CA1292112C - Tongue and groove profile - Google Patents
Tongue and groove profileInfo
- Publication number
- CA1292112C CA1292112C CA000561653A CA561653A CA1292112C CA 1292112 C CA1292112 C CA 1292112C CA 000561653 A CA000561653 A CA 000561653A CA 561653 A CA561653 A CA 561653A CA 1292112 C CA1292112 C CA 1292112C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tongue
- groove
- panel
- edge
- essentially
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000005182 tip of the tongue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0107—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04F2201/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with a continuous tongue or groove
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04F2201/028—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections connected by tongues and grooves with triangular shape
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A tongue and groove plywood panel in which the tongue comprises a protruding lip having a triangular cross-section extending along the length of a first essentially convex edge. The essentially convex edge is formed by sloping surfaces that slope away from the junctions of the tongue and the first edge to the upper and lower veneers of the panel.
The groove comprises a triangular cavity formed in a second essentially concave edge opposite the first essentially convex edge. The second essentially concave edge is formed with inwardly sloping surfaces that slope inwardly from the upper and lower veneers of the panel to the groove to form a shallow essentially concave channel along the second edge to guide and direct the tongue into the groove. When the panel is joined to a similar panel, the tongue of one panel engages the groove of the other and the veneers of the joined panels are spaced slightly at the joint due to the sloping surfaces of the first essentially convex edge sloping away from the adjacent sloping surfaces of the second edge of the joined panel. Such an arrangement allows for swelling of the tongue and groove joint of the present invention due to moisture without the buildup of internal stresses which would tend to cause buckling at the joint.
A tongue and groove plywood panel in which the tongue comprises a protruding lip having a triangular cross-section extending along the length of a first essentially convex edge. The essentially convex edge is formed by sloping surfaces that slope away from the junctions of the tongue and the first edge to the upper and lower veneers of the panel.
The groove comprises a triangular cavity formed in a second essentially concave edge opposite the first essentially convex edge. The second essentially concave edge is formed with inwardly sloping surfaces that slope inwardly from the upper and lower veneers of the panel to the groove to form a shallow essentially concave channel along the second edge to guide and direct the tongue into the groove. When the panel is joined to a similar panel, the tongue of one panel engages the groove of the other and the veneers of the joined panels are spaced slightly at the joint due to the sloping surfaces of the first essentially convex edge sloping away from the adjacent sloping surfaces of the second edge of the joined panel. Such an arrangement allows for swelling of the tongue and groove joint of the present invention due to moisture without the buildup of internal stresses which would tend to cause buckling at the joint.
Description
~Z~3Z~ ~
This invention relates to a plywood panel having a tongue ancl groove configuration on their side edges.
Tongue and groove plywood panels are used commonly in the constructiOn industry as sub-flooring panels. In the construction of a sub-floor, these panels span the distance between the floor joists of a building with the intarlocking tongue and groove side edges of adjacent panels serving to support the panels against deflection between the joists while the end edges of the panels are located over and supported by the joists.
Applicant's Canadian patent 914,370 discloses a tongue and groove plywood panel of the type mentioned above. Patent 914,370 discloses a tongue and groove arrangement in which the upper veneers of two adjacent panels are spaced slightly apart at the joint by virtue of a tongue that is slightly longer than the groove is cleep. This arrangement allows for swelling of the plywood panel due to moisture~ Such swelling often happens as it is common building practice -to form the sub-flooring at an early stage in the erection of buildings so that the sub-flooring is exposed to rain and other weather conditions. If the adjacent panels are not spaced along the tongue and groove joint, any swelling of the panel tends to ~g2~
be borne by the butted edges of the joint causing a ridge to form in the top surface of the panel which must be sanded down or otherwise treated to avoid marring the final floor covering.
In applying the final floor covering, the sp~ce between the upper surEaces of adjacen-t panels is filled in by a filling agent or by the adhesive used in the application of the final covering in order ko form a smoo-th base.
The present invention offers an improved tongue and groove plywood panel to that disclosed in Canadian Patent 914,370. The present invention comprises a tongue and groove plywood panel in which the tongue comprises a protruding lip having a triangular cross-section extending along the length of a first essentially convex edge, said first essentially convex edge being formed by sloping surfaces that slope away from the junctions of said tongue and saicl firs-t edge to the upper and lower veneers of the panel, and the groove comprises a triangular cavity formed in a second essentially concave edge opposite said first essentially convex edge~
said second essentially concave edge being formed with inwardly sloping surfaces that slope inwardly from the upper and lower veneers of the panel to the groove to or~ a shallow essen-tially concave channel along said second edge -to guide and direct said tongue into said groove, the -tongue having a tip and the groove having a base, so that when the ~2~12~Z
panel is joined to a similar panel, the tip of -the tongue of one panel will engage the base of the groove of the other, and the veneers of the joined panels will be spaced slightly at the joint due to the sloping surfaces of said first essentially convex edge sloping away from the adjacent sloping surfaces of said second essentially concave edge of the joined panel.
Using the tongue and groove profile of the present invention' it has been found that mating -the abutted edges of the panel is easier as compared to existing tongue and groove joints as the triangular tongue tends to centre in the triangular groove.
In addition, the present tongue and groove panels provide a high strength joint having a large load transfer capacity.
The present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows the tongue and groove edges of a first em~odiment of the present invention immediately prior to assembly.
Figure ~ shows the panels of Figure 1 after assembly.
lZ9Z~ 2 Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention using a blunted tongue and groove configuration.
Referring to Figure 1, there are shown -two panels 10 and 11 which are similar in all respects, each having a tongue 12 along one side edge and a groove 14 formed in the opposite side edge.
Tongue 12 has a triangular cross-section and is formed in a preferred embodiment within a single veneer layer of the plywood panel. Above and below tongue 12, angled faces 20 and 22 slope away from tongue 12 to meet with the upper and lower surfaces of the panel giving the edge of the panel an essentially convex shape.
Groove 14 comprises a triangular cavity separating inwardly sloping faces 24 and 25 and cut along the side edge of the panel opposite the tongue edge. Like the tongue 12, groove 14 is preferably formed within a single veneer layer of the panel. The location of the groove is fixed by indexing from the upper surface of the panel as is the location of the tongue so that when a joint is made between two panels the upper surfaces of the panels will be substantially co-planar. To avoid the possibility of mis-assembly, it is convenient to identify the surfaces of the panels as top and bottom.
~25~Z~1 ~
The panels of Figure 1 are shown joined in Figure 2.
Tongue 12 being longer than g.roove 14 is deep and sloping surfaoes 20 and 22 sloping away from sloping faces 24 and 25 of -the grooved edge combine to create a gap between the upper veneers of the panels which allows for swelling of the panels after joining. As well, the angle included between the surfaces of tongue 12 is less than the ang].e included between the faces of groove 14 so tha-t free space is left between the tongue and the groove to allow for e~pansion of the tongue.
By sloping surfaces 24 and 25 of the grooved edge, the resulting concave edge serves to guide and direct tongue 12 into groove 14.
Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention in which the base of groove 14 and the tip of tongue 12 are ormed into flat surfaces 30 and 32 respectivel~.
The tongue and groove panels of the present invention provide a joint that is resistant to internal stresses that build up due to moisture induced swelling. The gap between adjoining panels and the clearance provided between a tongue 12 inserted in a groove 14 allow for swelling of the wood in the 30int due to moisture without the resulting internal stresses that would otherwise cause buckling of the joint.
~29~
The tongue and groove panels of the present invention provides a high strength joint. When panels joined according to the present invention are loaded, forces are transferred from panel to panel along the tip of the tongue housed in the bottom of a groove where the bending moment applied to the groove is at a minimum. As the load increases, the tongue 12 will tend to bend slightly transferring the load across a sloped face of groove 14.
Due to the triangular cross section of tongue 12 gradually increasing in thickness, the section modulus of the tongue cross section also increases as the arm of the mo~ent applied to the tongue increases. This arrangement provides for a gradual and optimum transfer OI forces in th~ joint and results in a high load transfer capacity.
It is understood that the panels of the present invention can be constructed of any thickness and any number of plies. In the case of plywood panels having more than three plie~, tongue 12 and groove 14 may extend into multiple veneer layers of plywood.
In the above description plywood is described.
Ho~ever, it will be immediately apparent to the skilled worker that the invention is al~o applicable to non-veneer, ho~ogeneous boards, for example oriented or random strand boards, for example waferboard, particle board and similar panels.
This invention relates to a plywood panel having a tongue ancl groove configuration on their side edges.
Tongue and groove plywood panels are used commonly in the constructiOn industry as sub-flooring panels. In the construction of a sub-floor, these panels span the distance between the floor joists of a building with the intarlocking tongue and groove side edges of adjacent panels serving to support the panels against deflection between the joists while the end edges of the panels are located over and supported by the joists.
Applicant's Canadian patent 914,370 discloses a tongue and groove plywood panel of the type mentioned above. Patent 914,370 discloses a tongue and groove arrangement in which the upper veneers of two adjacent panels are spaced slightly apart at the joint by virtue of a tongue that is slightly longer than the groove is cleep. This arrangement allows for swelling of the plywood panel due to moisture~ Such swelling often happens as it is common building practice -to form the sub-flooring at an early stage in the erection of buildings so that the sub-flooring is exposed to rain and other weather conditions. If the adjacent panels are not spaced along the tongue and groove joint, any swelling of the panel tends to ~g2~
be borne by the butted edges of the joint causing a ridge to form in the top surface of the panel which must be sanded down or otherwise treated to avoid marring the final floor covering.
In applying the final floor covering, the sp~ce between the upper surEaces of adjacen-t panels is filled in by a filling agent or by the adhesive used in the application of the final covering in order ko form a smoo-th base.
The present invention offers an improved tongue and groove plywood panel to that disclosed in Canadian Patent 914,370. The present invention comprises a tongue and groove plywood panel in which the tongue comprises a protruding lip having a triangular cross-section extending along the length of a first essentially convex edge, said first essentially convex edge being formed by sloping surfaces that slope away from the junctions of said tongue and saicl firs-t edge to the upper and lower veneers of the panel, and the groove comprises a triangular cavity formed in a second essentially concave edge opposite said first essentially convex edge~
said second essentially concave edge being formed with inwardly sloping surfaces that slope inwardly from the upper and lower veneers of the panel to the groove to or~ a shallow essen-tially concave channel along said second edge -to guide and direct said tongue into said groove, the -tongue having a tip and the groove having a base, so that when the ~2~12~Z
panel is joined to a similar panel, the tip of -the tongue of one panel will engage the base of the groove of the other, and the veneers of the joined panels will be spaced slightly at the joint due to the sloping surfaces of said first essentially convex edge sloping away from the adjacent sloping surfaces of said second essentially concave edge of the joined panel.
Using the tongue and groove profile of the present invention' it has been found that mating -the abutted edges of the panel is easier as compared to existing tongue and groove joints as the triangular tongue tends to centre in the triangular groove.
In addition, the present tongue and groove panels provide a high strength joint having a large load transfer capacity.
The present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows the tongue and groove edges of a first em~odiment of the present invention immediately prior to assembly.
Figure ~ shows the panels of Figure 1 after assembly.
lZ9Z~ 2 Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention using a blunted tongue and groove configuration.
Referring to Figure 1, there are shown -two panels 10 and 11 which are similar in all respects, each having a tongue 12 along one side edge and a groove 14 formed in the opposite side edge.
Tongue 12 has a triangular cross-section and is formed in a preferred embodiment within a single veneer layer of the plywood panel. Above and below tongue 12, angled faces 20 and 22 slope away from tongue 12 to meet with the upper and lower surfaces of the panel giving the edge of the panel an essentially convex shape.
Groove 14 comprises a triangular cavity separating inwardly sloping faces 24 and 25 and cut along the side edge of the panel opposite the tongue edge. Like the tongue 12, groove 14 is preferably formed within a single veneer layer of the panel. The location of the groove is fixed by indexing from the upper surface of the panel as is the location of the tongue so that when a joint is made between two panels the upper surfaces of the panels will be substantially co-planar. To avoid the possibility of mis-assembly, it is convenient to identify the surfaces of the panels as top and bottom.
~25~Z~1 ~
The panels of Figure 1 are shown joined in Figure 2.
Tongue 12 being longer than g.roove 14 is deep and sloping surfaoes 20 and 22 sloping away from sloping faces 24 and 25 of -the grooved edge combine to create a gap between the upper veneers of the panels which allows for swelling of the panels after joining. As well, the angle included between the surfaces of tongue 12 is less than the ang].e included between the faces of groove 14 so tha-t free space is left between the tongue and the groove to allow for e~pansion of the tongue.
By sloping surfaces 24 and 25 of the grooved edge, the resulting concave edge serves to guide and direct tongue 12 into groove 14.
Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention in which the base of groove 14 and the tip of tongue 12 are ormed into flat surfaces 30 and 32 respectivel~.
The tongue and groove panels of the present invention provide a joint that is resistant to internal stresses that build up due to moisture induced swelling. The gap between adjoining panels and the clearance provided between a tongue 12 inserted in a groove 14 allow for swelling of the wood in the 30int due to moisture without the resulting internal stresses that would otherwise cause buckling of the joint.
~29~
The tongue and groove panels of the present invention provides a high strength joint. When panels joined according to the present invention are loaded, forces are transferred from panel to panel along the tip of the tongue housed in the bottom of a groove where the bending moment applied to the groove is at a minimum. As the load increases, the tongue 12 will tend to bend slightly transferring the load across a sloped face of groove 14.
Due to the triangular cross section of tongue 12 gradually increasing in thickness, the section modulus of the tongue cross section also increases as the arm of the mo~ent applied to the tongue increases. This arrangement provides for a gradual and optimum transfer OI forces in th~ joint and results in a high load transfer capacity.
It is understood that the panels of the present invention can be constructed of any thickness and any number of plies. In the case of plywood panels having more than three plie~, tongue 12 and groove 14 may extend into multiple veneer layers of plywood.
In the above description plywood is described.
Ho~ever, it will be immediately apparent to the skilled worker that the invention is al~o applicable to non-veneer, ho~ogeneous boards, for example oriented or random strand boards, for example waferboard, particle board and similar panels.
Claims (6)
1. A tongue and groove plywood panel in which the tongue comprises a protruding lip having a triangular cross-section extending along the length of a first essentially convex edge, said first essentially convex edge being formed by sloping surfaces that slope away from the junctions of said tongue and said first edge to the upper and lower veneers of the panel, and the groove comprises a triangular cavity formed in a second essentially concave edge opposite said first essentially convex edge, said second essentially concave edge being formed with inwardly sloping surfaces that slope inwardly from the upper and lower veneers of the panel to the groove to form a shallow essentially concave channel along said second edge to guide and direct said tongue into said groove, the tongue having a tip and the groove having a base, so that when the panel is joined to a similar panel, the tip of the tongue of one panel will engage the base of the groove of the other, and the veneers of the joined panels will be spaced slightly at the joint due to the sloping surfaces of said first essentially convex edge sloping away from the adjacent sloping surfaces of said second essentially concave edge of the joined panel.
2. A tongue and groove panel as claimed in claim 1 in which the angle included between the surfaces of said triangular tongue is less than the angle included between the faces of said triangular groove.
3. A tongue and groove panel as claimed in claim 1 in which said tongue and groove are formed in a single veneer layer of the plywood sheet and do not extend into adjacent layers.
4. A tongue and groove panel as claimed in claim 1 in which said tongue is longer than said groove is deep.
5. A tongue and groove panel as claimed in claim 1 in which said tip of the tongue is flat and lies in a plane substantially normal to the plane of the veneers.
6. A tongue and groove panel as claimed in claim 1 in which said base of the groove is flat and lies in a plane substantially normal to the plane of the veneers.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000561653A CA1292112C (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1988-03-16 | Tongue and groove profile |
| GB8905685A GB2216976B (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1989-03-13 | Tongue and groove profile |
| JP6491689A JPH0663346B2 (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1989-03-16 | Tongue joint structure panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000561653A CA1292112C (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1988-03-16 | Tongue and groove profile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1292112C true CA1292112C (en) | 1991-11-19 |
Family
ID=4137652
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000561653A Expired - Lifetime CA1292112C (en) | 1988-03-16 | 1988-03-16 | Tongue and groove profile |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0663346B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1292112C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2216976B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5336531A (en) * | 1990-02-06 | 1994-08-09 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Magneto-optical disk and manufacturing methods thereof |
| US7610731B1 (en) | 2005-01-10 | 2009-11-03 | Comc, Llc | Snap together floor structure |
| GB2467470B (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2010-10-06 | Comc Llc | Modular flooring assemblies |
| US7543417B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2009-06-09 | Comc, Llc | Modular flooring assemblies |
| BRMU8502680U (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-07-24 | Jacob Abrahams | provisions introduced for joining elements of subfloor forming planks |
| US8230654B2 (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2012-07-31 | Comc, Llc | Medallion insert for modular flooring assemblies |
| US8782989B2 (en) | 2009-06-11 | 2014-07-22 | Comc, Llc | Narrow lined modular flooring assemblies |
| NL2003019C2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-15 | 4Sight Innovation Bv | FLOOR PANEL AND FLOOR COVERAGE CONSISING OF MULTIPLE OF SUCH FLOOR PANELS. |
| PL3219870T3 (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2020-11-02 | I4F Licensing Nv | Panel interconnectable with similar panels for forming a covering |
| USD928988S1 (en) | 2014-02-26 | 2021-08-24 | I4F Licensing Nv | Panel interconnectable with similar panels for forming a covering |
| DK3031998T3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2018-01-08 | Innovations4Flooring Holding N V | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
| NL2018781B1 (en) | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-05 | Innovations4Flooring Holding N V | Panel and covering |
| CN114293732B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-05-31 | 安徽森泰木塑科技地板有限公司 | Composite floor and production process thereof |
-
1988
- 1988-03-16 CA CA000561653A patent/CA1292112C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-03-13 GB GB8905685A patent/GB2216976B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-16 JP JP6491689A patent/JPH0663346B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2216976B (en) | 1991-12-04 |
| JPH0224450A (en) | 1990-01-26 |
| GB2216976A (en) | 1989-10-18 |
| GB8905685D0 (en) | 1989-04-26 |
| JPH0663346B2 (en) | 1994-08-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4807416A (en) | Tongue and groove profile | |
| US5165816A (en) | Tongue and groove profile | |
| EP1349994B1 (en) | Flooring system comprising a plurality of mechanically joinable floorboards | |
| CA1292112C (en) | Tongue and groove profile | |
| CA1042621A (en) | Pressed-in dovetail type joint | |
| US5267425A (en) | I-beam joint | |
| US6769218B2 (en) | Floorboard and locking system therefor | |
| US6098365A (en) | Radius tongue and groove profile | |
| US7003924B2 (en) | Parquet board | |
| US4191000A (en) | Wooden I-beam | |
| US6675544B1 (en) | Composite wood panels having tongue and groove edges | |
| RU2491393C2 (en) | Method to make longitudinal joint for wooden structural elements, and also appropriate wooden structural element | |
| RU2289004C2 (en) | Floor panel with pressurizing tools | |
| RU2387768C2 (en) | Panel, in particular for floor covering | |
| CA1129167A (en) | Panel assembly | |
| AU2002217740A1 (en) | Floorboard and locking system | |
| KR20090023554A (en) | Flooring profile | |
| JPS6259749A (en) | Wooden i-shaped beam and its production | |
| US5079894A (en) | Wooden X-beam | |
| US6397548B1 (en) | Radius tongue and groove profile | |
| CA2149981A1 (en) | Monocoque staircase and method for joining wooden pieces | |
| US4974389A (en) | Wooden structural member | |
| CA1065116A (en) | Fabricated wood beam | |
| CA2210406C (en) | Butt joint hanger for drywall construction | |
| CA3128798A1 (en) | Tongue-and-groove panel for improved interpanel fit |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |