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CH680534A5 - Fabry=perot sensor for optical parameter measurement - uses two opposing mirrors respectively attached to deflected measuring membrane and transparent plate - Google Patents

Fabry=perot sensor for optical parameter measurement - uses two opposing mirrors respectively attached to deflected measuring membrane and transparent plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CH680534A5
CH680534A5 CH273391A CH273391A CH680534A5 CH 680534 A5 CH680534 A5 CH 680534A5 CH 273391 A CH273391 A CH 273391A CH 273391 A CH273391 A CH 273391A CH 680534 A5 CH680534 A5 CH 680534A5
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Switzerland
Prior art keywords
component according
mirror
plate
mirrors
measuring membrane
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CH273391A
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German (de)
Inventor
Werner Gasser
Beat Haelg
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Landis & Gyr Betriebs Ag
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Priority to CH273391A priority Critical patent/CH680534A5/en
Publication of CH680534A5 publication Critical patent/CH680534A5/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L9/00Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
    • G01L9/0041Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms
    • G01L9/0076Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms using photoelectric means
    • G01L9/0077Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms using photoelectric means for measuring reflected light
    • G01L9/0079Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms using photoelectric means for measuring reflected light with Fabry-Perot arrangements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/001Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on interference in an adjustable optical cavity

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

The sensor has a hollow space (6) defined between a transparent plate (1) and a silicon body (2), with 2 opposing mirrors (9, 12) on either side of this space (6). One of these mirrors (9) is attached to a silicon membrane (3) deflected in dependance on the measured parameter, the other mirror (12) attached to the transparent plate (1). At least one of the mirrors (9, 12) is made of platinum or a refractory metal, to prevent anodic bonding between the measuring membrane (3) and the plate (1) upon the mirrors (9, 12) being pressed together. A silicon oxide or silicon nitride stop layer (8) is provided between the measuring membrane (3) and the first mirror (9), both mirrors (9, 12) pref. having an anti-corrosion silicon nitride coating (13, 14). ADVANTAGE - Allows low-cost mass prodn.

Description

       

  
 



  Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Bauelement mit einem Hohlraum der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Art. 



  Ein solches Bauelement ist beispielsweise ein mikromechanisch herstellbares Fabry-Perot-Interferometer, das als Differenzdrucksensor verwendet werden kann. 



  Es wurde bereits ein Bauelement dieser Art vorgeschlagen (EP-A2 0 460 357), in dem ein Hohlraum im wesentlichen von zwei in einem kleinen Abstand gegenüberliegenden Flächen begrenzt ist, wobei die eine Fläche von einem Membranträger und einer von ihm umfassten Membran mit einem metallischen Spiegel und die andere Fläche von einer transparenten Platte mit einem weiteren Spiegel gebildet ist. Die beiden Spiegel bilden zusammen einen Teil des optischen Systems eines Fabry-Perot Interferometers, mit dem eine Auslenkung der Membran und damit eine Druckdifferenz messbar ist. 



  Der Membranträger und die Platte sind anodisch gebondet. Wenn die Spiegel aus Aluminium sind, besteht die Gefahr, dass das beim Bonden wirksame elektrische Feld den Hohlraum schliesst und sich die beiden Spiegel untrennbar miteinander verschweissen. Ein Verschweissen kann durch eine zwischen den Spiegeln angeordnete, mindestens 500 nm dicke Schutzschicht aus SiO2 oder Si3N4 verhindert werden. Wenn die Dicke der Schutzschicht in der Grössenordnung der Wellenlänge der verwendeten Lichtquelle - die hier etwa 700 nm beträgt - liegt, ergibt der entstehende Oxid-Luft- bzw. Nitrid-Luft-Übergang schlecht kontrollierbare Interferenzeffekte. Ferner verschlechtern sich die idealen monokristallinen Elastizitätseigenschaften der Membran wesentlich, wenn sie mit verhältnismässig dicken Schichten belegt ist. 



  Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Aufbau von Bauelementen, bei denen ein Körper aus Silizium und eine Platte  aus Glas einen Hohlraum mindestens teilweise umfassen, so zu verbessern, dass sie in grosser Stückzahl kostengünstig mikromechanisch herstellbar sind. 



  Die genannte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen. 



  Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. 



  Die einzige Zeichnungsfigur zeigt einen Fabry-Perot-Sensor zur Messung eines Differenzdruckes im Querschnitt. 



  In der Zeichnung bedeutet 1 eine transparente Platte aus einem nichtmetallischen Glas und 2 einen in der ursprünglichen Form z.B. rechtkantigen Körper aus einkristallinem Silizium, in den durch Abtragen von Material von mindestens einer Grundfläche her eine Messmembran 3 und ein die Messmembran 3 umfassender, rahmenförmiger Membranträger 4 geformt sind. Die Platte 1 und der Körper 2 sind fest an gemeinsamen Berührungsflächen 5 miteinander verbunden, womit, durch die Form des Membranträgers 4 bedingt, ein Hohlraum 6 gebildet ist. Der Hohlraum 6 kann hermetisch abgeschlossen sein; es ist aber auch möglich, jedoch in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt, dass im Membranträger 4 Einlasskanäle vorhanden sind, so dass der Hohlraum 6 für Gase und Flüssigkeiten von aussen zugänglich ist. 



  Auf einer an den Hohlraum 6 grenzenden ersten Begrenzungsfläche - einer Innenfläche 7 der Messmembran 3 - ist, durch eine Stoppschicht 8 aus Siliziumdioxid oder aus Siliziumnitrid zur Verhinderung der Silizidbildung von der Messmembran 3 getrennt, ein erster Spiegel 9 derart angebracht, dass eine Senkrechte 10 durch sein Flächenzentrum auch senkrecht durch das Flächenzentrum eines auf einer zweiten Begrenzungsfläche - einer Oberfläche 11 der Platte 1 - befestigten zweiten Spiegels 12 geht. Beide Spiegel 9, 12 sind gegen den Hohlraum 6 hin mit je einer Schutzschicht 13 bzw. 14 zur Verhinderung von Korrosion  abgedeckt. 



  Der erste Spiegel 9 ist mit der Messmembran 3 längs der Senkrechten 10 bewegbar. Die Spiegel 9 und 12 bilden zusammen ein Fabry-Perot-Interferometer, dessen optische Achse mit der Senkrechten 10 zusammenfällt. Die der Innenfläche 7 abgewandte Seite der Messmembran 3 grenzt an einen Aussenraum 15, der mit einem Medium 16 vom Druck p1 erfüllt ist, während im Hohlraum 6 ein Druck p2 herrscht. Auf die Messmembran 3 wirken die durch die Druckdifferenz  delta p = p1-p2 verursachten Kräfte ein und bewirken gegen die Rückstellkräfte in der Messmembran 3 einen Membranhub, der den Spiegel 9 längs der optischen Achse des Interferometers verschiebt. Damit ist die optische Länge des Interferometers von der Druckdifferenz  delta p abhängig. 



  Bei einem vorteilhaften Aufbau der Anordnung ist die Stoppschicht 8 nur in einem vorbestimmten Bereich der Innenfläche 7 in einer Schichtdicke von etwa 20 nm angebracht, womit verhindert ist, dass sich aus dem metallischen Material des Spiegels 9 und der Messmembran 3 ein Silizid bildet. Da sich die beiden Spiegel 9 und 12 in einem Abstand von nur etwa 1  mu m bis 4  mu m gegenüberstehen, werden beim Verbinden der Platte 1 mit dem Membranträger 4 durch anodisches Bonden die metallischen Spiegel 9 und 12 durch das angelegte elektrische Feld zusammengepresst und, wenn die Spiegel 9, 12 bespielsweise aus Aluminium sind, sogar verschweisst.

  Um eine bleibende Verbindung zwischen der Messmembran 3 und der transparenten Platte 1 zu verhüten, genügt eine einige Nanometer dicke Metallschicht zwischen der Messmembran 3 und der Platte 1 aus einem das anodische Bonden von Silizium und Glas hemmenden Metall. Diese Metallschicht dient zugleich als Spiegel 9 bzw. 12. Ein Verschweissen der Spiegel 9, 12 wird besonders wirksam verhindert, wenn mindestens einer der Spiegel 9, 12 aus einem Platinmetall besteht. Andere geeignete Metalle, die anodisches Bonden hemmen können, sind bestimmte Edelmetalle wie beispielsweise Gold, Silber und Palladium sowie sogenannte Refractory-Metalle wie Wolfram, Titan und Molybdän. 



  Gute Korrosionsresistenz ist gewährleistet, wenn beide Spiegel 9, 12 je aus einer Platinmetall-Schicht sind. Die Metallschicht ist mit Vorteil auf den Bereich des Hohlraums 6 beschränkt, damit die transparente Platte 1 und der Körper 2 an ihren Berührungsflächen 5 miteinander anodisch gebondet werden können. 



  Die Schutzschicht 13 bzw. 14, welche den Spiegel 9 bzw. 12 vor Korrosion schützt, besteht aus Siliziumdioxid oder aus Siliziumnitrid und ist in einer Dicke von etwa 20 nm auf dem Spiegel 9 bzw. 12 angebracht. 



   Nebst einer hohen Ausbeute bringen die nicht verschweissbaren Spiegel 9, 12 bei der Fertigung den Vorteil, dass die Messmembran 3 vor dem anodischen Bonden vollständig im Körper 2 ausgebildet werden kann, so dass nach dem Verbinden des Membranträgers 4 mit der Platte 1 kein Abtragen von Material aus der Membranträgerplatte 2 mehr nötig ist. 



  Eine Vielzahl der beschriebenen Sensoren kann kostengünstig hergestellt werden, wenn als Ausgangsmaterial ein polierter Wafer aus einkristallinem Silizium in der erforderlichen Dicke des Körpers 2 verwendet wird, in dem gleichzeitig eine Vielzahl der Messmembranen beispielsweise mittels in der IC-Technik hinreichend bekannten Verfahren ausgebildet werden. 



  Der beispielhaft beschriebene Sensor kann selbstverständlich nicht nur zum Messen eines Differenzdruckes, sondern auch zur Messung anderer Messgrössen, z.B. einer Kraft oder einer Länge eingesetzt werden. 



   Auch andere mikromechanische - elektrische - und elektronische Bauteile können im Hohlraum 6 des Bauelements geschützt angeordnet werden. Der Hohlraum 6 wird von der Platte 1 aus Glas und dem auf die Platte 1 aufgesetzten und an der gemeinsamen Berührungsfläche 5 mittels anodischem Bonden verbundenen Körper 2 eingeschlossen und weist zwei einander zugewandte, im wesentlichen ebene Begrenzungsflächen - die Innenfläche 7 und  die Oberfläche 11 - auf, wobei die Oberfläche 11 durch die Platte 1 und die Innenfläche 7 durch den Körper 2 gebildet ist und wobei die Höhe des Hohlraums 6 senkrecht zur Ebene der Platte 1 klein ist gegenüber der Ausdehnung des Hohlraums 6 parallel zur Ebene der Platte 1 und wobei mindestens eine der beiden Begrenzungsflächen - die Innenfläche 7 bzw. die Oberfläche 11 - eine Metallschicht aus einem das anodische Bonden hemmenden Metall aufweist. 



  
 



  The invention relates to a component with a cavity of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.



  Such a component is, for example, a micromechanically producible Fabry-Perot interferometer that can be used as a differential pressure sensor.



  A component of this type has already been proposed (EP-A2 0 460 357), in which a cavity is essentially delimited by two surfaces located opposite one another at a small distance, the one surface being covered by a membrane carrier and a membrane surrounded by it with a metallic one Mirror and the other surface is formed by a transparent plate with another mirror. The two mirrors together form part of the optical system of a Fabry-Perot interferometer, with which a deflection of the membrane and thus a pressure difference can be measured.



  The membrane support and the plate are anodically bonded. If the mirrors are made of aluminum, there is a risk that the electrical field effective during bonding closes the cavity and the two mirrors are inseparably welded together. Welding can be prevented by a protective layer of SiO2 or Si3N4 that is at least 500 nm thick and is arranged between the mirrors. If the thickness of the protective layer is in the order of magnitude of the wavelength of the light source used - which here is approximately 700 nm - the resulting oxide-air or nitride-air transition results in poorly controllable interference effects. Furthermore, the ideal monocrystalline elastic properties of the membrane deteriorate significantly if it is covered with relatively thick layers.



  The invention is based on the object of improving the construction of components in which a body made of silicon and a plate made of glass at least partially enclose a cavity in such a way that they can be produced inexpensively in large quantities using micromechanical means.



  According to the invention, the stated object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements result from the dependent claims.



  An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.



  The only drawing figure shows a Fabry-Perot sensor for measuring a differential pressure in cross section.



  In the drawing 1 means a transparent plate made of a non-metallic glass and 2 means one in the original form e.g. Rectangular body made of single-crystalline silicon, in which a measuring membrane 3 and a frame-shaped membrane carrier 4 comprising the measuring membrane 3 are formed by removing material from at least one base area. The plate 1 and the body 2 are firmly connected to one another at common contact surfaces 5, which, due to the shape of the membrane carrier 4, forms a cavity 6. The cavity 6 can be hermetically sealed; However, it is also possible, but not shown in the drawing, that 4 inlet channels are present in the membrane carrier, so that the cavity 6 is accessible from the outside for gases and liquids.



  On a first boundary surface adjacent to the cavity 6 - an inner surface 7 of the measuring membrane 3 - a first mirror 9 is attached, separated by a stop layer 8 made of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride to prevent silicide formation, in such a way that a perpendicular 10 through its surface center also passes perpendicularly through the surface center of a second mirror 12 attached to a second boundary surface - a surface 11 of the plate 1. Both mirrors 9, 12 are covered against the cavity 6 each with a protective layer 13 or 14 to prevent corrosion.



  The first mirror 9 can be moved along the vertical 10 with the measuring membrane 3. The mirrors 9 and 12 together form a Fabry-Perot interferometer, the optical axis of which coincides with the vertical 10. The side of the measuring membrane 3 facing away from the inner surface 7 borders on an outer space 15, which is filled with a medium 16 of pressure p1, while a pressure p2 prevails in the cavity 6. The forces caused by the pressure difference delta p = p1-p2 act on the measuring membrane 3 and bring about a membrane stroke against the restoring forces in the measuring membrane 3, which displaces the mirror 9 along the optical axis of the interferometer. The optical length of the interferometer is therefore dependent on the pressure difference delta p.



  In an advantageous construction of the arrangement, the stop layer 8 is applied only in a predetermined area of the inner surface 7 in a layer thickness of approximately 20 nm, which prevents a silicide from forming from the metallic material of the mirror 9 and the measuring membrane 3. Since the two mirrors 9 and 12 face each other at a distance of only about 1 .mu.m to 4 .mu.m, when the plate 1 is connected to the membrane carrier 4, the metallic mirrors 9 and 12 are pressed together by the applied electrical field and, if the mirrors 9, 12 are made of aluminum, for example, even welded.

  In order to prevent a permanent connection between the measuring membrane 3 and the transparent plate 1, a metal layer a few nanometers thick between the measuring membrane 3 and the plate 1 made of a metal that inhibits the anodic bonding of silicon and glass is sufficient. This metal layer also serves as a mirror 9 or 12. Welding of the mirrors 9, 12 is particularly effectively prevented if at least one of the mirrors 9, 12 consists of a platinum metal. Other suitable metals that can inhibit anodic bonding are certain noble metals such as gold, silver and palladium as well as so-called refractory metals such as tungsten, titanium and molybdenum.



  Good corrosion resistance is guaranteed if both mirrors 9, 12 are each made of a platinum metal layer. The metal layer is advantageously limited to the area of the cavity 6 so that the transparent plate 1 and the body 2 can be anodically bonded to one another at their contact surfaces 5.



  The protective layer 13 or 14, which protects the mirror 9 or 12 from corrosion, consists of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride and is applied to the mirror 9 or 12 in a thickness of approximately 20 nm.



   In addition to a high yield, the non-weldable mirrors 9, 12 have the advantage during production that the measuring membrane 3 can be completely formed in the body 2 before the anodic bonding, so that no material is removed after the membrane carrier 4 has been connected to the plate 1 from the membrane support plate 2 is more necessary.



  A large number of the sensors described can be produced inexpensively if a polished wafer made of single-crystal silicon with the required thickness of the body 2 is used as the starting material, in which a large number of the measuring membranes are formed at the same time, for example by means of methods which are well known in IC technology.



  The sensor described by way of example can of course not only be used to measure a differential pressure, but also to measure other measured variables, e.g. force or length can be used.



   Other micromechanical - electrical - and electronic components can also be arranged in a protected manner in the cavity 6 of the component. The cavity 6 is enclosed by the plate 1 made of glass and the body 2 placed on the plate 1 and connected to the common contact surface 5 by means of anodic bonding and has two mutually facing, essentially flat boundary surfaces - the inner surface 7 and the surface 11 , wherein the surface 11 is formed by the plate 1 and the inner surface 7 by the body 2 and wherein the height of the cavity 6 perpendicular to the plane of the plate 1 is small compared to the expansion of the cavity 6 parallel to the plane of the plate 1 and at least one of the two boundary surfaces - the inner surface 7 and the surface 11 - has a metal layer made of a metal that inhibits anodic bonding.


    

Claims (11)

1. Bauelement aus einer Platte (1) aus Glas mit einem auf die Platte (1) aufgesetzten und an einer gemeinsamen Berührungsfläche (5) mittels anodischem Bonden verbundenen Körper (2), die einen Hohlraum (6) einschliessen, der zwei einander zugewandte, im wesentlichen ebene Begrenzungsflächen - die Innenfläche (7) und die Oberfläche (11) - aufweist, wobei die eine Begrenzungsfläche - die Oberfläche (11) - durch die Platte (1) und die andere Begrenzungsfläche - die Innenfläche (7) - durch den Körper (2) gebildet ist und wobei die Höhe des Hohlraums (6) senkrecht zur Ebene der Platte (1) klein ist gegenüber der Ausdehnung des Hohlraums (6) parallel zur Ebene der Platte (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der beiden Begrenzungsflächen - die Innenfläche (7) bzw. die Oberfläche (11) - eine Metallschicht aus einem das anodische Bonden hemmenden Metall aufweist.       1. component made of a plate (1) made of glass with a body (2) placed on the plate (1) and connected to a common contact surface (5) by means of anodic bonding, which enclose a cavity (6), which faces two facing one another, essentially flat boundary surfaces - the inner surface (7) and the surface (11) -, one boundary surface - the surface (11) - by the plate (1) and the other boundary surface - the inner surface (7) - by the body (2) and wherein the height of the cavity (6) perpendicular to the plane of the plate (1) is small compared to the expansion of the cavity (6) parallel to the plane of the plate (1), characterized in that at least one of the two boundary surfaces - The inner surface (7) or the surface (11) - has a metal layer made of a metal that inhibits anodic bonding. 2. 2nd Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschicht aus einem Edelmetall ist. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal layer is made of a noble metal. 3. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschicht aus einem Platinmetall ist. 3. The component according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal layer is made of a platinum metal. 4. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschicht aus einem Refractory-Metall ist. 4. The component according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal layer is made of a refractory metal. 5. Bauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschicht ein Spiegel (9 bzw. 12) eines Fabry-Perot-Interferometers mit den zwei einander zugewandten planparallelen Spiegeln (9; 12) ist, dessen erster Spiegel (9) an der Innenfläche (7) einer Messmembran (3) und dessen zweiter Spiegel (12) an der Oberfläche (11) befestigt ist, wobei die Messmembran (3) und der sie umfassende Membranträger (4) im Körper (2) ausgebildet sind. 5. Component according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal layer is a mirror (9 or 12) of a Fabry-Perot interferometer with the two mutually facing plane-parallel mirrors (9; 12), the first mirror (9) on the inner surface (7) of a measuring membrane (3) and the second mirror (12) of which is attached to the surface (11), the measuring membrane (3) and the membrane carrier (4) surrounding it being formed in the body (2). 6. 6. Bauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Körper (2) - der Messmembran (3) - und der Metallschicht - dem ersten Spiegel (9) - eine Stoppschicht (8) zur Verhinderung der Silizidbildung angeordnet ist. Component according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that between the body (2) - the measuring membrane (3) - and the metal layer - the first mirror (9) - a stop layer (8) is arranged to prevent silicide formation. 7. Bauelement nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoppschicht (8) aus Siliziumdioxid ist. 7. The component according to claim 6, characterized in that the stop layer (8) is made of silicon dioxide. 8. Bauelement nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stoppschicht (8) aus Siliziumnitrid ist. 8. The component according to claim 6, characterized in that the stop layer (8) is made of silicon nitride. 9. Bauelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschicht - der Spiegel (9 bzw. 12) - an der dem Hohlraum (6) zugewandten Fläche mit einer Schutzschicht (13 bzw. 14) zur Verhinderung von Korrosion abgedeckt ist. 9. Component according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the metal layer - the mirror (9 or 12) - on the cavity (6) facing surface covered with a protective layer (13 or 14) to prevent corrosion is. 10. Bauelement nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschicht (13 bzw. 14) aus Siliziumdioxid ist. 10. The component according to claim 9, characterized in that the protective layer (13 or 14) is made of silicon dioxide. 11. 11. Bauelement nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schutzschicht (13 bzw. 14) aus Siliziumnitrid ist.  Component according to Claim 9, characterized in that the protective layer (13 or 14) is made of silicon nitride.  
CH273391A 1991-09-16 1991-09-16 Fabry=perot sensor for optical parameter measurement - uses two opposing mirrors respectively attached to deflected measuring membrane and transparent plate CH680534A5 (en)

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US7566664B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2009-07-28 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Selective etching of MEMS using gaseous halides and reactive co-etchants
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US8222066B2 (en) 2007-04-04 2012-07-17 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Eliminate release etch attack by interface modification in sacrificial layers
US7719752B2 (en) 2007-05-11 2010-05-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS structures, methods of fabricating MEMS components on separate substrates and assembly of same
US8830557B2 (en) 2007-05-11 2014-09-09 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Methods of fabricating MEMS with spacers between plates and devices formed by same
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US7738158B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2010-06-15 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Electromechanical device treatment with water vapor
US8068268B2 (en) 2007-07-03 2011-11-29 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. MEMS devices having improved uniformity and methods for making them
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US7863079B2 (en) 2008-02-05 2011-01-04 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Methods of reducing CD loss in a microelectromechanical device
US7851239B2 (en) 2008-06-05 2010-12-14 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Low temperature amorphous silicon sacrificial layer for controlled adhesion in MEMS devices
US8659816B2 (en) 2011-04-25 2014-02-25 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Mechanical layer and methods of making the same
CN108291849A (en) * 2015-11-29 2018-07-17 可调谐红外科技公司 Optical pressure sensor
CN108291849B (en) * 2015-11-29 2020-05-22 可调谐红外科技公司 Optical pressure sensor
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