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CA1113814A - Cascading solar heater, and method of manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Cascading solar heater, and method of manufacture thereof

Info

Publication number
CA1113814A
CA1113814A CA315,447A CA315447A CA1113814A CA 1113814 A CA1113814 A CA 1113814A CA 315447 A CA315447 A CA 315447A CA 1113814 A CA1113814 A CA 1113814A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
mattress
permeable
solar
sun
films
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA315,447A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Bednarick
Pierre Charbonnier
Michel Ronc
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elf Antar France
Original Assignee
Elf France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7734725A external-priority patent/FR2409464A1/en
Priority claimed from FR7816167A external-priority patent/FR2427191A1/en
Application filed by Elf France SA filed Critical Elf France SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1113814A publication Critical patent/CA1113814A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/52Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material
    • F24S80/525Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material made of plastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022Non-woven fabric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/55Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/60Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids trickling freely over absorbing elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24All layers being polymeric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/02Cellular or porous
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10Fibres of continuous length
    • B32B2305/20Fibres of continuous length in the form of a non-woven mat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402Coloured
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/71Resistive to light or to UV
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/726Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04Polyethylene
    • B32B2323/043HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/04Polyethylene
    • B32B2323/046LDPE, i.e. low density polyethylene
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/10Polypropylene
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/06PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/12Polyvinylhalogenides containing fluorine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2333/00Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2369/00Polycarbonates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2377/00Polyamides
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44Heat exchange systems

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Carpets (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

PRECIS DE LA DIVULGATION

Structure composite déroulable de capteur solaire à
ruissellement dite tapis solaire, adaptable à toute surface con-venablement orientée. Cette structure est constituée d'un matelas thermoplastique de structure non tissée coextrudé de part et d'autre avec deux feuilles de matériau thermoplastique, soudées sur les bords pour assurer l'étanchéité, l'une étant exposée au soleil et perméable au rayonnement solaire, l'autre servant de support étanche au ruissellement du liquide calo-porteur circulant dans le matelas non tissé. La circulation de ce fluide est assurée par des collecteurs d'alimentation dans la partie haute et de réception dans la partie basse.
PRECISION OF DISCLOSURE

Unrollable composite structure of solar collector runoff known as solar carpet, adaptable to any surface veniently oriented. This structure consists of a thermoplastic mattress with non-woven structure coextruded on both sides with two sheets of thermoplastic material, welded on the edges to seal, one being exposed to the sun and permeable to solar radiation, the other serving as a watertight support for the runoff of the liquid carrier circulating in the nonwoven mattress. The circulation of this fluid is provided by supply manifolds in the upper part and reception in the lower part.

Description

~ a pr~sente invention a pour obJet un capteur solair0 à ruisaellement, qui peut être stocké en rouleau, pre;t ~ etre po~, découp~ et as~embl~ aux dimensions de supportæ quelconques de préf~rence isolants. Elle concerne également le proced~ de fabrication de ce type de capteur et ~es aE~plications au chauffa- ~ ' ~e de~ piscines et ~ la fourniture d'eau chaude sanitaire.
~ a Sociét~ Demanderesse a déj~ déc:rit dan~ la demande française 76 35345 du 24 novembre 1976 un capteur ~ ruisselle-ment e~sentiellement constitué dtun ~upport plan, recouvert d'un tapis fibreu~ et éventuellement d'une couverture transparente p~ur r~aliser l'effet de ~erre. ~e support e~t de pr~f~rence i~olant, orient~ ver~ le sud et pr~ente une inclinai~on appro-priée. Ce capteur e~t caractéri~é, en outre, par un dispositif de distribution du liquide caloporteur, qui comporte ~ l'entr~e de la di~tribution une retenue de liquide dan~ laquelle trempe l'extrémité supérieure du tapi~ ~ibreux, a~urant ain~i une impr~nation automatique et un ~coulement homogène par gravit~
à travers le tapi~ fibreux.
Dans le cas où 1'on di~poge une couverture tran~parente, vitre ou film plastiquet un cadre pour maintenir cette couverture et de~ di~po~itif~ d'~tanch~it~ ~ont nece~aire~.
~ e mode de réali~ation nouveau et ~conomique de capteur solaire ~ ruis~ellement propo3~ par la présente demande, est caractéri~é en ce que la paroi tran~parente e~t remplacée par un film plastique tran~parent appliqué direc~ement a la ~urface du tapi~ fibreux et lié ~ ce dernier par tout moyen approprié~
pulv~ri~ation au pistolet, collage, soudure, ou e~t réalisé par glaçQge ou fusion partielle de la ~urface du tapiY.
~ e film plastique ain~i formé tend à prévenir 1'~vapo-30 ration de l' eau tout en maintenant un effet de ~erre quelque peur~duit par rapport aux paroi~ tran~parente~ montée~ en ch~ssi~.

-- 1 ~ ,., * publiée sous le n 2, 372, 397 ~
B
.

~ a fibre devient ainsi le support de la couverture transparente, ce qui permet de faire l'écono~ie de la couverture transparente en ~erre ou en plastique, des joints d'étanchéité
et du ch~ssis porteur de cette paroi, la fi~re peut elle~m8~e être disposée sur un support étanche soudé sur les bords au film transparent et constituer ainsi un Tapis solaire.
Cette technique nouvelle est particulièrement avanta-geuse dans le cas o~ il y a concommitance de paramètres très favorables tels ~ue: ~ort ensoleillement, température extérieure élevée, demande d'une eau à une température d'utilisation de 20 à 40C. C'est le cas des piscines de plein air, ou de l'eau sanitaire dans les camps de vacances d'été. Pour ces applica-tions, on peut utiliser comme support du tapis fibreux toute surface correctement inclinée et orientée, voisine du lieu d'uti-lisation telle que toiture d'un local technique ou construction avoisinante, talus, sol, aire bétonnée ou carrelée faiblement inclinée, toit de tribune, de stade, etc.
La réalisation du film transparent re~êtant directe-ment la surface du tapis fibreux peut être effectuée de diverses matières.
Il est donc revendiqué ici un tapis solaire pouvant être stocké en rouleaux et comportant essentiellement un matelas perméable à un fluide caloporteur et en matériau ~ibreux soudé
entre deux feuilles de matériau thermoplastique dont au moins une est perméable au rayonnement solaire, et des collecteurs d'entrée et de sortie communiquant a~ec ledit matelas en des endroits de celui-ci espacés les uns des autres.
Il est également revendiqué un procédé de fabrication d'un tapis solaire comportant un matelas perméable a un iluide 3~ caloporteur et en un matériau fibreux, matelas soudé entre deux films de matéxiau thermoplastique dont un est permeable au rayonnement solaire et l'autre sert de support etanche au B r P~

ruissellement du'liquide caloporteur, procédé essentiellement caractérisé en ce que l'on obtient lesdi.ts films chacun d'une extrudeuse~ en ce ~ue lesdits ~iLms ainsi extrudés alimentent respectivement un côté dlune filière de coextrusion, en ce que ledit matelas permeable alimente la partie centrale de ladite filière de coextrusion; en ce que l'on soude simultané-ment, dans'ladite filiere de coextrusion., lesd.its films et matelas pour former un ensemble, et en ce que deu~ extrém.ités opposées dudit ensemble sont ensuite solidarisées à des col~ec-teurs tubulaires dudit liquide caloporteur pour assurer la circulation de ce dernier au travers dudit matelas.
De toute façon, les caractéristiques et a~antages de l'invention apparaitront mieux apr~s la description qui suit, d'exemples de réalisation 'donnés à titre explicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels:
- la figure 1 représente, en coupe, un.premier mode de réalisation de capteur à ruissellement, - la figure 2 représente, en coupe, un second mode de realisation de capteur à ruissellemen.ti - la figure 3 représente un. montage sur un support du tapis solaire co.nforme à l'invention2 - la figure 4 représente une vari.ante de m~ntage du tapis solaire de l'invention;
- la figure 5 représente un schéma général du di~po-sitif de co-extrusion;
la figure 6 repr~sente un tube collecteur;
- la figure 7 représente une section droite d'un tube collecteur fixé ~ la structure complexe par collage et soudure;
- la flgure 8 repré~ente une sectlDn droi-te d'un tube collecteur profil~ obtenu par extrusion;
- la figure 9 représente le dispositif assurant les soudures latérales du tapis.
Selon un premier mode de réalieation,repr~senté ~ur la figure 1, le tapis Pibreux 1 di~po~é sur le support 3, est enduit sur sa surface ~upérieure, d'un ~ilm 2, en .une résine thermo-plastique d'inclusion, ayant un ~pectre d'absorption permettant la pénetration maximum de l'énergie solaire et étant opaque dan~ 1'infrarouge lointain.
- ~e film est réalisé in situ par enduction a l'aide de moyen~ connus tels que pistolet, rouleau ~ enduire, spatule, etcO .
Selon un second mode de réalisation représenté ~ur la figure 2, on applique un film transparent à la ~urface du tapis fibreux qu'on rend solidaire de celui-ci par collage, soudure ou tout moyen approprié et compatible aveo la na-ture de la fibre et du ~ilm. Ce film peut être en po~yéthylène 9 en méthacrylate, en polyfluorure de vinyle, etc. .
Pour un a~pect esth~-tique et pour éviter au maximum la formation de buee, pré~udiciable à la transparence du film, donc à la p~nétration du rayonnement dans la fibre 9 le contac-t fibre-film doit etre le plus intime poe~ible ~'~tanchéité peut être as~ur~e en repliant le film sur le pourtour du tapis entre le support 3 et la fibre comme on peut le voi~ en 4.
~ e collage, gr~ce à une re~ine de méthacrylate par exemple, polymérisée sur place, présente de nombreux avantages ~ ~ ~ 3~
Cette ré~ine est invisible, transparente, peu sen~ible au rayonnement ultra~iolet, peu su~ette au vieillissement et est un adhésif trè~ efficace. ~e film transparent thermopla~tique est, ou peut ~tre traité pour 8tre rendu peu ~ensible au vieillissement dû au rayonnement ultra-violet.
Selon un troi~ième mode préférentiel de réalisation, on peut d~rouler sur un support quelconque, un mat~riau compo-site, dit tapis solaire, constitué d'un matelas thermopla3tique de structure non ti~sée, fibreu~e, alvéolaire ou feutrée, per~
mettant le rui~sellement du liquide caloporteur, ledit matela~
adhérant de part ~et dlautre ~ deux feuilles de matériau -ther-mopla~tique dont l'une au moins expos~e au soleil est transpa-rente, l'autre étant le support étanche au ruissellement. Ces feuilles sont soudées sur les bords pour a~surer l'étanchéit~
de la structure composite. ~e capteur ~ rui~sellement ainsi réalisé peut être stocké en rouleau prêt à etre po~é, découpa-ble et assemblable aux dimen~ion~ de ~upports quelconques, de préférence i~olants, l'alimentation en fluide caloporteur étant assurée par des goulottes-~urverses d'alimentation et de~ gou-lottes de reprise dans les partie~ basse~.
Il e~t possible d'as~ocier à l'élément de capteur àruissellement un isolant tel que matelas de laine de verre ou autre matériau isolant enroulable sur la face opposée à la face d'exposit~on solaire sans modifier son caractère d~roula-ble et découpable à volont~ "
La figure 3 représente un premier di~positif de monta- '^`
ge de oe type de capteur solaire. On reoonna~t ~ur cette figure le matela3 fibreux, feutré ou alv~olaire 1, adhér~nt ~ deux feuilles de plastique 2, dont celle ~ituée ~ la partie supérieure e~t en un thermopla~tique ayant un spectre d'ab~orption permett~nt 1'entrée maximum de l'énergie ~olaire et opaque dans 1'infra-rouge lointain (3 microns). Le capteur déroulable comporte en outre un matelas isolant 5 et il es-t inséré entre une goulotte surverse d'alimentation 6 et une goulotte de réception 7.
~a figure 4 repr~3ente une autre ;Eorme d'exécution de capteur ~olaire, constitué par un tapis sol~ire comportant un tapi~ fibreux 1, un film transparent et un film suppor-t 2 identiques 9U non, in~éré~ dan~ deux collecteurs tubulaire~ 8, 9, en polyé--thylène par exemple. ~'étanchéit~ tapis-co:Llecteur peut etre réalis~e par ~oudure ou collage, Un isolant 5 est intexposé
entre le tapis solaire et le support qui peut 8tre un toit, un mur, un ~ol. ~e film support du tapis solaire peut etre en un thermoplastique alv~olé ou un polymère expansé.
~e procédé de fabrication de la structure composite dite "Tapis Solaire'l est en outre caractérisé en ce que le film perméable au rayonnement ~olaire et le support sont coextrudés et soudés avec insertion simultanée du matelas fibreux interne.
Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 5, la fili~re se compose d'une extrudeuqe pour le support, 11, d'une ~econde extrudeuse pour le film perméable au rayonnement ~olaire, 12 J
d'un dérouleur sur lequel le matela~ cellulaire non ti~sé, 13, se déroule et pa~se dans un coin isolant, 14, pour s'in~érer entre le~ deux films, ces dernier~ s'échappant réciproquement dee lèvre~ flexibles, 15, de la filière de coextrusion. Cette dernière est évidemment munie d'éléments chauffants, 16.
Par opposition aux filiere~ cla~iques de coextrusion des thermoplastiques, cette filière a la particularité de rece-voir le matelas al~éolaire non tis~é dans sa partie centrale en évitant que celui-ci soit porté ~ une temp~rature trop élev~e. r ~e film transparent et le ~upport 80nt formé~ ~ tem-~0 pérature ~lev~e pouvant aller de 180 C ~ 280 C ~ viennent en contact avec les deux faces du matelas alvéolaire sur lequel : , ,.. , :

il9 adhèrent.
~ 'adhé~ion ainsi réali~ée est ensuite renfor¢~e en ~oumettant cette ~tructure complexe ~ l'action dlune pres~ion entre un cylindre pres~eur, 17, et un rouleau refrDidi~eur, 18.
Ce~ cylindres sont munls d'une circulation d'eau et a~urent également un refroidi~sement rapide du complexe.
Deux vérin~, 24, aliment~spar de 1'air comprimé sous une pres~ion de 1 à 5 kg9 actionnent le rouleau pre~eur, 17, et lui permettent d'exercer une pre~sion sur le tapi~ ~olaire, ~;
11, 12, 13, quand celui-ci arrive en conta¢t avec le rouleau refroidis~eur, 18 Une meilleure qualité des ~oudures laterales du tapis peut être obtenue en donnant ~ ce niv~au un diamètre plu~ impor-tant au rouleau presseur comme on peut le voir figure 9.
~e matériau de film perméable au~ rayon~ ~olaires est choi~i dans le groùpe des thermoplastiques suivants: polyéthy-lènes haute et basse den~i-t~, polypropylène.pouv~nt ~ventuelle-ment contenir ju~qu'~ 15% en poids de polyéthylène, ohlorure de polyvinyle, fluorure de polyvinyle, polyamides, polycarbonates, ré~ines acrylique~ et polye~ters, ce~ film~ pouvant etre éventuel-lement associés ~ un second film transparent in~ensible aux rayon-nements ultr~violets, de~tinés ~ la protection du ler film contre le vieillissement ~'~pai~seur du film perm~able aux rayons solaires varie ~elon les mati~re~ plastiques de 50 ~ 200 micron~.
En vue d'empêcher ou de retarder la photod~gradation de~ r~sines, due au~ ràyon~ ultraviolets, on peut envore ajouter aux résines divers additifs, ou leur invorporer certain~ pigment~
tels que noir de carbone ou dioxyde de titane.
Pour chaque famille de matières plastique~, on recom-mande des additif~ spéci~ique~ dont la liste est donn~e ci-de~sus et dont on a indiqué un ordre de grandeur souhaitable de con-centration.
~ ent_________ Concentration Pol~éthylènes benzophénone OJ 5 %
Haute et basse densité benzotriazole t butylphényl ~alicylate benzophénone 0,15 ~ 1 %
organo métallique (nickel) PVC benzotria~ole 0,5 benzophénone cya~oQcrylate e-t/ou pigments: -sels de ~arium, Cadmium Zinc, Plomb polye3ters insaturés addition de m~thyl métacrylate et/ou ben20tria~01e 0,2 polycarbonates benzotria~ole benzophénone 0,5 %
~olyuréthanes isocyanates ~e plus ~ouvent, ces additi~ sont melangés aux granulés et incorpor~s au cours de l'extrusion, ~ e matelas alveolaire non ti88é, est le plus souvent, mais non exclusi~ement, constitu~ de fibre~ longue~ de polypro-pylane, ou de polyamide, ou de polyester, ou par un m~lange de ces fibres. Il se présente sou~ la ~orme d'un tissu très aéré
ayant quelques millimètres d'épais~eur pouvant assurer un débit de fluide caloporteur de 100 ~ 300 l/heure par m~tre de largeur, et doit po~séder une bonne tenue mécanique pour ne pa~ se rompre lors du passage dans la filière. ~es fibre~ de oe matela~ non ti~sé contiennent ~galement un colorant vert ou noir ajout~ dans la résine au niveau de la granulation, donc avant l'élaboration des fils.
~e film ~upport peut 8tre con~titué des m~me~ mat~- ;
riaux que le fil~ perméable au rayonnement E~olaire, mai~ de préf~rence on le choisit dans le groupe du polyéthylène ba~e densité ou des polyamide~. Son ~pai~seur est superieure ~ celle du film perm~able et de 1'ordre de quelque~ millimètres; 1 ~ 3mm.
lO` ~e support peut avantageusement ëtre allégé par in- `~
corporation ~ la ré~ine d'une ~ub~tance qui passe ~ l~état ga~eux à la ~ortie de la filiare, tel que 1'a~odicarbonamide qui se décompose en libérant de l'azote et de l'anhydride carbonique générateur~ de bulles, ce qui améliore les propriétés d'isolation thermique du support. On peut également a;outer un agent nuclé-ant ~ui assure la régularité des dimen~ions des bulle~.
~ es Collecteurs sont des cylindres en métal ou en plastique. On les choisit de préférence en plastique pour leur~
propriétes de ré~i~tance ~ la corro~ion, leur facilité de fixation et leur légèret~.
~ es cylindres collecteurs, 22, en plastique presentent une fente, 23, selon une génératrice conformément ~ la figure, 6.
Ils peuvent ~tre réalisés par soudures, 9, 10, ~ par-tir de tubes figure 7 ou 8tre réalisé~ directement par extrusion figure 8.
~ eur diamètre est de 1 ~ 3cm.
Ils ~ont en polyethylane haute ou basse densit~, poly-propylène, chlorure de polyvinyle ou polyamide.
~ a liai~on avec le tapi~ ~olaire e~t réali~ee de la façon suivante.
Gn d~colle ~ l'ex~rémit~ du tapis le film, 12, et le ~upport~ 11, du non tis~ ~ur une longueur d'environ 1 centimètre.
On le~ colle sur la face extérieure ~ chaque languette. Dans certains ca~, en particulier quand la nature des m~t~riaux e~t identique, cette liai~on peut ~tre r~alisée par ~oudure. On peut également renforcer la résistance et l'étanch~it~ de cette liai-son en soudant des baguettes de matiare pla~tique, 25, 26, de na ture identique ~ cette con~tituant le collecteur7 12, ~ur le~
faces extérieure~ de~ languette~. ~e film e-t le ~uppor-t ~e trou-vent alors plaoé~ au coeur de la soudure.
~a longueur du collecteur e~t de quelque~ centimètre~
superieure à la largeur du tapis ~olaire. On a~ure par æoudure l'étanchéité aux extr~mit~s du collecteur et on relie celui-ci au circuit de circulation de l'eau ou du fluide caloporteur.
~'exemple suivant est donné ~ titre non limitatif.
EXEMP~E
. _ , ~
Un tapis ~olaire est oon~titu~ d'un non tiss~ de fibres de polyamide, 6, de 5 mm d'épais~eur ~e film est en polyéthylène ba~e densit~ contenant un agent anti W . Son épai~seur est de 100 micron3.
~e support est en pol~éthylene bas~e densité contenant 1 % d~azodicarbonamide et un agent nucl~ant. ~'épai~seur du 8Up-port est de 1 millimètre.
~a température de la fili~re est de 280C. ~a vite~se de tirage est de 3 mètre~ par minute. Etant donn~ la conception de la filière, le temp~ de ~jour du non tiB9~ est suffi~amment court pour que ~a température ~ coeur re~te inférieure au point de fu~ion de la fibre. Par contre ~es faces externe~ ~ont chauf-fée~ par le con-tact a~ec le film et le support et y adh~rent.
~ a pr ~ present invention has for object a solair0 sensor to run, which can be stored in a roll, pre; t ~ be po ~, cut ~ and as ~ embl ~ to any support dimensions preferably insulating materials. It also relates to the process of manufacture of this type of sensor and ~ es aE ~ plications au chauffa- ~ ' ~ e of ~ swimming pools and ~ the supply of domestic hot water.
~ a Company ~ Applicant already ~ dec: laughs dan ~ the request French 76 35 345 of November 24, 1976 a sensor ~ trickles-ment e ~ sentiellement dtun ~ upport plan, covered with a fibrous carpet ~ and possibly a transparent cover to achieve the effect of wandering. ~ e support is preferable i ~ olant, orient ~ ver ~ le sud et pr ~ ente inclinai ~ on appro-prayed. This sensor is also characterized by a device distribution of the heat transfer liquid, which comprises the entrance of the distribution ~ a liquid retention dan ~ which soaks the upper end of the tapi ~ ~ ibreux, a ~ urant ain ~ i une automatic printing and a homogeneous gravity flow through the lint ~ fibrous.
In the case where a transparent cover is available, glass or plastic film a frame to hold this cover and of ~ di ~ po ~ itif ~ of ~ tanch ~ it ~ ~ have nece ~ aire ~.
~ e mode of realization ~ new ation and ~ economic sensor solar ~ ruis ~ actually propo3 ~ by this application, is caractéri ~ é in that the wall tran ~ parent e ~ t replaced by a transparent plastic film ~ parent applied directly to the surface tapi ~ fibrous and bound ~ the latter by any appropriate means ~
pulv ~ ri ~ spray gun, bonding, welding, or e ~ t made by glaçQge or partial fusion of the ~ urface of the tapiY.
~ e plastic film ain ~ i formed tends to prevent 1 '~ vapo-30 ration of water while maintaining an effect of ~ wandering some fear ~ duit compared to the wall ~ tran ~ parent ~ mounted ~ in ch ~ ssi ~.

- 1 ~,., * published under n 2, 372, 397 ~
B
.

~ a fiber thus becomes the support of the cover transparent, which makes it possible to save the cover transparent in ~ wand or plastic, gaskets and the ch ~ ssis carrier of this wall, the fi ~ re can it ~ m8 ~ e be placed on a waterproof support welded on the edges to the film transparent and thus constitute a solar mat.
This new technique is particularly advantageous.
geuse in the case where ~ there is concurrency of parameters very favorable such as: eu sunshine, outside temperature high, demand for water at operating temperature of 20 to 40C. This is the case of outdoor pools, or water sanitation in summer vacation camps. For these applica-can be used as a support for the fibrous mat any surface correctly inclined and oriented, close to the place of use construction such as the roof of a technical room or construction neighboring, slope, soil, concrete or weakly tiled area inclined, grandstand, stadium roof, etc.
The realization of the transparent film re ~ being direct-The surface of the fibrous mat can be made in various ways.
materials.
It is therefore claimed here a solar carpet that can be stored in rolls and essentially comprising a mattress permeable to a heat transfer fluid and made of welded material between two sheets of thermoplastic material of which at least one is permeable to solar radiation, and collectors input and output communicating to ~ ec said mattress in places of it spaced from each other.
A manufacturing process is also claimed.
of a solar carpet comprising a mattress permeable to an iluid 3 ~ coolant and a fibrous material, mattress welded between two films of thermoplastic material, one of which is permeable to solar radiation and the other serves as a waterproof support for B r P ~

runoff of the heat transfer liquid, process essentially characterized in that these films are obtained each of a extruder ~ in this ~ ue said ~ iLms thus extruded feed respectively one side of a coextrusion die, in this that said permeable mattress supplies the central part of said coextrusion die; in that we weld simultaneously-ment, in said coextrusion sector, said films and mattress to form a whole, and in that deu ~ extrem.ités opposite of said assembly are then secured to necks ~ ec-tubular contents of said heat transfer liquid to ensure the circulation of the latter through said mattress.
In any case, the characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better after the description which follows, of examples of realization 'given by way of explanation and in no way limiting, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Figure 1 shows, in section, a first mode of realization of a trickle sensor, - Figure 2 shows, in section, a second mode of sensor realization at trickle.ti - Figure 3 shows a. mounting on a support of solar carpet conforms to the invention2 - Figure 4 shows a vari.ante m ~ ntage of solar carpet of the invention;
- Figure 5 shows a general diagram of the di ~ po-co-extrusion sitive;
Figure 6 shows ~ collector tube;
- Figure 7 shows a cross section of a tube collector fixed ~ the complex structure by gluing and welding;
- The flgure 8 represents ~ ente a sectlDn droi-te of a tube profile collector ~ obtained by extrusion;
- Figure 9 shows the device ensuring the lateral welds of the carpet.
According to a first embodiment, represented ~ felt ~ ur the Figure 1, the Pibreux carpet 1 di ~ po ~ é on the support 3, is coated on its surface ~ upper, of a ~ ilm 2, in a thermo-resin inclusion plastic, having an absorption pectre allowing maximum penetration of solar energy and being opaque dan ~ far infrared.
- ~ e film is made in situ by coating using medium ~ known such as gun, roller ~ coat, spatula, etcO.
According to a second embodiment shown ~ ur la Figure 2, we apply a transparent film to the ~ urface of the carpet fibrous which is made integral with it by gluing, welding or any appropriate and compatible means with the nature of the fiber and from ~ ilm. This film can be in po ~ yethylene 9 in methacrylate, in polyvinyl fluoride, etc. .
For an aesthetic ~ ~ pect and to avoid the maximum fogging, pre ~ udiciable to the transparency of the film, therefore at p ~ nétration of the radiation in the fiber 9 the contac-t fiber-film must be the most intimate poe ~ ible ~ '~ sealing can be as ~ ur ~ e by folding the film around the edge of the carpet between the support 3 and the fiber as can be seen ~ in 4.
~ e collage, thanks to a re ~ ine of methacrylate by example, polymerized on site, has many advantages ~ ~ ~ 3 ~
This re ~ ine is invisible, transparent, not very sensitive ~
ultra ~ iolet radiation, little known ~ aging and is a very effective adhesive. ~ e transparent thermopla film ~ tick is, or can ~ be treated to be made little ~ sensitive to aging due to ultraviolet radiation.
According to a third ~ th preferred embodiment, you can roll on any support, a material site, known as a solar carpet, made up of a thermoplastic mattress non-ti structure ~ sée, fibreu ~ e, cellular or felted, per ~
putting the rui ~ only coolant, said matela ~
adhering on both sides ~ and other ~ two sheets of material -ther-mopla ~ tick of which at least one exposed to the sun is transparent rent, the other being the leak-proof support. These sheets are welded on the edges to a ~ secure sealing ~
of the composite structure. ~ e sensor ~ rui ~ so so can be stored in a roll ready to be po ~ é, cut out ble and assemblable to dimen ~ ion ~ of ~ upports any, preferably i ~ olants, the supply of heat transfer fluid being ensured by chutes- ~ feeders and ~ gouvers monkfish recovery in the ~ low ~ part.
It is possible to add an insulator such as a glass wool mattress to the sensor element.
other insulating material which can be rolled up on the face opposite the solar exposure face without modifying its rolling character ble and can be cut freely ~ "
Figure 3 shows a first di ~ positive of monta- '^ `
This type of solar collector. We reoonna ~ t ~ ur this figure the fibrous mat, felted or alv ~ olar 1, adher ~ nt ~ two plastic sheets 2, including that ~ ituted ~ the top e ~ t in a thermopla ~ tick having a spectrum of ab ~ orption allow ~ nt The maximum input of the solar and opaque energy in the infra-far red (3 microns). The drop-down sensor includes besides an insulating mattress 5 and it is inserted between a chute feed overflow 6 and a reception chute 7.
~ a Figure 4 repr ~ 3ente another; Eorme execution of sensor ~ olaire, consisting of a ground carpet ~ ire comprising a lurking ~ fibrous 1, a transparent film and a suppor-t film 2 identical 9U no, in ~ éré ~ dan ~ two tubular collectors ~ 8, 9, made of poly -thylene for example. ~ 'waterproofing ~ carpet-co: Reader can be made ~ e by ~ wadding or bonding, An insulator 5 is intexposed between the solar carpet and the support which can be a roof, a wall, a ~ ol. ~ e support film of the solar carpet can be in one thermoplastic alv ~ olé or an expanded polymer.
~ e manufacturing process of the composite structure said "Solar Carpet" is further characterized in that the film permeable to radiation ~ polar and the support are coextruded and welded with simultaneous insertion of the internal fibrous mat.
As can be seen in Figure 5, the fili ~ re composed of an extruder for the support, 11, of a ~ second extruder for film permeable to radiation ~ solar, 12 J
an unwinder on which the cellular matela not ti ~ se, 13, takes place and pa ~ se in an insulating corner, 14, to get ~ ered between the ~ two films, the latter ~ reciprocally escaping dee lip ~ flexible, 15, of the coextrusion sector. This the latter is obviously provided with heating elements, 16.
As opposed to the coextrusion ~ cla ~ ics sector thermoplastics, this sector has the particularity of receiving see the mattress al ~ not woven ~ éé in its central part in avoiding that it is worn ~ a temp ~ rature too high ~ e. r ~ e transparent film and the ~ 80nt upport formed ~ ~ tem-~ 0 temperature ~ high ~ e can range from 180 C ~ 280 C ~ come in contact with both sides of the honeycomb mattress on which :,, ..,:

they adhere.
~ 'adhered ~ ion thus realized ~ ée is then reinforced ~ e ~ omitting this ~ complex structure ~ action dlune pres ~ ion between a pres ~ eur cylinder, 17, and a refrDidi ~ eur roller, 18.
This ~ cylinders are provided with water circulation and a ~ urent also a rapid cooling ~ ment of the complex.
Two cylinders ~, 24, food ~ spar of compressed air under a pres ~ ion of 1 to 5 kg9 actuate the pre ~ eur roller, 17, and allow it to exert a pre ~ sion on the tapi ~ ~ olaire, ~;
11, 12, 13, when this arrives in contact with the roller cooled ~ eur, 18 Better quality of ~ lateral carpet wadding can be obtained by giving ~ this level ~ at a larger diameter ~ important-both with the pressure roller as can be seen in Figure 9.
~ e film material permeable to ~ radius ~ ~ is choi ~ i in the group of the following thermoplastics: polyethy-high and low lene den ~ it ~, polypropylène.pouv ~ nt ~ possibly-ment contain ju ~ that ~ 15% by weight of polyethylene, ohloride polyvinyl, polyvinyl fluoride, polyamides, polycarbonates, ré ~ ines acrylic ~ and polye ~ ters, this ~ film ~ may be possible-Lement associated ~ a second transparent film in ~ sensitive to the ray-ultr ~ purple, ~ tines ~ protect the 1st film against aging ~ '~ Pa ~ sor of the film permeable to solar rays varies ~ According to the material ~ re ~ plastics of 50 ~ 200 micron ~.
To prevent or delay photod ~ gradation of ~ r ~ sines, due to ~ ràyon ~ ultraviolet, we can envore add to various additive resins, or incorporate certain ~ pigment ~
such as carbon black or titanium dioxide.
For each family of plastic materials ~, we recommend order additives ~ speci ~ ic ~ whose list is given ~ e ~ of ~

and whose desirable order of magnitude has been indicated centration.
~ ent_________ Concentration Pol ~ ethylene benzophenone OJ 5%
High and low density benzotriazole t butylphenyl ~ alicylate benzophenone 0.15 ~ 1%
metallic organo (nickel) PVC benzotria ~ ole 0.5 benzophenone cya ~ oQcrylate and / or pigments: -~ arium salts, Cadmium Zinc, Lead unsaturated polye3ters addition of m ~ thyl metacrylate and / or ben20tria ~ 01e 0.2 benzotria polycarbonates ~ ole benzophenone 0.5%
~ isocyanate olyurethanes ~ e plus ~ open, these additi ~ are mixed with the granules and incorporated during extrusion, ~ e non-woven mattress, is most often, but not exclusively, made up of fiber ~ long ~ of polypro-pylan, or polyamide, or polyester, or by a mixture of these fibers. It is presented sou ~ la ~ elm of a very ventilated fabric having a few millimeters thick ~ eur capable of ensuring a flow heat transfer fluid from 100 to 300 l / hour per meter of width, and must po ~ sede good mechanical strength to not pa ~ break during the passage in the sector. ~ es fiber ~ of oe matela ~ no ti ~ sé also contain ~ a green or black dye added ~ in the resin at the granulation level, so before processing sons.
~ e film ~ upport can 8tre con ~ titué des m ~ me ~ mat ~ -;
rials that the wire ~ permeable to E radiation ~ polar, may ~
pref ~ rence we choose it from the group of polyethylene ba ~ e density or polyamide ~. His sister is superior to that permeable film and of the order of a few millimeters; 1 ~ 3mm.
lO` ~ e support can advantageously be lightened by in- `~
corporation ~ the re ~ ine of a ~ ub ~ tance which passes ~ l ~ ga state ~ them to the nettle of the filiare, such as 1'a ~ odicarbonamide which decomposes releasing nitrogen and carbon dioxide ~ bubble generator, which improves the insulation properties support thermal. It is also possible to add a nucleating agent.
ant ~ ui ensures the regularity of the dimen ~ bubble ions ~.
~ Collectors are cylinders made of metal or plastic. They are preferably chosen in plastic for their ~
properties of re ~ i ~ tance ~ the corro ~ ion, their ease of attachment and their lightness ~.
~ Collector cylinders, 22, made of plastic a slot, 23, according to a generator according to ~ the figure, 6.
They can ~ be made by welding, 9, 10, ~ par-Figure 7 or 8tre tubes shot made directly by extrusion figure 8.
~ eur diameter is 1 ~ 3cm.
They ~ have high or low density polyethylane ~, poly-propylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyamide.
~ a liai ~ on with the tapi ~ ~ olaire e ~ t reali ~ ee of next way.
Gn d ~ glue ~ ex ~ remit ~ from the carpet the film, 12, and the ~ upport ~ 11, not woven ~ ~ ur a length of about 1 cm.
It is ~ glued on the outside ~ each tab. In some ca ~, especially when the nature of m ~ t ~ rials is ~ t identical, this liai ~ we can ~ be r ~ made by ~ oudure. We can also strengthen the resistance and the watertight ~ it ~ of this liai-sound by welding rods of plastic material, 25, 26, of na identical size ~ this con ~ tituant the collector7 12, ~ ur ~
outer faces ~ of ~ tab ~. ~ e film and the ~ uppor-t ~ e trou-wind then plaoé ~ at the heart of the weld.
~ a length of the collector e ~ t of some ~ centimeter ~
greater than the width of the carpet ~ olaire. We have ~ ure by æoudure tightness to the extr ~ mit ~ s of the collector and it is connected to the water or heat transfer fluid circulation circuit.
~ The following example is given ~ without limitation.
EXEMP ~ E
. _, ~
A carpet ~ olaire is oon ~ titu ~ of a nonwoven ~ of fibers polyamide, 6, 5 mm thick ~ eur ~ e film is polyethylene ba ~ e densit ~ containing an anti W agent. Its thickness is 100 micron 3.
~ e support is in pol ~ low ethylene ~ e density container 1% azodicarbonamide and a nucleating agent. ~ 'thickness of the 8Up-port is 1 millimeter.
~ At die temperature ~ re is 280C. ~ see you soon ~
draw rate is 3 meter ~ per minute. Given the design of the sector, the temp ~ of ~ day of non tiB9 ~ is sufficient ~ amment short so that ~ at temperature ~ core re ~ te below the point fiber fu ~ ion. By cons ~ es external sides ~ ~ have heat-fairy ~ by the con-tact a ~ ec the film and the support and adher ~ rent.

Claims (11)

Les réalisations de l'invention au sujet desquelles un droit exclusif de propriété ou de privilège est revendiqué, sont définies comme il suit: The embodiments of the invention about which an exclusive right of property or privilege is claimed, are defined as follows: 1. Structure composite déroulable de capteur solaire à ruissellement dite tapis solaire, adaptable à toute surface convenablement orientée caractérisée en ce qu'elle est consti-tuée d'un matelas thermoplastique de structure non tissée coextrudé de part et d'autre avec deux feuilles de matériau thermoplastique, soudées sur les bords pour assurer l'étanchéité, l'une étant destinée à être exposée au soleil et perméable au rayonnement solaire, l'autre servant de support étanche au ruissellement d'un liquide caloporteur devant circuler dans le matelas non tissé, et de collecteurs d'alimentation dans la partie haute, et, de réception dans la partie basse dudit tapis solaire pour assurer la circulation du liquide colaporteur. 1. Unrollable composite structure of solar collector so-called solar carpet runoff, adaptable to any surface suitably oriented, characterized in that it is killed by a non-woven structure thermoplastic mattress coextruded on both sides with two sheets of material thermoplastic, welded on the edges to ensure sealing, one being intended to be exposed to the sun and permeable to solar radiation, the other serving as a waterproof support for runoff of a heat transfer liquid to circulate in the non-woven mattress, and supply manifolds in the upper part, and, receiving in the lower part of said mat solar to ensure circulation of the colaporteur liquid. 2. Tapis solaire selon la revendication 1, caracté-risé en ce que le film perméable au rayonnement solaire est choisi dans le groupe des thermoplastiques comportant les poly-éthylènes haute et basse densités, le polypropylène comportant éventuellement jusqu'à 15% de polyéthylène, les polyamides, les polycarbonates, le chlorure de polyvinyle, le fluorure de poly-vinyle, les résines acryliques et les polyesters. 2. Sun mat according to claim 1, character-laughed in that the film permeable to solar radiation is chosen from the group of thermoplastics comprising poly-high and low density ethylene, polypropylene comprising optionally up to 15% polyethylene, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyvinyl chloride, poly- fluoride vinyl, acrylic resins and polyesters. 3. Tapis solaire selon la revendication 2, caracté-risé en ce que la résistance aux rayons ultraviolets des thermo-plastiques est améliorée par des additifs spécifiques et des pigments appropriés. 3. Sun mat according to claim 2, character-laughed at that the resistance to ultraviolet rays of thermo plastics is improved by specific additives and appropriate pigments. 4. Tapis solaire selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le film-support est constitué d'un thermo-plastique éventuellement allégé choisi dans le groupe du poly-éthylène basse densité, et des polyamides, 4. Sun mat according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the support film consists of a thermo possibly lightened plastic chosen from the group of poly-low density ethylene, and polyamides, 5. Tapis solaire selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le matelas non tissé cellulaire est un matériau thermoplastique fibreux, coloré en teinte sombre choisie dans le groupe du polypropylène, des polyamides, des polyesters ou de leur mélange. 5. Sun mat according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the cellular nonwoven mattress is a fibrous thermoplastic material, colored in a dark shade chosen from the group of polypropylene, polyamides, polyesters or their mixture. 6. Tapis solaire selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le matelas cellulaire a une épaisseur de 1 à 10 mm et permet un débit de fluide caloporteur de 100 à 300 l/heure par mètre de largeur. 6. Sun mat according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the cellular mattress has a thickness of 1 at 10 mm and allows a heat transfer fluid flow from 100 to 300 l / hour per meter of width. 7. Tapis solaire selon les revendications 1, 2 ou 3 caractérisé en ce que les collecteurs sont des cylindres en matière plastique présentant une fente selon la génératrice, dans laquelle vient s'insérer le matelas cellulaire, les films étant collés soudés ou sertis sur le collecteur. 7. Sun mat according to claims 1, 2 or 3 characterized in that the collectors are cylinders in plastic material having a slot according to the generator, in which fits the cell mattress, the films being glued welded or crimped to the collector. 8. Tapis solaire pouvant être stocké en rouleaux com-portant: un matelas perméable à un fluide caloporteur et en matériau fibreux soudé entre deux feuilles de matériau thermo-plastique dont au moins une est perméable au rayonnement solaire, et des collecteurs d'entrée et de sortie communiquant avec ledit matelas en des endroits de celui-ci espacés les uns des autres. 8. Sun mat that can be stored in rolls bearing: a mattress permeable to a heat transfer fluid and fibrous material welded between two sheets of thermo-material plastic of which at least one is permeable to solar radiation, and inlet and outlet manifolds communicating with said mattress in places thereof spaced from each other. 9. Procédé de fabrication d'un tapis solaire com-portant un matelas perméable à un fluide caloporteur et en un matériau fibreux, matelas soudé entre deux films de matériau thermoplastique dont un est perméable au rayonnement solaire et l'autre sert de support étanche au ruissellement du liquide caloporteur, procédé caractérisé en ce que l'on obtient lesdits films chacun d'une extrudeuse; en ce que lesdits films ainsi extrudés alimentent respectivement un côté d'une filière de coextrusion; en ce que ledit matelas perméable alimente la par-tie centrale de ladite filière de coextrusion; en ce que l'on soude simultanément, dans ladite filière de coextrusion, les-dits films et matelas pour former un ensemble, et en ce que deux extrémités opposées dudit ensemble sont ensuite solidarisées à des collecteurs tubulaires dudit liquide caloporteur pour assurer la circulation de ce dernier au travers dudit matelas. 9. Method of manufacturing a com- pact solar carpet carrying a mattress permeable to a heat transfer fluid and in a fibrous material, mattress welded between two films of material thermoplastic, one of which is permeable to solar radiation and the other serves as a waterproof support for liquid runoff coolant, process characterized in that the said are obtained films each of an extruder; in that said films as well extruded respectively feed one side of a die coextrusion; in that said permeable mattress feeds the par-central tie of said coextrusion die; in that one simultaneously welds, in said coextrusion die, the said films and mattresses to form a whole, and in that two opposite ends of said assembly are then secured to tubular collectors of said heat transfer liquid for ensuring the circulation of the latter through said mattress. 10. Procédé selon la revendication 9 caractérisé
en ce que la température d'extrusion des films varie de 180°C
à 280°C, suivant la nature des thermoplastiques utilisés alors que le temps de séjour et de déroulement du matelas cellulaire dans la filière de coextrusion est suffisamment court pour que sa température demeure inférieure à son point de fusion.
10. Method according to claim 9 characterized in that the film extrusion temperature varies from 180 ° C
at 280 ° C, depending on the nature of the thermoplastics used while the residence time and unwinding of the cellular mattress in the coextrusion sector is short enough that its temperature remains below its melting point.
11. Procédé selon les revendications 9 ou 10, carac-térisé en ce que l'adhérence entre les films et le matelas est assurée par le cheminement dans une partie commune courte à
l'extrémité de la filière de coextrusion et renforcée, à la sortie de la filière de coextrusion, par pression entre un rou-leau presseur et un tambour refroidisseur.
11. Method according to claims 9 or 10, charac-that the adhesion between the films and the mattress is ensured by the path in a short common part to the end of the coextrusion and reinforced die, at the exit from the coextrusion die, by pressure between a roller presser water and a cooling drum.
CA315,447A 1977-11-18 1978-10-31 Cascading solar heater, and method of manufacture thereof Expired CA1113814A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7734725 1977-11-18
FR7734725A FR2409464A1 (en) 1977-11-18 1977-11-18 Composite mats for flexible solar energy trap panels - prepd. by covering permeable mat with impermeable films
FR7816167A FR2427191A1 (en) 1978-05-31 1978-05-31 Composite mats for flexible solar energy trap panels - prepd. by covering permeable mat with impermeable films
FR7816167 1978-05-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1113814A true CA1113814A (en) 1981-12-08

Family

ID=26220309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA315,447A Expired CA1113814A (en) 1977-11-18 1978-10-31 Cascading solar heater, and method of manufacture thereof

Country Status (9)

Country Link
CA (1) CA1113814A (en)
CH (1) CH630169A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2849585A1 (en)
ES (1) ES475147A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2010467B (en)
GR (1) GR65248B (en)
IL (1) IL55960A (en)
IT (1) IT1102310B (en)
OA (1) OA06101A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1980002590A1 (en) * 1979-05-17 1980-11-27 P Hastwell Flat plate heat exchanger modules
SE467548B (en) * 1989-08-08 1992-08-03 Goeran Bolin SOLAR COLLECTOR AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS MANUFACTURING
GB2256702A (en) * 1991-06-12 1992-12-16 Frank Bowers Solar panel
CA2740972C (en) * 2008-10-15 2018-05-29 John Swift Building-integrated solar thermal micro-channel absorber and method of manufacturing thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1102310B (en) 1985-10-07
ES475147A1 (en) 1979-04-16
IL55960A0 (en) 1979-01-31
DE2849585A1 (en) 1979-05-23
GB2010467A (en) 1979-06-27
OA06101A (en) 1981-06-30
IT7829879A0 (en) 1978-11-17
IL55960A (en) 1982-01-31
CH630169A5 (en) 1982-05-28
GR65248B (en) 1980-07-31
GB2010467B (en) 1982-11-10

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