CH688164A5 - Latent energy room heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The building structure, for room heating, uses latent energy stored from solar rays by units at walls and/or room surfaces exposed to the sun. Each latent energy store unit is a least one hollow body containing latent energy storage material with a phase change at a set temperature. At least one transparent surface to close the body is at the side exposed to the sun. The latent energy store unit can be a transparent glass brick, incorporated into the building structure, containing a calcium chloride hexahydrate as a salt hydrate, with a melting point of about 27 deg C.

Description

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CH 688 164 A5

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description

The present invention relates to a room structure with latent heat storage for space heating and a component for the formation of latent heat storage for space constructions.

Today, efforts are increasingly being made to use solar energy in space heating by means of relatively simple heat storage. The present invention relates to a room construction in which a latent heat storage is used for space heating. This is only possible for rooms that are exposed to at least parts of the building envelope to direct sunlight.

The object of the present invention is to use latent heat storage in a room construction for space heating in the simplest possible way. Latent heat storage uses a storage material that changes phase at a predetermined temperature (solid phase / liquid phase).

The object is achieved according to the invention in a room construction in that the latent heat store is formed from components for the construction of wall and / or floor sections of the room which are exposed to solar radiation, each component consisting of at least one hollow body, the interior of which contains a latent storage material contains phase change occurring at a predetermined temperature and has a transparent end surface at least on its side facing the incident radiation.

With this construction, the short-wave solar radiation will penetrate directly into the storage material and thus be absorbed where the heat is to be stored. Since the heat is released relatively slowly, effective room heating can take place.

There is the possibility of allowing the solar radiation to pass through a window surface onto the components which are arranged on the floor and / or the walls and which can be directly illuminated and form the latent heat store.

In another embodiment, the components forming the latent heat store are designed as transparent hollow building blocks and integrated into the facade exposed to solar radiation (regardless of window surfaces), so that the facade part formed in this way provides at least diffuse lighting.

Such a room construction is preferably characterized in that the components forming the latent heat store are provided with transparent thermal insulation on their side facing the incident radiation in order to avoid heat losses to the outside, the latent heat store together with the thermal insulation being transparent or opaque Facade element forms.

In all embodiments, the floor and walls of the room are preferably clad with a secondary storage.

A salt hydrate, preferably calcium chloride hexahydrate (phase change or melting temperature at about 27 ° C.) is suitable as the latent storage material.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 purely schematically a room construction with latent heat storage (primary storage) designed as a floor;

Fig. 2 also purely schematically, a room construction in which the latent heat storage (primary storage) is installed as a facade element, and

Fig. 3 is a single component, which on the side facing the interior consists of a glass hollow block forming the latent heat store, while on the outside connected to the glass hollow block, a transparent thermal insulation is attached.

Fig. 1 of the drawing shows a room construction according to the invention, in which glazing 1 (window) is provided on the wall (facade) exposed to solar radiation. Walls 2, 3 and floor 4 (which form thermal insulation) of the room are clad with a secondary store 5 (any wall cladding), wherein at least the floor 4, 5 is also covered with a primary store 6. This latent heat store consists of a multiplicity of hollow bodies 6 'laid next to one another with a transparent end surface provided at least on the side facing the incident radiation. The hollow bodies 6 'are covered with a salt hydrate, e.g. Calcium chloride-hexahydrate filled (melting point at approx. 27 ° C), which forms the latent heat storage and slowly releases the captured heat back into the room.

Fig. 2 shows a particularly interesting variant of a room construction. Here, too, walls 2, 3 and floor 4 are formed from a conventional thermal insulation and cladding 5 forming a secondary storage.

In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the facade 7 exposed to solar radiation is constructed directly as a primary store.

This facade (or at least parts thereof) consists of the actual primary storage (latent heat storage), constructed from hollow bodies 8 which are transparent on all sides, with a likewise transparent thermal insulation 9 being provided in front of these. This thermal insulation can e.g. consist of a large number of closely spaced plastic tubes. Via this, the solar energy is fed directly to the primary store 8 (basically of the same structure as the primary store 6 in FIG. 1, ie the hollow bodies forming the primary store 8 are filled with a salt hydrate, the melting point of which is about 27 ° C.), which stores the stored one Slowly releases energy back into the environment (interior). The transparent external thermal insulation 9 prevents the stored heat energy from being released to the outside. On

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CH 688 164 A5

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A shading device 10 is preferably provided on the outside.

3 shows, purely schematically, an individual component 11 for forming a latent heat store for room constructions. It consists of a hollow building block 12 made of transparent material, preferably of glass (strength!), The hollow space containing a salt hydrate 13 which changes phase at a predetermined temperature, e.g. Calcium chloride hexahydrate with a melting point of around 27 ° C.

With the hollow block 12 directly connected (welded or glued) on one side surface, a transparent thermal insulation 14 is provided, consisting of a tight package of tubes made of plastic material.

This component 11 is suitable for the construction of large-area elements which can be installed directly in a facade opening of a building.

In the installed state, a glass surface 15 (pane) is usually arranged on the outside. Furthermore, a shading device 16 is expediently provided in order to adapt the incidence of solar radiation to the respective conditions.

The component 11, consisting of the glass block 12 and the thermal insulation 14, is very stable, the strength of the glass block 12 allowing the construction of a self-supporting “wall element”.

Claims (9)

Claims 1. Room construction with latent heat storage for space heating, characterized in that the latent heat storage is formed from components for the construction of the wall and / or floor sections of the room exposed to solar radiation, each component consisting of at least one hollow body, the interior of which contains a latent storage material with a phase change occurring at a predetermined temperature and has a transparent end surface at least on its side facing the incident radiation. 2. Room construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the room has a window surface which allows the solar radiation to pass through and the components forming the latent heat storage are installed as a floor and / or wall element. 3. Space construction according to claim 2, characterized in that the walls and floor are covered with a secondary storage and the components forming the latent heat storage are attached above the secondary storage. 4. Room construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the components forming the latent heat storage are formed as transparent hollow building blocks are integrated into the facade and form part of the building envelope. 5. Space construction according to claim 4, characterized in that the components forming the latent heat storage is on its side facing the incident radiation transparent thermal insulation in order to avoid heat loss to the outside, the latent heat storage together with the thermal insulation a transparent or forms opaque facade element. 6. Room construction according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the floor and walls of the room are covered with a secondary storage. 7. Room construction according to one of claims 4-6, characterized in that a shading device is provided on the outside of the part of the facade forming heat-storing facade element. 8. Component for forming a room structure with latent heat storage for space heating according to claim 1, consisting of a hollow block made of transparent material, filled with a phase-changing salt hydrate at a predetermined temperature, and a transparent thermal insulation forming convector, characterized in that the convector is formed as a coherent element and is firmly connected to the outer surface of the hollow component to form the component. 9. The component according to claim 8, characterized in that the hollow building block contains a calcium chloride hexahydrate as the salt hydrate. 5 10th 15 20th 25th 30th 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 3rd