CA1206004A - Apparatus for gasification of solid carbonaceous material - Google Patents
Apparatus for gasification of solid carbonaceous materialInfo
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- CA1206004A CA1206004A CA000446303A CA446303A CA1206004A CA 1206004 A CA1206004 A CA 1206004A CA 000446303 A CA000446303 A CA 000446303A CA 446303 A CA446303 A CA 446303A CA 1206004 A CA1206004 A CA 1206004A
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- slag
- chamber
- discharge chamber
- slag discharge
- gasification
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Abstract
APPARATUS FOR GASIFLCATION OF SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL Abstract of the Disclosure: A gasification apparatus utilizing a molten metal bath is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a gasification chamber of the closed type, which is provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and which maintains said molten metal bath; a slag discharge chamber of the closed type, which is communicated with said gasification chamber; a means for allowing a molten slag on the molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber; a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber; a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that said molten slag in said slag discharge chamber may flow into said slag collecting chamber.
Description
APPARATUS FOR GASIF`ICATION OF SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL
sackground of the Invention This invention relates to an apparatus for gasification of a solid carbonaceous material, particularly to a gasification apparatus utilizing a molten metal bath, in which the S~eat required Eor gasifying the solid carbonaceous material is supplied through said molten metal bath. More par-ticularly, this invention relates to a gasification apparatus utilizing a molten metal bath, from which the slag formed durin~ gasification can be discharged in a continuous manner without tilting the ~urnace, in which gasification of a solid carbonaceous material such as coal, coke, etc.
lS (hereunder sometimes collectively referred to as "coal") is carried out under pressure. The gasi~ication apparatus utilizincJ a molten metal ~ath is hereinafter sometimes called a "molten metal coal gasification apparatus" or a "mol-ten iron coal gasification apparatus" for convenience.
Many types of coal gasification processes and appara~uses using a molten metal bath have been proposed in the past.
One type is found in U.S. Patents 4,388,084 and 4,389,246 in which pulverized coal, oxyqen, and other auxiliary gasification agents are blown through a top-blowing lance onto the surface of a high temperature molten metal bath prepared in a furnace. This is ~~
~z~
hereinafter called a "top-blowing" system for convenience.
There are two types of Lurnaces used therefor; one is a tlltiny-type furnace similar to an oxygen converter used for steel making, i.e. a vertical type furnace; and the other one is a fixed type box furnace, i.e. a horizontal type furnace.
The gasifica-tion furnace of the top-blowing system has the following disadvantages:
~i) Since the slag formed is built-up within the furnace after a long-run operation, resulting in a decrease in gasifica-tion efficiency, a suitable means has to be provided to discharge the slag from the furnace. In case of the tilting-type furnace, the furnace is tilted for slag discharge, and during the discharge of slag the ope~ation of gasification furnace has to be stopped. This means that it is impossible to continue the gasiication ~or a long period of time.
(ii) Since the amount of slag increases during gasification, powdery coal to be ~lown into the molten metal bath is mostly caught by slag after the slag is built-up excessively and the coal thus caught is exhausted together with the gas from the molten metal bath before it is thoroughly subjected to gasification. This increases the flying loss of powdery coal, i.e. the loss of pulverized coal entrained by the product gas before it reaches the molten metal bath. In addition, this also increases the slag loss of coal, i.e.
the loss of coal which is caught by the slag. Thus, the 6~
gasi~ication efficiency as well as the heat content oE the product gas decrease.
I].S. Patents 3,533,739 and 3,526,478 propose another type of system of coal gasification in which pulverized coal i5 blown into a mol-ten metal bath through a bottom-blowing nozzle provided in the bottom of the furnace. This system is hereinafter called a "bottom-blowing" system.
However, according to the system of the above U~S.
patents, th~ lifetime of the bottom-blowing nozzle is very short. In addition, a decrease in gasification efficiency and heat content is inevitable with this bottom-blowing system due to an inQvi-table build-up of slag during gasification, although they are not so severely reduced as in the case of the top-blowing system. This is one of the difEiculties which must be overcome in order to achieve a continuous and long-run gasi~ication operation.
Summary of the Invention One of the objects of this invention is to provide a gasification apparatus which is free from the prior art disadvantages mentioned above.
Another objec-t of this invention is to provide a solid carbonaceous material gasification apparatus with which a long, continuous operation can be achieved and an improved gasification efficiency as well as a constant supply of the product gas of a high calorie can be realized.
~6~
A further object o~ this invention is to provide a pressurized gasification apparatus in whicll a slag discharge chambe~ is provided i~side or outside the gasiEication furnace, making it possible to continuously discharge the slag without tilting the furnace or stopping the operation of the furnace.
This invention resides in a gasiEication apparatus utili.zing a molten metal bath, which comprises:
a gasification chamber of the closed type, which is provided with a product gas recovery port and a-t least one top-blowing lance, and which maintains said molten metal bath;
a slag discharge chamber of t:he closed type, which is communicated with said gasi~ication charnber;
a means Eor allowing a mol.terl slag on the molten metal ba-th i.n said gasiEi.cation chamber to :~low into said slag discharge chamber;
a pressure con-trolling means for controlling the pressure of said sl.ag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height, and a slag collecting chamber oE the closed type which collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with saia slag discharge chamber s~ that said ~nolten slag may flow from said slag discharge chamber into said s]ag collecting chamber.
The gasification furnace may be of the vertical type or of the horizontal type. ~he gasification is carried out under pressure.
According to one embodiment of this invention, a pressuri~ed yasification apparatus of the closed type utilizing a high temperature molten metal bath is provided, which comprises:
a gasification furnace of the closed type composed of a gasification chamber and a slag discharge chamber, said gasification chamber being of the closed type, being provided with a prod~lct gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and maintaining the high temperature molten metal bath, said slag discharge chamber being separated ~rom said gasification chamber by a partiti~n wall hung down from above, e.g., from the ceiling portion of said gasification furnace and b2inq in fluid communication with said gasification chamber, ~ aid partition wall allowing a molten slag on said high temperature molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber, a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber, said pressure controlling means comprising a valving ~6~
means composed of a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve for pre~ss~re control of said slag discharge chamber, a pressure measuring means for said slag discharge chamber and said gasification chamber, a means for detecting the difference in pressure between said two chambers, and a means for controlling pressure of said slag discharge .
chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten siag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which separates and collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slai3 collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that the molten slag may .Elow into said slag collecti.ng chamber.
According to another embodiment of this invention, a pressurized ~asification apparatus of the closed type utilizing a high temperature molten metal bath is provided, which comprises a gasiEication furnace of the closed type composed of a gasification chamber, said gasification chamber being of the closed type, being provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and maintaining said high temperature molten metal bath;
a slag discharge chamber provided outside of said gasification furnace, said slag discharge chamber being communicated with said gasification chamber and having a slope declined towards said gasification chamber;
a means for allowing a molten slag on the molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber;
a presC~ure controlling means ~or controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber, said pressure controlling means comprising a valving means composed of a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve ~or pressure control of said slag discharge charnber, a pressure measuring means for said slag discharge chamber and said gasification chamber, a means for detecting tne difference :in pressure between said two cha~bers, and a means for controlling pressure of said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging -the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which separates and collects the slag discharged out oE said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that the molten slag may Elow in-to said slag collecting chamber.
srieE Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic view in section of a gasification ap~ara-tus oE the horizontal type which is one of embodiments of this invention; and Fig. 2 is a schematic view in section of a gasification apparatus oE the vertical type which is another embodiment of this invention.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments Accorcling to one oE preEerred embodiments of this invention, a pressurized gasification apparatus oE the closed type is divided into a gasification cham~er and a slag disch~rge chamber by means oE a partition wall hung down frorn the ceiling portion o~ the furnace. ~oth the chambers are in Eluid comm~1nication with each other so -that the molten slay in said gasifica-tion chamber may flow into said slag discharge chamber.
A pressure controlling apparatus is also provided which comprises pressurizing and depressurizing valving for control of the pressure of the slag discharge chamber, a means for measuring the pressure each oE said gasification chamber and said slag discharge chamber, a means for detecting the difference in prossure of the two chambers, and means Eor controlling said pressurizing and depressurizing valving. By means of said pressure 3~2~
controlling apparatus, the press-lre of said slag discharge chamber is reduced to raise the level of slag within the furnace until the level of the slag in this chamber is high enough for it to be discharged.
In addition, according to this invention, in order to con-tinuously discharge the slag formed during gasification in a high pressure gasification furnace of the closed type, the slag discharge chamber is provided and a slag collecting chamber of the closed -type is also provided outside the furnace, the slag collecting chamber being also in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that a molten slag on ~he molten metal bath in the gasification chamber may freely Elow into the slag collectinc3 chamber through a discharge port, i.e., a means Eor discharging the molten slag Erom said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slacJ in said slag diacharge chambe~- reaches a predetermined height.
The embodiments of this invention mentioned above will be further described in conjunction with Fig. 1 of the drawings attached hereto.
~ ig. 1 shows one example of this invention in which a slag discharge chamber is provided within a gasiEication furnace oE the horizontal type. A box-shaped gasification furnace 1 is divided into a gasification chamber 3 and a ~5 slag discharge chamber 4 by means of a parti-tion wall 2 suspended from the ceiling portion of the furnace. At the ceiling portion of the gasification chamber non-immersing-type multihoLe lances 5, 5', 5" are provided, through eachof which coal, oxygen, ~;lnd other au.~iliary agents isuch as steam~ can be blown into the molten metal bath. There is also provided a cast iron-charging port 6, which also serves as an inlet port for auxiliary raw materials. A product gas recovery port 7 is also provided. Reerence numeral 8 :indicates a ~apping port ~or molten steel.
l`he partition wall 2 is cooled with water-cooling piping or air-cooling piping, etc. embedded therein so that the wall may resist mechanical stress (caused by the dif~erence in pressure o~ the gasification chamber and the slag discharge chamber~ and corrosive attack by slag.
'rhe slag buil-t up in the slag discharge chamber 4 is passed throuclh a discharge port ~ providecl at a suitable level into a slac3 collecting chamber 10. It is preferable to design the slag dischar~e port ~ to decline towards the outside of the furnace so as to promote the downwards flow of the slag to the slag collecting chamber 10.
The reference figures Vl, V2 indicate pressure reducing 2Q valves for use in control of the pressure of slag discharge chamber 4 J 11 indicates an inlet of a high pressure gas for use in the control of the pressure of the slag discharge chamber 4, V3 is a high pressure valve therefor, and Pl, P2 are means for measuring the pressures of the gasification chamber 3 and the slag discharge chamber 4, respectively.
Reference numeral l2 indicates a detector of the difference in pressure of the two chambers, 13 is a pressure ~?O 60 ~ 4 controlling apparatus which actuates said pressure reducing valve Vl, V2 and high pressure valve V3. Namely~ as is apparent from the drawing, the pressure-controlling mechanism of the slag discharge cha~ber 4 co~prises pressure reducing valves Vl, V2, a high pressure gas inlet 11, a high pressure valve V3, pressure-measuring means P~, P2, a -pressure difference detector 12, and a pressure controlling apparatus 13.
In carrying cut gasification of coal using the yasification furnace shown in Fig. 1, molten iron at a ternperature oE about 1500C is maintained withi.n the gasificatioll :Eurnace :l. Into the thus prepared molten iron bath, coal, oY~ygen, and other auxiliary agents such as steam are blown throu~h the non-immersing-type multihole lances 5, 5'~ 5". At the same time, auxiliary raw materials such as a slag adjust:ing agent are aclded to the melt through a cast iron-charging port 60 A high pressure gas formed in the gasification chamber 3 is recovered through a product gas recovery port 7. On the other hand, the slag formed during gasification is moved through the area between the furnace bottom and the lower end of the partition wall 2 into the slag discharge chamber 4. The difference in pressure of the gasification chamber 3 and the slag discharge chamber 4 is suitably adjusted by means of the pressure controlling apparatus 13 such that the level of the molten slag is not as high as the level of the discharge port 9. As the gasification proceeds, the slag 16 6~
is b~lilt up on a molten metal bath 15 within the furnace.
When it is necessary to discharge the slag Erom the furnace, the level of the slag within the slag discharge chamber 4 is raised by reducing the pressure of the chamber 4 by means oE
pressure reducing valves Vl, V2 until the slag level in the chamber 4 goes up beyond the level o~ the port ~. The thus discharged slag is ,oassed to the slag collecting chcl~ber 10.
A-ter a given amount of slag is discharged out of the furnace 1, the level of the slag is lowered by increasing the pressure of the slag discharge chamber. The pressure is increased by supplying a high pressure gas such as high pressure nitrogen gas into the chamber 4 through a hiyh pressure gas inlet ll by means oE the high pressure valve v3.
Then the pressures of the gasi t ication chamber 3 and ~he slag discharge chamber ~ are measured by the pressure-measuring means Pl, P2. The difference in pressure between the two chambers is determined by means of the detector 12.
On the basis of the thus determined pressure difference, the ~o levels oE the slag in the gasification charnber 3 and -the slag discharge chamber 4 are con~rolled. When the level of slag within the slag discharge chamber 4 is kept at a level higher than a predetermined one, e.g., the level of the discharge port 9, it is possible to continue the discharge of slag during gasiication. When the slag is maintained for a while in the slag discharge chamber 4, the molten iron entrained by the slag may be separated therefrom into the ~2~6~
molten iron bath due to the difference in density of the slag and molten iron.
Another preferred embodiment of this invention will be described in conjunction with Fig. 2, in which the slag discharge chamber is pro~ided outside the furnace.
As is shown in Fiq. 2, a gasification furnace 21 of the vertical type which constitutes a gasification chamher comprises a slag discharge path 22 in the wall portion thereoL and a steel tapping port 23 on the bottom thereof.
Along the slag discharge path 22, a slag discharge chamber 24 having an inclined wall is provided in f].uid communication with the furnace 21. Between a slag discharge port 25 and a slag collectin~ chamber 26, reducing valves Vll, V12, a high pressure gas blowing nozzle 27, and a high pressure va:Lve V13 are provided SO as to control the pressure of the slag discharge chamber 24. P~l and Pl2 indicate pressure measuring means, 2~ indicates a means Eor detecting the difEerence in pressure oE the gasiEication chamber 21 and the slay discharge chamber 24, and 29 is a pressure controlling means.
Through a multihole top-blowing lance 30 of the non-immersing-type, pulverized coal, oxygen, and an auxiliary agent such as steam are blown into the molten metal bath.
The slag discharge chamber 24 is inclined towards the outside of the furnace. Thus, it is possible to control the slag level by controlling the pressure in the same manner as in the case of Fig. 1. it is also possible to carry out a continuous discharge oE the sl~g ~7i~hout tilting the furllace. Molten iron entra~ned by the slag is separated Erom the slag in the upwardly inclined slag discharge chamber and is returned to the molten bath. It is preEerable that the slag path be also upwardly inclinedO
In carrying out gasiEication with the apparatus shvwn in Yig. 2~ coal, oxygen, and steam, etc. are blown through -the top-blowing lance 30 into the molten metal bath 31 in the same manner as in Fig. 1. The product gas is recovered through a yas recovery port (not shown). When the slag 32 has built Ul? to a certain level, lt is necessary to discharge the slag. At. thls poin~., the pressure of the slag discharge chamber 2~ is reducecl by means oE reducillg valves VlL, V12 throuc3h a pressure controlling apparatus 29 so that the liquid level of molten slag i!3 raised. That is, the liquid level ~f the molten slag oE the slag discharge chamber 24 is increased until the slag is discharged through the slag discharging port 25. After a given amount of slag has flown out of the furnace, the pressure of the slag dischar~e chamber is raised by supplying a high pressure gas such as nitrogen gas through a high pressure gas blowing nozzle 27 so that the pressure of the slag discharge chamber 24 is raised to a predetermined level sufficient to lower the liquid level of the slag. Then the pressure each of the gasiEication chamber 21 and the slag discharge chamber 24 are determined by means of the pressure measuring means Pll, P12, respectively, and then the difference in pressure of the two chambers is determined by means of the pressure difference detecting means 28, and -the difference is then controlled b~ means of the pressure controlling means 29 so as to keep the liquid levels of the two chambers at predetermined levels. When the li~uid level of the slag discharge chamber 24 is kept at the same level as that of the slag discharge port 25, a continuous discharge of slag is possib]e. In addition, since the slag discharge chamber 24 is angled downwards toward the gasification chamber ~1, the molten iron entrained by the slag is separated from the slag and returned to the molten metal bath during residence in the slag discharge chamber due to the diEference in speci-Eic gravity oE the slag and n,lolten iron.
Thus, according to this invention, it is possible to carry out a continuous discharge oE sla~ during operation without tilting the furnace merely by controlling the pressures of the gasification charnber and the slag discharge chamber. Therefore, it is possib:Le to carry out coal gasification for long periods. In addition, since it is possible to keep the liquid slag level at the same level during operation, the fly loss of the input coal and the slag loss of coal which is caught by slag before it reaches the molten metal bath are markedly reduced, resulting in a remarkable increase in gasification efficiency and heat content of the product gas. In addition, most sulfur contained in the coal which is blown into the molten iron lZO~
bath is caught by slag during gasifica~ion, and so the product gas is substantially free of such contaminant components.
Furthermore, according -to this invention, the gasification apparatus is of the closed type, so the liquid level of -the molten slag may be controlled by adjusting the pressure of each oE the chambers, and since the product gas is pressurized, it need not be pressurized prior to use.
This invention will be described in conjunction with some working examples thereof, which are presented merely Eor illustrative purposes and which do not restrict this invention in any way.
xample 1 15 40 tons of molten iron having a composition of 3~ of C, 1~ oE S, 0.1~ of P a-t 1500C were charged into a coal gasification Eurnace having the same structure as that shown in Fig. 1 with the following dimensions. Pulveri~ed coal, 80% or more of which was minus 20Q mesh and had the analytical composition shown in Table 1, was introduced to the furnace at a rate of 6~7 tons/hr. to efEect gasification.
(1) Furnace:
Effective Length: 5 m Effective Width : 3 m Effective Height: 3 m 6~
sackground of the Invention This invention relates to an apparatus for gasification of a solid carbonaceous material, particularly to a gasification apparatus utilizing a molten metal bath, in which the S~eat required Eor gasifying the solid carbonaceous material is supplied through said molten metal bath. More par-ticularly, this invention relates to a gasification apparatus utilizing a molten metal bath, from which the slag formed durin~ gasification can be discharged in a continuous manner without tilting the ~urnace, in which gasification of a solid carbonaceous material such as coal, coke, etc.
lS (hereunder sometimes collectively referred to as "coal") is carried out under pressure. The gasi~ication apparatus utilizincJ a molten metal ~ath is hereinafter sometimes called a "molten metal coal gasification apparatus" or a "mol-ten iron coal gasification apparatus" for convenience.
Many types of coal gasification processes and appara~uses using a molten metal bath have been proposed in the past.
One type is found in U.S. Patents 4,388,084 and 4,389,246 in which pulverized coal, oxyqen, and other auxiliary gasification agents are blown through a top-blowing lance onto the surface of a high temperature molten metal bath prepared in a furnace. This is ~~
~z~
hereinafter called a "top-blowing" system for convenience.
There are two types of Lurnaces used therefor; one is a tlltiny-type furnace similar to an oxygen converter used for steel making, i.e. a vertical type furnace; and the other one is a fixed type box furnace, i.e. a horizontal type furnace.
The gasifica-tion furnace of the top-blowing system has the following disadvantages:
~i) Since the slag formed is built-up within the furnace after a long-run operation, resulting in a decrease in gasifica-tion efficiency, a suitable means has to be provided to discharge the slag from the furnace. In case of the tilting-type furnace, the furnace is tilted for slag discharge, and during the discharge of slag the ope~ation of gasification furnace has to be stopped. This means that it is impossible to continue the gasiication ~or a long period of time.
(ii) Since the amount of slag increases during gasification, powdery coal to be ~lown into the molten metal bath is mostly caught by slag after the slag is built-up excessively and the coal thus caught is exhausted together with the gas from the molten metal bath before it is thoroughly subjected to gasification. This increases the flying loss of powdery coal, i.e. the loss of pulverized coal entrained by the product gas before it reaches the molten metal bath. In addition, this also increases the slag loss of coal, i.e.
the loss of coal which is caught by the slag. Thus, the 6~
gasi~ication efficiency as well as the heat content oE the product gas decrease.
I].S. Patents 3,533,739 and 3,526,478 propose another type of system of coal gasification in which pulverized coal i5 blown into a mol-ten metal bath through a bottom-blowing nozzle provided in the bottom of the furnace. This system is hereinafter called a "bottom-blowing" system.
However, according to the system of the above U~S.
patents, th~ lifetime of the bottom-blowing nozzle is very short. In addition, a decrease in gasification efficiency and heat content is inevitable with this bottom-blowing system due to an inQvi-table build-up of slag during gasification, although they are not so severely reduced as in the case of the top-blowing system. This is one of the difEiculties which must be overcome in order to achieve a continuous and long-run gasi~ication operation.
Summary of the Invention One of the objects of this invention is to provide a gasification apparatus which is free from the prior art disadvantages mentioned above.
Another objec-t of this invention is to provide a solid carbonaceous material gasification apparatus with which a long, continuous operation can be achieved and an improved gasification efficiency as well as a constant supply of the product gas of a high calorie can be realized.
~6~
A further object o~ this invention is to provide a pressurized gasification apparatus in whicll a slag discharge chambe~ is provided i~side or outside the gasiEication furnace, making it possible to continuously discharge the slag without tilting the furnace or stopping the operation of the furnace.
This invention resides in a gasiEication apparatus utili.zing a molten metal bath, which comprises:
a gasification chamber of the closed type, which is provided with a product gas recovery port and a-t least one top-blowing lance, and which maintains said molten metal bath;
a slag discharge chamber of t:he closed type, which is communicated with said gasi~ication charnber;
a means Eor allowing a mol.terl slag on the molten metal ba-th i.n said gasiEi.cation chamber to :~low into said slag discharge chamber;
a pressure con-trolling means for controlling the pressure of said sl.ag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height, and a slag collecting chamber oE the closed type which collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with saia slag discharge chamber s~ that said ~nolten slag may flow from said slag discharge chamber into said s]ag collecting chamber.
The gasification furnace may be of the vertical type or of the horizontal type. ~he gasification is carried out under pressure.
According to one embodiment of this invention, a pressuri~ed yasification apparatus of the closed type utilizing a high temperature molten metal bath is provided, which comprises:
a gasification furnace of the closed type composed of a gasification chamber and a slag discharge chamber, said gasification chamber being of the closed type, being provided with a prod~lct gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and maintaining the high temperature molten metal bath, said slag discharge chamber being separated ~rom said gasification chamber by a partiti~n wall hung down from above, e.g., from the ceiling portion of said gasification furnace and b2inq in fluid communication with said gasification chamber, ~ aid partition wall allowing a molten slag on said high temperature molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber, a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber, said pressure controlling means comprising a valving ~6~
means composed of a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve for pre~ss~re control of said slag discharge chamber, a pressure measuring means for said slag discharge chamber and said gasification chamber, a means for detecting the difference in pressure between said two chambers, and a means for controlling pressure of said slag discharge .
chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten siag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which separates and collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slai3 collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that the molten slag may .Elow into said slag collecti.ng chamber.
According to another embodiment of this invention, a pressurized ~asification apparatus of the closed type utilizing a high temperature molten metal bath is provided, which comprises a gasiEication furnace of the closed type composed of a gasification chamber, said gasification chamber being of the closed type, being provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and maintaining said high temperature molten metal bath;
a slag discharge chamber provided outside of said gasification furnace, said slag discharge chamber being communicated with said gasification chamber and having a slope declined towards said gasification chamber;
a means for allowing a molten slag on the molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber;
a presC~ure controlling means ~or controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber, said pressure controlling means comprising a valving means composed of a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve ~or pressure control of said slag discharge charnber, a pressure measuring means for said slag discharge chamber and said gasification chamber, a means for detecting tne difference :in pressure between said two cha~bers, and a means for controlling pressure of said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging -the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which separates and collects the slag discharged out oE said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that the molten slag may Elow in-to said slag collecting chamber.
srieE Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic view in section of a gasification ap~ara-tus oE the horizontal type which is one of embodiments of this invention; and Fig. 2 is a schematic view in section of a gasification apparatus oE the vertical type which is another embodiment of this invention.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments Accorcling to one oE preEerred embodiments of this invention, a pressurized gasification apparatus oE the closed type is divided into a gasification cham~er and a slag disch~rge chamber by means oE a partition wall hung down frorn the ceiling portion o~ the furnace. ~oth the chambers are in Eluid comm~1nication with each other so -that the molten slay in said gasifica-tion chamber may flow into said slag discharge chamber.
A pressure controlling apparatus is also provided which comprises pressurizing and depressurizing valving for control of the pressure of the slag discharge chamber, a means for measuring the pressure each oE said gasification chamber and said slag discharge chamber, a means for detecting the difference in prossure of the two chambers, and means Eor controlling said pressurizing and depressurizing valving. By means of said pressure 3~2~
controlling apparatus, the press-lre of said slag discharge chamber is reduced to raise the level of slag within the furnace until the level of the slag in this chamber is high enough for it to be discharged.
In addition, according to this invention, in order to con-tinuously discharge the slag formed during gasification in a high pressure gasification furnace of the closed type, the slag discharge chamber is provided and a slag collecting chamber of the closed -type is also provided outside the furnace, the slag collecting chamber being also in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that a molten slag on ~he molten metal bath in the gasification chamber may freely Elow into the slag collectinc3 chamber through a discharge port, i.e., a means Eor discharging the molten slag Erom said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slacJ in said slag diacharge chambe~- reaches a predetermined height.
The embodiments of this invention mentioned above will be further described in conjunction with Fig. 1 of the drawings attached hereto.
~ ig. 1 shows one example of this invention in which a slag discharge chamber is provided within a gasiEication furnace oE the horizontal type. A box-shaped gasification furnace 1 is divided into a gasification chamber 3 and a ~5 slag discharge chamber 4 by means of a parti-tion wall 2 suspended from the ceiling portion of the furnace. At the ceiling portion of the gasification chamber non-immersing-type multihoLe lances 5, 5', 5" are provided, through eachof which coal, oxygen, ~;lnd other au.~iliary agents isuch as steam~ can be blown into the molten metal bath. There is also provided a cast iron-charging port 6, which also serves as an inlet port for auxiliary raw materials. A product gas recovery port 7 is also provided. Reerence numeral 8 :indicates a ~apping port ~or molten steel.
l`he partition wall 2 is cooled with water-cooling piping or air-cooling piping, etc. embedded therein so that the wall may resist mechanical stress (caused by the dif~erence in pressure o~ the gasification chamber and the slag discharge chamber~ and corrosive attack by slag.
'rhe slag buil-t up in the slag discharge chamber 4 is passed throuclh a discharge port ~ providecl at a suitable level into a slac3 collecting chamber 10. It is preferable to design the slag dischar~e port ~ to decline towards the outside of the furnace so as to promote the downwards flow of the slag to the slag collecting chamber 10.
The reference figures Vl, V2 indicate pressure reducing 2Q valves for use in control of the pressure of slag discharge chamber 4 J 11 indicates an inlet of a high pressure gas for use in the control of the pressure of the slag discharge chamber 4, V3 is a high pressure valve therefor, and Pl, P2 are means for measuring the pressures of the gasification chamber 3 and the slag discharge chamber 4, respectively.
Reference numeral l2 indicates a detector of the difference in pressure of the two chambers, 13 is a pressure ~?O 60 ~ 4 controlling apparatus which actuates said pressure reducing valve Vl, V2 and high pressure valve V3. Namely~ as is apparent from the drawing, the pressure-controlling mechanism of the slag discharge cha~ber 4 co~prises pressure reducing valves Vl, V2, a high pressure gas inlet 11, a high pressure valve V3, pressure-measuring means P~, P2, a -pressure difference detector 12, and a pressure controlling apparatus 13.
In carrying cut gasification of coal using the yasification furnace shown in Fig. 1, molten iron at a ternperature oE about 1500C is maintained withi.n the gasificatioll :Eurnace :l. Into the thus prepared molten iron bath, coal, oY~ygen, and other auxiliary agents such as steam are blown throu~h the non-immersing-type multihole lances 5, 5'~ 5". At the same time, auxiliary raw materials such as a slag adjust:ing agent are aclded to the melt through a cast iron-charging port 60 A high pressure gas formed in the gasification chamber 3 is recovered through a product gas recovery port 7. On the other hand, the slag formed during gasification is moved through the area between the furnace bottom and the lower end of the partition wall 2 into the slag discharge chamber 4. The difference in pressure of the gasification chamber 3 and the slag discharge chamber 4 is suitably adjusted by means of the pressure controlling apparatus 13 such that the level of the molten slag is not as high as the level of the discharge port 9. As the gasification proceeds, the slag 16 6~
is b~lilt up on a molten metal bath 15 within the furnace.
When it is necessary to discharge the slag Erom the furnace, the level of the slag within the slag discharge chamber 4 is raised by reducing the pressure of the chamber 4 by means oE
pressure reducing valves Vl, V2 until the slag level in the chamber 4 goes up beyond the level o~ the port ~. The thus discharged slag is ,oassed to the slag collecting chcl~ber 10.
A-ter a given amount of slag is discharged out of the furnace 1, the level of the slag is lowered by increasing the pressure of the slag discharge chamber. The pressure is increased by supplying a high pressure gas such as high pressure nitrogen gas into the chamber 4 through a hiyh pressure gas inlet ll by means oE the high pressure valve v3.
Then the pressures of the gasi t ication chamber 3 and ~he slag discharge chamber ~ are measured by the pressure-measuring means Pl, P2. The difference in pressure between the two chambers is determined by means of the detector 12.
On the basis of the thus determined pressure difference, the ~o levels oE the slag in the gasification charnber 3 and -the slag discharge chamber 4 are con~rolled. When the level of slag within the slag discharge chamber 4 is kept at a level higher than a predetermined one, e.g., the level of the discharge port 9, it is possible to continue the discharge of slag during gasiication. When the slag is maintained for a while in the slag discharge chamber 4, the molten iron entrained by the slag may be separated therefrom into the ~2~6~
molten iron bath due to the difference in density of the slag and molten iron.
Another preferred embodiment of this invention will be described in conjunction with Fig. 2, in which the slag discharge chamber is pro~ided outside the furnace.
As is shown in Fiq. 2, a gasification furnace 21 of the vertical type which constitutes a gasification chamher comprises a slag discharge path 22 in the wall portion thereoL and a steel tapping port 23 on the bottom thereof.
Along the slag discharge path 22, a slag discharge chamber 24 having an inclined wall is provided in f].uid communication with the furnace 21. Between a slag discharge port 25 and a slag collectin~ chamber 26, reducing valves Vll, V12, a high pressure gas blowing nozzle 27, and a high pressure va:Lve V13 are provided SO as to control the pressure of the slag discharge chamber 24. P~l and Pl2 indicate pressure measuring means, 2~ indicates a means Eor detecting the difEerence in pressure oE the gasiEication chamber 21 and the slay discharge chamber 24, and 29 is a pressure controlling means.
Through a multihole top-blowing lance 30 of the non-immersing-type, pulverized coal, oxygen, and an auxiliary agent such as steam are blown into the molten metal bath.
The slag discharge chamber 24 is inclined towards the outside of the furnace. Thus, it is possible to control the slag level by controlling the pressure in the same manner as in the case of Fig. 1. it is also possible to carry out a continuous discharge oE the sl~g ~7i~hout tilting the furllace. Molten iron entra~ned by the slag is separated Erom the slag in the upwardly inclined slag discharge chamber and is returned to the molten bath. It is preEerable that the slag path be also upwardly inclinedO
In carrying out gasiEication with the apparatus shvwn in Yig. 2~ coal, oxygen, and steam, etc. are blown through -the top-blowing lance 30 into the molten metal bath 31 in the same manner as in Fig. 1. The product gas is recovered through a yas recovery port (not shown). When the slag 32 has built Ul? to a certain level, lt is necessary to discharge the slag. At. thls poin~., the pressure of the slag discharge chamber 2~ is reducecl by means oE reducillg valves VlL, V12 throuc3h a pressure controlling apparatus 29 so that the liquid level of molten slag i!3 raised. That is, the liquid level ~f the molten slag oE the slag discharge chamber 24 is increased until the slag is discharged through the slag discharging port 25. After a given amount of slag has flown out of the furnace, the pressure of the slag dischar~e chamber is raised by supplying a high pressure gas such as nitrogen gas through a high pressure gas blowing nozzle 27 so that the pressure of the slag discharge chamber 24 is raised to a predetermined level sufficient to lower the liquid level of the slag. Then the pressure each of the gasiEication chamber 21 and the slag discharge chamber 24 are determined by means of the pressure measuring means Pll, P12, respectively, and then the difference in pressure of the two chambers is determined by means of the pressure difference detecting means 28, and -the difference is then controlled b~ means of the pressure controlling means 29 so as to keep the liquid levels of the two chambers at predetermined levels. When the li~uid level of the slag discharge chamber 24 is kept at the same level as that of the slag discharge port 25, a continuous discharge of slag is possib]e. In addition, since the slag discharge chamber 24 is angled downwards toward the gasification chamber ~1, the molten iron entrained by the slag is separated from the slag and returned to the molten metal bath during residence in the slag discharge chamber due to the diEference in speci-Eic gravity oE the slag and n,lolten iron.
Thus, according to this invention, it is possible to carry out a continuous discharge oE sla~ during operation without tilting the furnace merely by controlling the pressures of the gasification charnber and the slag discharge chamber. Therefore, it is possib:Le to carry out coal gasification for long periods. In addition, since it is possible to keep the liquid slag level at the same level during operation, the fly loss of the input coal and the slag loss of coal which is caught by slag before it reaches the molten metal bath are markedly reduced, resulting in a remarkable increase in gasification efficiency and heat content of the product gas. In addition, most sulfur contained in the coal which is blown into the molten iron lZO~
bath is caught by slag during gasifica~ion, and so the product gas is substantially free of such contaminant components.
Furthermore, according -to this invention, the gasification apparatus is of the closed type, so the liquid level of -the molten slag may be controlled by adjusting the pressure of each oE the chambers, and since the product gas is pressurized, it need not be pressurized prior to use.
This invention will be described in conjunction with some working examples thereof, which are presented merely Eor illustrative purposes and which do not restrict this invention in any way.
xample 1 15 40 tons of molten iron having a composition of 3~ of C, 1~ oE S, 0.1~ of P a-t 1500C were charged into a coal gasification Eurnace having the same structure as that shown in Fig. 1 with the following dimensions. Pulveri~ed coal, 80% or more of which was minus 20Q mesh and had the analytical composition shown in Table 1, was introduced to the furnace at a rate of 6~7 tons/hr. to efEect gasification.
(1) Furnace:
Effective Length: 5 m Effective Width : 3 m Effective Height: 3 m 6~
(2) Gasi~ication Chamber:
Effective Volurne: 38 m
Effective Volurne: 38 m
(3) Slag Discharge Chamber:
Effective Volume: 6 m3
Effective Volume: 6 m3
(4) Distance between the Lower End of Partition Wall and Furnace ~ottom: 0.7 m (S) Height of Slag ~ischarge Port from the Furnace Bottomo 1.1 m I'able 1 Iweight %) Fc~ Ash r Moisturë~
1~4.3_1 5.2 1 1 ~ L7-9 L 0.8 1 8.0 1 2.2 , .
O~ygen ~as used as a gasification agent was blown at the rate of 4000 Nm~/hr, and steam was supplied as an auxiliary agent at 100~ kg/hr. The pressures of the gasiEication chamber and the slag discharge chamber were kept at 3 kgJcm2 and 2.8 kg~cm2, respectively. The pressure 20 of this slag discharge chamber was reduced -to 2.4 - 2.0 kg/cm while discharging the slagO The high pressure gas for use in controlling the pressure of the slag discharge chamber was 15 m~ of nitrogen gas at a pressure of 9 kg/cm2.
.~fter continuous running for 100 days under the above-2~ menti¢ned conditions, the average compositioll of the productgas was determined. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
As is apparent therefrom, the product gas was clean and was substa~tially E~ee of contaminant components. The average volume of the product gas was 15000 Nm3/hr. The recovery of carbon in coal, i.e. the ratio of carbon content of the product gas to -that in the coal supplied was as high as g~%.
The composition of the slag formed during gasification is shown in Table 3. The basicity thereof was 1.2 and the prod~lction was 1100 ~g/hr on the average Table 2 (Volume%~
_ ---- r ~ -----CO C02 H2 N2 ¦ 2 CH4 H2S~COS
_ ~ __ _~_ _ . _ _I
60 4 30 6 ¦ 0 0 300~pprn),max.
_ Table 3 (Weight%) ri2 ¦ A1~03 ¦ CaO ~ ~g~ r 2 1 P2O5 r e . i _ . ~ _ _ ~
257 25 38 0 0 3.0 0.2 . _ .. __ _ __ . . ~_ Exam~le 2 40 tons of molten iron having the same composition as that used in Example 1 was charged to a coal gasification furnace having the same structure as that shown in Fig. 2 with the following dimensions. Pulverized coal having the same chemical composition and paticle size as that used in Example 1 was introduced to the furnace at a rate of 6.7 tons/hr to effect gasification thereof.
(1) Furnace:
Maximum Inner Diameter : 4 m Ef~ective Furnace Height: 7 m (2) Slas Discharge Chamber:
~fEective Inner Volume : 0.1 m3 Inclination Angle :30 (3) Height oE the Slag Discharge Port from the Furnace Bottom : 0.5 m AEter continuous running for 100 days under the same conditions ax in ~xample 1, the average composition of the gas product gas was determined. The results of determination are shown in Table 4 below. As is apparent therefrom, in this case, too, the product gas was clean and was suh~tantially Eree oE contaminant components. The average gas volume was 15000 Nm3/hr. The recovery of carbon in coal was as high as 99~. The composition of the slag formed during gasification is shown in Table 5. The basicity was 1.2 and the production was 1100 ~gJhr on the average~
Table 4 (Volume~) r r 2 r 2 ¦ N2 ¦ 2 ¦ C~4 ¦ H2S+COS
_ - - ~ t~
60 4 30 6 1 0 0 300(ppm),max.
_~ ~ .
~z~
Table 5 (Weight~) ~ ____ ~
S:LO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO TiO2 P2O5 FeO S
, _ _~
7 25 3~ 0 0 3.0 0.2 ~ _ _ _ _ _ __ ~ .
As is apparent to those skilled in the art, according t(a the apparatus of th:is invention, it is possible to carry out a continuous gasification for a long period of time without stopping the operation even when the slag is being discharged, resulting in a remark~bly increased gasification eEEiciency. Thus, this inventi~n is very much advantageous from a practical vi.ew.
Although this invention has been described ~ith respect to preferred embodiments r it is to be understood tha-t variations and modifications may be employed without departing ~rom the concept of this invention as defined in the ollowin~ claims.
1~4.3_1 5.2 1 1 ~ L7-9 L 0.8 1 8.0 1 2.2 , .
O~ygen ~as used as a gasification agent was blown at the rate of 4000 Nm~/hr, and steam was supplied as an auxiliary agent at 100~ kg/hr. The pressures of the gasiEication chamber and the slag discharge chamber were kept at 3 kgJcm2 and 2.8 kg~cm2, respectively. The pressure 20 of this slag discharge chamber was reduced -to 2.4 - 2.0 kg/cm while discharging the slagO The high pressure gas for use in controlling the pressure of the slag discharge chamber was 15 m~ of nitrogen gas at a pressure of 9 kg/cm2.
.~fter continuous running for 100 days under the above-2~ menti¢ned conditions, the average compositioll of the productgas was determined. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
As is apparent therefrom, the product gas was clean and was substa~tially E~ee of contaminant components. The average volume of the product gas was 15000 Nm3/hr. The recovery of carbon in coal, i.e. the ratio of carbon content of the product gas to -that in the coal supplied was as high as g~%.
The composition of the slag formed during gasification is shown in Table 3. The basicity thereof was 1.2 and the prod~lction was 1100 ~g/hr on the average Table 2 (Volume%~
_ ---- r ~ -----CO C02 H2 N2 ¦ 2 CH4 H2S~COS
_ ~ __ _~_ _ . _ _I
60 4 30 6 ¦ 0 0 300~pprn),max.
_ Table 3 (Weight%) ri2 ¦ A1~03 ¦ CaO ~ ~g~ r 2 1 P2O5 r e . i _ . ~ _ _ ~
257 25 38 0 0 3.0 0.2 . _ .. __ _ __ . . ~_ Exam~le 2 40 tons of molten iron having the same composition as that used in Example 1 was charged to a coal gasification furnace having the same structure as that shown in Fig. 2 with the following dimensions. Pulverized coal having the same chemical composition and paticle size as that used in Example 1 was introduced to the furnace at a rate of 6.7 tons/hr to effect gasification thereof.
(1) Furnace:
Maximum Inner Diameter : 4 m Ef~ective Furnace Height: 7 m (2) Slas Discharge Chamber:
~fEective Inner Volume : 0.1 m3 Inclination Angle :30 (3) Height oE the Slag Discharge Port from the Furnace Bottom : 0.5 m AEter continuous running for 100 days under the same conditions ax in ~xample 1, the average composition of the gas product gas was determined. The results of determination are shown in Table 4 below. As is apparent therefrom, in this case, too, the product gas was clean and was suh~tantially Eree oE contaminant components. The average gas volume was 15000 Nm3/hr. The recovery of carbon in coal was as high as 99~. The composition of the slag formed during gasification is shown in Table 5. The basicity was 1.2 and the production was 1100 ~gJhr on the average~
Table 4 (Volume~) r r 2 r 2 ¦ N2 ¦ 2 ¦ C~4 ¦ H2S+COS
_ - - ~ t~
60 4 30 6 1 0 0 300(ppm),max.
_~ ~ .
~z~
Table 5 (Weight~) ~ ____ ~
S:LO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO TiO2 P2O5 FeO S
, _ _~
7 25 3~ 0 0 3.0 0.2 ~ _ _ _ _ _ __ ~ .
As is apparent to those skilled in the art, according t(a the apparatus of th:is invention, it is possible to carry out a continuous gasification for a long period of time without stopping the operation even when the slag is being discharged, resulting in a remark~bly increased gasification eEEiciency. Thus, this inventi~n is very much advantageous from a practical vi.ew.
Although this invention has been described ~ith respect to preferred embodiments r it is to be understood tha-t variations and modifications may be employed without departing ~rom the concept of this invention as defined in the ollowin~ claims.
Claims (3)
1. A gasification apparatus utilizing a molten metal bath, which comprises:
a gasification chamber of the closed type, which is provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and which maintains said molten metal bath;
a slag discharge chamber of the closed type, which is communicated with said gasification chamber;
a means for allowing a molten slag on the molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber;
a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that said molten slag in said slag discharge chamber may flow into said slag collecting chamber.
a gasification chamber of the closed type, which is provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and which maintains said molten metal bath;
a slag discharge chamber of the closed type, which is communicated with said gasification chamber;
a means for allowing a molten slag on the molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber;
a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that said molten slag in said slag discharge chamber may flow into said slag collecting chamber.
2. A pressurized gasification apparatus of the closed type utilizing a high temperature molten metal bath, which comprises:
a gasification furnace of the closed type composed of a gasification chamber and a slag discharge chamber;
said gasification chamber being of the closed type, being provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and maintaining said high temperature molten metal bath, said slag discharge chamber being separated from said gasification chamber by a partition wall hung down from above and being in fluid communication with said gasification chamber, said partition wall allowing a molten slag on said high temperature molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber;
a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber, said pressure controlling means comprising a valving means composed of a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve for pressure control of said slag discharge chamber, a pressure measuring means for said slag discharge chamber and said gasification chamber, a means for detecting the difference in pressure between said two chambers, and a means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which separates and collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber may flow into said slag collecting chamber.
a gasification furnace of the closed type composed of a gasification chamber and a slag discharge chamber;
said gasification chamber being of the closed type, being provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and maintaining said high temperature molten metal bath, said slag discharge chamber being separated from said gasification chamber by a partition wall hung down from above and being in fluid communication with said gasification chamber, said partition wall allowing a molten slag on said high temperature molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber;
a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber, said pressure controlling means comprising a valving means composed of a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve for pressure control of said slag discharge chamber, a pressure measuring means for said slag discharge chamber and said gasification chamber, a means for detecting the difference in pressure between said two chambers, and a means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which separates and collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber may flow into said slag collecting chamber.
3. A pressurized gasification apparatus of the closed type utilizing a high temperature molten metal bath, which comprises:
A gasification furnace of the closed type composed of a gasification chamber, said gasification chamber being of the closed type, being provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and maintaining said high temperature molten metal bath;
a slag discharge chamber provided outside of said gasification furnace, said slag discharge chamber being communicated with said gasification chamber and having a slope declined towards said gasification chamber;
a means for allowing a molten slag on the molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber;
a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber, said pressure controlling means comprising a valving means composed of a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve for pressure control of said slag discharge chamber, a pressure measuring means for said slag discharge chamber and said gasification chamber, a means for detecting the difference in pressure between said two chambers, and a means for controlling pressure of said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which separates and collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber may flow into said slag collecting chamber.
A gasification furnace of the closed type composed of a gasification chamber, said gasification chamber being of the closed type, being provided with a product gas recovery port and at least one top-blowing lance, and maintaining said high temperature molten metal bath;
a slag discharge chamber provided outside of said gasification furnace, said slag discharge chamber being communicated with said gasification chamber and having a slope declined towards said gasification chamber;
a means for allowing a molten slag on the molten metal bath in said gasification chamber to flow into said slag discharge chamber;
a pressure controlling means for controlling the pressure of said slag discharge chamber so as to control the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber, said pressure controlling means comprising a valving means composed of a pressurizing valve and a reducing valve for pressure control of said slag discharge chamber, a pressure measuring means for said slag discharge chamber and said gasification chamber, a means for detecting the difference in pressure between said two chambers, and a means for controlling pressure of said slag discharge chamber;
a means for discharging the molten slag from said slag discharge chamber when the level of the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber reaches a predetermined height; and a slag collecting chamber of the closed type which separates and collects the slag discharged out of said slag discharge chamber, said slag collecting chamber being in fluid communication with said slag discharge chamber so that the molten slag in said slag discharge chamber may flow into said slag collecting chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000446303A CA1206004A (en) | 1984-01-30 | 1984-01-30 | Apparatus for gasification of solid carbonaceous material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000446303A CA1206004A (en) | 1984-01-30 | 1984-01-30 | Apparatus for gasification of solid carbonaceous material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1206004A true CA1206004A (en) | 1986-06-17 |
Family
ID=4127055
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000446303A Expired CA1206004A (en) | 1984-01-30 | 1984-01-30 | Apparatus for gasification of solid carbonaceous material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1206004A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108223005A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-06-29 | 永煤集团股份有限公司 | Horizontal deslagging water discharging device and deslagging drainage system |
-
1984
- 1984-01-30 CA CA000446303A patent/CA1206004A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108223005A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-06-29 | 永煤集团股份有限公司 | Horizontal deslagging water discharging device and deslagging drainage system |
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