CH236016A - Process for the production of acids or their anhydrides. - Google Patents
Process for the production of acids or their anhydrides.Info
- Publication number
- CH236016A CH236016A CH236016DA CH236016A CH 236016 A CH236016 A CH 236016A CH 236016D A CH236016D A CH 236016DA CH 236016 A CH236016 A CH 236016A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- anhydrides
- acids
- catalyst
- oxidation
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 benzene hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Inorganic materials [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical class [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/31—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation of cyclic compounds with ring-splitting
- C07C51/313—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation of cyclic compounds with ring-splitting with molecular oxygen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Säuren oder deren Anhydriden. Es ist bekannt, Benzol oder Toluol durch katalytische Oxydation in der Dampfphase in Maleinsäure bezw. Fumarsäure oder deren Anhydride überzuführen. Als Oxydations- katalysatoren hat man hierbei vorzugsweise Verbindungen der Metalle der 5. oder 6.
Gruppe des periodischen Systems, ins besondere ihre Oxyde, vor allem Oxyde des Vanadiums oder Molybdäns oder deren Ge mische, angewandt. Es gelingt auf diese Weise zwar, Maleinsäure in befriedigender Reinheit herzustellen, jedoch wird stets ein erheblicher Teil des Ausgangsstoffes nicht umgesetzt oder zu Kohlendioxyd und Wasser oxydiert.
Es hat nicht an Versuchen gefehlt, durch verschiedenartige Zusätze zu den Oxy- dationskataly8atoren oder durch besondere Ausgestaltung der Oxydationsvorrichtung diesem Nachteil abzuhelfen, jedoch ist es bis her nicht gelungen, die Ausbeuteverluste zu verhindern.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass bei der ka- talytischen Oxydation von Benzolkohlen- Wasserstoffen bei erhöhter Temperatur in der Gasphase in Gegenwart von Oxydations katalysatoren aus Verbindungen von Metal len der 5. oder 6. Gruppe des periodischen Systems die Ausbeute an Säuren der Formel
EMI0001.0024
oder deren Anhydriden wesentlich gesteigert werden kann, wenn man einen Oxydations katalysator verwendet, der Titandioxyd ent hält.
Derartige Katalysatoren lassen sich bei spielsweise durch Mischen von gepulvertem Titanoxyd mit Vanadium- oder Molybdän- oxyd oder Vanadaten oder Molybdaten oder auch durch Fällen derartiger Oxyde ixi Gegenwart von Titandioxyd herstellen. Ge gebenenfalls kann man die Oxyde des Va nadiums in niedrigen Wertigkeitsstufen an wenden. Durch den Zusatz von Stoffen, die sich unter den Umsetzungsbedingungen ver flüchtigen, kann den Katalysatoren eine möglichst grosse Oberfläche erteilt werden.
Die derart hergestellten, geformten und ge trockneten Oxyde werden vor der Umsetzung vorteilhaft bei erhöhter Temperatur mit einem Strom von Sauerstoff, einem Sauer stoff enthaltenden Gas, z. B. Luft, oder von Schwefeldioxyd behandelt.
Die Oxydation wird zweckmässig bei Temperaturen zwischen 250 und 500 , insbe sondere zwischen 330 und 380 , durchgeführt.. Die jeweils günstigste Temperatur innerhalb dieses Bereiches richtet sich nach der Wirk samkeit des angewandten Katalysators und der Verweilzeit des zu oxydierenden Kohlen wasserstoffes. am Katalysator.
Als Oxydationsmittel verwendet. man im allgemeinen Luft. Man kann auch Sauerstoff oder Sauerstoff in Verdünnung mit andern inerten Gasen oder Dämpfen anwenden. Um einen möglichst vollständigen Umsatz zu er zielen, ist es zweckmässig, den Sauerstoff oder das Sauerstoffenthaltende Gas im Über schuss anzuwenden. Man kann aber auch mit. überschüssigem Kohlenwasserstoff arbeiten, die gebildete Maleinsäure abscheiden und nach Zusatz von frischem Sauerstoff erneut über den Katalysator leiten.
Die in den. nachstehenden Beispielen an gegebenen Teile sind Gewichtsteile.
Beispiel <I>1:</I> Man verrührt ein Gemisch aus 49,3 Tei len Molybdän(6)oxyd. 17,5 Teilen Vana- diumpentoxyd und 33,2_ Teilen Titandioxy cl unter Zusatz von 17,5 Teilen Ammonium chlo,rid und 22 Teilen Oxalsäure mit -\Vasser zu einem dicken Brei und formt. diesen zu Pillen von 4 mm Durchmesser und 4 mm Höhe. 275 em3dieses Katalysators werden in ein elektrisch beheizte. mit. Salpeter als Wärmeübertrager umgebenes Rohr gefüllt. Die Schichtlänge beträgt 62 cm.
Der Kata lysator wird stündlich mit 180 Litern Luft, die mit 4 g Benzoldampf beladen ist, behan- delt. Die Reaktionstemperatur beträgt 350 . Die Maleinsäure wird aus den Oxydations gasen mit -Wasser ausgewaschen und in übli cher Weise aufgearbeitet. Man erhält aus <B><I>100</I></B> g Benzol 90-95g Maleinsäure in vor ziiblicher Reinheit.
Beispiel Eine Mischung von 7,66 Teilen Ammo- niummolybdat, 2,08 Teilen Vanadiumpent- oxyd, 2,59 Teilen Oxalsäure, 2,08 Teilen Ammoniumehlorid und 91.7 Teilen. Titandi- oxyd wird mit wenig Wasser zu einem dik- ken Brei angepastet und zu zylindrischen Körpern von 5 mm Höhe und 5 mm Durch- messer verformt.
548g = 465 ein" dieses Ka- talysators werden in ein Rohr von 1,5 m Länge der im Beispiel 1 angegebenen Art eingefüllt. Der Katalysator wird 8 Stunden mit einem Schwefeldio_wdstrom von 30 Litern in der Stunde gemuffelt. Bei 350 leitet mann stündlich 600 Liter Luft, die mit 1<B>2</B>,6 g Benzoldampf beladen sind, über den Kataly sator. Bei der Aufarbeitung in der im Bei spiel 1 beschriebenen Weise erhält man auf 100 Teile Benzol 85 Teile llaleinsäure (als Hydrat bestimmt).
Process for the production of acids or their anhydrides. It is known that benzene or toluene bezw by catalytic oxidation in the vapor phase in maleic acid. To transfer fumaric acid or its anhydrides. The oxidation catalysts used here are preferably compounds of the metals of the 5th or 6th group.
Group of the periodic table, in particular its oxides, especially oxides of vanadium or molybdenum or their mixtures, applied. Although it is possible in this way to produce maleic acid in satisfactory purity, a considerable part of the starting material is always not converted or is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water.
There has been no lack of attempts to remedy this disadvantage by adding various types of additives to the oxidation catalysts or by designing the oxidation device in a special way, but it has not yet been possible to prevent the loss of yield.
It has now been found that in the catalytic oxidation of benzene hydrocarbons at elevated temperature in the gas phase in the presence of oxidation catalysts from compounds of metals of the 5th or 6th group of the periodic table, the yield of acids of the formula
EMI0001.0024
or the anhydrides of which can be increased significantly if an oxidation catalyst is used that contains titanium dioxide.
Such catalysts can be produced, for example, by mixing powdered titanium oxide with vanadium or molybdenum oxide or vanadates or molybdates or by precipitating such oxides in the presence of titanium dioxide. If necessary, the oxides of Va nadium can be used in low valence levels. By adding substances that volatilize under the reaction conditions, the catalysts can be given the largest possible surface area.
The thus prepared, shaped and ge dried oxides are advantageously prior to the reaction at elevated temperature with a stream of oxygen, a gas containing oxygen, eg. B. air, or treated by sulfur dioxide.
The oxidation is conveniently carried out at temperatures between 250 and 500, in particular special between 330 and 380. The most favorable temperature within this range depends on the effectiveness of the catalyst used and the residence time of the hydrocarbon to be oxidized. on the catalyst.
Used as an oxidizing agent. one generally air. Oxygen or oxygen can also be used in dilution with other inert gases or vapors. In order to achieve as complete a conversion as possible, it is expedient to use the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas in excess. But you can also with. Excess hydrocarbons work, separate the maleic acid formed and, after adding fresh oxygen, pass it over the catalyst again.
The ones in the. Examples of given parts below are parts by weight.
Example <I> 1 </I> A mixture of 49.3 parts of molybdenum (6) oxide is stirred. 17.5 parts of vanadium pentoxide and 33.2 parts of titanium dioxide with the addition of 17.5 parts of ammonium chloride and 22 parts of oxalic acid with water to form a thick paste and form. these into pills 4 mm in diameter and 4 mm in height. 275 cubic meters of this catalyst are in an electrically heated. With. Filled tube surrounded by saltpeter as a heat exchanger. The layer length is 62 cm.
The catalyst is treated every hour with 180 liters of air that is loaded with 4 g of benzene vapor. The reaction temperature is 350. The maleic acid is washed out of the oxidation gases with water and worked up in the usual way. From <B><I>100</I> </B> g of benzene, 90-95 g of maleic acid is obtained in excellent purity.
Example A mixture of 7.66 parts of ammonium molybdate, 2.08 parts of vanadium pentoxide, 2.59 parts of oxalic acid, 2.08 parts of ammonium chloride and 91.7 parts. Titanium dioxide is made into a thick paste with a little water and shaped into cylindrical bodies 5 mm in height and 5 mm in diameter.
548 g = 465 in "of this catalyst are filled into a tube of 1.5 m length of the type specified in Example 1. The catalyst is muffled for 8 hours with a sulfur stream of 30 liters per hour. At 350, 600 liters per hour are passed Air loaded with 1 <B> 2 </B>, 6 g of benzene vapor, via the catalyst. When working up in the manner described in Example 1, 85 parts of maleic acid are obtained per 100 parts of benzene (determined as hydrate) .
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE236016X | 1942-05-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH236016A true CH236016A (en) | 1945-01-15 |
Family
ID=5899725
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH236016D CH236016A (en) | 1942-05-16 | 1943-05-11 | Process for the production of acids or their anhydrides. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH236016A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1115241B (en) * | 1959-06-27 | 1961-10-19 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of maleic acid or maleic anhydride by the oxidation of benzene or alkylbenzenes |
| DE1173891B (en) * | 1954-02-19 | 1964-07-16 | Halcon International Inc | Process for the production of maleic anhydride by the oxidation of benzene |
| DE1292649B (en) * | 1965-03-05 | 1969-04-17 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of maleic anhydride and / or maleic acid |
-
1943
- 1943-05-11 CH CH236016D patent/CH236016A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1173891B (en) * | 1954-02-19 | 1964-07-16 | Halcon International Inc | Process for the production of maleic anhydride by the oxidation of benzene |
| DE1115241B (en) * | 1959-06-27 | 1961-10-19 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of maleic acid or maleic anhydride by the oxidation of benzene or alkylbenzenes |
| DE1292649B (en) * | 1965-03-05 | 1969-04-17 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of maleic anhydride and / or maleic acid |
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