BR9807040A - Processo para a preparação de uma dispersão aquosa de um agente de engomação reativo à celulose. - Google Patents
Processo para a preparação de uma dispersão aquosa de um agente de engomação reativo à celulose.Info
- Publication number
- BR9807040A BR9807040A BR9807040-1A BR9807040A BR9807040A BR 9807040 A BR9807040 A BR 9807040A BR 9807040 A BR9807040 A BR 9807040A BR 9807040 A BR9807040 A BR 9807040A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- anionic
- cellulose
- molecular weight
- sizing agent
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- -1 cationic organic compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H3/00—Paper or cardboard prepared by adding substances to the pulp or to the formed web on the paper-making machine and by applying substances to finished paper or cardboard (on the paper-making machine), also when the intention is to impregnate at least a part of the paper body
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/07—Nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/09—Sulfur-containing compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/15—Polycarboxylic acids, e.g. maleic acid
- D21H17/16—Addition products thereof with hydrocarbons
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/42—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups anionic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
- D21H17/57—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/22—Agents rendering paper porous, absorbent or bulky
- D21H21/24—Surfactants
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
Abstract
PROCESSO PARA A PREPARAçãO DE UMA DISPERSãO AQUOSA DE UM AGENTE DE ENGOMAçãO REATIVO à CELULOSE. A invenção refere-se a um dispersão aquosa contendo um agente de engomação reativo à celulose e um sistema dispersante compreendendo um composto orgânico catiónico de baixo peso molecular tendo um peso molecular menor do que 10.000 e um estabilizador aniónico, sua preparação e uso na produção de papel. A invenção ainda refere-se a uma composição substancialmente livre de água contendo um agente de engomação reativo à celulose, um composto orgânico caitónico de baixo peso molecular tendo um peso molecular menor do que 10.000 e um estabilizador aniónico, sua preparação e uso na preparação de uma dispersão aquosa de um agente de engomação reativo à celulose. Estabilidade aniónicos adequados para uso nesta invenção incluem compostos aniónicos funcionando como estabilizadores e/ou sendo eficazes em combinação com os compostos catiónicos pra estabilizar o agente de engomação na fase aquosa bem como como compostos aniónicos conhecidos como úteis como dispersantes na preparação de dispersões de goma. Preferivelmente o composto aniónico é solúvel em água ou dispersante em água. O estabilizador aniónico pode ser selecionado de compostos orgânicos ou inorgânicos e pode ser derivado de fontes naturais ou sintéticas.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97850016 | 1997-02-05 | ||
| EP97850017 | 1997-02-05 | ||
| SE9704931A SE9704931D0 (sv) | 1997-02-05 | 1997-12-30 | Sizing of paper |
| PCT/SE1998/000192 WO1998033979A1 (en) | 1997-02-05 | 1998-02-03 | Sizing of paper |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BR9807040A true BR9807040A (pt) | 2000-03-28 |
| BR9807040B1 BR9807040B1 (pt) | 2009-08-11 |
Family
ID=27238796
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI9807040-1A BR9807040B1 (pt) | 1997-02-05 | 1998-02-03 | dispersão aquosa de um agente de engomação, processo para a preparação de uma dispersão aquosa de um agente de engomação reativo à celulose, método de uso de uma dispersão aquosa, processo para a produção de papel, composição substancialmente livre de água, e uso da composição. |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0963484B1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JP3175774B2 (pt) |
| KR (1) | KR100339881B1 (pt) |
| CN (1) | CN1107766C (pt) |
| AT (1) | ATE225436T1 (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU729833B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR9807040B1 (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2280137C (pt) |
| CZ (1) | CZ299148B6 (pt) |
| DE (1) | DE69808436T2 (pt) |
| DK (1) | DK0963484T3 (pt) |
| ES (1) | ES2183324T3 (pt) |
| NO (1) | NO328752B1 (pt) |
| NZ (1) | NZ336787A (pt) |
| PT (1) | PT963484E (pt) |
| RU (1) | RU2169224C2 (pt) |
| SE (1) | SE9704931D0 (pt) |
| SK (1) | SK285211B6 (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO1998033979A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6315824B1 (en) * | 1996-02-02 | 2001-11-13 | Rodrigue V. Lauzon | Coacervate stabilizer system |
| WO2000023651A1 (de) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-04-27 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Wässrige, anionisch oder kationisch eingestellte leimungsmittel-dispersionen für die leimung von papier |
| EP1099795A1 (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-05-16 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Sizing emulsion |
| KR100648124B1 (ko) * | 2000-04-12 | 2006-11-24 | 허큘레스 인코포레이티드 | 종이 사이징 조성물 |
| MX259234B (es) | 2000-08-07 | 2008-08-01 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Un proceso para apresto de papel. |
| US6918995B2 (en) | 2000-08-07 | 2005-07-19 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for the production of paper |
| CZ304557B6 (cs) * | 2000-08-07 | 2014-07-09 | Akzo Nobel N. V. | Způsob výroby papíru |
| EP1314822A1 (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-28 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for sizing paper and sizing composition |
| KR20030041793A (ko) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-27 | 악조 노벨 엔.브이. | 종이 사이징 방법 및 사이징 조성물 |
| US6869471B2 (en) | 2001-11-19 | 2005-03-22 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for sizing paper and sizing composition |
| DE10237912A1 (de) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-02-26 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Leimung von Papier, Pappe und Karton |
| DE10237911A1 (de) * | 2002-08-14 | 2004-02-26 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Vinylamineinheiten enthaltenden Polymeren als Promoter für die Alkyldiketenleimung |
| BRPI0415117A (pt) * | 2003-10-08 | 2006-11-28 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | composição para redução de arrepelamento e formação de pó em papel |
| DE10349727A1 (de) | 2003-10-23 | 2005-05-25 | Basf Ag | Feste Mischungen aus einem Reaktivleimungsmittel und Stärke, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
| JP5363114B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-21 | 2013-12-11 | アクゾ ノーベル ナムローゼ フェンノートシャップ | 紙のサイジング |
| US7892398B2 (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2011-02-22 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Sizing of paper |
| EP1994222A1 (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2008-11-26 | Clariant International Ltd. | Improved process for the manufacture of paper and board |
| AU2007268301A1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-06 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Sizing of paper |
| TW201000716A (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2010-01-01 | Akzo Nobel Nv | A method for production of paper |
| WO2011133996A2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-03 | Kemira Oyj | Aqueous dispersions for sizing paper |
| CN102011343B (zh) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-07-04 | 上海东升新材料有限公司 | 瓦楞纸用表面施胶剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| FI123717B (fi) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-10-15 | Stora Enso Oyj | Pakkauskartonki, sen käyttö ja siitä tehdyt tuotteet |
| CN102535248B (zh) * | 2011-12-30 | 2015-04-01 | 广州星业科技股份有限公司 | 一种akd乳液的制备方法 |
| KR102240361B1 (ko) | 2013-06-13 | 2021-04-13 | 에코랍 유에스에이 인코퍼레이티드 | 물-비함유 표면 사이징 조성물 |
| FI125311B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-08-31 | Kemira Oyj | A method for recovering enzymes in a biofuel production process |
| FI126316B (en) | 2014-02-06 | 2016-09-30 | Kemira Oyj | Stabilized adhesive formulation |
| CN108517717B (zh) * | 2018-05-16 | 2021-01-05 | 龙游富田造纸精化有限公司 | 一种结膜强度高粘结力优的乳化剂及其制备方法 |
| US11393746B2 (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2022-07-19 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Reinforcing package using reinforcing patches |
| CN116536956B (zh) * | 2022-11-30 | 2025-04-25 | 华东理工大学 | 基于akd的一体化纸张表面处理剂及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3046186A (en) * | 1957-06-12 | 1962-07-24 | American Cyanamid Co | Cationic sizing emulsions and paper sized therewith |
| SE361908B (pt) * | 1972-07-14 | 1973-11-19 | Kema Nord Ab | |
| US4240935A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1980-12-23 | Hercules Incorporated | Ketene dimer paper sizing compositions |
| SE455102B (sv) * | 1985-07-10 | 1988-06-20 | Nobel Ind Paper Chemicals Ab | Vattenhaltiga dispersioner av kolofoniummaterial och ett syntetiskt hydrofoberingsmedel, forfarande for framstellning derav samt anvendning av dessa som hydrofoberingsmedel |
| GB8526158D0 (en) * | 1985-10-23 | 1985-11-27 | Albright & Wilson | Paper sizing compositions |
| SE465833B (sv) * | 1987-01-09 | 1991-11-04 | Eka Nobel Ab | Vattenhaltig dispersion innehaallande en blandning av hydrofoberande kolofoniummaterial och syntetiskt hydrofoberingsmedel, saett foer framstaellning av dispersionen samt anvaendning av dispersionen vid framstaellning av papper och liknande produkter |
| GB8920456D0 (en) * | 1989-09-11 | 1989-10-25 | Albright & Wilson | Active sizing compositions |
| SE9404201D0 (sv) * | 1994-12-02 | 1994-12-02 | Eka Nobel Ab | Sizing dispersions |
-
1997
- 1997-12-30 SE SE9704931A patent/SE9704931D0/xx unknown
-
1998
- 1998-02-03 ES ES98903333T patent/ES2183324T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-03 KR KR19997006870A patent/KR100339881B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-03 RU RU99119095/12A patent/RU2169224C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-03 JP JP53282398A patent/JP3175774B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-03 AT AT98903333T patent/ATE225436T1/de active
- 1998-02-03 EP EP98903333A patent/EP0963484B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-03 WO PCT/SE1998/000192 patent/WO1998033979A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-02-03 DK DK98903333T patent/DK0963484T3/da active
- 1998-02-03 AU AU60100/98A patent/AU729833B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-02-03 CZ CZ0274899A patent/CZ299148B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-03 CA CA002280137A patent/CA2280137C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-03 PT PT98903333T patent/PT963484E/pt unknown
- 1998-02-03 DE DE69808436T patent/DE69808436T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-03 SK SK1030-99A patent/SK285211B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-03 NZ NZ336787A patent/NZ336787A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-03 CN CN98802329A patent/CN1107766C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-03 BR BRPI9807040-1A patent/BR9807040B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-08-02 NO NO19993741A patent/NO328752B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT963484E (pt) | 2003-01-31 |
| SK103099A3 (en) | 2000-05-16 |
| EP0963484A1 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
| RU2169224C2 (ru) | 2001-06-20 |
| DE69808436T2 (de) | 2003-07-10 |
| CA2280137A1 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
| SE9704931D0 (sv) | 1997-12-30 |
| AU6010098A (en) | 1998-08-25 |
| NO993741L (no) | 1999-09-27 |
| JP3175774B2 (ja) | 2001-06-11 |
| ES2183324T3 (es) | 2003-03-16 |
| EP0963484B1 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
| KR100339881B1 (ko) | 2002-06-10 |
| CZ274899A3 (cs) | 2000-02-16 |
| NO328752B1 (no) | 2010-05-03 |
| CA2280137C (en) | 2005-04-26 |
| ATE225436T1 (de) | 2002-10-15 |
| KR20000070622A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
| CZ299148B6 (cs) | 2008-05-07 |
| CN1107766C (zh) | 2003-05-07 |
| WO1998033979A1 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
| NZ336787A (en) | 2000-04-28 |
| NO993741D0 (no) | 1999-08-02 |
| SK285211B6 (sk) | 2006-09-07 |
| BR9807040B1 (pt) | 2009-08-11 |
| DE69808436D1 (de) | 2002-11-07 |
| AU729833B2 (en) | 2001-02-08 |
| DK0963484T3 (da) | 2003-01-20 |
| CN1246899A (zh) | 2000-03-08 |
| JP2000509448A (ja) | 2000-07-25 |
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