CA2074679C - Prebrushing pyrophosphate-containing liquid oral compositions - Google Patents
Prebrushing pyrophosphate-containing liquid oral compositionsInfo
- Publication number
- CA2074679C CA2074679C CA 2074679 CA2074679A CA2074679C CA 2074679 C CA2074679 C CA 2074679C CA 2074679 CA2074679 CA 2074679 CA 2074679 A CA2074679 A CA 2074679A CA 2074679 C CA2074679 C CA 2074679C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- composition
- prebrushing
- lauryl sulfate
- sodium lauryl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 title description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001992 poloxamer 407 Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229940044476 poloxamer 407 Drugs 0.000 description 6
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 6
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 6
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019820 disodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])(=O)OP(O)([O-])=O GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229940038485 disodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000002064 Dental Plaque Diseases 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010044029 Tooth deposit Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019264 food flavour enhancer Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 208000028169 periodontal disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000551 dentifrice Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000007565 gingivitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100283604 Caenorhabditis elegans pigk-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 1
- UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cyclamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)NC1CCCCC1 UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001238 Gaultheria procumbens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007297 Gaultheria procumbens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000024873 Mentha crispa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014749 Mentha crispa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000246386 Mentha pulegium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016257 Mentha pulegium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004357 Mentha x piperita Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000380 Nyssa aquatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000001848 Salivary Proteins and Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010029987 Salivary Proteins and Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- IZFYTNNCHWKANO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Na+].C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)[O-].[Na+].S(=O)(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)[O-].[Na+] Chemical compound [Na+].C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)[O-].[Na+].S(=O)(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)[O-].[Na+] IZFYTNNCHWKANO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002272 anti-calculus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAAHAAMILDNBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O XAAHAAMILDNBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000625 cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 e.9- Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004195 gingiva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000001050 hortel pimenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940051866 mouthwash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CVPJXKJISAFJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-A nonacalcium;magnesium;hydrogen phosphate;iron(2+);hexaphosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Fe+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CVPJXKJISAFJDU-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 229910000392 octacalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 201000001245 periodontitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007505 plaque formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960001462 sodium cyclamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MFSDELSXOVOZBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecyl sulfate;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound [Na+].OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O MFSDELSXOVOZBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YIGWVOWKHUSYER-UHFFFAOYSA-F tetracalcium;hydrogen phosphate;diphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O YIGWVOWKHUSYER-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052591 whitlockite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
A liquid oral prebrushing composition for loosening and removing plaque present on dental surfaces comprises dialkali metal pyrophosphate salts, tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salts or mixtures thereof, together with sodium lauryl sulfate in amounts effective for removal of plaque when the composition is applied to dental surfaces.
Description
~ 2~7~67~
6468~666 . , . , . . ~ . . . , ;
PREBRUSHING PYROPHOSPHATE-CONTAINING LIOUID ORAL
COMPOSITIONS
Background of the Invention The invention is concerned with liquid oral prebrushing compositions containing pyrophosphates and sodium lauryl sulfate ~or removal of plaque before brushing with a dentifrice.
Dental plaque is present to some degree, in the form of a film, on virtually all dental surfaces. It is a by-product of microbial growth, and comprises a dense microbial layer consisting of a mass of microorganisms embedded in a polysaccharide matrix. The microorganisms present in plaque are mainly coccoidal organisms, particularly in early plaque, which, in the mouths of some persons at least, change to filamentous organisms after a few days. Plaque itself adheres firmly to dental surfaces and is removed only with difficulty even through a rigorous brushing regimen.
Moreover, plaque rapidly reforms on the tooth surface after it is removed.
Plaque may form on any part of the tooth surfaces, and is found particularly at the gingival margin, in pits and fissures in the enamel, and on the s~rface of dental calculus. As discussed in greater detail below, the danger associated with the formation of plaque on the teeth lies in the tendency of plaque to build up and eventually contribute to gingivitis, periodontitis and other types of periodontal disease, as well as dental caries and dental calculus.
More specifically, dental plaque is a precursor to the formation of the hard crystalline buildup on teeth referred to as dental calculus. Both the bacterial and the nonbacterial components of plaque mineralize to fcrm calculus, which comprises mineralized bacteria as well as organic constituents, such as epithelial cells, live bacteria, salivary proteins, leucocytes, and crystals of ' -~ 2~7467~
- ~ - ' 64680-666 substances having molecularly bound calcium and phosphorus, e.9-, hydroxyapatite, 3~Ca3( P~4 ) 2 ] CatOH) 2 1 octacalcium phosphate, Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)45H2O, brushite, Ca~PO42H2O~ and whitlockite, which is considered to have the formula beta-ca3(PO4)2- Dental plaque and, hence, calculus are particularly prone to form at the gingival margin, i.e., the junction of the tooth and gingiva. The buildup of plaque at the gingival margin is believed to be the prime cause of gingivitis and other periodontal disorders.
Regular tooth brushing with a conventional dentifrice for ~ome persons greatly retards or even prevents the accumulation of significant amounts of plaque and calculus.
For other persons, however, plaque builds up rapidly even with regular brushing, which, in turn, leads to the formation of calculus, caries, and pr~sents the danger of periodontal diseases. It is widely recognized in dentistry that a rigorcus brushing regimen alone for many individuals will not prevent the formation of significant amounts of plaque.
Mouthwashes are employed in conventional regimens of oral hygiene. Conventional mouthwashes serve primarily to sweeten the breath, are formulated for that purpose, and are believed not to function in any significant way to loosen or remove plaque from the dental surfaces. Since the user typically does not employ a conventional mouthwash expressly ; for the purpose of cleansing the teeth of plaque, mouthwashes are not routinely used immediately prior to brushing as a way of rendering plaque more amenable to removal during the subsequent brushing process. The present prebrushing compositions of the invention instead are used immediately before brushing.
Liquid oral compositions, such as mouthrinses and mouthwashes, containing sodium lauryl sulfate as a surface active agent are known, e.g. as described in U.S. Patent 35 4~666~70~o 2 ~ 7 ~
Pyrophosphate salts have been used for their anticalculus properties in toothpastes and mouthwashes according to U.S. Patent Nos. 4,590,066 and 4,684,518.
Summary of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid oral prebrushing composition for loosening and removing plaque present on dental surfaces comprising a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof, and sodium lauryl sulfate in amounts effective for removal of plaque when said composition is applied to dental surfaces.
The invention also relates to a method for loosening and removing plaque present on dental surfaces by rinsing said dental surfaces with a liquid oral prebrushing composition comprising a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof, and sodium lauryl sulfate in amounts effective for removal of plaque when said composition is applied to dental surfaces, said method further comprising the step of brushing said dental surfaces to which said prebrushing composition has been previously applied.
Detailed Description of the Invention The pyrophosphate salts useful in the present invention are dialkali metal pyrophosphate salts, tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salts and mixtures thereof. Disodium pyrophosphate (Na2H2P207) and tetrasodium pyrophosphate are the preferred salts. The pyrophosphate salt is present in an amount which is effective in the removal of plaque when the prebrushing composition is applied to dental surfaces and the dental surfaces are then brushed.
The minimum amount of P2074 which is generally required is a~out 0.3% hy weight. The maximum amount o~ P207~ depends on the solubility of the pyrophosphate salts in the rinse.
In general, the maximum amount of P207~ is about 2.5% by weight.
2~7~7~
.
The pyrophosphate salts of use in the invention are described in more detail in Kirk & Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, Volume 17, pages 454 to 456, Interscience Publishers (1982).
The sodium lauryl sulfate of use in the present invention i5 commercially available in different grades.
The sodium lauryl sulfate is present in an amount effective for the removal of plaque when the prebrushing composition of the invention is first applied to dental surfaces and the dental surfaces are then brushed. ~he amount of sodium lauryl sulfate will generally range from about 0.08 to about 2.0%, preferably about 0.08 to about 0.6%, by weight of the prebrushing composition.
The liquid carrier of the prebrushing composition of the invention generally includes water and ethanol. The amount of water preferably ranges from about 50% to about 85% by weight based on the weight of the prebrushing composition. The amount of ethanol preferably ranges from about 5% to about 25% by weight of the prebrushing composition.
The prebrushing composition of the invention preferably has an alkaline pH ranging from about 7 to about 9, usually about 7 to 8.5, since the rate of hydrolysis of the pyrophosphates increases on lowering the pH. The alkaline pH is obtained by a proper balancing of the type and amount of pyrophosphates or by addition of an alkaline or acidic agent. For instance, benzoic acid may be used to lower the pH, usually in combination with sodium benzoate. When this combination is used, the benzoate anion concentration is generally at a maximum of about 1.5% by weight of the composition, and usually about 1.0% by weight.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pH
ranges from about 7.2 to about 7.9 to obtain a composition which is stable at lower temperatures such as about 30~F.
The preferred pH is about 7.7.
2 ~7 ~7 ~
.. . . . . .
The prebrushing composition of the invention may include a humectant to give a moist feel to the mouth.
Certain humectants can also impart sweetness to the prebrushing composition. The humectant generally is present in an amount ranging from about 5 to 25% by weight of the prebrushing composition. Suitable humectants include edible polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, sorbitol, and propylene glycol.
The prebrushing composition of the invention may in addition include ingredients effective to provide flavoring and coloring. The flavorant may be a flavoring oil such as oil of peppermint, spearmint, wintergreen, eucalyptus, lemon, and orange, and sweetening agents such as sucrose, lactose, maltose, saccharine, sodium cyclamate, etc. The amount of flavoring or sweetening agent generally ranges from about 0.002% to about 0.2% of the prebrushing composition.
The liquid oral prebrushing composition of the invention is prepared by mixing the ingredients. The prebrushing composition is used in a conventional manner by applying a comfortable amount, such as one tablespoon, in the mouth, and rinsing it about the dental surfaces. A
reduction of the amount of plaque on dental surfaces is accomplished when the prebrushing composition of the invention is employed in conjunction with a conventional tooth brushing regimen.
The manner of making the prebrushing composition of the invention is illustrated by the following examples.
- : : . . .
- ~: :, ~ . , . '' . ,: : :,:
~ , ~ ' ' :
' 2~7~79 .~
- ~ - - i 64680-666 Exam~le 1 The following prebrushing composition was formulated:
Com~onents ~_~L~
Purified Water 75.6319 Glycerin 14.0000 Alcohol 7.0000 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate 1.2000 Sodium Benzoate 1.0000 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.4000 10 Disodium Pyrophosphate 0.3000 Poloxamer 407 0.3000 Flavor 0.1200 Xanthan Gum 0.0300 Sodium Saccharin 0.0100 15 PFW Flavor Enhancer 0.0075 FD&C Blue # 1 0.0004 FD&C Yellow # 5 0.0002 100.0000%
The pH of the prebrushing composition was 8.2.
Xanthan gum was slowly sprinkled in water with high speed mixing which was continued for another 20 to 30 minutes. The mixture of water and xanthan gum was heated to 450C. Tetrasodium pyrophosphate and disodium pyrophosphate were added with medium speed mixing for an additional 20 minutes. After mixing, the heat source was removed.
The following ingredients were added in the following order while ensuring batch uniformity between the addition of each ingredient:
Poloxamer 407 Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium benzoate Sodium saccharin PFW flavor enhancer FD~C Blue #1 FD&C Yellow #5 Glycerine After the addition of the glycerine, the batch was stirred for 10 minutes and then cooled to about 25~C.
The flavor was added to the alcohol, the mixture was stirred briefly, and then added to the ~atch. The entire batch was stirred for 20 minutes.
Trade-mark ~ 2~7~7~
.
Example 2 The following prebrushing composition was formulated in accordance with the procedure of Example 1:
Components % w/w Purified Water 75.5778 Glycerin 14.0000 Alcohol 7-0000 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate 1.2000 Sodium Benzoate 1.0000 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.4000 Disodium Pyrophosphate 0.3000 Poloxamer 407 0.3000 Flavor 0.1800 Xanthan Gum 0.0300 FD~C Red # 40 0.0080 Sodium Saccharin 0.0042 100. 0000%
The pH of the prebrushing composition was 8.2.
Example 3 The following prebrushing composition was formulated:
Components % w/w Purified Water 75.6719 Glycerin 14.0000 Alcohol 7.0000 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate 1.5600 Sodium Benzoate 0.3700 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.4000 Benzoic Acid 0.5300 Poloxamer 407 0.3000 Flavor 0.1200 Xanthan Gum 0.0300 Sodium Saccharin 0.0100 PFW Flavor Enhancer 0.0075 FD~C Blue # 1 0.0004 FD&C Yellow # 5 0.0002 100. 0000%
The pH of the prebrushing composition was 7.7.
Xanthan gum was slowly sprinkled into water having a temperature of 55~C with mixing for about 30 minutes until complete dispersion. When the temperature of the water was 47~C, tetrasodium pyrophosphate and benzoic acid were added with mixing for about 30 minutes until a uniform mixture was obtained. Poloxamer 407 was then added and mixed for about 30 minutes.
.
.
:
2 ~ ~ L~ ~ 7 ~
.
The following ingredien~s were added in the following order while mixing at low speed for about 30 minutes until the solution was uniform:
Sodium benzoate S Sodium saccharin Artificial candied sugar FD & C Blue #l FD & C Yellow ~5 Sodium lauryl sulfate Glycerin The batch was cooled to 30~C.
The formulation amount of alcohol was mixed with the flavor until the mixture was uniform. This mixture was added to the above batch and the entire batch was mixed for about 30 minutes.
ExamPle 4 The following prebrushing composition was formulated in accordance with the procedure of Example 3:
Components % w/w Purified Water 75.6178 Glycerin 14.0000 Alcohol 7.0000 ~etrasodium Pyrophosphate 1.5600 Sodium Benzoate 0.3700 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.4000 Benzoic Acid 0.5300 Poloxamer 407 0.3000 Flavor 0.1800 Xanthan Gum 0.0300 FD&C Red # 40 0.0080 Sodium Saccharin 0.0042 loo . oono~
The pH of the prebrushing composition was 7.7.
6468~666 . , . , . . ~ . . . , ;
PREBRUSHING PYROPHOSPHATE-CONTAINING LIOUID ORAL
COMPOSITIONS
Background of the Invention The invention is concerned with liquid oral prebrushing compositions containing pyrophosphates and sodium lauryl sulfate ~or removal of plaque before brushing with a dentifrice.
Dental plaque is present to some degree, in the form of a film, on virtually all dental surfaces. It is a by-product of microbial growth, and comprises a dense microbial layer consisting of a mass of microorganisms embedded in a polysaccharide matrix. The microorganisms present in plaque are mainly coccoidal organisms, particularly in early plaque, which, in the mouths of some persons at least, change to filamentous organisms after a few days. Plaque itself adheres firmly to dental surfaces and is removed only with difficulty even through a rigorous brushing regimen.
Moreover, plaque rapidly reforms on the tooth surface after it is removed.
Plaque may form on any part of the tooth surfaces, and is found particularly at the gingival margin, in pits and fissures in the enamel, and on the s~rface of dental calculus. As discussed in greater detail below, the danger associated with the formation of plaque on the teeth lies in the tendency of plaque to build up and eventually contribute to gingivitis, periodontitis and other types of periodontal disease, as well as dental caries and dental calculus.
More specifically, dental plaque is a precursor to the formation of the hard crystalline buildup on teeth referred to as dental calculus. Both the bacterial and the nonbacterial components of plaque mineralize to fcrm calculus, which comprises mineralized bacteria as well as organic constituents, such as epithelial cells, live bacteria, salivary proteins, leucocytes, and crystals of ' -~ 2~7467~
- ~ - ' 64680-666 substances having molecularly bound calcium and phosphorus, e.9-, hydroxyapatite, 3~Ca3( P~4 ) 2 ] CatOH) 2 1 octacalcium phosphate, Ca8(HPO4)2(PO4)45H2O, brushite, Ca~PO42H2O~ and whitlockite, which is considered to have the formula beta-ca3(PO4)2- Dental plaque and, hence, calculus are particularly prone to form at the gingival margin, i.e., the junction of the tooth and gingiva. The buildup of plaque at the gingival margin is believed to be the prime cause of gingivitis and other periodontal disorders.
Regular tooth brushing with a conventional dentifrice for ~ome persons greatly retards or even prevents the accumulation of significant amounts of plaque and calculus.
For other persons, however, plaque builds up rapidly even with regular brushing, which, in turn, leads to the formation of calculus, caries, and pr~sents the danger of periodontal diseases. It is widely recognized in dentistry that a rigorcus brushing regimen alone for many individuals will not prevent the formation of significant amounts of plaque.
Mouthwashes are employed in conventional regimens of oral hygiene. Conventional mouthwashes serve primarily to sweeten the breath, are formulated for that purpose, and are believed not to function in any significant way to loosen or remove plaque from the dental surfaces. Since the user typically does not employ a conventional mouthwash expressly ; for the purpose of cleansing the teeth of plaque, mouthwashes are not routinely used immediately prior to brushing as a way of rendering plaque more amenable to removal during the subsequent brushing process. The present prebrushing compositions of the invention instead are used immediately before brushing.
Liquid oral compositions, such as mouthrinses and mouthwashes, containing sodium lauryl sulfate as a surface active agent are known, e.g. as described in U.S. Patent 35 4~666~70~o 2 ~ 7 ~
Pyrophosphate salts have been used for their anticalculus properties in toothpastes and mouthwashes according to U.S. Patent Nos. 4,590,066 and 4,684,518.
Summary of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid oral prebrushing composition for loosening and removing plaque present on dental surfaces comprising a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof, and sodium lauryl sulfate in amounts effective for removal of plaque when said composition is applied to dental surfaces.
The invention also relates to a method for loosening and removing plaque present on dental surfaces by rinsing said dental surfaces with a liquid oral prebrushing composition comprising a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof, and sodium lauryl sulfate in amounts effective for removal of plaque when said composition is applied to dental surfaces, said method further comprising the step of brushing said dental surfaces to which said prebrushing composition has been previously applied.
Detailed Description of the Invention The pyrophosphate salts useful in the present invention are dialkali metal pyrophosphate salts, tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salts and mixtures thereof. Disodium pyrophosphate (Na2H2P207) and tetrasodium pyrophosphate are the preferred salts. The pyrophosphate salt is present in an amount which is effective in the removal of plaque when the prebrushing composition is applied to dental surfaces and the dental surfaces are then brushed.
The minimum amount of P2074 which is generally required is a~out 0.3% hy weight. The maximum amount o~ P207~ depends on the solubility of the pyrophosphate salts in the rinse.
In general, the maximum amount of P207~ is about 2.5% by weight.
2~7~7~
.
The pyrophosphate salts of use in the invention are described in more detail in Kirk & Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, Volume 17, pages 454 to 456, Interscience Publishers (1982).
The sodium lauryl sulfate of use in the present invention i5 commercially available in different grades.
The sodium lauryl sulfate is present in an amount effective for the removal of plaque when the prebrushing composition of the invention is first applied to dental surfaces and the dental surfaces are then brushed. ~he amount of sodium lauryl sulfate will generally range from about 0.08 to about 2.0%, preferably about 0.08 to about 0.6%, by weight of the prebrushing composition.
The liquid carrier of the prebrushing composition of the invention generally includes water and ethanol. The amount of water preferably ranges from about 50% to about 85% by weight based on the weight of the prebrushing composition. The amount of ethanol preferably ranges from about 5% to about 25% by weight of the prebrushing composition.
The prebrushing composition of the invention preferably has an alkaline pH ranging from about 7 to about 9, usually about 7 to 8.5, since the rate of hydrolysis of the pyrophosphates increases on lowering the pH. The alkaline pH is obtained by a proper balancing of the type and amount of pyrophosphates or by addition of an alkaline or acidic agent. For instance, benzoic acid may be used to lower the pH, usually in combination with sodium benzoate. When this combination is used, the benzoate anion concentration is generally at a maximum of about 1.5% by weight of the composition, and usually about 1.0% by weight.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pH
ranges from about 7.2 to about 7.9 to obtain a composition which is stable at lower temperatures such as about 30~F.
The preferred pH is about 7.7.
2 ~7 ~7 ~
.. . . . . .
The prebrushing composition of the invention may include a humectant to give a moist feel to the mouth.
Certain humectants can also impart sweetness to the prebrushing composition. The humectant generally is present in an amount ranging from about 5 to 25% by weight of the prebrushing composition. Suitable humectants include edible polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, sorbitol, and propylene glycol.
The prebrushing composition of the invention may in addition include ingredients effective to provide flavoring and coloring. The flavorant may be a flavoring oil such as oil of peppermint, spearmint, wintergreen, eucalyptus, lemon, and orange, and sweetening agents such as sucrose, lactose, maltose, saccharine, sodium cyclamate, etc. The amount of flavoring or sweetening agent generally ranges from about 0.002% to about 0.2% of the prebrushing composition.
The liquid oral prebrushing composition of the invention is prepared by mixing the ingredients. The prebrushing composition is used in a conventional manner by applying a comfortable amount, such as one tablespoon, in the mouth, and rinsing it about the dental surfaces. A
reduction of the amount of plaque on dental surfaces is accomplished when the prebrushing composition of the invention is employed in conjunction with a conventional tooth brushing regimen.
The manner of making the prebrushing composition of the invention is illustrated by the following examples.
- : : . . .
- ~: :, ~ . , . '' . ,: : :,:
~ , ~ ' ' :
' 2~7~79 .~
- ~ - - i 64680-666 Exam~le 1 The following prebrushing composition was formulated:
Com~onents ~_~L~
Purified Water 75.6319 Glycerin 14.0000 Alcohol 7.0000 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate 1.2000 Sodium Benzoate 1.0000 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.4000 10 Disodium Pyrophosphate 0.3000 Poloxamer 407 0.3000 Flavor 0.1200 Xanthan Gum 0.0300 Sodium Saccharin 0.0100 15 PFW Flavor Enhancer 0.0075 FD&C Blue # 1 0.0004 FD&C Yellow # 5 0.0002 100.0000%
The pH of the prebrushing composition was 8.2.
Xanthan gum was slowly sprinkled in water with high speed mixing which was continued for another 20 to 30 minutes. The mixture of water and xanthan gum was heated to 450C. Tetrasodium pyrophosphate and disodium pyrophosphate were added with medium speed mixing for an additional 20 minutes. After mixing, the heat source was removed.
The following ingredients were added in the following order while ensuring batch uniformity between the addition of each ingredient:
Poloxamer 407 Sodium lauryl sulfate Sodium benzoate Sodium saccharin PFW flavor enhancer FD~C Blue #1 FD&C Yellow #5 Glycerine After the addition of the glycerine, the batch was stirred for 10 minutes and then cooled to about 25~C.
The flavor was added to the alcohol, the mixture was stirred briefly, and then added to the ~atch. The entire batch was stirred for 20 minutes.
Trade-mark ~ 2~7~7~
.
Example 2 The following prebrushing composition was formulated in accordance with the procedure of Example 1:
Components % w/w Purified Water 75.5778 Glycerin 14.0000 Alcohol 7-0000 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate 1.2000 Sodium Benzoate 1.0000 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.4000 Disodium Pyrophosphate 0.3000 Poloxamer 407 0.3000 Flavor 0.1800 Xanthan Gum 0.0300 FD~C Red # 40 0.0080 Sodium Saccharin 0.0042 100. 0000%
The pH of the prebrushing composition was 8.2.
Example 3 The following prebrushing composition was formulated:
Components % w/w Purified Water 75.6719 Glycerin 14.0000 Alcohol 7.0000 Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate 1.5600 Sodium Benzoate 0.3700 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.4000 Benzoic Acid 0.5300 Poloxamer 407 0.3000 Flavor 0.1200 Xanthan Gum 0.0300 Sodium Saccharin 0.0100 PFW Flavor Enhancer 0.0075 FD~C Blue # 1 0.0004 FD&C Yellow # 5 0.0002 100. 0000%
The pH of the prebrushing composition was 7.7.
Xanthan gum was slowly sprinkled into water having a temperature of 55~C with mixing for about 30 minutes until complete dispersion. When the temperature of the water was 47~C, tetrasodium pyrophosphate and benzoic acid were added with mixing for about 30 minutes until a uniform mixture was obtained. Poloxamer 407 was then added and mixed for about 30 minutes.
.
.
:
2 ~ ~ L~ ~ 7 ~
.
The following ingredien~s were added in the following order while mixing at low speed for about 30 minutes until the solution was uniform:
Sodium benzoate S Sodium saccharin Artificial candied sugar FD & C Blue #l FD & C Yellow ~5 Sodium lauryl sulfate Glycerin The batch was cooled to 30~C.
The formulation amount of alcohol was mixed with the flavor until the mixture was uniform. This mixture was added to the above batch and the entire batch was mixed for about 30 minutes.
ExamPle 4 The following prebrushing composition was formulated in accordance with the procedure of Example 3:
Components % w/w Purified Water 75.6178 Glycerin 14.0000 Alcohol 7.0000 ~etrasodium Pyrophosphate 1.5600 Sodium Benzoate 0.3700 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.4000 Benzoic Acid 0.5300 Poloxamer 407 0.3000 Flavor 0.1800 Xanthan Gum 0.0300 FD&C Red # 40 0.0080 Sodium Saccharin 0.0042 loo . oono~
The pH of the prebrushing composition was 7.7.
Claims (19)
1. A stable, liquid oral prebrushing composition for loosening and removing plaque present on dental surfaces immediately before brushing, which composition has a pH of from about 7.2 to about 7.9 and comprises:
a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 0.3% by weight of P2O7 -4, and about 0.08 to about 2.0% by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate based on the weight of the prebrushing composition.
a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 0.3% by weight of P2O7 -4, and about 0.08 to about 2.0% by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate based on the weight of the prebrushing composition.
2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the composition has a pH of about 7.7.
3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein sodium lauryl sulfate is present in a range of about 0.08 to about 1.0% by weight of the composition.
4. A composition according to claim 1 comprising about 50% to about 85% by weight of water based on the weight of the composition.
5. A composition according to claim 1 comprising about 5% to about 25% by weight of ethanol based on the weight of the composition.
6. A composition according to claim 1 comprising in percentages by weight based on the weight of the prebrushing composition (a) 0.3 to 2.5% by weight of P2O7 -4, (b) 0.08 to 0.6% by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate, (c) 50 to 85% by weight of water, and (d) 5 to 25% by weight of ethanol.
7. A composition according to claim 1, which further includes a humectant.
8. A composition according to claim 7 wherein about 5 to 25% by weight of glycerine is included as the humectant.
9. A method which comprises:
rinsing dental surfaces with a liquid oral prebrushing composition for loosening and removing plaque present on the dental surfaces, wherein the prebrushing composition comprises a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 0.3% by weight of P2O7 -4 in the prebrushing composition and sodium lauryl sulfate in an amount of 0.08 to 2.0% by weight of the prebrushing composition, and immediately after that, brushing the dental surfaces to which the prebrushing composition has been previously applied.
rinsing dental surfaces with a liquid oral prebrushing composition for loosening and removing plaque present on the dental surfaces, wherein the prebrushing composition comprises a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof in an amount sufficient to provide at least about 0.3% by weight of P2O7 -4 in the prebrushing composition and sodium lauryl sulfate in an amount of 0.08 to 2.0% by weight of the prebrushing composition, and immediately after that, brushing the dental surfaces to which the prebrushing composition has been previously applied.
10. A method according to claim 9 wherein the prebrushing composition has a pH of about 7.2 to about 7.9.
11. A method according to claim 10 wherein the composition has a pH of about 7.7.
12. A method according to claim 10 wherein sodium lauryl sulfate is present in the range of about 0.08 to about 1.0% by weight of the prebrushing composition.
13. A method according to claim 10 wherein the prebrushing comprises from about 50% to about 85% by weight of water based on the weight of the prebrushing composition.
14. A method according to claim 10 wherein the prebrushing comprises about 5% to about 25% by weight of ethanol based on the weight of the prebrushing composition.
15. A method according to claim 10 wherein the prebrushing comprises in percentages by weight based on the weight of the prebrushing composition (a) 0.3 to 2.5% by weight of P2O7 -4, (b) 0.08 to 0.6% by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate, (c) 50 to 85% by weight of water, and (d) 5 to 25% by weight of ethanol.
16. A method according to claim 10 wherein the prebrushing composition includes a humectant.
17. A method according to claim 16 wherein about 5 to 25% by weight of glycerine is included in the prebrushing composition.
18. A liquid oral prebrushing composition for loosening and removing plaque present on dental surface by rinsing a mouth immediately before brushing, which composition is an aqueous solution having a pH of from about 7.2 to about 7.9 that is stable at lower temperatures and consists essentially of:
(a) a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof in an amount of 0.3 to 2.5% by weight in terms of P207 -4;
(b) sodium lauryl sulfate in an amount of 0.08 to 0.6%
by weight;
(c) water in an amount of 50 to 85% by weight; and (d) ethanol in an amount of 5 to 25% by weight.
(a) a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of a dialkali metal pyrophosphate salt, a tetraalkali metal pyrophosphate salt and a mixture thereof in an amount of 0.3 to 2.5% by weight in terms of P207 -4;
(b) sodium lauryl sulfate in an amount of 0.08 to 0.6%
by weight;
(c) water in an amount of 50 to 85% by weight; and (d) ethanol in an amount of 5 to 25% by weight.
19. A composition according to claim 18, which further contains:
(e) an edible humectant in an amount of 5 to 25% by weight.
(e) an edible humectant in an amount of 5 to 25% by weight.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US73685191A | 1991-07-29 | 1991-07-29 | |
| US07/736,851 | 1991-07-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2074679A1 CA2074679A1 (en) | 1993-01-30 |
| CA2074679C true CA2074679C (en) | 1998-09-15 |
Family
ID=24961570
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2074679 Expired - Lifetime CA2074679C (en) | 1991-07-29 | 1992-07-27 | Prebrushing pyrophosphate-containing liquid oral compositions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2074679C (en) |
-
1992
- 1992-07-27 CA CA 2074679 patent/CA2074679C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2074679A1 (en) | 1993-01-30 |
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