BR8903850A - Processo para a carbonilacao de um ou mais alcoois,eteres e eter alcoois ate esteres e opcionalmente ate acidos carboxilicos pela sua reacao,no estado de vapor,sobre um catalisador solido;e catalisador solido - Google Patents
Processo para a carbonilacao de um ou mais alcoois,eteres e eter alcoois ate esteres e opcionalmente ate acidos carboxilicos pela sua reacao,no estado de vapor,sobre um catalisador solido;e catalisador solidoInfo
- Publication number
- BR8903850A BR8903850A BR898903850A BR8903850A BR8903850A BR 8903850 A BR8903850 A BR 8903850A BR 898903850 A BR898903850 A BR 898903850A BR 8903850 A BR8903850 A BR 8903850A BR 8903850 A BR8903850 A BR 8903850A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- alcohols
- solid catalyst
- carbonilation
- eter
- ethers
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 title 2
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 title 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000004326 stimulated echo acquisition mode for imaging Methods 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/30—Tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/652—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/6527—Tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/185—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/10—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C51/12—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reaction with carbon monoxide on an oxygen-containing group in organic compounds, e.g. alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/36—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/36—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates
- C07C67/37—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates by reaction of ethers with carbon monoxide
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/227,295 US5218140A (en) | 1988-08-02 | 1988-08-02 | Carbonylation reaction and catalyst therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BR8903850A true BR8903850A (pt) | 1990-03-20 |
Family
ID=22852553
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR898903850A BR8903850A (pt) | 1988-08-02 | 1989-08-01 | Processo para a carbonilacao de um ou mais alcoois,eteres e eter alcoois ate esteres e opcionalmente ate acidos carboxilicos pela sua reacao,no estado de vapor,sobre um catalisador solido;e catalisador solido |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5218140A (pt) |
| EP (3) | EP0782979B1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JPH0649661B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR8903850A (pt) |
| DE (3) | DE68916718T2 (pt) |
| ES (3) | ES2142109T3 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (60)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9223170D0 (en) * | 1992-11-05 | 1992-12-16 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Process for preparing carboxylic acids |
| AU697916B2 (en) * | 1993-01-26 | 1998-10-22 | Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Biologically active TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 peptides |
| US5420243A (en) * | 1993-01-26 | 1995-05-30 | Celtrix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Biologically active TGF-β2 peptides |
| EP0616847B1 (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1997-11-19 | Nippon Oil Co. Ltd. | Solid acid catalyst for paraffin conversion and process for paraffin conversion using the same |
| TW295579B (pt) * | 1993-04-06 | 1997-01-11 | Showa Denko Kk | |
| EP0623386A3 (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1995-04-12 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Catalyst compositions and use thereof in isomerization. |
| KR960006546B1 (ko) * | 1993-07-28 | 1996-05-17 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 초산에스테르의 제조 방법 |
| GB9419387D0 (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1994-11-09 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Olefin hydration process |
| US5618973A (en) * | 1994-11-10 | 1997-04-08 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Esterification process |
| GB9503383D0 (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1995-04-12 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process |
| DE19530787A1 (de) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-02-27 | Hoechst Ag | Mangan enthaltende Polyoxometallate, Synthese und Verwendung |
| FR2749778B1 (fr) * | 1996-06-13 | 1998-08-14 | Elf Antar France | Procede de preparation de catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement |
| US6025295A (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 2000-02-15 | Seton Hall University | Supported catalysts |
| US5900505A (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1999-05-04 | Eastman Chemical Company | Heterogeneous vapor phase carbonylation process |
| FR2764211B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-09 | 1999-10-08 | Elf Antar France | Procede de preparation de catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement |
| US6521783B1 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 2003-02-18 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Processes for preparing oxygenates |
| US6127432A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2000-10-03 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Processes for preparing oxygenates and catalysts therefor |
| GB9810928D0 (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 1998-07-22 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Catalyst and process |
| US6137000A (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-10-24 | Eastman Chemical Company | Method for carbonylation of lower aliphatic alcohols using a supported iridium and lanthanide series catalyst |
| US6159896A (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-12-12 | Eastman Chemical Company | Iridium catalyst for carbonylation of lower aliphatic alcohols |
| US6160163A (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-12-12 | Eastman Chemical Company | Method for the vapor-phase carbonylation of lower aliphatic alcohols using a supported platinum catalyst and halide promoter |
| US6552220B1 (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 2003-04-22 | Showa Denko K.K. | Catalyst for production of acetic acid and ethyl acetate, process for its production and process for production of acetic acid and ethyl acetate using it |
| US6160155A (en) * | 1999-04-29 | 2000-12-12 | General Electric Company | Method and catalyst system for producing aromatic carbonates |
| WO2001007393A1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-02-01 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics | Processes for preparing oxygenates |
| US6353132B1 (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2002-03-05 | Eastman Chemical Company | Vapor phase carbonylation process using group 5 metal promoted iridium catalyst |
| US6355595B1 (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2002-03-12 | Eastman Chemical Company | Group 5 metal promoted iridium carbonylation catalyst |
| US6355837B1 (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2002-03-12 | Eastman Chemical Company | Vapor phase carbonylation process using group 4 metal promoted iridium catalyst |
| JP3920020B2 (ja) | 1999-12-24 | 2007-05-30 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 含酸素有機化合物製造用触媒および含酸素有機化合物の製造方法 |
| RU2170724C1 (ru) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-07-20 | Институт катализа им. Г.К. Борескова СО РАН | Способ получения метилацетата и катализатор для его осуществления |
| US6441222B1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2002-08-27 | Eastman Chemical Company | Vapor phase carbonylation process using iridium-gold co-catalysts |
| US6509293B1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2003-01-21 | Eastman Chemical Company | Gold based heterogeneous carbonylation catalysts |
| US6177380B1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2001-01-23 | Eastman Chemical Company | Iridium-gold carbonylation co-catalysts |
| US6506933B1 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2003-01-14 | Eastman Chemical Company | Vapor phase carbonylation process using gold catalysts |
| US6903045B2 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2005-06-07 | Eastman Chemical Company | Tin promoted platinum catalyst for carbonylation of lower alkyl alcohols |
| US6613938B2 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2003-09-02 | Eastman Chemical Company | Method for carbonylation of lower aliphatic alcohols using tin promoted platinum catalyst |
| US6548444B2 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2003-04-15 | Eastman Chemical Company | Tin promoted iridium catalyst for carbonylation of lower alkyl alcohols |
| US6617471B2 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2003-09-09 | Eastman Chemical Company | Method for carbonylation of lower aliphatic alcohols using tin promoted iridium catalyst |
| US6646154B2 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2003-11-11 | Eastman Chemical Company | Method for carbonylation of lower alkyl alcohols using tungsten promoted group VIII catalyst |
| US6537944B1 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2003-03-25 | Eastman Chemical Company | Tungsten promoted catalyst for carbonylation of lower alkyl alcohols |
| US6596781B1 (en) | 2002-05-02 | 2003-07-22 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Integrated process for preparing Fischer-Tropsch products and acetic acid from synthesis gas |
| US7341847B2 (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2008-03-11 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Promoter construct for gene expression in neuronal cells |
| GB0404793D0 (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2004-04-07 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process |
| GB0427021D0 (en) * | 2004-12-09 | 2005-01-12 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process |
| GB0427821D0 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2005-01-19 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Catalyst and process |
| US20060252959A1 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2006-11-09 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Process for carbonylation of alkyl ethers |
| US7465822B2 (en) | 2005-05-05 | 2008-12-16 | Bp Chemicals Ltd. | Process for carbonylation of alkyl ethers |
| GB0601863D0 (en) * | 2006-01-30 | 2006-03-08 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Process |
| TWI311498B (en) * | 2006-07-19 | 2009-07-01 | Lg Chemical Ltd | Catalyst for partial oxidation of methylbenzenes, method for preparing the same, and method for producing aromatic aldehydes using the same |
| US7507855B2 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2009-03-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Process for carbonylation of aliphatic alcohols and/or ester derivatives thereof |
| EP1985608A1 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2008-10-29 | BP Chemicals Limited | Process for the carbonylation of dimethyl ether |
| US8080493B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2011-12-20 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Heteropolyanions with late transition metal addenda atoms and process for their preparation |
| DE102010040921A1 (de) | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-22 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylsäure aus Methanol und Essigsäure |
| EP2559680A1 (en) | 2011-08-16 | 2013-02-20 | BP Chemicals Limited | Carbonylation of methanol |
| US9421522B2 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2016-08-23 | Eastman Chemical Company | Iridium catalysts for carbonylation |
| US20140121403A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-01 | Celanese International Corporation | Integrated Process for the Production of Acrylic Acids and Acrylates |
| CN103012062B (zh) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-04-22 | 上海戊正工程技术有限公司 | 一种合成气间接生产乙醇的工艺及其应用 |
| US9120743B2 (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2015-09-01 | Celanese International Corporation | Integrated process for the production of acrylic acids and acrylates |
| CN106365994B (zh) * | 2015-07-20 | 2019-01-01 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种低级脂肪羧酸烷基酯的生产方法 |
| CN111111774A (zh) * | 2018-11-01 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 有机含膦聚合物载体负载铑和杂多酸催化剂及制备和应用 |
| CN114534724A (zh) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-05-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种甲醇无卤素气相羰基化制备醋酸及醋酸酯的方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2608534A (en) * | 1949-04-18 | 1952-08-26 | Union Oil Co | Heteropoly acids or salts thereof as catalysts |
| DE1083801B (de) * | 1958-08-22 | 1960-06-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Essigsaeure oder deren Gemischen mit Methylacetat |
| CA733537A (en) * | 1961-04-18 | 1966-05-03 | Knapsack Aktiengesellschaft | Process for preparing unsaturated nitriles |
| US3409701A (en) * | 1964-01-06 | 1968-11-05 | Dow Chemical Co | Catalyst and method for dehydrogenating and cracking alkanes and olefins |
| US3769329A (en) * | 1970-03-12 | 1973-10-30 | Monsanto Co | Production of carboxylic acids and esters |
| FR2218379B1 (pt) * | 1973-02-16 | 1981-05-08 | Chevron Res | |
| US5138093A (en) * | 1975-03-10 | 1992-08-11 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for preparing ethylidene diacetate |
| US4083771A (en) * | 1976-09-01 | 1978-04-11 | Uop Inc. | Hydrorefining of petroleum fraction utilizing a catalyst prepared with an anion complex of a group VI-B and a group VIII metal component |
| JPS5452025A (en) * | 1977-09-28 | 1979-04-24 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | Preparation of ester |
| FR2455021A1 (fr) * | 1979-04-25 | 1980-11-21 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Procede de preparation d'acides carboxyliques par carbonylation |
| US4210597A (en) * | 1979-05-14 | 1980-07-01 | Ethyl Corporation | Preparation of oxygenates from carbon monoxide and hydrogen |
| JPS56104838A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-08-20 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Preparation of acetic acid and/or methyl acetate |
| JPS56104839A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-08-20 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Preparation of acetic acid and/or methyl acetate |
| US4522934A (en) * | 1981-04-27 | 1985-06-11 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Vanadotungstomolybdophosphoric acid oxidation catalyst |
| JPS58119343A (ja) * | 1982-01-11 | 1983-07-15 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 排ガス浄化用触媒の製造方法 |
| DE3208572A1 (de) * | 1982-03-10 | 1983-09-22 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren und katalysator zur herstellung von methacrylsaeure |
| NZ204123A (en) * | 1982-05-15 | 1986-02-21 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Production of hydrocarbyl formates and formic acid |
| CA1212689A (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1986-10-14 | Steven P. Current | Alcohol carbonylation process using a nickel catalyst |
| JPS59139330A (ja) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-08-10 | Toyo Eng Corp | 酢酸メチル又は酢酸の合成方法 |
| JPS59172436A (ja) * | 1983-03-22 | 1984-09-29 | Hiroo Tominaga | ジメチルエ−テルのカルボニル化方法 |
| US4454244A (en) * | 1983-03-28 | 1984-06-12 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | New compositions |
| US4625050A (en) * | 1983-06-23 | 1986-11-25 | Chevron Research Company | Ether homologation to esters and alcohols using a heterogeneous sulfided catalyst |
| DE3323654A1 (de) * | 1983-07-01 | 1985-01-03 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren zur herstellung von essigsaeure und methylacetat |
| JPS60109584A (ja) * | 1983-11-17 | 1985-06-15 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリオキシテトラメチレングリコ−ルの解重合方法 |
| US4757044A (en) * | 1985-04-17 | 1988-07-12 | The Standard Oil Company | Lanthanide metal salts of heteropolyanions as catalysts for alcohol conversion |
| CA1291983C (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1991-11-12 | Keisuke Kinomura | Glycosidation catalyst and process for preparing glycoside derivatives |
| CA1305467C (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1992-07-21 | Nobumitsu Ohtake | Additive for the hydroconversion of a heavy hydrocarbon oil |
| FR2625598B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-30 | 1990-05-04 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Polymeres conducteurs electroniques dopes par des heteropolyanions, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation en catalyse chimique et electrochimique |
-
1988
- 1988-08-02 US US07/227,295 patent/US5218140A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-08-01 EP EP97101741A patent/EP0782979B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-01 JP JP1198116A patent/JPH0649661B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-01 ES ES97101741T patent/ES2142109T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-01 EP EP94100031A patent/EP0596859B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-01 DE DE68916718T patent/DE68916718T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-01 DE DE68929159T patent/DE68929159T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-01 ES ES89114222T patent/ES2056158T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-01 EP EP89114222A patent/EP0353722B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-01 BR BR898903850A patent/BR8903850A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-08-01 DE DE68928417T patent/DE68928417T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-01 ES ES94100031T patent/ES2108883T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-03-17 US US08/032,509 patent/US5330955A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0353722B1 (en) | 1994-07-13 |
| DE68929159T2 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
| EP0353722A2 (en) | 1990-02-07 |
| EP0782979B1 (en) | 2000-02-16 |
| EP0596859B1 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
| ES2108883T3 (es) | 1998-01-01 |
| ES2056158T3 (es) | 1994-10-01 |
| DE68916718D1 (de) | 1994-08-18 |
| US5218140A (en) | 1993-06-08 |
| JPH0649661B2 (ja) | 1994-06-29 |
| EP0596859A2 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
| DE68928417D1 (de) | 1997-12-04 |
| US5330955A (en) | 1994-07-19 |
| EP0353722A3 (en) | 1991-07-31 |
| EP0782979A1 (en) | 1997-07-09 |
| DE68929159D1 (de) | 2000-03-23 |
| DE68928417T2 (de) | 1998-02-26 |
| JPH02152937A (ja) | 1990-06-12 |
| ES2142109T3 (es) | 2000-04-01 |
| DE68916718T2 (de) | 1995-01-26 |
| EP0596859A3 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
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| FD3 | Appl. lapsed due to non-payment of renewal fee |