CH379887A - Process for producing a metallic bond between zirconium and iron bodies - Google Patents
Process for producing a metallic bond between zirconium and iron bodiesInfo
- Publication number
- CH379887A CH379887A CH7508559A CH7508559A CH379887A CH 379887 A CH379887 A CH 379887A CH 7508559 A CH7508559 A CH 7508559A CH 7508559 A CH7508559 A CH 7508559A CH 379887 A CH379887 A CH 379887A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- zirconium
- iron
- heating
- bond
- producing
- Prior art date
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 33
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 19
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K5/00—Gas flame welding
- B23K5/12—Gas flame welding taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
- B23K5/16—Gas flame welding taking account of the properties of the material to be welded of different metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
- B23K35/005—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a refractory metal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung einer metallischen Bindung zwischen Zirkonium- und Eisenkörpern Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer metallischen Bindung zwischen Körpern, von denen einer mindestens zum Teil aus Zirkonium und ein anderer mindestens zum Teil aus Eisen besteht durch Erhitzen der zu verbindenen Körperflächen.
Zirkonium gibt mit Eisen (ebenso auch z. B. mit Nickel und Chrom) Schmelzen, die bei bestimmten Gewichtsverhältnissen unter Bildung intermetallischer Verbindungen erstarren. Weiter geben diese inter metallischen Verbindungen sowohl mit dem Zirko nium als auch mit den Eisen Schmelzen, die bei be stimmten Gewichtsverhältnissen eutektisch erstarren. In einer durch Erhitzung hergestellten Bindungs schicht zwischen Zirkonium und Eisen sind aber nach dem Erstarren alle Legierungsverhältnisse vor handen, und zwar beginnend auf der Zirkoniumseite mit reinem Zirkonium und endigend auf der Eisen seite mit reinem Eisen.
Eine solche Bindungsschicht enthält also auch diejenigen der zwischen Zr und Fe möglichen inter metallischen Phasen, die spröde und korrosionsemp findlich sind und die daher die Haltbarkeit der Bindung beeinträchtigen können.
Die Erfindung setzt sich zum Ziel, die Haltbar keit der Bindung zu verbessern.
Die Erfindung besteht darin, dass man bei der Herstellung der Bindung die zu verbindenden Kör perflächen derart erhitzt, dass die an der Bindungs stelle entstehende, Zirkonium und Eisen enthaltende Bindungsschicht nicht dicker als 0,5 mm ausfällt.
Hierdurch wird erzielt, dass die intermetallische Phasen enthaltenden und daher spröden Schichten so dünn ausfallen, dass sie trotz ihrer Sprödigkeit hin reichend nachzugeben vermögen, und dass sie ferner durch andere Schichten bedeckt, nur eine sehr kleine Angriffsfläche für Korrosion darbieten können.
Damit die Bindungsschicht möglichst dünn aus fällt, kann man die Flächen, zwischen denen die Bindung hergestellt werden soll, so zurichten, dass sie aufeinander passen und sie dann zweckmässig mit einem geringen Flächendruck von z. B. 1 kg/cm2 aufeinanderpressen. Hierdurch wird erzielt, dass bei ihrer Erhitzung der Schmelzvorgang an möglichst allen Stellen der Bindungsflächen zugleich einsetzt, und dass insbesondere nicht erst fehlerhafte Erha- benheiten abgeschmolzen oder fehlerhafte Höhlun gen zugeschmolzen werden müssen.
Die Erhitzung wird verzugsweise höchstens um 200 C über den Schmelzpunkt der sich bildenden eutektischen Legierung hinaus getrieben und dort normalerweise nur kurze Zeit, höchstens drei Mi nuten lang, gehalten. Hierdurch wird erzielt, dass der Schmelzvorgang, welcher ja am tiefsten gelege nen Schmelzpunkt, also am eutektischen Schmelz punkt, auf den sich berührenden Bindungsflächen in dünnster Schicht beginnt, nicht weiter in das Zirko- nium oder in das Eisen eingreifen und so die Dicke der Bindungsschicht nicht schädlich vergrössern kann.
Die zur Bindung notwendige Energiezufuhr, die die Temperatur der Schmelzzone und damit die Dicke derselben bestimmt, lässt sich besonders gut beschränken, wenn man mindestens einen Teil der Energie in Form von Ultraschallenergie zuführt.
Man kann zwischen die Flächen, zwischen denen die Bindung hergestellt werden soll, eine Metallfolie legen, welche mindestens eines der Metalle Ni, Fe, Cu, Nb, Cr, Au, Pt, Mo enthält, welche Metalle sich sowohl mit dem Zirkonium als auch mit dem Eisen der metallisch zu bindenden Körper zu legieren ver mögen. Hierdurch wird erzielt, dass die Dicke der bei der Erhitzung sich bildenden Bindungsschicht in ihrer Grössenordnung schon auf etwa die Dicke der Metallfolie beschränkt bleibt.
Eine weitere vorteil- hafte Ausführungsform besteht darin, auf wenigstens einer der zu verbindenden Körperflächen vorgängig dem Erhitzen eine Metallschicht aufzudampfen, die mindestens eines der Metalle Ni, Fe, Cu, Nb, Cr, Au, Pt, Mo, enthält.
Es versteht sich von selbst, dass der Fachmann beim Herstellen einer metallischen Bindung der oben besprochenen Gattung Mittel, die zur Erleich terung der Herstellung einer solchen Bindung be kannt sind, anwenden wird. Insbesondere wird er Vorsorge treffen, eine Passivierung der zu verbin denden Oberflächen zu vermeiden. Er wird daher z. B. die Erhitzung unter Vakuum oder Schutzgas mit Elektro-Induktionsheizung vornehmen.
Method for producing a metallic bond between zirconium and iron bodies The invention relates to a method for producing a metallic bond between bodies, one of which consists at least partly of zirconium and another of which consists at least partly of iron by heating the body surfaces to be joined.
Zirconium forms melts with iron (also, for example, with nickel and chromium), which solidify under certain weight ratios with the formation of intermetallic compounds. Furthermore, these intermetallic compounds give both the zirconium and the iron melts, which solidify eutectically at certain weight ratios. In a binding layer between zirconium and iron produced by heating, however, all alloy ratios are present after solidification, starting on the zirconium side with pure zirconium and ending on the iron side with pure iron.
Such a bonding layer therefore also contains those intermetallic phases that are possible between Zr and Fe, which are brittle and sensitive to corrosion and which can therefore impair the durability of the bond.
The invention aims to improve the durability of the binding.
The invention consists in heating the body surfaces to be connected during the production of the bond in such a way that the bond layer containing zirconium and iron which is created at the bond point is no thicker than 0.5 mm.
This ensures that the layers containing intermetallic phases and therefore brittle are so thin that they are able to yield sufficiently despite their brittleness and that, furthermore, covered by other layers, they can only present a very small area of attack for corrosion.
In order for the binding layer to be as thin as possible, the surfaces between which the binding is to be made can be prepared so that they fit together and then expediently with a low surface pressure of e.g. B. 1 kg / cm2 pressed together. This ensures that when they are heated, the melting process begins at as many points as possible on the bonding surfaces at the same time, and in particular that defective protrusions need not be melted off or defective cavities melted shut.
The heating is delayed at most by 200 C above the melting point of the eutectic alloy being formed and is usually only held there for a short time, at most three minutes. This ensures that the melting process, which begins at the lowest melting point, i.e. at the eutectic melting point, on the contacting bonding surfaces in the thinnest layer, does not interfere with the zirconium or the iron and so does the thickness of the bonding layer cannot increase in a harmful way.
The energy supply necessary for binding, which determines the temperature of the melting zone and thus the thickness of the same, can be particularly well limited if at least part of the energy is supplied in the form of ultrasonic energy.
You can place a metal foil between the surfaces between which the bond is to be established, which contains at least one of the metals Ni, Fe, Cu, Nb, Cr, Au, Pt, Mo, which metals are both with the zirconium and with able to alloy the iron of the metal to be bound bodies. What is achieved hereby is that the thickness of the binding layer that forms during heating is limited in its order of magnitude to approximately the thickness of the metal foil.
A further advantageous embodiment consists in evaporating a metal layer on at least one of the body surfaces to be connected, prior to heating, which contains at least one of the metals Ni, Fe, Cu, Nb, Cr, Au, Pt, Mo.
It goes without saying that the person skilled in the art, when producing a metallic bond of the type discussed above, will use means which are known to facilitate the production of such a bond. In particular, he will take precautions to avoid passivation of the surfaces to be connected. He is therefore z. B. perform the heating under vacuum or protective gas with electric induction heating.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH7508559A CH379887A (en) | 1959-06-30 | 1959-06-30 | Process for producing a metallic bond between zirconium and iron bodies |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH7508559A CH379887A (en) | 1959-06-30 | 1959-06-30 | Process for producing a metallic bond between zirconium and iron bodies |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH379887A true CH379887A (en) | 1964-07-15 |
Family
ID=4533862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH7508559A CH379887A (en) | 1959-06-30 | 1959-06-30 | Process for producing a metallic bond between zirconium and iron bodies |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH379887A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1003419C2 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1999-02-25 | Showa Entetsu Co Ltd | Upholstery material. |
-
1959
- 1959-06-30 CH CH7508559A patent/CH379887A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1003419C2 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1999-02-25 | Showa Entetsu Co Ltd | Upholstery material. |
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