CH700076B1 - Wood slit device for splitting pieces of wood. - Google Patents

Abstract

A device (100) for the mechanical splitting of wood pieces has a split knife (2). In order to hold the piece of wood before the splitting operation, the splitting knife can be lifted to a predetermined splitting stroke height by means of hydraulics, whereupon the cutting edge (20), loaded with its own weight, is lowered onto the upper side of the piece of wood by hydraulically braked lowering of a leading splitting knife lower part (2.2) In vertical position. After this, a splitting knife top part (2.1) is lowered onto the splitter blade lower part and these two splitter knife parts - together forming the splitting knife (2) - are driven hydraulically into the piece of wood to be split.

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a device for mechanically splitting wooden pieces, in particular of wooden trunks or wooden trunks, according to the preamble of claim 1 in general and the holding device integrated therein for the pieces of wood to be split in the desired vertical position Before the beginning of the splitting operation in particular, as well as the method for the wood splitting which can be carried out with this device.

[0002] Wood-splitting machines have long been known in various embodiments.

[0003] Conventional wood-split devices have a vertical column, from the upper end of which a gap wedge or splitting knife provided for the splitting of the wood extends substantially horizontally and towards the operator. At the lower end of the column or in the vicinity thereof, there is a support table, a counter-plate or the like for the positioning of the essentially vertically oriented and, in principle, also the vertical fiber direction, a splitting piece of wood. By actuation of a two-hand safety circuit, the drive device, which is usually hydraulically operating, can be switched to flow through the gap knife by means of a corresponding valve,

Before the beginning of the splitting operation, the operator is to place the piece of wood to be split on the support plate, had previously to be held with at least one hand and properly adjusted, after which the 2-hand safety circuit is actuated for the downward movement of the splitting knife. The splitting knife is moved at a slow speed towards the piece of wood to be split, penetrates into the latter from the upper side thereof and splits it. Advantageously, it is provided that the splitting knife stops before reaching the support table, for example after releasing the actuating lever, the two splitting pieces fall laterally into the two wooden holding brackets, and the wedge wedge then returns to its height in the reverse direction Upper output position.

[0005] In the prior art in the field of wood-split devices and their safety devices, the following should be carried out: DE 9 115 379 U1, AT 000 217 U1, DE 29 719 845 U1 and DE 4 239 786 A1 show various solutions to the task of holding a piece of wood to be split in a vertical position before the actual splitting operation and thus to contribute to the safety of the operator. In this case, either the wedge wedge itself is inserted by being pivotally mounted on the spar, and by the action of a switching mechanism in the first working phase only the holding of the wood piece is maintained, or a small additional wedge or a throat projecting through the wedge is provided.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages of conventional wood-gap devices and to provide a structurally simple and error-free functioning device for splitting wood pieces which allows a simple and less dangerous operation of the machine, in particular for the hands of the operator Through the actual wood nip process, and in particular before or until its beginning.

[0008] According to the invention, the stated object is achieved with the features specified in the characterizing clause of claim 1.

[0009] In the sense of the invention, advantageous embodiments of the wood splitting device are mentioned in the dependent claims which follow in each case briefly explained below.

[0010] The present invention provides in a simple manner a possibility to reliably avoid the hazards, which are still not to be completely excluded during wood splitting, in particular for the hands of the operator, in a very simple and effective manner. It is envisaged that, as is customary in conventional devices, the splitting process is initiated by a suitable triggering / actuating lever, for example, by means of a 2-hand circuit according to EN 609-1, whereby the wedge wedge is applied to the piece of wood placed on the support plate Is moved downwards.

Reference should be made in this connection to the European standard EN 609-1 from 1999, the chapter 4.5 of which is referred to in subparagraphs 4.5.1 and 4.5.2, concerning wood preservation facilities and which provides that these holding devices Must be designed in such a way that the wood can be split without having to be held in position by contact with the hands or feet of the operator, and in particular, before the actual splitting operation, the wood to be split is prevented from falling And possibly injured the operator.

According to the invention, it is ensured that, as before, the installation and vertical positioning of the piece of wood to be split takes place at the beginning of the splitting operation with at least one hand, but then, after the stabilization of its position, The risk zone can be taken, and thus holding the wood piece manually is no longer necessary sufficiently long before the actual splitting operation is initiated, and thus the operator is no longer endangered.

The overturning of the wood pieces to be avoided, as described above, is prevented by the inherent gravity or by the dead weight and / or by a frictional connection of the split knife lower part provided for the secure holding of the wood piece with the actual gap cutting edge, Is fully or at least largely resting on the upper surface of the wood piece for a large part of its length or is first placed thereon and at least minimally penetrates there, whereby the position keeping or fixing of the wood piece is fully secured before the beginning of the actual splitting operation.

The new type of wood holding device facilitates ergonomic, time-saving work when splitting wood pieces, since the split material reliably retains the substantially vertical position desired for the splitting operation even before the beginning of the splitting operation.

[0015] According to the invention, the gap knife is designed as a unitary compact machine part and has a lateral displacement between the two cutting surfaces of the splitting knife upper part which can be subjected to force and the slit knife lower part carrying the actual slit cutting edge Splitter blade top and bottom part is excluded.

The actuating device according to the invention is provided for the lowering of the splitting knife lower part which is responsible for the safe and safe holding of the flotation piece to be cleaved, the slit edge of which is not reached until the hydraulic device has been actuated Or force applied by the pneumatic force and then to this splitter blade lower part, for the subsequent vertical splitting of the piece of wood to be split. By actuation of the release handle, for example by pivoting, the split knife lower part is disengaged with its gap edge,

[0017] Claims 4 and 5 describe the complementary, mutually complementary configuration of the positive-locking surfaces of the separating surfaces of the splitting knife top and bottom part.

Finally, the claim 6 relates to the method according to the invention for the cleaving of wood, which can be carried out with the new blade-splitting device and which practically involves the risk of injury to the operator.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0020] FIGS. 1 and 2 show in an oblique view the essential mosaic piece of the new flap splitter device, namely the split splitting knife provided with the splitter knife for holding the splinter to be split before the actual splitting operation FIG. 3 to 5 show, in a front view and in two side views, the essential part of the new leaf gap device, and FIGS. 5 to 8 also show in a front view and two side views the complete new one Flolzspalt device.

FIG. 1 shows how, at the beginning of the gap, that is to say in the basic position G, the splitting knife upper part 2.1, which can be supplied with the force for the splitting, is arranged with its lower, Like curved surface 21 in the manner of a roof in the manner of a roof-like surface and over the entire length sl to the gutter-like upper surface 22 of the splitter blade lower part 2.2.

On its underside the splitting knife lower part 2.2 carries the gap gap 20, which is essential for the process of the actual slitting of the floc, in its full length sl.

FIG. 1 also shows how the splitting knife top part 2 a protrudes forwardly from an upper part holding plate 210 which is oriented transversely to its extension. This upper part holding plate 210 is in turn connected to a hydraulic working cylinder, which is not shown here, which ensures the application of the nip force thereto. On the underside, the upper part holding plate 210 has an indentation 211, into which a correspondingly shaped projection 221 of a lower part holding plate 220 fits in a form-fitting manner. From this lower part holding plate 220, in the same way as the splitting knife top part 2.1 from the upper part holding plate 210, the splitting knife lower part 2.2 protrudes forward with the downwardly directed, wood splitting effective slit edge 20.

The lower part holding plate 220 is in each case connected on both sides to a travel limiting rod 222 which in each case passes through a travel limiting ring 212 on the upper part holding plate 210 and on the upper side a travel limiting nut 223 which supports the downward movement of the lower part holding plate 220 and, Of the gap-knife lower part 2.2 with the gap cutting edge 20 relative to the gap knife upper part 2.1 is clearly limited.

1 and 2, a hydraulic cylinder, which is also connected to the lower part holding plate 220, of a braking device 2.5, by means of which a slow and thus non-hazardous lowering of this lower part holding plate 220 and of the gap- Section 2.2 with the gap cutting edge 20 is ensured. In this way, a risk of injury to an operator is virtually eliminated by the splitting knife base 2.2, which can have a weight of 10 kg, and in particular by its slit cutting edge 20.

2 shows, as before the beginning of the actual splitting operation, the splitting knife lower part 2.2 is separated by the lowering of the splitting knife upper part 2.1 which has not yet come into action by lowering, and how the two movement limiting rods 222 with their limiting nuts 223 now Can rest against the movement limiting rings 212 on the two sides of the upper part holding plate 210, which definitely limits a further downward movement of the gap knife lower part 2.2.

Claims (6)

At the same time, it can be seen here that, as in this initial position A, the gap cutting edge 20 of the lowered gap knife lower part 2 r rests on the upper end face 71 of a round piece of wood 7 to be split, the gap edge 20 being quite slightly inserted into the wood And ensures, by virtue of its own weight, that the round piece of wood 7 remains in the thus fixed vertical position VL and can no longer fall over, with which the danger of injury is prevented by a possible overturning or overturning of the piece of wood 7 to be split. At this stage, therefore, the gap-cutting edge 20 has the essential function of a piece of wood cutting. On the upper side, a release pin 224, which is in connection with the split knife lower part 2.2, projects upwards from the upper part 2.1 of the splitting knife, the actuation of which causes the lower part 2 of the splitting knife. 2 from the splitting knife top 2.1 and - braked by the braking device 2.5 - slowly sinks downwards with its slit cutting edge 20 up to the wood piece 7 or up to the upper end face 71 thereof. 3 shows in front view the novel splitting knife assembly 100 from the front, where the interengagement cooperation of the separating surfaces 21, 22 of the two splitting knife holding plates 210 and 220 is very visible therewith. Such a positively locking cooperating position takes the two splitting knife parts 2. 1 and 2. 2 forming the splitting knives 2 and the two holding plates 210, 220 which ensure the movement thereof, during the splitting of the wood piece 7. [0031] The two side views according to FIGS. 4 and 5 show once again the matching arrangement of the two adjacent splitting knife parts 2.1 and 2.2 of the splitting knife 2 of the inventive wood splitting device 100 before the splitting process, that is to say, in the basic position, With respect to their relative position relative to each other, practically does not differ from the relative position of the two splitter blade parts 2.1 and 2.2 during the actual splitting operation S. On the other hand, the side view of FIG. 5 shows very clearly the separation of the splitting knife lower part 2.2 with the slit cutting edge 20 after its braked lowering, Which once in this position practically only fulfills the task of holding the piece of wood 7 to be split by loading its upper end face 71 with the gap cutting edge 20. 4 and 5, the rear-mounted hydraulic cylinder of the braking device 225 is provided for the controlled, braked lowering of the splitting knife lower part 2.2 with the slit cutting edge 20 onto the upper end surface 71 of the first vertical position VL Which is to be kept secure and is then only then fixed by means of the wood piece 7 to be split by the gap-knife parts 2.1 and 2.2-formed with one another by means of a hydraulic force. So that this then penetrates into the piece of wood 7, which in turn splits it. [0035] Further, securing brackets 84 are provided on the flange part 7 on both sides. On the upper side, the release lever 224 protrudes obliquely forwardly for the lowering of the splitting knife lower part 2.2 onto the wood piece 7 to stabilize it. After the wood piece 7 to be split is positioned in a substantially vertical position on the support plate 83, the slit knife lower part 2.2 is lowered with its slit cutting edge 20 onto the upper free end face 71 of the wood piece 7 and only then is the two- The upper part of the splitting knife 2.1, which can be moved by means of the hydraulics 8, towards the piece of flare 7, to the splitting knife lower part 2. 2 and the latter is acted upon by the splitting force required for splitting the piece of wood 7, thus splitting the wood piece 7. In particular, FIG. 7 shows the lever 84 of the two-hand safety device, which protrudes laterally from the column 81 on both sides, for the initiation of the actual splitting process, in particular in FIG. 7, in the case of otherwise identical reference character assumptions. claims

1. A wood-split device with a device column for the automatic splitting of wood pieces, in particular of wood trunks or wood trusses, with a splitting knife arranged on a hydraulic device which can be moved up and down, (8) during the splitting process relative to the support plate (83), and after the end of the splitting process, the splitting knife (2) is again lifted from the latter by means of the hydraulic device (8), as a support for the piece of wood (7) (85) for the triggering of the splitting process, wherein the device (100) is provided with a cutting element-shaped retaining element for holding the wood piece (7) in a region of the workpiece Substantially vertical position or(VL) is equipped, before the start of the splitting process, for the prevention of an uncontrolled fall-over which endangers the operator, characterized in that the splitting knife (2) can be moved upwards and downwards by means of the hydraulic device (8) (2) which is provided for the wood nip process, with a full nip cutting length (Is), which is provided for the wood nip process, and which is independent of the nip cutting edge section (2.1), and the nip- (2.1) can be moved up and down and can be lowered as a piece of wood holding element onto the upper free end face (71) of the piece of wood (7) to be split.Characterized in that the splitting knife (2) has a splitting knife upper part (2.1) which can be moved up and downwards by means of the hydraulic device (8) and can be moved upwards and downwards and a splitting knife lower part (2.2) Wherein the cutting blade lower part (2.2) comprises the cutting gap (20), which is provided for the wood nip operation, with a full slit cutting length (Is) and can be moved up and down independently of the slit knife upper part (2.1) Upper free end face (71) of the wooden piece (7) to be split.Characterized in that the splitting knife (2) has a splitting knife upper part (2.1), which can be moved up and downwards by means of the hydraulic device (8), can be moved upwards and downwards and a splitting knife lower part (2.2) Wherein the cutting blade lower part (2.2) comprises the cutting gap (20), which is provided for the wood nip operation, with a full slit cutting length (Is) and can be moved up and down independently of the splitting knife upper part (2.1) Upper free end face (71) of the wooden piece (7) to be split.2), wherein the split-knife bottom part (2.2) comprises the cutting gap (20) provided for the wood nip process with a full slit cutting length (Is) and can be moved up and down independently of the slit knife upper part (2.1) Holding element can be lowered onto the upper free end face (71) of the piece of wood (7) to be split.2), wherein the split-knife bottom part (2.2) comprises the cutting gap (20) provided for the wood nip process with a full slit cutting length (Is) and can be moved up and down independently of the slit knife upper part (2.1) Holding element can be lowered onto the upper free end face (71) of the piece of wood (7) to be split.

2. The wood-split device according to claim 1, wherein the gap-knife lower part has an upper separating surface and the upper part of the splitting knife has a lower separating surface, wherein the two separating surfaces, (211, 212), in particular with a longitudinal groove and spring, which cooperate with one another and which cooperate with each other in a precisely fit manner over their entire length (sl).

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a release handle (224) projecting out of its device column (81), preferably obliquely upwards, through which the nip knife bottom part (2.2) Gap cutting edge (20) and which is then braked by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic brake device (225) - to the piece of wood to be split (7).

4. The flip-gap device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower separating surface (21) of the splitting knife upper part (2.1) is provided with a positive-locking projection and the upper separating surface (22) With a form-fitting recess having a corresponding cross-section.

5. The flip-gap device according to claim 4, wherein the lower separating surface (21) of the splitting-knife upper part (2.1) is provided with the form-locking elevation having a triangular cross-section and thus the upper separating surface (22 ) Of the splitting blade lower part (2.2), with a corresponding groove or groove having a triangular cross-section.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the entire splitting knife (2) is pressed before the beginning of each splitting operation by means of the hydraulic system. (DE). WIPO Home services World Intellectual Property Organization (8) is lifted to a respective splitting stroke height (sh) which maintains a predefined spacing between the gap cutting edge (20) of the splitting knife lower part (2.2) from the upper end face (71) of the piece of flake (7) After which the lower part of the knife (220), which is arranged on a separate lower part-holding plate (220), can be moved down and down.2), the slit (20) of the latter is only lowered by the dead weight of the latter, and is penetrated into the upper end face (71) of the flange part (7), and thus holds and fixes it in the desired vertical position (VL) (2.1), which is connected to the same, and which is connected in front of it with its split slit (20) and serves as a flanging piece flipper element, is actuated by the hydraulic device (8) by means of an operating lever (84) (2.1) and the splitting knife lower part (2.2) by means of the hydraulics. (DE). WIPO Home services World Intellectual Property Organization (8) into the output(G) with the respectively set splitting stroke height (sh).