CA2091359C - Apparatus for comminuting waste wood material - Google Patents
Apparatus for comminuting waste wood materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA2091359C CA2091359C CA002091359A CA2091359A CA2091359C CA 2091359 C CA2091359 C CA 2091359C CA 002091359 A CA002091359 A CA 002091359A CA 2091359 A CA2091359 A CA 2091359A CA 2091359 C CA2091359 C CA 2091359C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- anvil
- cutter bar
- rotor
- rotors
- case portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 101100270435 Mus musculus Arhgef12 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/146—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with a rotor comprising a plurality of axially contiguous disc-like segments each having at least one radially extending cutting element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
- B02C18/186—Axially elongated knives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C2018/162—Shape or inner surface of shredder-housings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus (1) for reducing various material to smaller sizes emphasizing larg e volume with long pieces. The apparatus has a frame case, with an infeed (43) and outfeed, within which at least one rot or (4) with at least one radially tilted forward cutter bar (16) cuts the material against one anvil (22). A grate (29, 32) is used to s ize the material to final product dimensions. The frame case is angularly split. Where more than one rotor is used, they are radia lly offset.
Description
2 0 9 1 3 S 9 PCr/US91/0s937 APPARATUf~ FOR CONMINI~TING I~A8TE: IIOOD ~IATE:RIAL
TEC~INICAI~ FIELD
The present invention relates to apparatus for reducing large pieces of waste wood into many pieces of no greater than a particular smaller size.
~ P~ND ART
A three impact bar rock crusher as shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,701,485 shows the 12~- degree offset between bars to get the material to be crushed into the ~' machine. The action is one which the bar strikes the material in mid-air and flings the material against an anvil. U.S. Patent No. 3,887,141 shows another version .' of a rock crusher which uses parallel impact bars and flings are material for impact reduction.
Diester U.S. Patent No. 4,151,959 again strikes the material in mid-air but also moves the material laterally along the axis of the shaft. The material is r~uce~ by impact with the striker plates, with the inside of the case, with each other and with the anvil.
The striker plates are angled slightly backwards to give the flinging action and the striker plates are angled ; (15-) from the shaft axis to give the spiral movement.
The Diester apparatus has limited volume. In order to get the spiral mov.~ L of material the infeed is limited to one side of the machine. Particle size is difficult to con~rol and larger sizes are most difficult to do.
In general hammer hogs contain a plurality of t pivoted hammers on the outer rotor dimension. The hammers pulverize the material against an anvil. The , rotor is light and the hammers are heavy. The rotor tends to be difficult to start becAl~e the pivoted hammers hang towards the bottom of the machine. Bearing wear is high and mainten~nce is ~Y~essive.
Knife hoqs have fixed knives on a spinni~g rotor. The knives are generally sha~ened every four hours which adds downtime and ~Yp~n~e.
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' w092/03226 PCT/US9l/05937 209~3~9 2 Shredders generally have low rotating speed with high torque which requires an expensive gear reduction system. The anvil has teeth through which each shredder tooth moves. Particle size is difficult to control. Volume is very low because of slow rotation speed.
Tl~e,Vl~l2 OF TIIB INVEN~!ION
A drive motor turns a shaft to which at least one rotor is fixably attached. The infeed hole is angularly d;sposed to accept longer pieces of material.
' An anvil is set perpendicular to the infeed hold such that material from an infeed conveyor falls directly on said anvil. The rotor has at least one radially tilted forward cutting bar which cuts the material as it slides down the anvil. The rotor generally has three or, sometimes, four tilted forward cutter bars and rotates at 500 to 1000 rpm. Each time a tilted forward cutter bar p~ses the anvil, a piece is cut off the material and carried to the grate. The grate begins at the bottom point of the anvil and continues for 180 degrees around the rotor. A plurality of holes are located on the grate to allow proper particle sizing. Material too large for a hole is sheared by the cutter bar and the back of the hole until all pieces drop through the grate. The vast majority of material will exit the grate without returning to the anvil section.
More than one rotor can be used. When more than one rotor is used, the rotors are welded together but in a position so that each tilted forward cutter bar is offset from the nearest radially tilted forward cutter bar of the adjacent rotor.
The foregoing and other objectives, features, and advantages of the invention will be more readily understood upon consideration of the following detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
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WO 92/03226 ~ U ~ PCT/US91/OS937 :' f 3 BRIEF m2RC~TP$ION OF THE: DRa~ING~
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the material size reduction machine.
Figure 2 is a top view of the material size reduction machine.
Figure 3 is a side view showing the material ~ size reduction machine opened.
!' Figure 4 is a side section view along lines 4-4 of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a side view of the rotor with a cut-away view of the tilted forward cutter bar.
Figure 6 is a front view of the rotor with a cut-away view of the shaft.
Figure 7 is a side view of a plurality of rotors with ghost lines showing a larger size rotor.
Figure 8 is a front view of a plurality of rotors.
Figure g is a side peLx~e~Live view of the relationship between the cutter bar and grate.
Figure 10 is a front view showing the angle beL~een the cutter bar and the grate.
Figure ll is a schematic view showing the dimensions of the cutter bar.
F '~ ON OF T9B ~n~n~v EMBODIMBNT
' Reviewing Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, a material size reduction machine 1 rests on a base f~ -wvrk 2. A rotor 4 or plurality of rotors 4 fit on shaft 3. If there is a plurality of rotors 4 there is a rotor weld 5 between the rotors as indicated. Each rotor 4 contains a rotor shaft hole 7 which is .004 in~h~s greater in diameter than the shaft diameter 3. In each outside rotor 4 a ring fetter counterbore 8 is drilled so that the ring fetter 6 will properly attach the rotor 4 to the shaft 3. The ring fetter 6 is att~hed to the rotor 4 and the shaft 3 by means of ring fetter bolts 15.
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W O 92/03226 PC~r/US91/05937 209~3~9 4The rotor 4 is hex-shaped 9 in order to increase the mass of each rotor 4. Two cutter bar holes lo are drilled through each cutter bar seat 11. While three cutter bar seats 11 are shown, in some larger mach;n~ the number of cùtter bar seats may increase to four. The cutter bar seat angle 12 is shown along with the cutter bar angle of attack 13.
; Finally, the cutter bar seat radial angle 14 is shown. However, the cutter bar seat radial angle 14 may vary with different rotor diameters. Cutter bar 16 is attached to the cutter bar seat 11 by means of the cutter bar attachment nuts 17A and cutter bar socket head cap screws 17B. As shown in Figure 11, the cutter bar is generally a two-inch thick plate with a top ~ rement lS of Y of 3/4 inches and a base measurement of X inches equal to one-and-a-half inchec. Generally dimension Z is a half an inch. The angle of the cutter bar relief is 45 degrees.
The anvil 22 also forms the front side of the upper case. The anvil wear plate 23 is shown. The anvil 22 contains anvil pivots 24 which are threaded on the upper side plates 41 but pe~ged into the anvil 22. The anvil shear pins 25 are shown along with the anvil shear holes 26. There are two anvil shear holes 26, one set at one-eighth inch 27 and the other set at three-eighths ~ches 28.
The grate ACSe ' ly 29 generally will comprise five grate bars 30 with two grate side plates 31. A
grate liner 32 will be provided which includes liner holes 33 within the grate liner 32. The grate adjustable shear pin 34 may be placed either in hole 34A which is the one-eighth-inch shear hole or hole 34B which is the three-eighths-inch shear hole. The grate pivot pin 35 is shown. The lower case front plate 36 is shown with an Acc~ss plate 37 for shear pin 34 at~Ached by means of Access plate bolts 38. Structural beam lower case front 39 is shown along with the lower case side plates 40 and , ' .:
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the upper case side plates 41. The upper case front structural angle 42 is shown. The infeed hole 43 ; establishes the infeed hole angle 44.
The lower case back plate 45 along with the S lower case back structural çh~nnels 46 of which there are two and the upper case back structural angles 47 of which there are two are shown. The back deflector plate 48 is shown along with the return deflector plate 49. The ; upper case lower back plate 50 and gussets 51 are shown along with the upper case side structural angles 52. The hinge bracket 53 is shown with the upper case pivot pin 54. Front side hinge tab 55 is shown. The connection plate 56 along with the connection plate bolt 57 and the upper case connection bolt hole 58 are illustrated. The lS hinge cover plate 59 is shown.
The upper mounting bracket 66 and frame mounting bracket 67 are shown with the upper mounting bracket pivot 68 and the frame mounting bracket pivot 69.
The hydraulic cylinder 70 is shown and it contains a ; 20 safety check valve. In addition, the usual hydraulic features of an operating valve, hydraulic power supply, hydraulic pump, and hydraulic reservoir are utilized but not shown. The drive motor 72 is shown with the drive sheave 73 and the driven sheave 74. The drive belt 75 is shown between the sheaves and ordinarily a safety drive guard is provided for safety reasons. The shaft drive portion 77 is shown. To mount the shaft 3 on the material size reduction machine 1 the bearing mounting block 79 is attached to the sides by bearing mounting block bolts 80. Bearing mounting stops 81A (side) and 81B (base) are used to stabilize the bearing mounting block 79. The bearing housing 82 is attached by means of the bearing housing bolts 83. The bearing 84 is a dual spherical roller bearing in a piloted flange housing.
The bearing cap 85 is shown.
Figure 9 is a ~e~ec~ive view showing that the cutter bar 16 is parallel to the lea~ing edge of the .
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W O 92/03226 2 0 9 1 3 5 9 PC~r/US91/05937 6 ~' .
grate liner 32. From Figure 4, the bottom edge of the anvil 22 is parallel to the leading edge of the grate liner 32. Thus, the cutter bar 16 is parallel to the anvil 22. This can also be seen by viewing the line 95 - 5 formed by the intersection of the bottom surface of the cutter bar 16 and the surface 96 of ~ cion x shown in ~igures 11, 9 and 4. From Figure 5 and Figure 9, the bottom surface of the cutter bar is on a radial plane ext~n~ing from the centerline of the shaft.
Figures 7 and 10 show that cutter bar 16 is parallel to the length of the grate 32. The entire bottom surface of each cutter bar cuts the material at the same time against the anvil. In other words, there is no angle as, for example, in a scissors cutting movement or in an attempt to move material laterally along the sections of the rotor.
In operation, the material to be reduced will generally fall from a feed conveyor into the infeed hole ; 43 of the machine 1. Generally, when starting the outfeed conveyor is started first, then the machine 1, and finally the infeed conveyor. The machine 1 is started by operating the drive motor 72 so that the drive sheave 73 turns the drive belt 75 which operates the driven sheave 74 attached to the shaft drive portion 77 of the shaft 3. The shaft 3 turns the rotors 4.
When the material falls into the infeed hole 43, an infeed hole angle 44 allows for longer length material to enter the machine 1. The infeed hole angle 44 is equal to the angle of the split case.
~ 30 The anvil 22 with anvil plate 23 is ; perpendicular to the infeed hole angle 44. The speed of infeed con~eyo~ is such that most, if not all, of material to be redltce~ will land and slide down the anvil wear plate 23. In general, the angle of the anvil 22 will vary between 45- and 80- as measured from the horizontal. The rotor 4 is ~"ed Le~een 500 rpm and 1000 rpm . Dep~n~ i ng on the thic~ness of the material, ' ' .
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the tilt forward cutter bar 16 will cut a portion off of the material. If the portion of material is less than 1/8" or 3/8" depending on the positioning of the anvil 22, it will slide through the space between the anvil 22 and the tilted forward cutter bar 16. The cutter bar angle of attack 13 creates a cutting action rather than a crushing action. The cutting action is more efficient than a crushing action in that less po~er is required.
The offset reduces the power requirements on larger material because only one tilt forward cutter bar 16 is fully engaged at any one time. No flinging action takes place to shatter the material against the anvil 22 because of the angle of the anvil 22 created by the infeed hole angle 44 and the tilted forward cutter bar angle of attack 13. If the material is larger than the 1/8" or 3/8", the material is sliding downward on the anvil wear plate 23. Other tilted forward cutter bars 16 ; on the same rotor 4 or other rotors 4 will continue to cut the material to approximately 4 inch minus (4 inches or less). The cut material is then carried into the grate section of the machine. The material is moved along the grate liner 32 until it falls into liner holes 33. The liner holes 33 vary in size ~ep~n~ing on final product size. Larger holes allow for larger size:
smaller holes, small size. If the material is larger than the liner hole 33, a portion will fall into the hole 33 and the tilt forward cutter bar 16 uses the back edge of the hole 33 to cut the material. This action ; continues until the material is re~uc~d to the desired dimensions. Once cut, the material drops onto an outfeed conveyor.
The terms and expressions which have been j employed in the foregoing specification are used therein as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention, in the use of such terms and expressions, of excluding equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, it being ' ;'' .
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reco~nized that the scope of the invention is defined and li~ited only by the clai~8 which follow.
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TEC~INICAI~ FIELD
The present invention relates to apparatus for reducing large pieces of waste wood into many pieces of no greater than a particular smaller size.
~ P~ND ART
A three impact bar rock crusher as shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,701,485 shows the 12~- degree offset between bars to get the material to be crushed into the ~' machine. The action is one which the bar strikes the material in mid-air and flings the material against an anvil. U.S. Patent No. 3,887,141 shows another version .' of a rock crusher which uses parallel impact bars and flings are material for impact reduction.
Diester U.S. Patent No. 4,151,959 again strikes the material in mid-air but also moves the material laterally along the axis of the shaft. The material is r~uce~ by impact with the striker plates, with the inside of the case, with each other and with the anvil.
The striker plates are angled slightly backwards to give the flinging action and the striker plates are angled ; (15-) from the shaft axis to give the spiral movement.
The Diester apparatus has limited volume. In order to get the spiral mov.~ L of material the infeed is limited to one side of the machine. Particle size is difficult to con~rol and larger sizes are most difficult to do.
In general hammer hogs contain a plurality of t pivoted hammers on the outer rotor dimension. The hammers pulverize the material against an anvil. The , rotor is light and the hammers are heavy. The rotor tends to be difficult to start becAl~e the pivoted hammers hang towards the bottom of the machine. Bearing wear is high and mainten~nce is ~Y~essive.
Knife hoqs have fixed knives on a spinni~g rotor. The knives are generally sha~ened every four hours which adds downtime and ~Yp~n~e.
., .'.' ' , '' ' ' ' ~ ' , ., i''" ' , . " - ' .
....
' w092/03226 PCT/US9l/05937 209~3~9 2 Shredders generally have low rotating speed with high torque which requires an expensive gear reduction system. The anvil has teeth through which each shredder tooth moves. Particle size is difficult to control. Volume is very low because of slow rotation speed.
Tl~e,Vl~l2 OF TIIB INVEN~!ION
A drive motor turns a shaft to which at least one rotor is fixably attached. The infeed hole is angularly d;sposed to accept longer pieces of material.
' An anvil is set perpendicular to the infeed hold such that material from an infeed conveyor falls directly on said anvil. The rotor has at least one radially tilted forward cutting bar which cuts the material as it slides down the anvil. The rotor generally has three or, sometimes, four tilted forward cutter bars and rotates at 500 to 1000 rpm. Each time a tilted forward cutter bar p~ses the anvil, a piece is cut off the material and carried to the grate. The grate begins at the bottom point of the anvil and continues for 180 degrees around the rotor. A plurality of holes are located on the grate to allow proper particle sizing. Material too large for a hole is sheared by the cutter bar and the back of the hole until all pieces drop through the grate. The vast majority of material will exit the grate without returning to the anvil section.
More than one rotor can be used. When more than one rotor is used, the rotors are welded together but in a position so that each tilted forward cutter bar is offset from the nearest radially tilted forward cutter bar of the adjacent rotor.
The foregoing and other objectives, features, and advantages of the invention will be more readily understood upon consideration of the following detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
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WO 92/03226 ~ U ~ PCT/US91/OS937 :' f 3 BRIEF m2RC~TP$ION OF THE: DRa~ING~
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the material size reduction machine.
Figure 2 is a top view of the material size reduction machine.
Figure 3 is a side view showing the material ~ size reduction machine opened.
!' Figure 4 is a side section view along lines 4-4 of Figure 2.
Figure 5 is a side view of the rotor with a cut-away view of the tilted forward cutter bar.
Figure 6 is a front view of the rotor with a cut-away view of the shaft.
Figure 7 is a side view of a plurality of rotors with ghost lines showing a larger size rotor.
Figure 8 is a front view of a plurality of rotors.
Figure g is a side peLx~e~Live view of the relationship between the cutter bar and grate.
Figure 10 is a front view showing the angle beL~een the cutter bar and the grate.
Figure ll is a schematic view showing the dimensions of the cutter bar.
F '~ ON OF T9B ~n~n~v EMBODIMBNT
' Reviewing Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, a material size reduction machine 1 rests on a base f~ -wvrk 2. A rotor 4 or plurality of rotors 4 fit on shaft 3. If there is a plurality of rotors 4 there is a rotor weld 5 between the rotors as indicated. Each rotor 4 contains a rotor shaft hole 7 which is .004 in~h~s greater in diameter than the shaft diameter 3. In each outside rotor 4 a ring fetter counterbore 8 is drilled so that the ring fetter 6 will properly attach the rotor 4 to the shaft 3. The ring fetter 6 is att~hed to the rotor 4 and the shaft 3 by means of ring fetter bolts 15.
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W O 92/03226 PC~r/US91/05937 209~3~9 4The rotor 4 is hex-shaped 9 in order to increase the mass of each rotor 4. Two cutter bar holes lo are drilled through each cutter bar seat 11. While three cutter bar seats 11 are shown, in some larger mach;n~ the number of cùtter bar seats may increase to four. The cutter bar seat angle 12 is shown along with the cutter bar angle of attack 13.
; Finally, the cutter bar seat radial angle 14 is shown. However, the cutter bar seat radial angle 14 may vary with different rotor diameters. Cutter bar 16 is attached to the cutter bar seat 11 by means of the cutter bar attachment nuts 17A and cutter bar socket head cap screws 17B. As shown in Figure 11, the cutter bar is generally a two-inch thick plate with a top ~ rement lS of Y of 3/4 inches and a base measurement of X inches equal to one-and-a-half inchec. Generally dimension Z is a half an inch. The angle of the cutter bar relief is 45 degrees.
The anvil 22 also forms the front side of the upper case. The anvil wear plate 23 is shown. The anvil 22 contains anvil pivots 24 which are threaded on the upper side plates 41 but pe~ged into the anvil 22. The anvil shear pins 25 are shown along with the anvil shear holes 26. There are two anvil shear holes 26, one set at one-eighth inch 27 and the other set at three-eighths ~ches 28.
The grate ACSe ' ly 29 generally will comprise five grate bars 30 with two grate side plates 31. A
grate liner 32 will be provided which includes liner holes 33 within the grate liner 32. The grate adjustable shear pin 34 may be placed either in hole 34A which is the one-eighth-inch shear hole or hole 34B which is the three-eighths-inch shear hole. The grate pivot pin 35 is shown. The lower case front plate 36 is shown with an Acc~ss plate 37 for shear pin 34 at~Ached by means of Access plate bolts 38. Structural beam lower case front 39 is shown along with the lower case side plates 40 and , ' .:
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the upper case side plates 41. The upper case front structural angle 42 is shown. The infeed hole 43 ; establishes the infeed hole angle 44.
The lower case back plate 45 along with the S lower case back structural çh~nnels 46 of which there are two and the upper case back structural angles 47 of which there are two are shown. The back deflector plate 48 is shown along with the return deflector plate 49. The ; upper case lower back plate 50 and gussets 51 are shown along with the upper case side structural angles 52. The hinge bracket 53 is shown with the upper case pivot pin 54. Front side hinge tab 55 is shown. The connection plate 56 along with the connection plate bolt 57 and the upper case connection bolt hole 58 are illustrated. The lS hinge cover plate 59 is shown.
The upper mounting bracket 66 and frame mounting bracket 67 are shown with the upper mounting bracket pivot 68 and the frame mounting bracket pivot 69.
The hydraulic cylinder 70 is shown and it contains a ; 20 safety check valve. In addition, the usual hydraulic features of an operating valve, hydraulic power supply, hydraulic pump, and hydraulic reservoir are utilized but not shown. The drive motor 72 is shown with the drive sheave 73 and the driven sheave 74. The drive belt 75 is shown between the sheaves and ordinarily a safety drive guard is provided for safety reasons. The shaft drive portion 77 is shown. To mount the shaft 3 on the material size reduction machine 1 the bearing mounting block 79 is attached to the sides by bearing mounting block bolts 80. Bearing mounting stops 81A (side) and 81B (base) are used to stabilize the bearing mounting block 79. The bearing housing 82 is attached by means of the bearing housing bolts 83. The bearing 84 is a dual spherical roller bearing in a piloted flange housing.
The bearing cap 85 is shown.
Figure 9 is a ~e~ec~ive view showing that the cutter bar 16 is parallel to the lea~ing edge of the .
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grate liner 32. From Figure 4, the bottom edge of the anvil 22 is parallel to the leading edge of the grate liner 32. Thus, the cutter bar 16 is parallel to the anvil 22. This can also be seen by viewing the line 95 - 5 formed by the intersection of the bottom surface of the cutter bar 16 and the surface 96 of ~ cion x shown in ~igures 11, 9 and 4. From Figure 5 and Figure 9, the bottom surface of the cutter bar is on a radial plane ext~n~ing from the centerline of the shaft.
Figures 7 and 10 show that cutter bar 16 is parallel to the length of the grate 32. The entire bottom surface of each cutter bar cuts the material at the same time against the anvil. In other words, there is no angle as, for example, in a scissors cutting movement or in an attempt to move material laterally along the sections of the rotor.
In operation, the material to be reduced will generally fall from a feed conveyor into the infeed hole ; 43 of the machine 1. Generally, when starting the outfeed conveyor is started first, then the machine 1, and finally the infeed conveyor. The machine 1 is started by operating the drive motor 72 so that the drive sheave 73 turns the drive belt 75 which operates the driven sheave 74 attached to the shaft drive portion 77 of the shaft 3. The shaft 3 turns the rotors 4.
When the material falls into the infeed hole 43, an infeed hole angle 44 allows for longer length material to enter the machine 1. The infeed hole angle 44 is equal to the angle of the split case.
~ 30 The anvil 22 with anvil plate 23 is ; perpendicular to the infeed hole angle 44. The speed of infeed con~eyo~ is such that most, if not all, of material to be redltce~ will land and slide down the anvil wear plate 23. In general, the angle of the anvil 22 will vary between 45- and 80- as measured from the horizontal. The rotor 4 is ~"ed Le~een 500 rpm and 1000 rpm . Dep~n~ i ng on the thic~ness of the material, ' ' .
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the tilt forward cutter bar 16 will cut a portion off of the material. If the portion of material is less than 1/8" or 3/8" depending on the positioning of the anvil 22, it will slide through the space between the anvil 22 and the tilted forward cutter bar 16. The cutter bar angle of attack 13 creates a cutting action rather than a crushing action. The cutting action is more efficient than a crushing action in that less po~er is required.
The offset reduces the power requirements on larger material because only one tilt forward cutter bar 16 is fully engaged at any one time. No flinging action takes place to shatter the material against the anvil 22 because of the angle of the anvil 22 created by the infeed hole angle 44 and the tilted forward cutter bar angle of attack 13. If the material is larger than the 1/8" or 3/8", the material is sliding downward on the anvil wear plate 23. Other tilted forward cutter bars 16 ; on the same rotor 4 or other rotors 4 will continue to cut the material to approximately 4 inch minus (4 inches or less). The cut material is then carried into the grate section of the machine. The material is moved along the grate liner 32 until it falls into liner holes 33. The liner holes 33 vary in size ~ep~n~ing on final product size. Larger holes allow for larger size:
smaller holes, small size. If the material is larger than the liner hole 33, a portion will fall into the hole 33 and the tilt forward cutter bar 16 uses the back edge of the hole 33 to cut the material. This action ; continues until the material is re~uc~d to the desired dimensions. Once cut, the material drops onto an outfeed conveyor.
The terms and expressions which have been j employed in the foregoing specification are used therein as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention, in the use of such terms and expressions, of excluding equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, it being ' ;'' .
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2~9~ ~3~9 ~
reco~nized that the scope of the invention is defined and li~ited only by the clai~8 which follow.
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Claims (8)
1. An apparatus for comminuting lignocellulosic materials, comprising:
(a) a frame;
(b) a rotor case supported by said frame and including a lower case portion and an upper case portion mated with each other along a mating plane inclined obliquely with respect to the horizontal;
(c) an infeed opening defined by said upper case portion for receiving material to be comminuted;
(d) a shaft mounted on bearings defining an axis of rotation;
(e) at least two rotors mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith within said rotor case to comminute material received through said infeed opening;
(f) a plurality of rotor cutter bar supports extending from each rotor, each cutter bar support defining a cutter bar seat;
(g) a cutter bar attached to each said rotor cutter bar support and supported by the respective cutter bar seat, each cutter bar of one rotor being offset by an angle about said axis of rotation from a closest cutter bar on each one of said rotors adjacent thereto, and each cutter bar having a bottom surface located in a radial plane extending from said axis of rotation of said shaft;
(h) an anvil located in said upper case portion adjacent said infeed opening and extending toward said lower case portion, said anvil forming a front side of said upper case portion to support said material to be comminuted, said anvil having an inner surface inclined obliquely from the horizontal, parallel with said axis of rotation, and approximately perpendicular to said mating plane;
(i) a grate located in said lower case portion for sizing material being comminuted; and (j) a drive motor for rotating said shaft together with said rotors.
(a) a frame;
(b) a rotor case supported by said frame and including a lower case portion and an upper case portion mated with each other along a mating plane inclined obliquely with respect to the horizontal;
(c) an infeed opening defined by said upper case portion for receiving material to be comminuted;
(d) a shaft mounted on bearings defining an axis of rotation;
(e) at least two rotors mounted on said shaft for rotation therewith within said rotor case to comminute material received through said infeed opening;
(f) a plurality of rotor cutter bar supports extending from each rotor, each cutter bar support defining a cutter bar seat;
(g) a cutter bar attached to each said rotor cutter bar support and supported by the respective cutter bar seat, each cutter bar of one rotor being offset by an angle about said axis of rotation from a closest cutter bar on each one of said rotors adjacent thereto, and each cutter bar having a bottom surface located in a radial plane extending from said axis of rotation of said shaft;
(h) an anvil located in said upper case portion adjacent said infeed opening and extending toward said lower case portion, said anvil forming a front side of said upper case portion to support said material to be comminuted, said anvil having an inner surface inclined obliquely from the horizontal, parallel with said axis of rotation, and approximately perpendicular to said mating plane;
(i) a grate located in said lower case portion for sizing material being comminuted; and (j) a drive motor for rotating said shaft together with said rotors.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said bearings are attached to a bearing mounting block fixedly attached to only said lower case portion.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said grate is located beneath said rotors and extends from a location adjacent a lower margin of said anvil about 180° around said rotors.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said grate is supported by a pivot and is held in a selected one of a plurality of operative positions by a shear pin.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said upper and lower case portions are interconnected by a case hinge separate from said pivot and said shear pin.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said anvil is supported by a pivot, having a pivot axis proximate said infeed opening and parallel with said axis of rotation, and by a shear pin holding said anvil in a selected one of a plurality of positions providing different respective clearances between said cutter bars and said anvil.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said action of said cutter bars with respect to said material to be comminuted is a cutting action directed toward said anvil as said bottom surface of each cutter bar moves toward said anvil as said shaft and said rotors are rotated.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 including a return deflector plate located in said upper case portion above said rotors and opposite said anvil.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US56866790A | 1990-08-20 | 1990-08-20 | |
| US568,667 | 1990-08-20 | ||
| PCT/US1991/005937 WO1992003226A1 (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1991-08-20 | Apparatus for comminuting waste wood material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2091359A1 CA2091359A1 (en) | 1992-02-21 |
| CA2091359C true CA2091359C (en) | 1999-07-13 |
Family
ID=24272229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002091359A Expired - Lifetime CA2091359C (en) | 1990-08-20 | 1991-08-20 | Apparatus for comminuting waste wood material |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0544800A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU8510391A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2091359C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992003226A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1877121A (en) * | 1928-08-25 | 1932-09-13 | Pennsylvania Crusher Co | Hammer crusher |
| US3473742A (en) * | 1966-10-25 | 1969-10-21 | Jacksonville Blow Pipe Co | Machine for the punching and cutting of wood |
| US3756519A (en) * | 1971-08-18 | 1973-09-04 | Entoleter | Novel granulating apparatus of modulator construction |
| DE2632330C2 (en) * | 1976-07-17 | 1983-04-07 | Neue Bruderhaus Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 7410 Reutlingen | Granulator |
| US4151960A (en) * | 1977-11-07 | 1979-05-01 | Conair, Inc. | Comminution device |
| CA1249985A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1989-02-14 | Reginald G. Roberts | Size reduction granulator |
| US4919344A (en) * | 1989-06-05 | 1990-04-24 | Mckie Robert T | Grinding mill apparatus |
-
1991
- 1991-08-20 AU AU85103/91A patent/AU8510391A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-08-20 WO PCT/US1991/005937 patent/WO1992003226A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-08-20 EP EP91916058A patent/EP0544800A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-08-20 CA CA002091359A patent/CA2091359C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2091359A1 (en) | 1992-02-21 |
| WO1992003226A1 (en) | 1992-03-05 |
| EP0544800A1 (en) | 1993-06-09 |
| AU8510391A (en) | 1992-03-17 |
| EP0544800A4 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |