BG109471A - Method and device for distillation and/or rectification at reduced pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The method comprises evaporation and condensation under reduced pressure conditions, such pressure being created through the liquid columns of the original liquid and the obtained liquefied product. The original liquid is fed and heated in a circulation circle shaped by an ascending and a descending flow of the liquid, the reduced pressure values being kept stable by means of an external source. The device for realizing the method consists of an original liquid tank (1) connected to an evaporation chamber (4) through two pipes (2 and 3) immersed in the tank (1). A heat exchanger (5) is provided for one of the pipes (2). The pipes (2 and 3) shape a circulation circle, the ascending flow passing through the heat exchanger (5) to the evaporation chamber (4), while the descending flow passes from the chamber (4) through the circulation pipe (3) to the original liquid tank (1). The chamber (4) is connected to a condenser-cooler (8), to which a pipe (9) immersed in a tank (10) for the obtained product is connected as well as a receiver. (11). A level breaker (14) with a float is provided in the chamber (4), and a vacuum pump (13) is connected to the receiver (11) through a return valve (12). When performing rectification under the method, a rectification column (15) and a dephlegmator (16) are connected to the evaporation chamber (4). For the purpose of continuous rectification, a pipe (18) is connected to the column (15), such pipe being immersed in an additional tank (17) for the original liquid, and an additional pipe for leading the liquid out is connected the tank (1). In the case of a polycomponent mixture, more than one pipes (9 and 20) may be connected to the condenser-cooler (8), such pipes being immersed in separate tanks (10 and 21) for the products obtained.