BR9907420A - Processo de afixar equipamento eletrônico sensìvel à superfície interna de um pneu - Google Patents
Processo de afixar equipamento eletrônico sensìvel à superfície interna de um pneuInfo
- Publication number
- BR9907420A BR9907420A BR9907420-6A BR9907420A BR9907420A BR 9907420 A BR9907420 A BR 9907420A BR 9907420 A BR9907420 A BR 9907420A BR 9907420 A BR9907420 A BR 9907420A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- tire
- inner lining
- lining
- monitoring device
- sensitively
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C23/00—Devices for measuring, signalling, controlling, or distributing tyre pressure or temperature, specially adapted for mounting on vehicles; Arrangement of tyre inflating devices on vehicles, e.g. of pumps or of tanks; Tyre cooling arrangements
- B60C23/02—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure
- B60C23/04—Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure mounted on the wheel or tyre
- B60C23/0491—Constructional details of means for attaching the control device
- B60C23/0493—Constructional details of means for attaching the control device for attachment on the tyre
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/0061—Accessories, details or auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- B29D2030/0072—Attaching fasteners to tyres, e.g. patches, in order to connect devices to tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/0061—Accessories, details or auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
- B29D2030/0077—Directly attaching monitoring devices to tyres before or after vulcanization, e.g. microchips
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
- Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
- Y10T152/10027—Tires, resilient with wear indicating feature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Patente de Invenção: <B>"PROCESSO DE AFIXAR EQUIPAMENTO ELETRôNICO SENSìVEL à SUPERFíCIE INTERNA DE UM PNEU"<D>. Uma afixação entre um dispositivo de monitoração e um revestimento interno de um pneu inclui o emprego de um adesivo epóxi que liga o dispositivo de monitoração diretamente com a superfície interna do revestimento interior do pneu. O revestimento interno é primeiramente tornado rugoso de uma maneira que proporciona uma parte áspera do revestimento interno sem remover a inteira espessura do revestimento interno. A inteira espessura do revestimento interno não é removida porque o revestimento interno de preferência tem mais de 1,587 mm de espessura. A espessura do revestimento interno permite que o epóxi curado rígido ligue o dispositivo de monitoração com a superfície interna do revestimento interior enquanto permitindo que o revestimento interno flexione-se com o pneu de modo a não romper a vedação entre o epóxi rígido e o revestimento interno. O dispositivo de monitoração de preferência está preferivelmente localizado em uma área de baixa flexão do pneu para auxiliar a evitar o problema do flexionamento do revestimento interno.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/206,042 US6309494B1 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 1998-12-04 | Method of attaching sensitive electronic equipment to the inner surface of a tire |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BR9907420A true BR9907420A (pt) | 2000-09-26 |
Family
ID=22764737
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR9907420-6A BR9907420A (pt) | 1998-12-04 | 1999-12-06 | Processo de afixar equipamento eletrônico sensìvel à superfície interna de um pneu |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6309494B1 (pt) |
| EP (1) | EP1006010B1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JP2000168320A (pt) |
| KR (1) | KR100614520B1 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR9907420A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2291498C (pt) |
| DE (1) | DE69925350T2 (pt) |
| ES (1) | ES2243025T3 (pt) |
| ZA (1) | ZA996732B (pt) |
Families Citing this family (71)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7009506B2 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 2006-03-07 | Bridgestone Firestone North American Tire, Llc | Electronic monitoring device and patch assembly |
| US6030478A (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 2000-02-29 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method and apparatus for removably inserting an electric tire tag into a tire |
| US6893523B2 (en) * | 1999-02-11 | 2005-05-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for bonding heat sinks to overmold material |
| US6919799B2 (en) | 1999-04-29 | 2005-07-19 | Bridgestone/Firestone North American Tire, Llc | Monitoring device and tire combination |
| US6688353B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2004-02-10 | Bridgestone/Firestone North American Tire, Llc | Attachment patch for mounting an electronic monitoring device to the inside of a pneumatic tire |
| US8266465B2 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2012-09-11 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operation, LLC | System for conserving battery life in a battery operated device |
| US7161476B2 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2007-01-09 | Bridgestone Firestone North American Tire, Llc | Electronic tire management system |
| US6769294B2 (en) | 2001-09-07 | 2004-08-03 | Bridgestone/Firestone North American Tire, Llc | Method of determining potential cause of tire failure by measuring the tire temperature achieved during operating conditions |
| US20060090835A1 (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2006-05-04 | Federico Mancosu | Method for installing a device onto the inner surface of a tyre and installation kit |
| JP3938353B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-28 | 2007-06-27 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤ内部情報収集装置の取り付け構造 |
| CN100445110C (zh) * | 2003-08-04 | 2008-12-24 | 横滨橡胶株式会社 | 充气轮胎 |
| JP4617649B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-17 | 2011-01-26 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤとタイヤ用部材との接着用プライマー組成物およびタイヤとタイヤ用部材との接着方法 |
| US20050069667A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-31 | Wacker Carl E. | Method for attachment of tire pressure sensor |
| US7186308B2 (en) | 2003-10-09 | 2007-03-06 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. | System and method for providing tire electronics mounting patches |
| US20050126668A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-16 | Pierre Fornerod | Post patch for mounting devices inside tires |
| FR2866895B1 (fr) * | 2004-02-27 | 2007-08-10 | Michelin Soc Tech | Utilisation d'une colle pour assembler un organe et une roue, ensemble d'un organe et d'une roue, organe et roue |
| US20050257868A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-24 | Adamson John D | Process and device for incorporating electronics into a tire |
| US20050262934A1 (en) * | 2004-05-25 | 2005-12-01 | Sensfab Pte Ltd | Tyre pressure monitoring sensor |
| US7353720B2 (en) * | 2004-07-09 | 2008-04-08 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique, S.A. | Bridge patch for electromechanical transducer elements in tire assemblies |
| US20060090558A1 (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2006-05-04 | Raskas Eric J | Tire wear sensor |
| JP4115504B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-16 | 2008-07-09 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤ用電子装置の取り付け方法 |
| US7490817B2 (en) * | 2005-01-04 | 2009-02-17 | Bfs Diversified Products Llc | Distance indicating system and method |
| JP4639828B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-02 | 2011-02-23 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | タイヤ用電子装置及びその取り付け方法 |
| US7364144B2 (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2008-04-29 | Bfs Diversified Products, Llc | Sensing and communication system and method |
| JP4797562B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-19 | 2011-10-19 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 建設車両用バイアスタイヤ |
| DE602006011103D1 (de) | 2005-10-24 | 2010-01-28 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind | Herstellungsverfahren eines geräuscharmen Reifens |
| US20070107824A1 (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-05-17 | Hahn Bruce R | Rubber formulation with adhesive-compatible surface |
| US7420462B2 (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2008-09-02 | Bfs Diversified Products, Llc | Air spring distance indicating system and method |
| US7740726B2 (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2010-06-22 | Shelton Michael T | Silicone fishing lure skirt with foil or holographic film and method of making the same |
| US7322876B2 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2008-01-29 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. | Apparatus for preparing a tire surface for application of a patch |
| US7733239B2 (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2010-06-08 | Bfs Diversified Products, Llc | Distance determining system and method |
| US7598877B2 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2009-10-06 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Transponder carrier for a tire |
| US20080083482A1 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-10 | Brian Matthew Logan | Method for adhering an electronic device to a tire inner liner |
| US20090322480A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | Robert Leon Benedict | Rfid tag and method of vehicle attachment thereof |
| DE102008048961A1 (de) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-04-01 | Contitech Luftfedersysteme Gmbh | Identifikationseinrichtung für eine Luftfeder |
| US8157172B2 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2012-04-17 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | RFID tag package and tire assembly |
| US8561659B2 (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2013-10-22 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire and electronic device assembly |
| US20110041309A1 (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2011-02-24 | Peter Ross Shepler | Method of installing tire electronics in a tire |
| US8596117B2 (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2013-12-03 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Attachment patch for mounting various devices |
| WO2014010728A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | タイヤ |
| US8944126B2 (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2015-02-03 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Filter for a pneumatic tire |
| US20140130357A1 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-15 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Securing to a pneumatic tire |
| JP5519814B1 (ja) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-06-11 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 空気入りタイヤ |
| US10500804B2 (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2019-12-10 | Bridgestone Bandag, Llc | Method of preparing a bottom surface of a precured tire tread |
| JP2018506462A (ja) | 2014-12-19 | 2018-03-08 | ブリヂストン アメリカズ タイヤ オペレーションズ、 エルエルシー | デバイスを装着するための取り付け用パッチ |
| FR3034709B1 (fr) * | 2015-04-09 | 2017-04-14 | Michelin & Cie | Pneumatique muni d'un dispositif electronique |
| US11198153B2 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2021-12-14 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Multi-layer coatings and methods of preparing the same |
| WO2017180220A1 (en) | 2016-03-18 | 2017-10-19 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Coating compositions, elastic barrier coatings formed therefrom, and methods of applying such coatings |
| FR3063040B1 (fr) | 2017-02-17 | 2021-06-18 | Michelin & Cie | Dispositif de fixation a une enveloppe pneumatique d'un organe electronique. |
| FR3063041B1 (fr) * | 2017-02-17 | 2019-05-03 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Dispositif de fixation a une enveloppe pneumatique d'un organe electronique. |
| US10865326B2 (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2020-12-15 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Coating compositions, elastic barrier coatings formed therefrom, and methods of applying such coatings |
| US10749242B2 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-08-18 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Non-pneumatic tire with radio frequency identification |
| EP3492289B1 (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2021-01-06 | Hankook Tire Co., Ltd. | Container structure for attaching sensors to tires and method of manufacturing tire container structure |
| US11117429B2 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2021-09-14 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire with sensor attachment reservoir and method of attaching sensor |
| EP3755551B1 (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2024-04-17 | Android Industries LLC | Tire sensor installation system and method |
| CN109677216B (zh) * | 2019-02-12 | 2021-04-09 | 卢安迪 | 轮胎超压监测方法与轮胎超压监测剂 |
| US10836924B2 (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2020-11-17 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Coating compositions and elastic barrier coatings formed therefrom |
| US10829664B2 (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2020-11-10 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Coating compositions containing polythioethers and elastic barrier coatings formed therefrom |
| KR102113071B1 (ko) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-05-21 | 한국타이어앤테크놀로지 주식회사 | 일체형 전자장치의 제조방법 |
| JP2021059270A (ja) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-04-15 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 再帰性反射機能を有するタイヤおよびその製造方法 |
| US11835421B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2023-12-05 | Keith George Ferry | Sensor assemblies and systems for monitoring a dynamic object |
| US12344051B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2025-07-01 | Cerebrum Sensor Technologies, Inc. | Sensor assemblies and systems for monitoring a dynamic object |
| US10836223B1 (en) | 2019-12-17 | 2020-11-17 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Encapsulated embedded tire sensor unit |
| KR102218154B1 (ko) | 2020-02-17 | 2021-02-23 | 한국타이어앤테크놀로지 주식회사 | 비교체식 일체형 전자장치의 제조방법 |
| US11420487B2 (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-08-23 | Revvo Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mounting a tire sensor |
| FR3113381B1 (fr) | 2020-08-13 | 2022-07-15 | Michelin & Cie | Installation et Procédé de Préparation et d’Encollage des Dispositifs de Fixation des Organes Electroniques aux Enveloppes des Pneumatiques |
| US11938762B2 (en) | 2020-08-19 | 2024-03-26 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire sensor attachment structure |
| KR102503810B1 (ko) * | 2021-02-04 | 2023-02-24 | 한국타이어앤테크놀로지 주식회사 | 전자장치가 부착된 타이어 및 이의 전자장치 부착방법 및 이의 클라우드 연동방법 |
| US12251970B2 (en) | 2021-02-25 | 2025-03-18 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire |
| IT202200026478A1 (it) * | 2022-12-22 | 2024-06-22 | Pirelli | Metodo di ripristino di una funzionalita’ di rilevamento in uno pneumatico e relativo pneumatico |
| WO2025105639A1 (ko) | 2023-11-13 | 2025-05-22 | 한국타이어앤테크놀로지 주식회사 | 전자장치가 일체화된 타이어의 제조방법 및 이의 방법에 의해 제조된 전자장치가 일체화된 타이어 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3787806A (en) | 1972-06-26 | 1974-01-22 | Avco Corp | Tire pressure warning apparatus |
| US4067235A (en) | 1974-11-27 | 1978-01-10 | Consolidated Freightways, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring air pressure in pneumatic tires |
| US4319220A (en) | 1976-08-31 | 1982-03-09 | Dennis G. Pappas | Alarm system for monitoring pressurized vehicular tires |
| NO146835C (no) | 1977-12-09 | 1982-12-15 | Lintech Instr Ltd | Passivt transponder-element. |
| US4334215A (en) | 1979-04-27 | 1982-06-08 | Tire-Tronics, Inc. | Continuous heat and pressure surveillance system for pneumatic tires |
| US4578992A (en) | 1982-11-05 | 1986-04-01 | Philip E. Galasko | Detection of a low pressure condition of a vehicle tire |
| US4525766A (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1985-06-25 | Transensory Devices, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming hermetically sealed electrical feedthrough conductors |
| US4765852A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1988-08-23 | The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company | Tire repair by "patch only" method |
| US4862486A (en) | 1987-11-16 | 1989-08-29 | Wing J Keith | Revolution counter attached to tires |
| US5462617A (en) * | 1991-05-30 | 1995-10-31 | Bandag Licensing Corporation | Tire bonding systems |
| US5300164A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1994-04-05 | Bridgestone Corporation | Pneumatic tire having a decorative applique and a method for applying a decorative applique to a tire |
| US5479171A (en) | 1993-04-27 | 1995-12-26 | Texas Instruments Deutschland Gmbh | Extended range RF-ID transponder |
| US5731754A (en) | 1994-06-03 | 1998-03-24 | Computer Methods Corporation | Transponder and sensor apparatus for sensing and transmitting vehicle tire parameter data |
| US5483827A (en) | 1994-06-03 | 1996-01-16 | Computer Methods Corporation | Active integrated circuit transponder and sensor apparatus for sensing and transmitting vehicle tire parameter data |
| US5500065A (en) | 1994-06-03 | 1996-03-19 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method for embedding a monitoring device within a tire during manufacture |
| GB2307044A (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-14 | John Michael Jessop | Tyre mileage monitoring apparatus and method |
| GB9619181D0 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1996-10-23 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind | Sensor for a pneumatic tyre |
| US5971046A (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-10-26 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method and apparatus for bonding an active tag to a patch and a tire |
| JP2001525283A (ja) | 1997-12-09 | 2001-12-11 | ザ・グッドイヤー・タイヤ・アンド・ラバー・カンパニー | タイヤの圧力センサ、およびそれに関する方法 |
| US5960844A (en) | 1997-12-22 | 1999-10-05 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring conditions of a vehicle tire |
| US6036179A (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2000-03-14 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Air spring containing an active device and a suspension assembly and method using |
| US5977870A (en) | 1997-12-22 | 1999-11-02 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method and apparatus for transmitting stored data and engineering conditions of a tire to a remote location |
| US6030478A (en) | 1998-02-10 | 2000-02-29 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Method and apparatus for removably inserting an electric tire tag into a tire |
| WO1999041093A1 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 1999-08-19 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. | Attachment means for a tire electronic package |
| AU5391399A (en) | 1998-08-03 | 2000-02-28 | Goodyear Tire And Rubber Company, The | Mounting transponders in pneumatic tires |
| US6082192A (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2000-07-04 | Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. | Non-attached monitoring assembly for pneumatic tire |
-
1998
- 1998-12-04 US US09/206,042 patent/US6309494B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-10-26 ZA ZA9906732A patent/ZA996732B/xx unknown
- 1999-11-01 KR KR1019990047955A patent/KR100614520B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-04 ES ES99121847T patent/ES2243025T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-04 DE DE69925350T patent/DE69925350T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-04 EP EP99121847A patent/EP1006010B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-01 JP JP11341970A patent/JP2000168320A/ja active Pending
- 1999-12-03 CA CA002291498A patent/CA2291498C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-06 BR BR9907420-6A patent/BR9907420A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-08-07 US US09/923,504 patent/US6668884B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2291498C (en) | 2008-02-05 |
| EP1006010A2 (en) | 2000-06-07 |
| KR100614520B1 (ko) | 2006-08-22 |
| JP2000168320A (ja) | 2000-06-20 |
| EP1006010A3 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
| EP1006010B1 (en) | 2005-05-18 |
| DE69925350D1 (de) | 2005-06-23 |
| US6668884B2 (en) | 2003-12-30 |
| US6309494B1 (en) | 2001-10-30 |
| KR20000047579A (ko) | 2000-07-25 |
| US20010045250A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
| ES2243025T3 (es) | 2005-11-16 |
| DE69925350T2 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
| ZA996732B (en) | 2000-05-15 |
| CA2291498A1 (en) | 2000-06-04 |
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