CA3038711C - Vibration analysis unit for a vibrating machine, method for displaying vibrations and computer program - Google Patents
Vibration analysis unit for a vibrating machine, method for displaying vibrations and computer program Download PDFInfo
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- CA3038711C CA3038711C CA3038711A CA3038711A CA3038711C CA 3038711 C CA3038711 C CA 3038711C CA 3038711 A CA3038711 A CA 3038711A CA 3038711 A CA3038711 A CA 3038711A CA 3038711 C CA3038711 C CA 3038711C
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
- G01H1/12—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of longitudinal or not specified vibrations
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Abstract
A vibration analysis unit is provided. The vibration analysis unit comprises a an arithmetic unit, a sensor coupled to the arithmetic unit and configured to detect vibration of the vibrating machine and generate sensor data in dependence on the detected vibration, a wireless transmitting and receiving unit coupled to the arithmetic unit, and a display device coupled to the arithmetic unit. An attachment fixture for receiving the sensor and for detachably fastening to a housing of a vibrating machine is provided. The arithmetic unit is configured to characterize the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine based on the sensor data, determine whether the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine corresponds to or deviates from a setpoint behavior, and output a result of the determination to the display device.
Description
VIBRATION ANALYSIS UNIT FOR A VIBRATING MACHINE, METHOD FOR DISPLAYING VIBRATIONS AND COMPUTER PROGRAM
The invention relates to a vibration analysis device, comprising an attachment fixture, for ana-lyzing the behavior of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. The invention furthermore relates to a method for displaying vibration-induced output information for analyzing the behavior of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. The invention also relates to a computer program for carrying out certain steps that run on a computer system.
A so-called stroke card is already known from the prior art, which is used to evaluate the vibra-tion behavior of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. The stroke card is designed as a (paper) card, which may be fastened to a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, where it is usually fastened to a side plate.
A pen is disposed in such a way that its tip rests on the stroke card and places a marking at its contact point with the stroke card. Conclusions as to the vibration behavior may be drawn based on the markings which are recorded during the operation of the vibrating machine.
Different measuring systems also exist, which are designed in such a way that they measure and analyze a machine behavior with the aid of mounted sensors.
In addition, a Vibroscope software application exists for mobile devices having an iOS operat-ing system, which is designed to measure and analyze the level of vibrations.
Low-frequency vibrations are measured and visually output in real time via an acceleration sensor. The accel-eration values may be displayed as numeric values, in waveform as a function of time and as two-axis vectors. The vibrations may be evaluated by means of rapid Fourier transformation.
The application is designed to measure vibrations and accelerations of an automobile and its components or a train, or to check the equilibrium of a vibrating body. The implementation of this older idea, in particular, has not proven to be successful even in the area for which it is provided, namely in the area of a motor vehicle.
Moreover, the prior art always has the disadvantage that meticulous attention must be paid to the orientation when attaching a stroke card or a measuring system so that the results may be
The invention relates to a vibration analysis device, comprising an attachment fixture, for ana-lyzing the behavior of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. The invention furthermore relates to a method for displaying vibration-induced output information for analyzing the behavior of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. The invention also relates to a computer program for carrying out certain steps that run on a computer system.
A so-called stroke card is already known from the prior art, which is used to evaluate the vibra-tion behavior of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. The stroke card is designed as a (paper) card, which may be fastened to a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, where it is usually fastened to a side plate.
A pen is disposed in such a way that its tip rests on the stroke card and places a marking at its contact point with the stroke card. Conclusions as to the vibration behavior may be drawn based on the markings which are recorded during the operation of the vibrating machine.
Different measuring systems also exist, which are designed in such a way that they measure and analyze a machine behavior with the aid of mounted sensors.
In addition, a Vibroscope software application exists for mobile devices having an iOS operat-ing system, which is designed to measure and analyze the level of vibrations.
Low-frequency vibrations are measured and visually output in real time via an acceleration sensor. The accel-eration values may be displayed as numeric values, in waveform as a function of time and as two-axis vectors. The vibrations may be evaluated by means of rapid Fourier transformation.
The application is designed to measure vibrations and accelerations of an automobile and its components or a train, or to check the equilibrium of a vibrating body. The implementation of this older idea, in particular, has not proven to be successful even in the area for which it is provided, namely in the area of a motor vehicle.
Moreover, the prior art always has the disadvantage that meticulous attention must be paid to the orientation when attaching a stroke card or a measuring system so that the results may be
2 correctly evaluated. Up to now, moreover, not all parameters characterizing the vibration are able to be completely ascertained and displayed.
The object of the invention is therefore to eliminate or at least to mitigate the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, all information relating to the vibrations of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, is to be ascertained cost-effectively and using simple means. The information should also be able to be stored so that it may be further processed and archived. The object of the invention is also to be able to evaluate the vibration data preferably independently of the attachment orientation.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in a generic fixture by a vibration analysis unit having an attachment fixture, which is coupled with a sensor designed to detect motion and/or to detect acceleration, the sensor being provided to transmit signals based on meas-ured data to an arithmetic unit, the attachment fixture having at least one means to be detach-ably fastened to a housing of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrat-ing screen, an optical device being provided, which is prepared to output the data further pro-cessed by the arithmetic unit.
The sensor may wirelessly transmit the data based on measured data to an arithmetic unit.
This has the advantage that, except for the sensor, no other equipment must be fastened to the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen.
Alternatively, the vibration analysis unit may be equipped with an attachment fixture, which is coupled with an arithmetic unit, the arithmetic unit having at least one sensor designed to de-tect motion and/or detect acceleration, the attachment fixture having at least one means to be detachably fastened to a housing of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, an optical device being present, which is prepared to output the data de-tected by the sensor and further processed in the arithmetic unit. Motion profiles of the vibrat-ing machine are output on the optical display devices, based on path-time diagrams, so that the trained observer is able to assess the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine with re-gard to possible errors.
This has the advantage that meaningful information about the vibration behavior of the vibrat-ing machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, may now by provided,
The object of the invention is therefore to eliminate or at least to mitigate the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, all information relating to the vibrations of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, is to be ascertained cost-effectively and using simple means. The information should also be able to be stored so that it may be further processed and archived. The object of the invention is also to be able to evaluate the vibration data preferably independently of the attachment orientation.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in a generic fixture by a vibration analysis unit having an attachment fixture, which is coupled with a sensor designed to detect motion and/or to detect acceleration, the sensor being provided to transmit signals based on meas-ured data to an arithmetic unit, the attachment fixture having at least one means to be detach-ably fastened to a housing of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrat-ing screen, an optical device being provided, which is prepared to output the data further pro-cessed by the arithmetic unit.
The sensor may wirelessly transmit the data based on measured data to an arithmetic unit.
This has the advantage that, except for the sensor, no other equipment must be fastened to the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen.
Alternatively, the vibration analysis unit may be equipped with an attachment fixture, which is coupled with an arithmetic unit, the arithmetic unit having at least one sensor designed to de-tect motion and/or detect acceleration, the attachment fixture having at least one means to be detachably fastened to a housing of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, an optical device being present, which is prepared to output the data de-tected by the sensor and further processed in the arithmetic unit. Motion profiles of the vibrat-ing machine are output on the optical display devices, based on path-time diagrams, so that the trained observer is able to assess the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine with re-gard to possible errors.
This has the advantage that meaningful information about the vibration behavior of the vibrat-ing machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, may now by provided,
3 which may be used for further technical examination. Due to the fact that the arithmetic unit and the sensor are coupled with the attachment fixture and are fastened directly to the vibrat-ing machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, no painstaking orientation of the vibration analysis is necessary. In the approach according to the invention, the sensor may automatically calculate the horizontal reference plane and display the vibrations in rela-tion to the reference plane as well as in relation to the plane in which the sensor is attached.
Advantageous specific embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in greater detail below.
It is thus advantageous if the attachment fixture is designed as a sleeve, housing or (angle) plate. The attachment fixture may be easily and particularly cost-effectively manufactured thereby. It is also possible to add a fixture to existing sleeves in such a way that they may be fastened to the housing of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen.
It is also advantageous if the arithmetic unit is preferably detachably fastened in the sleeve or in the housing or on the (angle) plate. The arithmetic unit and the attachment fixture may thus be manufactured and used separately. One attachment fixture may therefore also be used for multiple arithmetic units, and an existing arithmetic unit may be fastened to the vibrating ma-chine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, by coupling with the attachment fixture without a great deal of additional structural complexity.
A favorable exemplary embodiment is furthermore characterized in that the arithmetic unit is designed as a smartphone or tablet. Many potential users are familiar with the use of smartphones and/or tablets, so that the operability of the vibration analysis unit is high, and no great amount of training effort and/or no extensive descriptions is/are needed. In addition, only very low manufacturing costs and minimal additional procurement costs arise, since a smartphone and/or tablet is/are already available to many potential users and function as the vibration analysis device by installing a software application and by coupling with the attach-ment fixture. Since potential users often continuously carry a smartphone and/or tablet on their person, the vibration analysis unit is always within reach whenever needed.
Advantageous specific embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in greater detail below.
It is thus advantageous if the attachment fixture is designed as a sleeve, housing or (angle) plate. The attachment fixture may be easily and particularly cost-effectively manufactured thereby. It is also possible to add a fixture to existing sleeves in such a way that they may be fastened to the housing of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen.
It is also advantageous if the arithmetic unit is preferably detachably fastened in the sleeve or in the housing or on the (angle) plate. The arithmetic unit and the attachment fixture may thus be manufactured and used separately. One attachment fixture may therefore also be used for multiple arithmetic units, and an existing arithmetic unit may be fastened to the vibrating ma-chine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, by coupling with the attachment fixture without a great deal of additional structural complexity.
A favorable exemplary embodiment is furthermore characterized in that the arithmetic unit is designed as a smartphone or tablet. Many potential users are familiar with the use of smartphones and/or tablets, so that the operability of the vibration analysis unit is high, and no great amount of training effort and/or no extensive descriptions is/are needed. In addition, only very low manufacturing costs and minimal additional procurement costs arise, since a smartphone and/or tablet is/are already available to many potential users and function as the vibration analysis device by installing a software application and by coupling with the attach-ment fixture. Since potential users often continuously carry a smartphone and/or tablet on their person, the vibration analysis unit is always within reach whenever needed.
4 It is additionally advantageous if the means for fastening the attachment fixture to the housing of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, is designed as an fixture establishing a form fit and/or a force fit. A fixed seat of the arithmetic and the sen-sor on the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, may thus preferably be ensured, which does not limit or reduce the evaluation capacity of the vibration behavior.
One or multiple fixtures are furthermore preferably designed for the purpose of clamping and/or magnetic attachment and/or gluing. As a result, the vibration analysis unit may be fix-edly attached to the housing of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, without an additional fixture being present on the housing of the vibrating ma-chine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. The vibration analysis unit may also thus be easily and in particular detachably attached in multiple different locations.
In addition, it is advantageous if the sensor is designed to detect at least one parameter from the group: motion direction, position, velocity, acceleration and travel.
These parameters, in particular, are good options, since they meaningfully characterize the vibration behavior and since additional evaluation-relevant parameters may be calculated from these parameters.
It is also favorable if the arithmetic unit is designed to detect and process data, so that an an-gle of the main vibration direction, the distance traveled by the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, the velocity, the acceleration, a vibration frequency, a deviation from a setpoint vibration direction and/or an image of a vibration profile (over time) may be displayed by the display device. This has the advantage that, due to this meaningful raw and further processed data, it is possible to evaluate whether the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, corresponds to or deviates from a setpoint behavior. Since the information is present not only graphically but also as numeric values, an automatic evaluation of the vibration behavior may also be made.
It is furthermore advantageous if the processed data items are output separately from each other and/or as a resulting vector depending on the x, y and z axes of a Cartesian coordinate system. As a result, either the total amount and the overall direction of the vibration or a partic-ular direction component of the vibration may be read out.
A favorable exemplary embodiment is also characterized in that the arithmetic unit has an-other sensor designed to detect the ambient temperature. The vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, may be damaged in particular at excessively high or excessively low ambient temperatures. An elevated temperature of the vibrating machine itself is also an indicator of an irregularity in the setpoint vibration behavior. It is therefore ad-vantageous to regularly check the temperature at the vibrating machine.
A transceiver unit for communicating with one or multiple peripheral units is advantageously present in the arithmetic unit. This makes it possible to decouple the display device from the arithmetic unit and to have the vibration data also output to other devices.
The data may also be automatically transmitted to and stored on an external storage medium. The vibration anal-ysis unit may also be operated and monitored by remote control via the transceiver unit, so that a vibration checker does not necessarily have to be on site. The measurements may fur-thermore be synchronized, so that, for example, multiple vibration analysis units are fastened to different points on a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, the data is evaluated in a synchronized manner and a statement may this be made on the overall motion of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen.
The invention also relates to a method for displaying vibration-induced output information for analyzing the behavior of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, a sensor designed to detect motion and/or to detect acceleration being fastened to a housing of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, via an attachment fixture, the sensor detecting data which is further processed in an arithmetic unit connected to the sensor, and the further processed data being output in a display device.
It is this advantageous if the data for displaying the vibration-induced output information is out-put as a graphic or as a numerical value. The vibration behavior may be evaluated thereby op-tically, for example by an expert or comparison with a setpoint vibration graphic, as well as mathematically, for example by comparison with a tolerance range.
It is furthermore advantageous if the data relates to at least one parameter from the group:
travel, velocity, acceleration, vibration frequency, angle of the main vibration direction, devia-tion from the setpoint vibration direction and/or an image of the vibration profile. These param-eters advantageously completely and meaningfully classify a vibration, and additional parame-ters may be calculated therefrom.
A favorable exemplary embodiment is also characterized in that the data detected by the sen-sor and/or the data processed by the arithmetic unit is sent to an external peripheral unit. The data may be advantageously output on the external peripheral unit or be synchronized with data of other vibration analysis units. Statements on the overall motion of the vibrating ma-chine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, may be easily made thereby or compared with historic data which is stored, for example, in a database or on a storage me-dium. For example, Bluetooth, LAN or WLAN may be used to communicate with the peripheral unit.
It is also advantageous if a smartphone or tablet having the arithmetic unit and the sensor as well as the display device is coupled to the attachment fixture before or after the latter is fas-tened to the housing of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. Since an arithmetic unit, a display device and sensors are built as standard into many smartphones and/or tablets, the snnartphones and/or tablets may be advantageously used to detect and further process the vibration data only by equipping them with the additional soft-ware application and an attachment fixture.
It is furthermore advantageous if the attachment fixture is fastened to the housing. The snnartphone or the tablet, including the arithmetic unit and the sensor, is thus fixed directly on the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, so that no rela-tive movement is possible between the vibrating machine and sensor, and the sensor vibrates together with the vibrating machine. The detected data may be used to analyze the vibration behavior without any additional computational transformation.
The invention also relates to a computer program for carrying out certain steps when they are run on a computer system, the steps being designed as follows: detecting raw motion and/or acceleration data with the aid of a sensor; forwarding the raw data to an arithmetic unit; further processing the raw data into processed data in the arithmetic unit; forwarding the processed data to a display device; and outputting the processed data with the aid of a display device.
These steps should preferably be carried out in this order, although another sequence is also conceivable, for example, parallel execution of individual steps is possible, It is advantageous if the raw data is stored on a storage medium in a step after the forwarding of the raw data and/or after the further processing of the raw data. The data may be archived thereby and easily compared with data of the same vibrating machine obtained later on or with data of other vibrating machines. The historic development of a vibrating machine may also be better evaluated in this way.
It is furthermore advantageous if, in one step, the data processed is mathematically and/or graphically compared with earlier data, which preferably facilitates an evaluation over a longer period of time and reveals a deviation from the setpoint vibration behavior.
The processed data is also advantageously linked with machine information, such as location, date and type, in a step in which data is input manually. The data may thus also be precisely assigned to a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, at a later point in time.
The processed data is preferably optically output in one step. This enables the user to quickly determine whether the vibration behavior is all right, whether it is in a critical tolerance range or whether it is impermissible.
The invention may also be designed as a vibration analysis unit for a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or a vibrating screen, which includes an arithmetic unit having a camera. Information may be displayed for the user on the optical display device connected to the arithmetic unit. The arithmetic unit is configured in such a way that, viewed over a period of time, image information captured by the camera, which is obtained by filming a target ob-ject, which is prepared for visual capture and which is fastened to the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. This image information is evaluated and transmitted to the display device in such a way that information relating to the vibration of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, is displayed.
The invention is explained below with the aid of a drawing, where:
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a vibration analysis unit in a state in which an arithmetic unit has not yet been inserted into a sleeve;
Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the vibration analysis unit, including a trans-ceiver unit for communicating with a peripheral unit; and Figure 3 shows a flowchart representation of a computer program, which is provided and configured to run on the arithmetic unit;
Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a vibrating machine in the form of a vibrating screen, including a vibration analysis unit.
The figures are only of a schematic nature and are used exclusively for the sake of under-standing the present invention. Identical elements are provided with identical reference numer-als. The features of the individual exemplary embodiments are interchangeable with each other.
A vibration analysis unit 1 is illustrated in Figure 1, which has an attachment fixture 2, which is coupled with an arithmetic unit 3. Arithmetic unit 3 includes at least one sensor 4, which is de-signed to detect motion and/or detect acceleration. At least one means 5 is present at attach-ment fixture 2, with the aid of which vibration analysis unit 1 is detachably fastened to a hous-ing of a vibrating machine, which is not illustrated, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrat-ing screen. An optical display device 6 is also present, which is either integrated into arithme-tic unit 3 or designed to be separate therefrom. Display device 6 is prepared to output data de-tected by sensor 4 and further processed by arithmetic unit 3.
Arithmetic unit 3 of vibration analysis unit 1 to be coupled with attachment fixture 2 is illus-trated schematically according to Figure 1. Arithmetic unit 3 is designed as a conventional smartphone or tablet, which is prepared by an additional software application, also known as an app, to detect multiple parameters of a vibration behavior of the vibrating machine, in par-ticular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, with the aid of a built-in motion and/or accel-eration sensor 4, to further process the detected data and to optically output it with the aid of a display device 6.
Arithmetic unit 3 may be coupled with an attachment fixture 2. According to Figure 1, attach-ment fixture 2 is designed as a sleeve, into which arithmetic unit 3 may be inserted. Attach-ment fixture 2 is preferably manufactured from silicone or from another elastic material, so that arithmetic unit 3 may be inserted into the preferably form-fitting sleeve. In other exemplary em-bodiments, attachment fixture 2 may also be designed, for example, as a housing or (angle) plate.
Means 5 as illustrated in Figure 1 are present in attachment fixture 2, which are fastened to the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen housing, by means of their magnetic attraction force. Means 5 are disposed in the corners of attachment fixture 2. A magnetic attachment offers the advantage that it adheres to most metals without any additional fastening and is particularly easy to detach. In another exemplary embodiment, means 5 of attachment fixture 2 may be designed as a clamping fixture or an adhesive fixture.
According to Figure 1, display device 6 is integrated into arithmetic unit 3 and is prepared to optically output the detected and further processed data. An angle of the main vibration direc-tion, a distance traveled by the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrat-ing screen, a velocity, an acceleration, a vibration frequency, a deviation from a setpoint vibra-tion direction and/or an image of a vibration profile over time may be displayed on display de-vice 6. Depending on the setting in the application, the vibration parameters are output sepa-rately from each other and/or as a resulting vector depending on the x, y and z axes of a Car-tesian coordinate system.
Arithmetic unit 3 also includes a temperature sensor 7 according to Figure 1, which is de-signed to detect the ambient temperature. The data detected by temperature sensor 7 may processed and/or output in the application for the vibration analysis or in a separate applica-tion or processing/output unit.
As illustrated in Figure 2, a transceiver unit 8 is present in arithmetic unit 3, which preferably may communicate with one or multiple peripheral units 9 via Bluetooth, LAN or WLAN. For ex-ample, the vibration information may be displayed, synchronized with other measured data or stored in the peripheral unit.
Figure 3 shows a computer program 10, which carries out multiple steps one after the other. In a first step 11, raw motion and/or acceleration data is detected with the aid of a sensor 4. In a second step 12, which takes place at a later point in time, the raw data is forwarded to an arithmetic unit 3. Alternatively, the raw data may first be stored before it is forwarded to arith-metic unit 3. In a third step 13, the raw data is then further processed into processed data in arithmetic unit 3. The processed data is then forwarded to a display device 6 in a fourth step 14. In this case as well, the further processed data may alternatively first be stored before it is forwarded to display device 6. In a fifth step 15, the processed data is optically output with the aid of a display device 6.
Figure 4 shows a possible specific embodiment of a vibrating machine 16 in the form of a vi-brating screen, in which vibration analysis unit 1 may be used. Vibrating screens are used to sieve, to separate and/or to transport bulk material of different sizes.
Vibrating machine 16 comprises a screen deck 164, on which screen linings having predetermined openings are sit-uated, through which the smaller bulk material falls, while the larger material remains on screen deck 164. Vibrating machine 16 is supported on steel springs 162 on its four corners and is fastened to an insulating frame 165. Vibrating machine 16 is placed in motion by a vi-bration exciter 163 having eccentrically arranged weights. The vibrating screen may vibrate at up to 1,000 rotations per minute and with a load of more than five times the g-force (5g).
Due to this load, the recording and evaluation of vibrations of a vibrating machine 16 of this type is a challenge, which requires expert knowledge.
Vibration analysis unit 1 is preferably detachably mounted on a side plate 161 of a vibrating machine 16. The travel thereof, velocity or acceleration, vibration frequency, angle of the main vibration direction or an image of the vibration profile over time may thus be displayed specifi-cally for these points. An ascertainment of these characteristic variables at all four corners of the vibrating machine subsequently permits an analysis of the vibration behavior of the entire vibrating machine.
List of Reference Numerals 1 vibration analysis unit 2 attachment fixture 3 arithmetic unit 4 sensor means 6 display device 7 temperature sensor 8 transceiver unit 9 peripheral unit =
computer program 11 first step 12 second step 13 third step 14 fourth step fifth step 16 vibrating machine 161 side plate 162 steel spring 163 vibration exciter 164 screen deck 165 insulating frame
One or multiple fixtures are furthermore preferably designed for the purpose of clamping and/or magnetic attachment and/or gluing. As a result, the vibration analysis unit may be fix-edly attached to the housing of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, without an additional fixture being present on the housing of the vibrating ma-chine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. The vibration analysis unit may also thus be easily and in particular detachably attached in multiple different locations.
In addition, it is advantageous if the sensor is designed to detect at least one parameter from the group: motion direction, position, velocity, acceleration and travel.
These parameters, in particular, are good options, since they meaningfully characterize the vibration behavior and since additional evaluation-relevant parameters may be calculated from these parameters.
It is also favorable if the arithmetic unit is designed to detect and process data, so that an an-gle of the main vibration direction, the distance traveled by the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, the velocity, the acceleration, a vibration frequency, a deviation from a setpoint vibration direction and/or an image of a vibration profile (over time) may be displayed by the display device. This has the advantage that, due to this meaningful raw and further processed data, it is possible to evaluate whether the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, corresponds to or deviates from a setpoint behavior. Since the information is present not only graphically but also as numeric values, an automatic evaluation of the vibration behavior may also be made.
It is furthermore advantageous if the processed data items are output separately from each other and/or as a resulting vector depending on the x, y and z axes of a Cartesian coordinate system. As a result, either the total amount and the overall direction of the vibration or a partic-ular direction component of the vibration may be read out.
A favorable exemplary embodiment is also characterized in that the arithmetic unit has an-other sensor designed to detect the ambient temperature. The vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, may be damaged in particular at excessively high or excessively low ambient temperatures. An elevated temperature of the vibrating machine itself is also an indicator of an irregularity in the setpoint vibration behavior. It is therefore ad-vantageous to regularly check the temperature at the vibrating machine.
A transceiver unit for communicating with one or multiple peripheral units is advantageously present in the arithmetic unit. This makes it possible to decouple the display device from the arithmetic unit and to have the vibration data also output to other devices.
The data may also be automatically transmitted to and stored on an external storage medium. The vibration anal-ysis unit may also be operated and monitored by remote control via the transceiver unit, so that a vibration checker does not necessarily have to be on site. The measurements may fur-thermore be synchronized, so that, for example, multiple vibration analysis units are fastened to different points on a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, the data is evaluated in a synchronized manner and a statement may this be made on the overall motion of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen.
The invention also relates to a method for displaying vibration-induced output information for analyzing the behavior of a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, a sensor designed to detect motion and/or to detect acceleration being fastened to a housing of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, via an attachment fixture, the sensor detecting data which is further processed in an arithmetic unit connected to the sensor, and the further processed data being output in a display device.
It is this advantageous if the data for displaying the vibration-induced output information is out-put as a graphic or as a numerical value. The vibration behavior may be evaluated thereby op-tically, for example by an expert or comparison with a setpoint vibration graphic, as well as mathematically, for example by comparison with a tolerance range.
It is furthermore advantageous if the data relates to at least one parameter from the group:
travel, velocity, acceleration, vibration frequency, angle of the main vibration direction, devia-tion from the setpoint vibration direction and/or an image of the vibration profile. These param-eters advantageously completely and meaningfully classify a vibration, and additional parame-ters may be calculated therefrom.
A favorable exemplary embodiment is also characterized in that the data detected by the sen-sor and/or the data processed by the arithmetic unit is sent to an external peripheral unit. The data may be advantageously output on the external peripheral unit or be synchronized with data of other vibration analysis units. Statements on the overall motion of the vibrating ma-chine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, may be easily made thereby or compared with historic data which is stored, for example, in a database or on a storage me-dium. For example, Bluetooth, LAN or WLAN may be used to communicate with the peripheral unit.
It is also advantageous if a smartphone or tablet having the arithmetic unit and the sensor as well as the display device is coupled to the attachment fixture before or after the latter is fas-tened to the housing of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. Since an arithmetic unit, a display device and sensors are built as standard into many smartphones and/or tablets, the snnartphones and/or tablets may be advantageously used to detect and further process the vibration data only by equipping them with the additional soft-ware application and an attachment fixture.
It is furthermore advantageous if the attachment fixture is fastened to the housing. The snnartphone or the tablet, including the arithmetic unit and the sensor, is thus fixed directly on the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, so that no rela-tive movement is possible between the vibrating machine and sensor, and the sensor vibrates together with the vibrating machine. The detected data may be used to analyze the vibration behavior without any additional computational transformation.
The invention also relates to a computer program for carrying out certain steps when they are run on a computer system, the steps being designed as follows: detecting raw motion and/or acceleration data with the aid of a sensor; forwarding the raw data to an arithmetic unit; further processing the raw data into processed data in the arithmetic unit; forwarding the processed data to a display device; and outputting the processed data with the aid of a display device.
These steps should preferably be carried out in this order, although another sequence is also conceivable, for example, parallel execution of individual steps is possible, It is advantageous if the raw data is stored on a storage medium in a step after the forwarding of the raw data and/or after the further processing of the raw data. The data may be archived thereby and easily compared with data of the same vibrating machine obtained later on or with data of other vibrating machines. The historic development of a vibrating machine may also be better evaluated in this way.
It is furthermore advantageous if, in one step, the data processed is mathematically and/or graphically compared with earlier data, which preferably facilitates an evaluation over a longer period of time and reveals a deviation from the setpoint vibration behavior.
The processed data is also advantageously linked with machine information, such as location, date and type, in a step in which data is input manually. The data may thus also be precisely assigned to a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, at a later point in time.
The processed data is preferably optically output in one step. This enables the user to quickly determine whether the vibration behavior is all right, whether it is in a critical tolerance range or whether it is impermissible.
The invention may also be designed as a vibration analysis unit for a vibrating machine, in particular a vibrating conveyor or a vibrating screen, which includes an arithmetic unit having a camera. Information may be displayed for the user on the optical display device connected to the arithmetic unit. The arithmetic unit is configured in such a way that, viewed over a period of time, image information captured by the camera, which is obtained by filming a target ob-ject, which is prepared for visual capture and which is fastened to the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen. This image information is evaluated and transmitted to the display device in such a way that information relating to the vibration of the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, is displayed.
The invention is explained below with the aid of a drawing, where:
Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a vibration analysis unit in a state in which an arithmetic unit has not yet been inserted into a sleeve;
Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the vibration analysis unit, including a trans-ceiver unit for communicating with a peripheral unit; and Figure 3 shows a flowchart representation of a computer program, which is provided and configured to run on the arithmetic unit;
Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a vibrating machine in the form of a vibrating screen, including a vibration analysis unit.
The figures are only of a schematic nature and are used exclusively for the sake of under-standing the present invention. Identical elements are provided with identical reference numer-als. The features of the individual exemplary embodiments are interchangeable with each other.
A vibration analysis unit 1 is illustrated in Figure 1, which has an attachment fixture 2, which is coupled with an arithmetic unit 3. Arithmetic unit 3 includes at least one sensor 4, which is de-signed to detect motion and/or detect acceleration. At least one means 5 is present at attach-ment fixture 2, with the aid of which vibration analysis unit 1 is detachably fastened to a hous-ing of a vibrating machine, which is not illustrated, in particular a vibrating conveyor or vibrat-ing screen. An optical display device 6 is also present, which is either integrated into arithme-tic unit 3 or designed to be separate therefrom. Display device 6 is prepared to output data de-tected by sensor 4 and further processed by arithmetic unit 3.
Arithmetic unit 3 of vibration analysis unit 1 to be coupled with attachment fixture 2 is illus-trated schematically according to Figure 1. Arithmetic unit 3 is designed as a conventional smartphone or tablet, which is prepared by an additional software application, also known as an app, to detect multiple parameters of a vibration behavior of the vibrating machine, in par-ticular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen, with the aid of a built-in motion and/or accel-eration sensor 4, to further process the detected data and to optically output it with the aid of a display device 6.
Arithmetic unit 3 may be coupled with an attachment fixture 2. According to Figure 1, attach-ment fixture 2 is designed as a sleeve, into which arithmetic unit 3 may be inserted. Attach-ment fixture 2 is preferably manufactured from silicone or from another elastic material, so that arithmetic unit 3 may be inserted into the preferably form-fitting sleeve. In other exemplary em-bodiments, attachment fixture 2 may also be designed, for example, as a housing or (angle) plate.
Means 5 as illustrated in Figure 1 are present in attachment fixture 2, which are fastened to the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen housing, by means of their magnetic attraction force. Means 5 are disposed in the corners of attachment fixture 2. A magnetic attachment offers the advantage that it adheres to most metals without any additional fastening and is particularly easy to detach. In another exemplary embodiment, means 5 of attachment fixture 2 may be designed as a clamping fixture or an adhesive fixture.
According to Figure 1, display device 6 is integrated into arithmetic unit 3 and is prepared to optically output the detected and further processed data. An angle of the main vibration direc-tion, a distance traveled by the vibrating machine, in particular the vibrating conveyor or vibrat-ing screen, a velocity, an acceleration, a vibration frequency, a deviation from a setpoint vibra-tion direction and/or an image of a vibration profile over time may be displayed on display de-vice 6. Depending on the setting in the application, the vibration parameters are output sepa-rately from each other and/or as a resulting vector depending on the x, y and z axes of a Car-tesian coordinate system.
Arithmetic unit 3 also includes a temperature sensor 7 according to Figure 1, which is de-signed to detect the ambient temperature. The data detected by temperature sensor 7 may processed and/or output in the application for the vibration analysis or in a separate applica-tion or processing/output unit.
As illustrated in Figure 2, a transceiver unit 8 is present in arithmetic unit 3, which preferably may communicate with one or multiple peripheral units 9 via Bluetooth, LAN or WLAN. For ex-ample, the vibration information may be displayed, synchronized with other measured data or stored in the peripheral unit.
Figure 3 shows a computer program 10, which carries out multiple steps one after the other. In a first step 11, raw motion and/or acceleration data is detected with the aid of a sensor 4. In a second step 12, which takes place at a later point in time, the raw data is forwarded to an arithmetic unit 3. Alternatively, the raw data may first be stored before it is forwarded to arith-metic unit 3. In a third step 13, the raw data is then further processed into processed data in arithmetic unit 3. The processed data is then forwarded to a display device 6 in a fourth step 14. In this case as well, the further processed data may alternatively first be stored before it is forwarded to display device 6. In a fifth step 15, the processed data is optically output with the aid of a display device 6.
Figure 4 shows a possible specific embodiment of a vibrating machine 16 in the form of a vi-brating screen, in which vibration analysis unit 1 may be used. Vibrating screens are used to sieve, to separate and/or to transport bulk material of different sizes.
Vibrating machine 16 comprises a screen deck 164, on which screen linings having predetermined openings are sit-uated, through which the smaller bulk material falls, while the larger material remains on screen deck 164. Vibrating machine 16 is supported on steel springs 162 on its four corners and is fastened to an insulating frame 165. Vibrating machine 16 is placed in motion by a vi-bration exciter 163 having eccentrically arranged weights. The vibrating screen may vibrate at up to 1,000 rotations per minute and with a load of more than five times the g-force (5g).
Due to this load, the recording and evaluation of vibrations of a vibrating machine 16 of this type is a challenge, which requires expert knowledge.
Vibration analysis unit 1 is preferably detachably mounted on a side plate 161 of a vibrating machine 16. The travel thereof, velocity or acceleration, vibration frequency, angle of the main vibration direction or an image of the vibration profile over time may thus be displayed specifi-cally for these points. An ascertainment of these characteristic variables at all four corners of the vibrating machine subsequently permits an analysis of the vibration behavior of the entire vibrating machine.
List of Reference Numerals 1 vibration analysis unit 2 attachment fixture 3 arithmetic unit 4 sensor means 6 display device 7 temperature sensor 8 transceiver unit 9 peripheral unit =
computer program 11 first step 12 second step 13 third step 14 fourth step fifth step 16 vibrating machine 161 side plate 162 steel spring 163 vibration exciter 164 screen deck 165 insulating frame
Claims (15)
1. A vibration analysis unit for a vibrating machine comprising:
an arithmetic unit;
a sensor coupled to the arithmetic unit and configured to detect motion and/or acceleration of the vibrating machine, automatically calculate a horizontal reference plane and determine vibrations in relation to the horizontal reference plane and a plane in which the sensor is attached, generate sensor data in dependence on the detected motion and/or acceleration and transmit sensor data to the arithmetic unit;
a magnetic attachment fixture coupled to the sensor, the magnetic attachment fixture being detachably fastened to a housing of the vibrating machine; and a display device;
wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to output the sensor data on the display device as a graphical representation, the graphical representation being one of a vibration profile over time, an angle of a main vibration direction or a deviation from a setpoint vibration direction.
an arithmetic unit;
a sensor coupled to the arithmetic unit and configured to detect motion and/or acceleration of the vibrating machine, automatically calculate a horizontal reference plane and determine vibrations in relation to the horizontal reference plane and a plane in which the sensor is attached, generate sensor data in dependence on the detected motion and/or acceleration and transmit sensor data to the arithmetic unit;
a magnetic attachment fixture coupled to the sensor, the magnetic attachment fixture being detachably fastened to a housing of the vibrating machine; and a display device;
wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to output the sensor data on the display device as a graphical representation, the graphical representation being one of a vibration profile over time, an angle of a main vibration direction or a deviation from a setpoint vibration direction.
2. The vibration analysis unit according to claim 1, wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to:
retrieve historical data for the vibrating machine and/or other vibrating machines via a wireless transmitting and receiving unit;
wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to characterize a vibration behavior of the vibrating machine based on the sensor data and historical data.
retrieve historical data for the vibrating machine and/or other vibrating machines via a wireless transmitting and receiving unit;
wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to characterize a vibration behavior of the vibrating machine based on the sensor data and historical data.
3. The vibration analysis unit according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the sensor is configured to detect at least one parameter from the group: motion direction, position, velocity, acceleration, acceleration amplitude, stroke, operating Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-24 speed and travel.
4. The vibration analysis unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to:
output separately from each other and/or as a resulting vector depending on the x, y and z axes of a Cartesian coordinate unit such that a total amount and an overall direction of the vibration or a particular direction component of the vibration is read out.
output separately from each other and/or as a resulting vector depending on the x, y and z axes of a Cartesian coordinate unit such that a total amount and an overall direction of the vibration or a particular direction component of the vibration is read out.
5. The vibration analysis unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vibrating machine is a vibrating conveyor or vibrating screen.
6. The vibration analysis unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the vibrating machine is a vibrating screen comprising a screen deck which is vibrated, the vibrating machine being supported on steel springs proximate to four corners thereof and is fastened to an insulating frame, wherein a vibration analysis unit is detachably fastened to the screen deck proximate to each of the four corners.
7. The vibration analysis unit according to claim 6, wherein the vibration exciter comprises eccentrically arranged weights.
8. The vibration analysis unit according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the vibrating machine vibrates at speeds up to 1,000 rotations per minute.
9. The vibration analysis unit according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the vibrating machine vibrates at speeds up to 1,000 rotations per minute with a load of more than five times the gravitational force.
10. The vibration analysis unit according to claim 1, wherein multiple sensors each received in the magnetic attachment fixture such that the sensors are detachably fastened to the housing of the vibrating machine.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-24
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-24
11. A vibration analysis unit comprising:
an arithmetic unit;
a sensor coupled to the arithmetic unit and configured to detect vibration of a vibrating machine, automatically calculate a horizontal reference plane and determine vibrations in relation to the horizontal reference plane and a plane in which the sensor is attached, and generate sensor data in dependence on the detected vibration;
a wireless transmitting and receiving unit coupled to the arithmetic unit; and a display device coupled to the arithmetic unit;
an attachment fixture for receiving the sensor and for detachably fastening to a housing of a vibrating machine;
wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to:
characterize a vibration behavior of the vibrating machine based on the sensor data;
determine whether the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine corresponds to or deviates from a setpoint behavior; and cause output as a result of the determination to the display device, wherein the output is a graphical representation, the graphical representation being one of a vibration profile over time, an angle of a main vibration direction or a deviation from a setpoint vibration direction.
an arithmetic unit;
a sensor coupled to the arithmetic unit and configured to detect vibration of a vibrating machine, automatically calculate a horizontal reference plane and determine vibrations in relation to the horizontal reference plane and a plane in which the sensor is attached, and generate sensor data in dependence on the detected vibration;
a wireless transmitting and receiving unit coupled to the arithmetic unit; and a display device coupled to the arithmetic unit;
an attachment fixture for receiving the sensor and for detachably fastening to a housing of a vibrating machine;
wherein the arithmetic unit is configured to:
characterize a vibration behavior of the vibrating machine based on the sensor data;
determine whether the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine corresponds to or deviates from a setpoint behavior; and cause output as a result of the determination to the display device, wherein the output is a graphical representation, the graphical representation being one of a vibration profile over time, an angle of a main vibration direction or a deviation from a setpoint vibration direction.
12. The vibration analysis unit according to claim 11, wherein the arithmetic unit is provided by a smartphone or tablet.
13. A method for vibration analysis using a vibration analysis unit, comprising:
sensing, by a sensor of the vibration analysis unit, a vibration of a vibrating machine, automatically calculating a horizontal reference plane and determining Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-24 vibrations in relation to the horizontal reference plane and a plane in which the sensor is attached, and generating sensor data in dependence on a detected vibration, wherein the sensor is received in an attachment fixture detachably fastened to a housing of the vibrating machine;
characterizing, by an arithmetic unit of the vibration analysis unit, a vibration behavior of the vibrating machine based on the sensor data;
determining, by the arithmetic unit of the vibration analysis unit, whether the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine corresponds to or deviates from a setpoint behavior; and outputting, on a display device of the vibration analysis unit, a result of the determination, wherein the result that is output is a graphical representation, the graphical representation being one of a vibration profile over time, an angle of a main vibration direction or a deviation from a setpoint vibration direction.
sensing, by a sensor of the vibration analysis unit, a vibration of a vibrating machine, automatically calculating a horizontal reference plane and determining Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-24 vibrations in relation to the horizontal reference plane and a plane in which the sensor is attached, and generating sensor data in dependence on a detected vibration, wherein the sensor is received in an attachment fixture detachably fastened to a housing of the vibrating machine;
characterizing, by an arithmetic unit of the vibration analysis unit, a vibration behavior of the vibrating machine based on the sensor data;
determining, by the arithmetic unit of the vibration analysis unit, whether the vibration behavior of the vibrating machine corresponds to or deviates from a setpoint behavior; and outputting, on a display device of the vibration analysis unit, a result of the determination, wherein the result that is output is a graphical representation, the graphical representation being one of a vibration profile over time, an angle of a main vibration direction or a deviation from a setpoint vibration direction.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the sensor data is determined at multiple locations of the vibrating machine and an analysis of the vibration behaviour of the vibrating machine being analyzed is produced.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the sensor data is determined at four corners of the vibrating machine and an analysis of the vibration behaviour of the vibrating machine being analyzed is produced.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-24
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-24
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| PCT/EP2017/078849 WO2018087274A1 (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2017-11-10 | Vibration analysis device for a vibration machine, method for vibration representation and computer program |
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