,并蒸发滤液。残留物溶于水中,用氯仿提取产物。将提取液干燥、过滤并蒸发。残留物进行硅胶柱层析纯化,用氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,以体积计)进行洗脱。收集纯馏分,并蒸发洗脱剂。残留物放置后固化,得到56份(71.5%)残留物7-甲基-3-(1-哌嗪基)-1,2-苯并异噁唑(中间体2)。
实施例2
a)将32份1-哌嗪羧酸乙酯、17份3-氯-1,2-苯并异噻唑和45份N,N-二甲基乙酰胺的混合物在150℃下搅拌0.5小时。冷却至50℃后,将反应混合物倒入冰水中。倾出水层,油层在水中搅拌。用氯仿提取油层中的产物。将提取液干燥、过滤并蒸发。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分并蒸发洗脱液,得到13份(44%)残留物4-(1,2-苯并异噻唑-3-基)-1-哌嗪羧酸乙酯(中间体3)。
b)将12.5份4-(1,2-苯并异噻唑-3-基)-1-哌嗪羧酸乙酯和187.5份48%的氢溴酸水溶液的混合物搅拌回流1.5小时。蒸发后,将残留物溶于2-丙醇中,再次蒸发溶剂。残留物溶于甲醇中,再蒸发,然后在丙酮中搅拌。滤出产物,干燥,得到11.5份(73%)3-(1-哌嗪基)-1,2-苯并异噻唑二氢溴酸盐(中间体4)。
实施例3
a)于64份1-(苯甲基)哌嗪和360份四氢呋喃的搅拌冷却混合物(10℃)中用20分钟时间加入32.5份2,4-二氟苯甲酰氯。加毕,继续搅拌至温度达室温。过滤形成的盐,并真空蒸发滤液。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分并蒸发洗脱液,得到50份(87.8%)残留物1-(2,4-二氟苯甲酰基)-4-(苯甲基)哌嗪(中间体5)。
b)将30份1-(2,4-二氟苯甲酰基)-4-(苯甲基)哌嗪、19份2,4-双(4-甲氧基苯基)-2,4-二硫化-1,3,2,4-dithiaphosphetane和174份苯的混合物搅拌回流3小时。蒸发反应混合物并将残留物溶于氯仿中。残留物以氯仿为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分并真空蒸发洗脱液。残留物于室温下放置两天。过滤产物,干燥,得到25份(79.2%)的1-〔(2,4-二氟苯基)硫代甲基〕-4-(苯甲基)哌嗪(中间体6)。
c)将40份1-〔(2,4-二氟苯基硫代甲基〕-4-(苯甲基)哌嗪、144份1-丁醇、13份-水合肼和24份乙酸的混合物搅拌回流过夜。冷却后,加入50份碳酸钠并继续搅拌回流3小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,加入水和甲苯。搅拌15分钟后,分出有机层,干燥,过滤并蒸发。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(98∶2,体积计)为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分并蒸发洗脱剂。残留物用乙腈结晶。滤出产物,干燥,得到12份(32.2%)6-氟-3-〔4-(苯甲基)哌嗪基〕-1H-吲唑;mp.162.0℃(中间体7)。
d)在常温和50℃下,将12份6-氟-3-〔4-(苯甲基)哌嗪基〕-1H-吲唑、1份阮内镍催化剂和200份甲醇的混合物在帕尔装置中用2份pd/c催化剂(10%)进行氢化。计算量的氢被吸收后,经硅藻土滤出催化剂,并真空蒸发滤液。残留物用乙腈结晶。滤出产物,干燥,得到7.7份(92.0%)的6-氟-3-(1-哌嗪基)-1H-吲唑(中间体8)。
实施例4
a)于12.5份哌嗪、3.6份三乙胺和75份氯仿的搅拌混合物中加入9份2-氟-N-苯基-苯腙酰氯在75份氯仿中的溶液。在室温下搅拌该混合物2小时。加入5份碳酸钾后,将反应混合物回流搅拌30分钟。冷却混合物,用100份水洗涤后,分层。将有机层干燥、过滤并蒸发,得到6份(55.8%)1-(2-氟苯甲酰基)哌嗪,2-苯基肼残留物(中间体9)。
b)将4.5份3-(2-氯乙基)-2-甲基-4H-吡啶并〔1,2-a〕嘧啶-4-酮、6份1-(2-氟苯甲酰基)哌嗪,2-苯基肼、5.04份碳酸钠、0.1份碘化钾和120份4-甲基-2-戊酮的混合物搅拌回流过夜。滤出无机盐,蒸发滤液。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化,收集纯馏分并蒸发洗脱液。残留物用2-丙醇结晶。滤出产物,干燥,得到2.5份(25.8%)3-〔2-〔4-(2-氟苯基)(2-苯基亚肼基)甲基〕-1-哌嗪基〕乙基〕-2-甲基-4H-吡啶并〔1,2-a〕嘧啶-4-酮;mp.180℃(中间体10)。
实施例5
a)将用盐酸饱和的98份2,4-二氟苯甲醛、49份羟胺-盐酸盐、160份甲醇和80份2-丙醇的混合物搅拌回流4小时,真空浓缩反应混合物,残留物在异丙醚中研制。滤出产物,干燥,得到60份(45.0%)的2,4-二氟苯甲醛肟盐酸盐(中间体11)。
b)于搅拌和冷却的58份2,4-二氟苯甲醛肟盐酸盐和750份氯仿的混合物(-10℃)中鼓入氯气30分钟。用氮气流排除过量的氯气,并向该溶液中滴加42份三乙胺。加毕,继续搅拌,同时使反应混合物回到室温。过滤沉淀。滤液冷却至-20℃,并用10分钟加到86份哌嗪在900份氯仿中的搅拌冷却溶液(-10℃)中。将反应混合物于室温下搅拌过夜。然后将混合物加热至30℃并过滤。在25℃下真空浓缩滤液。用100份水洗涤两次以除去过量的哌嗪。分出有机层,干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。浓缩物在异丙醚中研制。滤出固体产物,干燥,得到50份(69.1%)1-〔(2,4-二氟苯基)(羟亚胺基)甲基〕哌嗪(中间体12)。
c)将8份6-(2-溴乙基)-2,3-二氢-7-甲基-5H-噻唑并〔3,2-a〕嘧啶-5-酮-氢溴酸盐、4.8份1-〔(2,4-二氟苯基)(羟基亚胺基)甲基〕哌嗪,8份碳酸氢钠和180份4-甲基-2-戊酮的混合物搅拌回流20小时。将反应混合物进行热过滤并真空蒸发滤液。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱液进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分,并真空浓缩洗脱液。残留物用乙腈结晶。滤出产物并干燥,得到4.4份(50.5%)6-〔2-〔4-〔(2,4-二氟苯基)(羟亚胺基)甲基〕-1-哌嗪基〕乙基〕-2,3-二氢-7-甲基-5H-噻唑并〔3,2-a〕嘧啶-5-酮(中间体13)。
实施例6
用脱水器将58份5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-胺、76份3-乙酰基-4,5-二氢-2(3H)-呋喃酮、1.2份盐酸溶液(12N)和540份甲苯的混合物搅拌回流2小时。冷却至室温后,在20°-40℃下滴加340份磷酰氯(需要进行冷却以保持该温度)。将整个混合物逐渐加热至回流:95℃,盐酸气开始逸出。然后,蒸除100份该混合物,并将残留物搅拌回流2小时。冷却后,蒸发反应混合物,在搅拌下将残留物倒入冰/氨水混合物中。用氯仿提取产物。将提取液干燥,过滤并蒸发。残留物用氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化,反复三次。收集纯馏分并蒸发洗脱液。残留物用异丙醚结晶,得到11.8份6-(2-氯乙基)-2,7-二甲基-5H-1,3,4-噻二唑〔3,2-a〕嘧啶-5-酮;mp.118℃(中间体14)。
实施例7
a)用脱水器将50份5-甲基-3-异噁唑胺、70份3-乙酰基-4,5-二氢-2(3H)-呋喃酮、435份甲苯和16份多磷酸的混合物搅拌回流3小时。真空浓缩反应混合物,得到99份(95.1%)4,5-二氢-3-〔1-(5-甲基-3-异噁唑基)亚胺基〕乙基〕-2(3H)-呋喃酮油状残留物(中间体15)。
b)于98份4,5-二氢-3-〔1-(5-甲基-3-异噁唑基)亚胺基〕乙基〕-2(3H)-呋喃酮,348份甲苯和300份氯仿的搅拌混合物中滴加150份磷酰氯。加毕,继续搅拌回流3小时。将反应混合物浓缩至体积减半,将残留物倒入碎冰中。将整个混合物用氨水溶液处理,用240份4-甲基-2-戊酮提取产物两次,将合并的提取液干燥、过滤并真空蒸发。残留物溶于氯仿中,经硅胶过滤,滤液真空浓缩。残留物用甲苯和异丙醚的混合物结晶,得到96份(88.2%)的6-(2-氯乙基)-2,5-二甲基-7H-异噁唑并〔2,3-a〕嘧啶-7-酮;mp.165℃(中间体16)。
B.最终化合物的制备
实施例8
将5份3-(2-氯乙基)-6,7,8,9-四氢-2-甲基-4H-吡啶并〔1,2-a〕嘧啶-4-酮-盐酸盐、5份3-(1-哌嗪基)-1,2-苯并异噻唑二盐酸盐、8份碳酸钠、0.2份碘化钾和200份4-甲基-2-戊酮的混合物搅拌回流20小时。将反应混合物过滤,然后蒸发滤液。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分,并蒸发洗脱液。将残留物在2-丙醇中转化成E-2-丁烯二酸盐。将该盐滤出,用乙醇结晶。将产物滤出并干燥,得到7.4份(85%)3-〔2-〔4-(1,2-苯并异噻唑-3-基)-1-哌嗪基〕乙基〕-6,7,8,9-四氢-2-甲基-4H-吡啶并〔1,2-a〕嘧啶-4-酮E-2-丁烯二酸盐(1∶1);mp.186.0℃(化合物1)。
实施例9
将7.4份7-(2-溴乙基)-3,4-二氢-8-甲基-2H,6H-嘧啶并〔2,1-b〕〔1,3〕噻嗪-6-酮-氢溴酸盐、4.4份7-甲基-3-(1-哌嗪基)-1,2-苯并异噁唑,10份碳酸钠和94份N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的混合物在90℃下搅拌过夜。冷却后,将反应混合物倒入水中,用4-甲基-2-戊酮提取产物。提取液干燥,过滤并蒸发。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分并蒸发洗脱液。残留物用4-甲基-2-戊酮结晶。滤出产物并干燥之,得到3.8份(44.6%)3,4-二氢-8-甲基-7-〔2-〔4-(7-甲基-1,2-苯并异噁唑-3-基)-1-哌嗪基〕乙基〕-2H,6H-嘧啶并〔2,1-b〕〔1,3〕-噻嗪-6-酮;mp.170.0℃(化合物2)。
实施例10
在室温下,将4.4份6-〔2-〔4-〔(2,4-二氟苯基)(羟亚胺基)甲基〕-1-哌嗪基〕乙基〕-2,3-二氢-7-甲基-5H-噻唑并〔3,2-a〕嘧啶-5-酮在45份四氢呋喃中的溶液进行搅拌。分批加入0.5份氢化钠分散液(50%)。加毕,加入108份甲苯,并将反应混合物搅拌回流18小时。冷却后,加入16份乙醇,接着加入3份乙酸。将整个混合物搅拌10分钟。混合物用氨水处理,用4-甲基-2-戊酮提取产物。将提取液干燥、过滤并蒸发。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱液进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分,蒸发洗脱液。残留物用乙腈结晶。滤出产物并干燥,得到3.8份(91.4%)6-〔2-〔4-(6-氟-1,2-苯并异噁唑-3-基)-1-哌嗪基〕乙基〕-2,3-二氢-7-甲基-5H-噻唑并〔3,2-a〕嘧啶-5-酮;mp.193.0℃(化合物3)。
实施例11
将2.5份3-〔2-〔4-〔(2-氟苯基)(2-苯基亚肼基)甲基〕-1-哌嗪基〕乙基〕-2-甲基-4H-吡啶并〔1,2-a〕嘧啶-4-酮,1份碳酸钾和27.8份1,2-乙二醇搅拌回流过夜。冷却反应混合物,然后倒入水中。用二氯甲烷提取产物。提取液干燥、过滤并蒸发。残留物以氯仿/甲醇混合物(95∶5,体积计)为洗脱剂进行硅胶柱层析纯化。收集纯馏分并蒸发洗脱液。将残留物在2-丙醇中转化成盐酸盐。将盐滤出,干燥,得到0.7份(25.5%)2-甲基-3-〔2-〔4-(1-苯基-1H-咪唑-3-基)-1-哌嗪基〕乙基〕-4H-吡啶并〔1,2-a〕嘧啶-4-酮;mp.260.0℃(分解)(化合物4)。
按实施例6-9中所述制备方法得到了表1所列的所有化合物,如标题为“实施例编号”的栏下所说明的。
C.药理学实施例
目的化合物作为抑制精神药的活性可通过由至少两种不同试验(即用大鼠和阿朴吗啡-、色胺-、和去甲肾上腺素相结合进行的体内试验和用狗进行的阿朴吗啡试验)中的一种所得到的实验数据来证明。试验按下述步骤进行,实验数据在表3中给出。
实施例12
用大鼠进行的阿朴吗啡(APO)-、色胺(TRY)-和去甲肾上腺素(NOR)相结合的体内试验。
本试验所用的实验动物为成年雄性Wistar大鼠(重240±10g)。禁食过夜后,把试验化合物的水溶液皮下给药或使动物口服(1ml/kg体重)(时间=0),并把动物装在隔离的观察笼中。30分钟后(时间=30分),静脉注射阿朴吗啡盐酸盐(APO)(1.25mg/kg),观察大鼠1小时,看是否出现阿朴吗啡诱导的下述现象:焦虑不安和刻板的咀嚼。结束此观察过程时(时间=90分钟),给同一些动物静脉注射色胺(TRY)(40mg/kg),注意典型的色胺诱导的两侧耳的紧张发作和充血。最后在预处理2小时后(时间=120分),用去甲肾上腺素(NOR)静脉处理同一些动物(1.25mg/kg),最迟在60分钟之后观察可能的死亡率。
表3给出了一些试验化合物的ED50值。在此所用的ED50值表示可使50%的动物不产生阿朴吗啡-、色胺-或去甲肾上腺素诱导的现象的剂量。
用狗进行的阿朴吗啡试验(APO-狗)
所用方法由P.A.J.Janssen和C.J.E.Niemegeers描述在Arzneim.-Forsch.(Drug Res.),9,765,767(1959)中。将表3所列的化合物以不同的剂量通过皮下给药或口服给小猎兔犬(beagle dogs),1小时后,用阿朴吗啡的一个标准剂量(0.31mg/kg,S.C.)处理这些动物。
表3给出了一些试验化合物的ED50值。在此所用的ED50值表示保持50%动物不产生呕吐的剂量。
表3所列的化合物不是对本发明的限制,而是举例说明所有式(Ⅰ)化合物的有用的药理学活性。
表3
D.组合物实施例
下述制剂是用来举例说明典型的、适于按本发明系统地用于动物和人体的、呈剂量单位形式的药物组合物。
在这些实施例中所用的“活性成分”(A.I.)指式(Ⅰ)化合物或其可药用酸加成盐。
实施例13:口腔滴剂
在60-80℃下,将500份A.I.溶于0.5l2-羟基丙酸和1.5l聚乙二醇中。冷却至30-40℃后,加入35l聚乙二醇,并将混合物充分搅拌。然后加入1750份糖精钠在2.5l纯水中的溶液,并在搅拌下加入2.5l可可调味香料和足量的聚乙二醇至体积50l,由此提供了含10mg/ml A.I.的口腔滴剂。将得到的溶液装入合适的容器中。
实施例14:口服液
将9份4-羟基苯甲酸甲酯和1份4-羟基苯甲酸丙酯溶于4l煮沸的纯水中。在3l该溶液中先溶解10份2,3-二羟基丁二酸,然后溶解20份A.I.。将后一种溶液与前一种溶液的剩余部分合并,于其中加入12l1,2,3-丙三醇和3l山梨醇70%溶液。将40份糖精钠溶于0.5l水中,加入2ml树莓和2ml醋粟香精。将后一种溶液与前一种溶液合并,加入足量的水至体积20l,由此提供了每茶匙(5ml)含5mg A.I.的口服液,将得到的溶液装入合适的容器中。
实施例15:胶囊
将20份A.I.、6份硫酸月桂酯钠、56份淀粉、56份乳糖、0.8份胶态二氧化硅和1.2份硬脂酸镁一起剧烈搅拌。然后把得到的混合物装入1000个合适的硬明胶胶囊中,每个胶囊含有20mgA.I.。
实施例16:薄膜包衣片
片核的制备:
将100份A.I.、570份乳糖和200份淀粉的混合物充分混合,然后用5份硫酸十二烷基硫酸酯钠和10份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Kollidon-K90 )在约200ml水中的溶液润湿。将湿粉状混合物过筛。然后加入100份微晶纤维素(Avicel )和15份氢化值物油(Sterotex )。将整个混合物充分混合并压成片,得到10,000片,每片含10mgA.I.。
包衣:
于10份甲基纤维素(Methocel60HG )在75ml变性酒精中的溶液中加入5份乙基纤维素(Ethocel 22 cps )在150ml二氯甲烷中的溶液。然后加入75ml二氯甲烷和2.5ml 1,2,3-丙三醇。将10份聚乙二醇熔化并溶解于75ml二氯甲烷中。将后一种溶液加到前一种溶液中,然后加入2.5份硬脂酸镁、5份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和30ml浓缩的着色悬浮液(Opaspray K-1-2109 )将整个混合物均化。在包衣装置中用得到的这种混合物对片核进行包衣。
实施例17:注射液
将1.8份4-羟基苯甲酸甲酯和0.2份4-羟基苯甲酸丙酯溶于约0.5l煮沸的注射用水中。冷却至约50℃后,搅拌下加入4份乳酸、0.05份丙二醇和4份A.I.。将该溶液冷却至室温,用足量的注射用水补足1l,得到含4mg/mlA.I.的溶液。将该溶液过滤灭菌(U.S.P.ⅩⅦp.811)并装入无菌容器中。
实施例18:栓剂
将3份A.I.溶于3份2,3-二羟基丁二酸在25ml聚乙二醇400中的溶液中。将12份表面活性剂(SPAN )和足量的甘油三酸酯(Witepsol 555 )(加至300份)一起熔化,将后面的混合物与前一种溶液很好混合。将由此得到的混合物倒入37-38℃的模子中,形成100粒栓剂,每粒含A.I.30mg/ml。
Claims (9)
1、式(Ⅰ)所示的化合物、其可药用酸加成盐或其立体异构体,
式中,
R为氢或C1-6烷基;
R1和R2各自独立地为氢、卤素、羟基、C1-6烷氧基或C1-6烷基;
X为O、S或NR3;所述R3为氢、C1-6烷基、芳基或芳基-C1-6烷基;
Alk为C1-4链烷二基;及
Q为下式所示的一个基团,
式中Y1和Y2各自独立地为O或S;
R4为氢、卤素、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、三氟甲基、硝基、氰基、羟基、(C1-6烷基羰基)氧基、氨基、一和二(C1-6烷基)氨基、(C1-10烷基羰基)氨基、苯甲氧基或叠氮基;
R5为氢或卤素;或
Q为下式所示的基团之一,
式中R6为氢或C1-6烷基;
Z为-S-或-CR7=CR8-;其中R7和R8各自独立地为氢或C1-6烷基;或Z为-CH2-,其中一个氢原子可以被羟基或C1-6烷基取代;
A是一个二价基-CH2-CH2-或-CH2-CH2-CH2-,在后面两个基中,一个或两个氢原子可以被C1-6烷基取代;或A为二价基-CR9=CR10-,其中R9和R10各自独立地为氢、卤素、氨基或C1-6烷基;或者当Z为-S-时,A也可以为-CR11=N-,其中R11为氢或C1-6烷基;或者当Z为-CR7=CR8-时,A也可以为-O-;及
每一个芳基为被最多三个独立地选自C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、羟基、卤素、氨基、硝基和三氟甲基的取代基任意取代的苯基。
2、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R是氢;R1和R2各自独立地为氢、卤素或C1-6烷基;Q为式(a)所示的、Y1和Y2为氧和R4和R5为氢的一个基团,或Q为式(b)所示的R6为C1-6烷基的一个基团。
3、根据权利要求2的化合物,其中R2为氢或卤素;X为O、S或NH;Q为式(b)基团,Z为-S-或-CR9=CH-,所述的R7为氢或C1-6烷基,或Z为CH2,其中的一个氢原子可以被C1-6烷基替换;而A为-CH2-CH2或-CH2-CH2-CH2-,后两个基团中的每一个中都可以有一个或两个氢原子被C1-6烷基替换,或A为-CR9=CR10-,所述的R9和R10各自独立地为氢或C1-6烷基。
4、根据权利要求3的化合物,其中R1为氢、氟或甲基;R2为氢;-Z-A-为-Z-A-is-S-CH2-CH2,-S-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-S-CH=CR10-,-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-C(CH3)=CH-CH=CH-或-CH=CH-CH=CR10-,
R10为氢或甲基。
5、根据权利要求4的化合物,其中X为O或NH;而R1为氢或6-氟。
6、抑制精神用的组合物,其中包括一种惰性载体和权利要求1-5中任一项所要求的一种有效量的抑制精神化合物作为活性成分。
7、治疗温血动物精神性疾病的方法,包括给所述的温血动物使用有效量的抑制精神的权利要求1-5中任一项所要求的化合物。
9、制备根据权利要求1-5中任一项所要求的式(Ⅰ)化合物的方法,其特征在于:
a)在反应惰性的有机溶剂中,随意地在碱存在下和随意地在碱金属碘化物存在下,并在高温搅拌条件下,用式Q-Alk-W(Ⅱ)所示的烷基化试剂(其中Q和Alk如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义,而W为离去基团)对式(Ⅲ)试剂进行N-烷基化反应,
式中R,R1,R2和X同式(Ⅰ)下面的定义;或
b)在反应惰性的有机溶剂中,随意地在碱存在下和随意地在碱金属碘化物存在下,并在高温搅拌条件下,用式(Ⅴ)的吲哚对式(Ⅳ)的哌嗪衍生物进行N-烷基化反应,
式中R1、R2和X如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义,而W1为离去基团,
式中Q、Alk和R如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义;或
c)在反应惰性的溶剂中,随意地在高温下,用碱处理,使式(Ⅵ)的中间体环化,由此得到式(Ⅰ-a)化合物,
式中,X为O或NR3,W为离去基团,而Q、Alk、R、R1、R2和R3如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义,
式中X1为氧或NR3,而Q、Alk、R、R1、R2和R3如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义;或
d)在高温下,随意地在反应惰性的溶剂中和随意地在碱存在下,使式(Ⅶ)中间体进行环化,由此得到式(Ⅰ-a-1)化合物,
式中Q、Alk、R、R1、R2和R12如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义,
式中Q、Alk、R、R1和R2如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义;或
e)在反应惰性溶剂中,随意地在高温下,通过用碱处理来用式R3-a-W(Ⅷ)烷基化试剂(其中,W为离去基团,R3-a为C1-6烷基、芳基或芳基C1-6烷基)对式(Ⅰ-b-2)化合物进行N-烷基化,由此得到式(Ⅰ-b-1)化合物,
式中Q、Alk、R、R1和R2如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义,
式中Q、Alk、R、R1和R2如在式(Ⅰ)中所定义,而R3-a为C1-6烷基、芳基或芳基C1-6烷基;并且
需要时,可用酸处理把式(Ⅰ)化合物转化成有治疗活性的无毒的酸加成盐;或反过来,用碱把酸的盐转化成游离碱,和/或制备其立体异构体。
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| EP2337783A1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-06-29 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG | Isoxazolo[4,5]pyridin-3-yl-piperazin derivatives useful as modulatorsof dopamine d3 receptors |
| US11676855B2 (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2023-06-13 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Patterning interconnects and other structures by photo-sensitizing method |
| CN118541369A (zh) * | 2022-01-11 | 2024-08-23 | 苏文生命科学有限公司 | 杂脂环衍生物及其在治疗cns病症中的用途 |
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| US4411901A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1983-10-25 | Mead Johnson & Company | Benzisothiazole and benzisoxazole piperazine derivatives |
| US4452799A (en) | 1981-12-23 | 1984-06-05 | Mead Johnson & Company | Benzisothiazole and benzisoxazole piperazine derivatives |
| HU198036B (en) | 1983-08-22 | 1989-07-28 | Hoechst Roussel Pharma | Process for production of derivatives of 3-piperidil-/1h/-indasole and medical preparatives containing them |
| US4524206A (en) | 1983-09-12 | 1985-06-18 | Mead Johnson & Company | 1-Heteroaryl-4-(2,5-pyrrolidinedion-1-yl)alkyl)piperazine derivatives |
| US4590196A (en) | 1984-08-23 | 1986-05-20 | Bristol-Myers Company | Analgesic 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-ylpiperazine derivatives |
| US4804663A (en) * | 1985-03-27 | 1989-02-14 | Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. | 3-piperidinyl-substituted 1,2-benzisoxazoles and 1,2-benzisothiazoles |
| EP0302423A3 (en) | 1987-08-07 | 1991-01-09 | Hoechst-Roussel Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | 1-phenyl-3-(1-piperazinyl)-1h-indazoles, a process and intermediates for their preparation, and the use thereof as medicaments |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114634479A (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-17 | 北京盈科瑞创新药物研究有限公司 | 一种派嗪衍生物、其制备方法及应用 |
| CN114634479B (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2025-02-07 | 北京盈科瑞创新药物研究有限公司 | 一种派嗪衍生物、其制备方法及应用 |
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