BG113238A - SINGLE-PHASE POWER SWITCH FOR STEP VOLTAGE REGULATOR OF COLUMN TYPE - Google Patents

Abstract

The supporting housing of the power switch is composed of an insulating cylinder (1), a metal bottom (2) and an insulating disc (3). Two main vacuum arc extinguishing chambers (9, 10) located next to each other are attached to it by means of a common metal carrier (8). An internal contact arc (14) is mounted on the carrier (8) via a bracket (13), which is alternatively connected to a left contact arc (15) and a right contact arc (16) via contact slats (18) with contact springs (19). The lamellae (18) are fixed on a carrier (20) mounted by means of an insulating element (21) to a drive shaft (4) bearing in the center of the bottom (2). The movable contact elements (30) of the two main vacuum chambers (9, 10) are connected by two L-shaped levers (35), bearing on supports (36), fixed to the bottom (2). Between the two levers (35) also towards the bottom (2) is a bearing drive lever (42) with a bearing (43) on top and with a two-armed lever (40) which is connected to the necks (39) of the two L-shaped levers (35) . During the shift, a cam (44) interacts with the bearing (43) so that the two main vacuum chambers (9, 10) operate synchronized in parallel. In this way, the rated current of the power switch is doubled. Opposite the main vacuum chambers (9, 10) on the disk (3) by means of a carrier (11), an auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (12) is fixed. An internal contact arc (22) is mounted on a bracket (23), attached to the disk (3), which is alternately connected to left (24) and right (25) contact arcs through contact lamellas (27) established on a carrier (28). , fixed by means of an insulating element (29) to a tubular shaft (5), bearing coaxially on a shaft (4). A movable contact element (30) is connected to an L-shaped lever (35) with a bearing (37) on top. This bearing (37) is periodically acted upon during the shift by a cam (38) mounted on the tubular shaft (5). For one shift, the shaft (4) rotates 120 degrees and, by means of a known free-angle coupling, turns the tubular shaft (5) 40 degrees at the end of the shift. This achieves a separate disconnection of the nominal and the circulating current.

Description

SINGLE-PHASE POWER SWITCH FOR STEP VOLTAGE REGULATOR OF COLUMN TYPE

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to a power switch of a step regulator, which is built into power transformers with regulation of the voltage under load. The power switch is the most important unit of the step controller because it switches the operating currents without interrupting the power supply to the users. Power switches of modern type have vacuum arc suppression chambers. Their parameters also regulate the parameters of the step controller. Step regulators of the so-called column type are also used. They have three single-phase power switches mounted one below the other in a common oil tank, most often insulated from each other. A significant problem with these step regulators is how to increase the rated current using available vacuum arc quenching chambers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A single-phase power switch for a column-type step controller (1) is known, comprising a support housing consisting of an insulating cylinder, a round metal bottom and an insulating disk to which a main vacuum arc quenching chamber and an auxiliary vacuum arc chamber are attached by metal supports. In the center of the housing is mounted to the bottom and the insulating disk drive shaft. A coaxial tubular insulating shaft is mounted on it. The main vacuum arc quenching chamber is connected to a main contact system consisting of an internal arc and two external contact arcs with an insulating gap between them, fixed on the inner surface of the insulating cylinder. The inner arc and the outer arches are connected by contact slats mounted on a bracket mounted to the drive shaft.

The auxiliary vacuum arc quenching chamber is connected to an auxiliary contact system consisting of an internal contact arc, two external contact arcs and contact lamellas mounted on a bracket mounted on the tubular shaft. The movable contacts of the two vacuum chambers are connected to the same opening and closing mechanisms consisting of a guide, an L-shaped lever with a bearing on the upper end of the vertical arm and contact springs. During switching, a cam mounted on the drive shaft interacts with the bearing of the main vacuum chamber and a cam mounted on the tubular insulating shaft interacts with the bearing of the auxiliary vacuum chamber.

The disadvantage of this single-phase power switch is that the rated current and the switching capacity of the power switch are regulated by these parameters of the main vacuum arc quenching chamber. Higher parameters in this design cannot be achieved. Another disadvantage is that there is no space in the housing for current-limiting resistors. They must be mounted above the insulating disc, which significantly increases the height.

Another single-phase power switch for a column-type step controller (2) is also known. It also has a support body consisting of an insulating cylinder, a metal bottom and an insulating disk, to which two main vacuum arc quenching chambers and one auxiliary vacuum arc quenching chamber located between them are attached by metal supports. The main vacuum arc quenching chambers are connected to a main contact system, which has two branches with one high-speed disconnector. Here the electrical circuit is different. One main vacuum chamber opens in one switching direction and the second main vacuum chamber in the opposite direction. The auxiliary vacuum arc quenching chamber has a contact system which connects it at the end of the switch in parallel with one or the other main vacuum chamber. The mechanisms for opening and closing the vacuum chambers are the same as in (1). In the middle of the support housing is mounted only one drive shaft with one combined cam, which successively switches off and on the three vacuum chambers. This shaft also drives the contact systems. A resistor is mounted in the space opposite the three vacuum chambers.

The disadvantage of this single-phase power switch is that it also cannot provide higher rated currents and switching capacity compared to those regulated. from the main vacuum arc quenching chambers. Another disadvantage is that the single-phase power switch has a more complex design.

TECHNICAL SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION ** »

The object of the invention is to provide a single-phase power switch for a column-type step controller, which provides twice the rated current and switching capacity compared to the available vacuum arc suppression chambers, without increasing the overall dimensions. Also to provide a unified design of two power switches - is the parameters guaranteed by vacuum arc quenching chambers and with twice the parameters.

The problem is solved with a single-phase power switch comprising a bearing housing of an insulating cylinder, a round metal bottom and an insulating disk, on which a main vacuum arc quenching chamber connected to a main contact system and an auxiliary vacuum arc quenching system are connected by metal brackets. In the middle of the support housing is a bearing drive shaft, which carries the contact slats of the main contact system. Coaxially to the drive shaft is a bearing tubular shaft which carries the contact lamellas of the auxiliary contact system. The movable contacts of the vacuum arc suppression chambers are connected to mechanisms for their opening and closing.

According to the invention, two main vacuum arc quenching chambers are located next to each other and are attached to an insulating disk by a common metal support. An internal contact arc is mounted on it via a bracket, which is connected by contact lamellas with a left contact arc and alternatively with a right contact arc mounted on an insulating cylinder. The contact slats are mounted on a bracket mounted on a drive shaft mounted in the middle of the support housing. Thus, the two main vacuum arc-quenching chambers are connected in parallel and are opened and closed simultaneously by a mechanism consisting of a lever with a bearing on top and two symmetrical arms on a two-arm lever. This lever is connected to the necks of two L-shaped levers connected to the movable contacts of the two main vacuum arc suppression chambers by means of contact spring guides. There is a cam on the drive shaft that periodically comes into contact with both arms of the lever bearing when switching.

Opposite the main vacuum chamber and the main contact system is an auxiliary vacuum arc quenching chamber with an auxiliary contact system. The auxiliary vacuum chamber is mounted on the insulating disk on which a bracket with an internal contact arc is mounted. This arc is connected alternately to the left contact arc and the right contact arc by lamellae mounted on a support mounted on a tubular shaft. The movable contact of the auxiliary vacuum arc-quenching chamber is connected by a guide with a L-shaped lever to a bearing on top, which periodically contacts during switching with a cam mounted on the tubular shaft. In order to self-adjust to simultaneously open the two main vacuum arc suppression chambers, the two-arm lever is mounted on the neck of the drive lever with a bearing. This lever and the two L-shaped levers located on both sides are mounted on an axis mounted on a common support mounted on the bottom. There are two free spaces between the two main vacuum arc quenching chambers and the auxiliary vacuum arc quenching chamber in which resistors are mounted. The two left arcs of the main contact system and the auxiliary contact system are connected by insulated conductors. The same goes for both right arches. The rotation of the tubular shaft during switching is carried out by the drive shaft in the last one third of its rotation by means of a known clutch with an idle coupling. For example, when rotating the drive shaft 120 ° in one shift, the tubular shaft rotates 40 °.

Alternatively, the auxiliary contact system consists of a current-carrying plate mounted on a bracket mounted on the insulating disc. The tile has an axle on which is mounted a carrier with contact slats. They alternately connect the plate with the left contact arc, respectively - with the right contact arc, mounted on the insulating cylinder. The carrier has a channel into which a drive roller of an insulating arm caught on the tubular shaft enters. The construction makes it possible to implement two unified power switches. When using one main vacuum chamber, the rated switching current is determined by its rated current, and with two vacuum chambers connected in parallel, the rated current is doubled.

Three contact rings are mounted on the floor around the insulating cylinder. The upper one is connected to the left contact arc, the middle one to the right contact arc, and the lower one to the bottom. For a three-phase column-type step controller, the three single-phase power switches are mounted on one floor below the other, interconnected by insulating cylinders or insulating rails. The three drive shafts are connected to each other and to a spring-energy accumulator by means of intermediate insulating shafts.

An advantage of the single-phase power switch according to the invention is that a power switch with one main vacuum arc quenching chamber with a rated current determined by its parameters

can be converted into a power switch with double rated current by using two main vacuum arc quenching chambers without increasing the overall dimensions. Another advantage is that the single-phase power switch is separated as a separate mounting unit.

EXPLANATION OF THE ATTACHED FIGURES

An exemplary embodiment of a single-phase power switch for a column-type step controller according to the invention is shown in the attached figures, of which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the power switch.

Figure 2 - Top view (A) of the power switch.

Figure 3 - cross section (BB) above the actuators for opening and closing the vacuum arc extinguishing chambers.

Figure 4 - longitudinal section (C-C) through the two main vacuum arc quenching chambers connected in parallel.

Figure 5 - variant of the auxiliary contact system connected to the auxiliary vacuum arc quenching chamber.

EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The supporting structure of the power switch consists of an insulating cylinder 1, a round metal bottom 2 and a round insulating disk 3. In the center of the bottom 2 is a bearing drive shaft 4, around which is a tubular shaft 5. The drive shaft 4 has an upper terminal 6 and a lower terminal 7, which serve to connect to the other floor-mounted single-phase power switches. Two main vacuum arc suppression chambers 9 and 10 are mounted next to each other on the insulating disk 3 by a common metal support 8. contact arc 14. Against it on the insulating cylinder 1 are mounted a left contact arc 15 and a right contact arc 16 with an insulating gap 17 between them. The inner contact arc 14 is connected alternately to one of the two arcs 15 and 16 by contact lamellae 18 with contact springs 19 mounted on a support 20 fixed by an insulating element 21 to the drive shaft 4. The auxiliary contact system is similarly implemented. It has an inner contact arc 22 attached by a bracket 23 to the insulating disk 3. Opposite the insulating cylinder 1 are mounted a contact arc 24 and a right contact arc 25 with an insulating gap 26 between them. Contact lamellas 27 are mounted on a support 28, which is connected to the tubular shaft 5 by an insulating element 29.

The movable contact 30 of the vacuum arc suppression chambers is connected to a guide 31 via a screw connection 32 for adjusting the stroke. The guide is in a sleeve 33 mounted on the bottom 2 and containing a contact spring 34. The guide 31 of the auxiliary vacuum arc suppression chamber 12 is connected to the horizontal arm of an L-shaped lever 35 mounted on a bracket 36 mounted on the bottom 2. There is a bearing on top of the vertical arm 37, which periodically interacts with a cam 38 mounted on the tubular shaft 5. Each main vacuum arc chamber 9 and 10 also has a L-shaped lever 35, but instead of a bearing there is a neck 39 which is connected to a two-arm lever 40 (Fig. 3, Fig. 3). 4) mounted on the neck 41 of a centrally located lever 42. On top of the lever 42 there is a bearing 43 which periodically interacts with a cam 44 mounted on a shaft 4. The levers 35 and 42 are mounted by an axis 45 and rolling bearings to a common carrier 46 at the bottom 2.

Three contact rings 47, 48 and 49 are arranged around the insulating cylinder 1. The ring 47 is connected to the left arc 15 by a current-carrying element 50 directed upwards. Ring 48 is connected to the right arc 16 by a downward guide member 51. Ring 49 is connected directly to the bottom 2. The three rings are additionally attached to cylinder 1 by bushings 52 and screws 53. The rings are electrically connected to known and not shown fixed contact elements attached to an insulating cylinder of the common oil vessel by means of movable contacts. bridges. Arcs 15 and 24, respectively 16 and 25 are connected by insulated conductors. In the space between the main and auxiliary contact systems are located known resistors 54. At the lower end of the shaft 4. is mounted a buffer arm 55 limited in both end positions by unshown supports attached to the bottom 2.

In FIG. 5 shows a variant of the auxiliary contact system. A current-carrying plate 57 with a bearing axis 58 is mounted on a bracket 56 mounted on a disk 3. A carrier 59 of contact lamellae 60 is mounted on it, which alternately connects the plate 57 to arcs 61 and 62, with an insulating gap 63. B channel 64 of the carrier 59 moves a roller 65 fixed by an insulating arm 66 to the tubular shaft 5. The switching is done as follows. Known spring energy, the battery rotates abruptly shaft 4 in the case of 120 °. After about 40 ° hump 44 switches off the two main vacuum arc suppression chambers 9'T! 10 and the contact lamellae 18 are transferred without current from the arc 15 to the arc 16. About 40 ° before the end position a known freewheel clutch transmits the rotation from shaft 4 to the tubular shaft 5. current-free from arc 24 to arc 25. The auxiliary contact system of FIG. 5. The reverse switching is done in the same way.

Claims (7)

1. Single-phase power switch for step voltage regulator of column type, comprising a supporting housing of an insulating cylinder, a round metal bottom and an insulating disk to which a main vacuum arc quenching chamber connected to a main contact system and an auxiliary vacuum chamber is attached by metal supports connected to the auxiliary contact system, in the middle of the bearing housing is mounted a drive shaft bearing contact slats of the main contact system, and coaxially on it is a bearing tubular shaft bearing contact slats of the auxiliary contact system, the movable contacts of vacuum arc chambers are connected to for their opening and closing, characterized in that the two main vacuum arc-quenching chambers (9 and 10) are located next to each other and are attached to an insulating disk (3) by a common metal bracket (8) on which a bracket is mounted 13) with an internal contact arc (14) connected by contact lamellas (18) established n a shaft-driven carrier (20) with a left contact arc (15) and alternatively a right contact arc (16) mounted on an insulating cylinder (1), thus the two main vacuum arc quenching chambers (9, 10). (are connected in parallel and open and close simultaneously by a mechanism consisting of a lever (42) with a bearing (43) on top and two symmetrical arms of a two-arm lever (40) connected to the necks (39) of two L-shaped levers (35 ) connected to the movable contacts (30) of the two vacuum arc suppression chambers (9, 10) by guides (31), and during switching it contacts the bearing (43) of the lever (42) and also an auxiliary vacuum arc extinguishing chamber (12). (is mounted) on the insulating disk (3), on which is mounted a bracket (23) with an internal contact arc (22) connected by contact slats (27) mounted on a tubular shaft (5) carrier (28) with a left contact arc 24) and alternatively - with the right contact arc (25) mounted on the insulating cylinder (1), as the movable contact (30) of the auxiliary vacuum arc quenching chamber (12) is connected by a guide (31) to an L-shaped lever (35) with a bearing (37) on top, which periodically contacts during switching with a cam (38) mounted on the tubular shaft (5). Single-phase power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that for self-adjustment the two-arm lever (40) is mounted on the neck (41) of the lever (42) by sliding or rolling bearings, and the lever (42) and located by its two sides L-shaped levers (35) are mounted on an axis (45) mounted on a common support (46) mounted on the bottom (2). ^- Single-phase power switch according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that resistors (54) and an arc are mounted in the spaces around the two main vacuum arc quenching chambers (9, 10) and the opposing auxiliary vacuum arc quenching chamber (12). (15) and arc (24), respectively arc (16) and arc (25) are connected by insulated conductors. Single-phase power switch according to Claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the tubular shaft (5) is rotated by the drive shaft (4) by means of a free-angle clutch in the last one third of the angle of rotation of the drive shaft (4) or, in this case, the drive shaft (4) is rotated 120 ° in one shift and the tubular shaft (5) is rotated 40 ° at the end of the shift. Single-phase power switch according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that as an option the auxiliary contact system is a drain plate (57) mounted on a bracket (56) mounted on the insulating disk (3), as on bearing axle (58) caught on the plate (57) is a bearing carrier (59) of contact lamellae (60) establishing a connection between the plate (57) and alternately with right arc (62) and left arc (61), and the carrier (59) there is a channel (64) into which enters a drive roller (65) mounted on an insulating arm (66) caught on the tubular shaft (5). Single-phase power switch according to Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that three contact rings (47, 48, 49) are arranged on the floor around the insulating cylinder (1) as the uppermost ring (47). ) is connected to the arc (15) by a current-carrying element (50), the middle ring (48) is connected to the arc (16) by a current-carrying element (51), and the lower ring (49) is connected to the bottom (2). Single-phase power switch according to Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, characterized in that three single-phase power switches are arranged in floors one below the other in a column of a three-phase "power switch", connected to each other with insulating cylinders or insulating rails, and the terminals (6, 7) of the drive shaft (4) are coupled to each other with insulating shafts.