BE1012160A7 - System alternately applying the force of gravity and then Archimedes principle to a floating object, for the purpose of producing quasi-perpetual motion, and therefore energy - Google Patents

Abstract

System moving alternately from an air medium to a liquid column one or more bodies of mass "M" and of the smallest possible volumic weight (making them floating) so that they are there subject to, firstly the force of gravity, then an upward thrust equal to the volume of liquid displaced (Archimedes principle), bringing them back to their starting point. This quasi-spontaneous and perpetual motion generates a resulting force transmitted by any means to generators and intended to produce electrical energy. Use of two natural non-polluting and immutable forces, in order to produce energy.<IMAGE>

Description

       

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  SYSTEM THAT ALTERNATIVELY IMPOSES THE FORCE OF GRAVITY THEN. THE ARCHIMEDE PRINCIPLE HAS A FLOATING OBJECT IN ORDER TO PRODUCE A QUASI-PERPETUAL MOVEMENT. SO AN ENERGY.



  1. General description of the principles used:
In nature, there are two permanent physical forces, immutable and in opposite directions, which are the gravity and the thrust suffered by any body immersed in a liquid according to the Archimedes Principle. If we manage to couple them, that is to say to impose on the same body of mass * M *, first one, that is to say the force G. causing the said body released from a height H, down, then the other, that is Archimedes' push, bringing the same body back to its initial point, we therefore generate a movement of the mass from top to bottom, then from bottom to top, with return to the point starting and applying force G again. On the body and so on.



   From this almost perpetual and spontaneous movement, can therefore result, by any adequate transmission (belt, chain, gear, ... or any other system, ...) a driving force or other intended to produce. energy (mechanical, electrical, ...) one of the basic principles of the invention is therefore to use one or more objects 0, of mass M and density P making this body as floating as possible in a fluid FL (salt water, ...) also favoring their buoyancy as much as possible therefore the push that the object 0 "will undergo upwards, when it passes from an aerial C1 compartment, where it undergoes the force F> 1 towards that ( liquid C2) where it will undergo the thrust according to the Archimedes Principle.

   The object 0 JJ, released from a height H ", undergoes the force G and after a uniformly accelerated movement, will touch the ground after a time T depending on the height at which it will be released and its surface of resistance to air but not of its mass, on the other hand, any body immersed in a liquid undergoes a thrust from bottom to top directly proportional to the volume of liquid displaced.



   The more the object has a low density and lower than that of the liquid in which it is immersed, the greater the upward thrust. It is the principle of buoyancy which allows, among other things, to see steel ships floating in the hundreds of thousands of tonnes or even to bring up to the surface, sunken boats by wrapping them in sheaths connected to large balloons inflated with gas. .



   The invention therefore uses an object of mass M ,,, which released in a first compartment C1, will undergo the terrestrial attraction but of density such that it will be floating, unsinkable and that, when it is passed through a compartment C2 filled with salt water (or other fluid favoring buoyancy as much as possible) it will undergo a thrust from bottom to top, returning it to the air compartment C1 from which it comes initially in order to undergo again the terrestrial attraction and force G which will bring it back to the ground, then to compartment C2, and so on.



   The movement generates a force F resulting from the couple of two opposite forces. If the object (s) concerned by a transmission system (belt, chain, etc.) are connected to, for example, a generator

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 electric, the resulting force F will cause the rotation of the axis of this electric generator (the armature in the inductor) therefore a production of electricity.



   In one of the exemplary embodiments described below, two similar masses ° M1 and M2 are used which are connected together by a transmission strap; the movement of the two masses causes the rotation of one or more axis (s) of dynamo or electric generator. Several prototypes are possible: 'with a mass, two masses linked together or independent.



     The transmission of the force resulting from the movement of the mass or masses can be done towards one or more rotary axis (s) producing as a result the desired energy. This or these axes can be separated, at the center of the system or at the periphery. The object of the invention is therefore to produce an energy inducing force from existing natural, permanent and non-polluting physical forces.



  He. Description of non-exhaustive examples of implementation:
A) Two masses linked together by a belt:
Let us take for example two round masses with the smallest density possible, linked together by the belt which will transmit the force resulting from the movement of these two masses to one or more electric generators.



   1) Let us recall some definitions:
The mass of a body is the constant ratio of the force acting on this body to the acceleration that this force communicates to it. M = F / a.



   The intensity of a force is the product of the measurement of the mass on which it acts and the measurement of the acceleration that it communicates to it.



  Force unit: Newton = 1 kg x 1 m / s2.



   The weight of a body is the measure of the force exerted by the Earth on the mass of this body.



   The study of the free fall of bodies shows that a falling body takes a uniformly accelerated movement whose acceleration of gravity is represented by G. (p = mg.)
A body withdrawn from the action of gravity therefore has zero weight, while its mass remains invariable, ie M = F / a; she can therefore continue to be subjected to force. However, in the invention, the passage of the mass of density as small as possible in a liquid compartment subtracts it almost completely from gravity and subjects it to a new force of opposite direction thanks to its buoyancy These two opposite forces provide

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 work numerically equal to the product of the intensity of the force by the length of the displacement. T = F x dist. And whose unit is the Joule, that is to say 1 Joule = 1 Newton x 1 meter.



   The total power of the system will be expressed in Watt, that is to say, the total work in Newton provided by the system in one second, from which it will eventually be necessary to deduct any work to be provided for the proper functioning of the system. (Possibly, pumping of recovery water, operation of the valves, ...) in order to obtain the actual final power and the percentage efficiency of the system.



   Notion of density p: p = ratio of the mass of a body and its volume p = MN = Kg / m3 p of water 103 Kgl m3 sea water = 1166 Kg / m3.



   The lower the density of the masses concerned by the movement of the invention, and the higher the liquid density, the greater the force undergone by the mass or masses. Therefore, the greater the thrust bringing the mass (es) back into the aerial behavior.



   2) Examples of description of the masses and their system of. mobilization.



   The masses can be aerodynamically shaped in order to reduce the friction of the air in the compartment C1 and to increase the force G.



   In the example taken in diagram A, the masses will be round, made of wood or hollow metal filled with air, gas or any other material making their buoyancy as great as possible.



   They are connected by two rods T1, T2 to small ball bearings, balls R1, R2 themselves anchored in rigid sheaths G1, G2 included in a fixed frame intended to support the whole system.



   In compartment C 1 (V General diagram), the frame is limited to the gutters and their support therefore, not closed in order to minimize the compression of the air generated by the movement of the mass during its descent, therefore the resistance opposed to the movement thereof.



  On the other hand, C2, liquid compartment, is closed and hermetic.



   On the lower face of the upper sheath (Gs) and the upper face of the lower sheath (Gi), are anchored balls or bearings in contact with the ball bearings R 1 and R2 of the rods carrying the masses M1 and M2.



   This allows a movement almost free of friction, therefore with a minimum loss of force
The ball bearings R1 and R2 are extended outwards by other transmission rods (T3, T4, as thin as possible + or-the same thickness as the belt) on which the belt, chain or any another system ... which will transmit the forces of mass movement to an electric generator

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   3) General description of the system: (diagram B)
10 Description of a type of path imposed on M1 and M2 in the system used as an example (two masses connected by the transmission belt). The masses M1 and M2 move therefore thanks to the ball bearings to which they are connected.

   Their course is located first in a first compartment in the open air C1, then in an intermediate compartment Ci limited by two hermetic valves V1 and V2 and finally ends in a column of liquid C2, ie different successive phases, phase 1 by force of gravity at the start M1 is in D; the liquid column, therefore C2 and Ci are drowned; M1 is selected, M2 is at A.



  We start the movement; M1 arrives in zone A, given the slope 1 and the pawl 2, it undergoes the force G. And will move downwards on the ball bearings, at this moment, M2 has already undergone the force G and is in position zone C.



   The vertical fall having caused a significant acceleration, the force developed by M2 is substantial; there is therefore a risk of having a significant impact between the bearings and the curved angle of the gutter at point C.



  To reduce the shock, we can consider a curved gutter path at the points where the masses change direction, ie A, B, C, D. To reduce the impact and not damage the moving parts, it is therefore necessary that a large part of the force developed by the MRUA undergone by M2 is recovered by its transformation into motive energy transmitted by the belt. We can therefore consider, for example, that this transmission is made to the dynamo axis by the belt coupled to a kind of automatic car gearbox or bicycle derailleur. Similarly, the recovery of the force produced by the mass is almost zero at point A, the start of the race in order to allow easy movement, while it will be greater in C in order to reduce the impact due to the mass drop.

   An exact study of the forces, masses, heights and resistance of the materials will make it possible to precisely calculate the transmission logic to be applied. In C, M2 therefore has a speed and a force transmitted to the axis of the dynamo, but also to M1 since the two masses are connected by the transmission belt, although M1 already has its own upward propelling force (Principle Archimedes), it will also be pulled by the belts to exit the fluid compartment. A pawl placed on or in the internal wall of the ducts G1 and G2 and will allow the passage of T1 T2 upwards, but not its backward movement The pawl will be placed at a height which will prevent M1 and M2 from going back down and will force them to start their course in the gutter of the path concerned and to undergo either the G force or the Archimedes push.



  When M1 arrives in zone B, M2 is then in zone D, the valve N01 closes, isolating the intermediate compartment, that is to say the one created between the

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 valve 1 and valve 2, while at the same time, valve 2 opens, letting water enter the intermediate compartment, which thus becomes an integral part of the fluid compartment C2, the Ci is therefore in alternating air, then fluid.



   Water is immediately replaced by a system of communicating vessels connecting C2 at a point Y, located in the most adequate way to avoid backwash, with a water reserve placed above its level.



   M2 with its speed acquired in phase 1, arrives at D, or exceeds it.



  A ratchet placed on the T1 or T2 and the sheaths (see above) prevents it from falling, it then undergoes: Phase 2
Its low density makes it undergo an upward push, it thus exceeds the valve 2 which closes and again ensures the tightness of the fluid compartment C2 while the valve 1 opens to let pass M1 while the valve 3 also opens to drain the water from the intermediate compartment, which becomes aerial again. M2 thus arrives at A, the pawl 2 prevents it from coming back down, M1 returns to C, the movement continues so on ...



   However, when M1 travels 1 + 2, M2 travels 3 and goes to A.



   When M1 goes to D, M2 goes to B, then travels 2 + 1 while M1 goes back 3 to go to A, it will only be there when M1 has traveled 2 + 1 'and will be in D. Now, for To get there, V1 must be open. The valves must therefore operate in such a way that as soon as the mass passes through V2, it closes and causes the opening of V1 to allow the twin mass to reach zone D. On the other hand, the closure of V1 can only be done when it is certain that the mass having undergone Archimedes' push in compartment C2 has arrived at A in order to allow the opening of V2, without this, the fluid compartment would flood the intermediate compartment whereas the mass therein would not yet have started its journey on slope 1, so would come back down at the same time as the upper level of the liquid in the C2.

   The two masses would moreover be together in the new fluid compartment Ci + C2 thus created. The opening of V2 and the closing of V1, will therefore only take place when the mass having undergone the force G will be in D. In order to be sure that the second mass having undergone Archimedes' push is at A., blocked by its pawl and ready to start its path 1 under the action of force G. The contact of this pawl can possibly serve as a pulse signal opening for V2, closing for V1 ..



    Notes on pawl 2:
Any other system preventing the mass from descending and forcing it to start its race on the N01 slope can also be used. For example:
A retractable system for the passage of T1 put back in place (pushed back by a spring) after the passage of the latter.



   (See diagram A) We can consider providing this mechanical part with an ascent system, which pushes T1 to

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 starting point of slope 1 where the mass will again undergo the force G.



      Electric fin system that will support and propel M to its starting point on slope 1.



   Small valve system in the inner wall of the compartment
C2 (see Diagram B), the valve rises, raises the water level in C2, therefore the height of the mass travel towards
A, then, as soon as the mass is engaged in slope 1, retraction of said valve while the mass freely begins its movement from A to B.



   We can also consider that the mass propelled by the Archimedes Principle rises slightly above A, a ratchet prevents it from falling and forces it to engage in an inverse curve bringing it back on slope 1 at J (V diagram B).



   The heights and distances 1,2, 3 as well as the sizes of the masses and compartments will be studied so that the filling and emptying of the intermediate compartment as well as the movements of the hermetic valves and the replacement of the water by the communicating vessel have the time to get done. When the masses are subjected to the force G, only their air resistance surfaces and the height of the fall will influence the MRUA and not the mass itself. The two masses having the same exposure surface, the density will therefore be established so that the speed of ascent into the water is as much as possible the speed of descent into the air compartment.

   In addition, in this example, the two masses being connected in a closed circuit by the transmission belt, the movement of one is synchronized by the other; or, at least, are they interdependent; for example, that arriving at C will exert traction on the second favoring its engagement in the slope 1. This aspect is also found in the example of transmission distributed in separate compartments envisaged below; Indeed, (see Diagram H) the fact of connecting two axes between them (for example: axes 9 and 10) automatically results in the influence of the movement of one mass on the movement of the other through transmission chains where the said masses cling.



   20 Second type of journey:
The two compartments are distributed in a circle (see Diagram A ").



   At point A, the mass undergoes terrestrial attraction, it descends, passes valve 1 which closes; V2 opens, the mass rises in C2. The reasoning is always the same, except for the facts that in this case: 0 the impact, during the fall of the mass in C1, is nonexistent. the mass M1, if it is floating in its entirety, will go up in the liquid column until its center is in Ax.



   The pull exerted by M2, after having undergone G combined with the push that M1 underwent in C2, should be enough for the latter to exceed A to undergo in turn the force G, if not, a

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 simple additional push caused by any propulsion system, will generate this movement.



   4) Hermeticity of the intermediate and fluid compartments:
The compartment C2, must, when the valve 2 is closed, be completely hermetic and retain the water or the chosen fluid so that the mass which is located there can undergo Archimedes' push and rise towards the surface in its gutters. circulation to point A. Similarly, when V2 is opened with V1 closed, the intermediate compartment becomes liquid and must be sealed in order to keep the fluid coming from C2 there. It is therefore necessary for the mass to continue its journey without the fluid leaving the new compartment Ci + C2 created. The various possibilities envisaged will influence the type of valves at least their surfaces, their structure and their configuration.

   In all cases, unlike C1, Ci and C2 consist of complete walls closed in a box in which G1 and G2 are included and allowing only the moving valves to pass.



    Examples of solutions: (any solution already existing on the market can be used) a) The simplest is to seal the internal walls of the compartments from the level of valve 1, while allowing the movement of the masses on their bearing at balls R1 and R2 in the sheaths G1 and G2, The internal wall of G1 and G2 can be closed by valves cut in angle and retractable at the time of the passage of T1 and T2. These pieces can be completed by another smaller and hermetic one fixed on T1 and covering on the outside (outside always seen in relation to the center of the mass M) the space opened by T1 in G1, during its passage through the wall internal this part preventing the flow of water-Diagram A '.



   These retractable parts can be incorporated in the ducts G1 and G2 and carry the balls of the gutters. As R1 passes, they will open just enough to let T1 and T2 or T3 T4 pass and then close (diagram C) b) We create a fixed gallery, external to G1 G2, extending their upper and lower walls as far as the fixed frame; over their entire length in the intermediate compartment and the fluid compartment from V1.



   In this case, V1 and V2 extend to the outer edge of the outer wall of G1 and G2 (V Diagram A and diagram D).



   If a transmission belt is used, it will be fixed on T3-T4 which will be steel strips (or other), the thinnest possible.



  In the compartment described above, which therefore extends outside the sheaths, from V1 to the top of C2, we hang in the fixed wall and the external wall of G1 and G2, at V1 and V2, two rollers extending in said walls by ball bearings their

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 allowing to turn on themselves by letting the belt pass and ensuring the tightness of the new external compartment created.

   (diagram A and D-top view). c) In the same context of new external compartmentalisation, the transmission can be done by a link chain; in this case, the communication surface created by the passage of the chain between C1 and Ci and Ci and C2 at the level of the external compartment at G1 and G2 (and / or T3 and T4 entrain the chain) is weaker and made hermetic by the small box stuffed with grease in which the chain passes between two gears: an upper, a lower. (Diagram D).



   In the case where the two masses are not directly connected to each other, there is no need for continuity of the belt or of the transmission chain between the three compartments, the hermeticity problem therefore no longer arises, since the valves V1 and V2 will suffice to ensure this at each passage of the masses in the compartments to be isolated independently of each other; no room should be simultaneously in both.



   5) Examples of valve types:
The valves should be made of as light a material as possible to reduce the work required for their mobilization. They can be activated electrically or mechanically. In the first case, an IR beam, cut by the passage of the mass at D where a switch connected to the pawl 1 will trigger the closing of V1 and the opening of V2. The passage of the mass after V2 will do the opposite. Closing of V2 + opening of V3 + V1 and emptying of the intermediate compartment. The principle remains the same with mechanical opening and closing. In particular for the Christmas valve, it can be closed by force G., thanks to its own weight.

   For example, we can imagine a pulley on ratchet, winding a cable intended to raise the V1 At the time of the passage of the mass (M1 or M2), the end of the rod T1 or T4 releases the ratchet, or any another blocking system releasing the pulley which, under the weight of V1, will turn and allow V1 to descend. If V1 is connected to V2 by two cables on a pulley, closing V1 causes or facilitates opening V2. If we manage to seal the inner wall of G1 and G2 (V. before 4a) in Ci and C2, the valves will obstruct all the light going from the upper wall to the lower wall of the fixed frame, in the thickness of the internal walls of G & and G2 (diagram F for example).



   If, on the other hand, we cannot seal the internal wall of G1 and G2 over the entire height corresponding to Ci + C2 and we use solutions 4 b and c, the valves will occupy a lateral area ranging from outer edge of the outer wall of G 1 to the outer edge of the outer wall of G2 in front of the hermeticity systems 4b or 4c. In this case, when they are removed, the valves will leave a void of beads in the wall

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 upper and lower of G1 and G2. They will therefore be extended by rods supporting sections of ball sheaths (type G1-Gé) which will fit into the void to fill the absence of rolling allowing progression without friction or snag of R1 and R2 (V.

   Diagram F)
One can also consider a rotary and alternative valve; two axes of rotation external to the fixed frame and located more or less on either side of point D, rotate a drum or half drum; much like a paddle wheel or a washing machine drum; The wall of the drum is alternately full (valve) then empty so that the reciprocating or rotational movement imparted to the solid part, allows the latter to act as a closing valve when it is fitted between the walls of 'a compartment while the vacuum following it will act as an open valve.



  Thus, V2 (full part in place in C2) is closed. The drum turns, the solid part (currently V2) also turns; fit into C1 acting as closed V1, and leaving the empty part in its place, ie open V2.



   B. Other examples of construction with two independent masses.



     ! l Example of embodiment especially envisaged in the case where it would be impossible to seal the ducts G1, G2) of circulation in the intermediate and fluid compartments because of the continuity of the belt between the two masses and through the three compartments; in this case, the transmission belt is not fixed on the outer support rod T3 and / or T4, but tensioned between the small transmission axes of the generators themselves. These axes may however not directly induce the production of electric current, but be free. In this case, they will only be used for the transmission of the force produced by the movement of the masses to a central axis, the rotation of which will be directly inductive of an electrical production.

   The belt or the transmission chain has an anchor point where a hook included in the external rods T3 T4 will be hooked (or any other attachment or drive system)
For example, (See Diagram A 3), retractable hook system: (clothespin type). At point A, the hook secures the transmission belt thanks to the anchoring ring provided for this purpose on its upper face and causes its movement. Arrived at the level of valve 1, an angled stopper opens the clamp, therefore lifts the retractable hooking lug inserted in T3 and T4 and releases the belt which circulates outside the intermediate and fluid compartments (diagram H), around of its own axes 1,2, 3 4.



   After this course, the latching system, under the action of pressure exerted by a compressed return spring during the previous phase or any other pressure / counter pressure system, takes its place again to re-secure the belt located in the Ci around the axes 5,6, 7,8 and independent of the previous belt, at least inside Ci. The axes 5, 6, 7,8 of the intermediate compartment will be driven by the movement of this belt .

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   Arriving at valve 2, same re-release operation with angled stopper, then passed this valve, the hook resumes its stowage of the belt and thus drives the axes 9,10, 11,12 according to the same principle as above.



   Arrived at the point corresponding to the axis 10 new stopper so that the hook is again tied to the transmission circuit of the axes 1,2, 3,4.



  The axes and the belt circuits can be made interdependent thanks to a possible coupling by an entirely external belt connecting for example two axes, the 1 and the 9.



   Consequently, when M1 unhooks the belt at the level of valve 1, M2 takes over as regards the movement imposed on the axes 1,2, 3,4.



   In the case considered above, three separate and independent transmission zones are therefore created, each corresponding to a compartment C1, Ci, or C2, thus avoiding the problems of hermetic insulation of the compartments Ci and C2, since each compartment has its own transmission system without any passage from one to the other affecting its tightness by letting pass the fluid intended to allow the application of the Archimedes Principle, therefore to do reassemble the mass concerned towards point A. b) In the case of the two independent balls with belt not crossing the three compartments. Another yet simpler system is possible. (Diagram i) The transmission system can be eliminated in one or two compartments.



   Indeed, one can realize according to diagram H, a simplified system where only the axes 1,2, 3,4 and 9,10, 11, 12 would be connected by transmission belt leaving the path of the masses M1 and M2 in the compartment completely free intermediary. Even simpler, we could even use only the force G. To produce electrical energy, thanks to the rotation of the axes 1,2, 3,4 The Archimedes Principle and its thrust only serving to bring back the mass at point A. In this case (see diagram i),
The mass M1 hooks the belt at point A. Throughout its course in C1, M1 will therefore drive the transmission belt and produce energy.

   M1 arrived at C, M2 is at A, at axis 4, that is before V1, M1 releases the belt and enters Ci then C2; M2 has already taken over the transmission, is between axes 1 and 2, therefore transmits the force of its movement in order to produce electricity, and so on ...



   C. Another example of realization with Ci permanently submerged.



  (diagram J)
In this case, we make the following prototype: C 1 remains an aerial compartment where the mass will undergo the force of gravity
F = MGH, on the other hand, the intermediate compartment Ci is already filled with liquid.

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   This compartment is limited by two hermetic valves V1 and V2 located at the same level with the ground so that according to the principle of communicating vessels, the level of the liquid is the same in the portions of the left and right circulation columns corresponding to the intermediate compartment. .



   When V2 is closed, it thus retains the volume of liquid located above it in the right circulation column, which corresponds to compartment C2.



   The intermediate compartment is therefore completely submerged between V1 and V2. To do this, we close V1, we fill Ci + C2 to the upper level required to re-engage the movement of the mass M1 in the air compartment C 1 (ie point A); then we close V2. We can then open V1 without the liquid level exceeding its level in the left circulation column (corresponding to Cl) since the levels of V1 and V2 are identical. The liquid will therefore remain in balance between these two limits even if V1 is open.



   The mass M1 stained from point A will undergo the force G and travel the path of length and height a + b to point B. V1 being open, it will penetrate into the liquid contained in Ci and continue its race over an equivalent depth at H2 + H3 to be calculated and dependent on H1, on the weight of M1, and on the residual force (after transmission to the generator) of the mass M1 after its fall in C1.



   By the way, this mass mounted on ball bearings, will meet at point C a ratchet where any other referral system (ex: railway rails, ...) allowing its passage down but preventing it from resuming the path C of the intermediate compartment when it undergoes Archimedes' push, and obliging it to follow the path d in Ci towards V2 and C2.



   After having gone through C1, the mass enters Ci where it displaces a volume of liquid equal to its own which will overflow above the level of V1, in C1 and will be collected in a tank (BAC), V2 being at this moment closed.



  M1 will continue its race up to the lower limit H3 before climbing under the action of Archimedes' push which will return it on the path d from compartment Ci towards V2 and C2 since the ratchet or any other referral system will prevent its race to path c; V1 closes, V2 opens and M 1 begins its ascent to A
V2 will not close until after the passage of M1 beyond point D, the water level in the intermediate compartment will find a new equilibrium between V2 closed and V1 open.



   The two valves can also form only one prefabricated so that V2 closed, V1 is open and vice versa if however such a structure does not increase the handling, the closing time and the consumption of energy required for the operation. M1 arrived in A, he resumes his race in C1, the communicating vessel (VC) having filled C2 with. volume of liquid necessary to bring M1 back to this position (volume corresponding to the volume of M1)

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In A, M1 will again undergo G thanks to the slope a and, if necessary, to a small impulse provided by a piston P.



   Along its course, the mass, as in the previous examples, is connected to straps or to any other transmission system allowing the transfer of the force deployed to electric generators.



   The advantages of this model compared to the previous ones are: 10 It avoids the problems of resistance of materials inherent to the impact of the mass and its ball bearings, at the end of stroke C1, with the angle of the gutter of access to Ci. Indeed, in this case, M1 continues its path perpendicular to the ground, without any change of direction, and in a less brutal liquid medium up to the lower limit of H3. There is therefore no longer any shock between the bearings (R 1 R2) made of solid materials and the angle of the gutter giving access to Ci also constructed of hard and resistant materials.



     2 The path traveled by the mass, therefore the work provided and transformable into electrical energy is done over a longer path which is equivalent to: a + b + c + d + H1 while the force required to re-pump the volume of water lost in the BAC and equal to the volume of the mass, towards VC and in order to fill C2 will only be that necessary to bring the equivalent in volume of water of M1 to a height equal to H1.



   20 Two valves are sufficient.



   4 another possibility can also be envisaged for reinserting into the liquid compartments the volume of water corresponding to the volume of M1, and expelled at the moment when the mass enters the liquid intermediate compartment: a hydraulic piston can be placed below the level of V1 or V2 and connected to the intermediate compartment. (Or any other more suitable place)
This piston will push back the volume of liquid collected in the BAC, towards Ci. A complete study of the pressures to be overcome during the carrying out of this operation will make it possible to check if the force necessary to carry out it is equal, superior or inferior to that necessary to re-pump the same volume of water over a height H1 to point A.

   Likewise, the position and the most advantageous possible connection of the piston will also be determined.



   Another remark:
In this example, M1 should have a shape that minimizes its resistance to water penetration and therefore the impact shock it will undergo at this time.


    

Claims (1)

 Claims.  The invention is a process which is characterized by the use or even the coupling of two natural and opposite forces (. Gravity force (FG) and Archimedes Principle) in order to obtain a resulting force and a work intended to produce energy. For example, electrical energy.  The invention is also characterized, among other things, for this, by the use of one or two objects or bodies of mass M1 = M2, and of density as small as possible, interconnected or independent of one another. , made mobile by any system that minimizes frictional forces during said movement. For example: the ball bearing. These objects circulate in a fixed frame serving as support and in which succeed two environments C1 and C2 of different physical character; the first, in the open air will subject the said mass (s) to a force of attraction G. The second, fluid and hermetic, will make it possible to apply to the objects a thrust according to the Principle of Archimedes. Its nature will be such that it will maximize the buoyancy of the objects you dive into. (E.g. salt water).  In order to avoid the pressure of the weight of the water during the passage from the first medium to the second, an intermediate compartment can be created. This will be alternately filled with air and water to allow the passage of masses from one medium to another. Another possible embodiment is to drown this intermediate compartment between the valves V1 and V2 (diagram J) so that when V2 closed and V1 open, the liquid remains in equilibrium between these two levels by the principle of communicating vessels. In this case, the mass M1, after having undergone the force G in the compartment C1 penetrates vertically, at the level of open V1, inside Ci filled with liquid where it will continue its race along the conductive gutters to a depth directly influenced by its physical characteristics and the height of its fall.  At the end of this race, the mass will undergo Archimedes' push and will therefore begin the opposite path. However, a ratchet or a referral system will prevent it from going up along the initial gutter and divert it towards the gutter giving access to C2. At this time, V1 closes in order to retain the volume of liquid contained in C2 + Ci and V2 opens allowing the passage of M1. in C2 and its return to point A.  In the perspective where Ci becomes alternately air and then liquid (1st example envisaged above), a system of synchronous hermetic valves will allow the filling and emptying of the intermediate compartment and of C2 according to the needs of the free circulation of the moving masses d 'an air compartment C1 towards the fluid compartment C2. The bodies, (or objects) in movement have a mass M which, in a first phase, (displacement in the air compartment C1), will make them undergo the terrestrial attraction, therefore a force G., which will entrain them towards the ground.  <Desc / Clms Page number 14>   They are characterized by the fact that their density will be such that they will be as floating as possible, so that, during a second phase (passage through the liquid compartment), they undergo a maximum upward thrust (Principle of Archimedes) bringing them back to their starting point.  This (or these) objects will thus be able to follow a course from top to bottom (force G.) then from bottom to top (Archimedes) bringing them back to their initial starting point following a perpetual almost spontaneous movement. According to the physical criteria of the system; masses, weight, density, height of fall and ascent, this movement will generate a force and a work which can be transmitted by any means (belt, chain, ...) in order to be recovered and used for various needs. In the examples chosen, the transmission takes place at dynamo axes of rotation and the resulting force thus transmitted will be used to produce new energy: electrical energy.  During the fall in an aerial medium (compartment C1) the body of mass M will evolve according to a uniformly accelerated rectilinear movement depending on the height of fall and develop an increasing force up to its point of impact on the ground where it will be maximum.  This risks damaging the mechanical parts (R1, R2, G1, G2) used for the mobility of the body. This is why the angles of the sheaths drawing the course of the masses will preferably be as rounded as possible, moreover, it is necessary that at this point, a maximum of the force developed by the MRUA has been transmitted to the system intended for produce energy to reduce the impact at the end of the movement. On the other hand, a minimum of recovery will be done at the initial point, that of the start of the fall at point A., in order to allow the body to move with the least resistance possible. This can be made possible by adding to the energy transmission system a system similar to the automatic gearboxes of motor cars, or bicycle derailleurs, or any other system.  The compartments can also follow one another in a closed circle, which facilitates the circulation of the masses and the general movement (see diagram A ").  In a fixed frame, we therefore create a circulation duct in the open air (compartment C1) where one (or more) mass (s) mounted on ball bearings or possibly rolling on themselves (round masses ) undergoes (ssen) t the FG and circulates from top to bottom.  - A sealed C2 compartment filled with liquid where the mass (s) (as small as possible by density) will pass and undergo an upward thrust, intended to bring them back to their initial point; and to avoid the pressure of the mass of water contained in C2 on the moving mass during the passage from C 1 to C2; an intermediate compartment separated from C2 by a valve V2 closed when the mass passes from C1 to Ci and separated from C1 by a valve V1, making it airtight during filling, when V2 is opened.  When the valve V2 closes to allow the emptying of Ci, a valve V3 located in its floor opens and allows Ci to become aerial again in order to accommodate the mass having undergone the F G. A maximum of liquid is maintained in C2 with V2 closed When V2 opens, V1 closes, the  <Desc / Clms Page number 15>  intermediate compartment fills with water, reducing the height of the column of liquid contained in C2. So the height of the ascent that the mass will undergo in C2.  A system of communicating vessels between C2 and a water reserve placed above the maximum level reached by the fluid, will assume the filling and replacement of the volume of liquid lost in C2 during the previous operation. The flow must be studied to ensure the ascent of the mass at point A in synchronism with the movement of the mass evolving in C1. In reality, the missing volume in C2 corresponds to the volume of the intermediate compartment. The point Y corresponds to the point of entry of water into C2 and will be placed so that the filling operation causes the least possible eddies.  The intermediate compartment is therefore alternately filled with air, then with liquid. In short, when the mass arrives at D (diagram A), V1 closes V2 opens drowning Ci, the mass rises under the thrust suffered (Archimedes), as soon as it has passed V2, the latter closes making C2 hermetic, V3 opens to empty Ci of its liquid and V1 opens to let pass the new mass which arrives in the intermediate compartment again become full of air ... and so on ....  Two pawls (or any other system intended to prevent the masses from descending), are placed, one at the upper level of C2, the other a little above the lower curved angle of the course followed by the mass in Ci (au- above D). this in order to force the mass to continue its journey without being able to go back both in the Ci and in the C2.  More particularly, with regard to the movement of the mass in the liquid column, the thrust will project it slightly above the upper level of the liquid, the ratchet will prevent it from going down and engage it after point A on slope 1 ( V. Diagram B + possibly system with return to J) to undergo the FG again and start a new fall downwards. This transition from the upper level of C2 to path 1 will also be facilitated by the traction operated by the second mass. The latter undergoing terrestrial attraction, and being connected directly to its twin by a strap or indirectly (V. Second type of transmission envisaged in the description) thanks to the hooking on the interdependent transmission chains and coupled thanks to the axes 9 and 10 linked together outside the system, will therefore provide a traction force facilitating the passage of the second mass of the liquid medium towards the aerial medium. If, however, these combined forces were not enough to move the said mass from the upper level of C2 to the slope 1 of C 1 after point A, we can envisage a small complementary propulsion system taking charge of the operation. More particularly in the example cited, the upper pawl can be motorized and provided with arms long enough to propel the mass to the origin of the slope 1 so that it again undergoes the force G.  In diagram B, the portions 1 + 2 and l + 2 of the air path are equal to the portion 3 of the path in the liquid column in order to promote the synchronism of the movement of the two possible masses connected together.  <Desc / Clms Page number 16>    The lengths and volumes of the different compartments influencing the speed of the mass movements will be studied to promote the same synchronism and give Ci time to fill, to empty, as well as the valves V1, V2, V3 to ensure their functions. opening, closing, sealing, emptying, etc. without the movement of the masses being hampered and in order to optimize the performance of the system as a whole. The opening and closing of the valves can be mechanical, electrical, possibly controlled by breaking infrared beams arranged in the appropriate places. We will make the most of natural forces to open and close the valves. For example, V1 can close by taking advantage of its own weight, held by a cable connected to a pulley and fixed on a ratchet.  The passage of the mass can release the pawl (drawbridge type) and V1 will close by itself under the action of its own weight. If it is connected to V2 by two cables on a pulley, it will cause or greatly facilitate the opening of V2.  Another example, the insertion of floats or ballasts filled with air in V1 will facilitate its opening when the intermediate compartment drowns.  Indeed, the floats will facilitate the ascent of V1 which, connected thanks to the pulleys and cables to V2, will open under the traction of V2 which closes. If the force developed is not sufficient, it will however reduce the work to be provided. This reasoning is valid for any system of opening or closing of the chosen valves.  Another system envisaged, an alternative valve system included in the description, therefore in the claims below.  As of the opening of V1, a system of communicating vessels at the previously studied flow rate will allow filling C2 to maintain the fluid at a maximum level necessary to bring the mass currently located in C2 to its starting point in the air compartment C1 to undergo earthly attraction again.  The connection of the expansion tank with C2 will be made in Y at the most appropriate place to avoid swirls. The liquid lost during the emptying of Ci will be evacuated or re-pumped into the vase using part of the energy supplied by the system.  Said liquid will have physical properties making its density as large as possible relative to the density of the masses M1 and M2 which circulate there (salt water, etc.).  The force resulting from the movement of the masses as well as the work developed will be transmitted by belt, chain, ... connected directly or indirectly to the masses, or any other transmission system in order to be used for the production of new energy, in the occurrence of electrical energy through the rotary movement of the axes of electric generators. Also claimed are any improvements, modifications, ease of execution made to the invention or to its exemplary embodiments described in the claims in a non-exhaustive manner; whether it's due to the current state of technology or to future improvement  <Desc / Clms Page number 17>   1.  General description of the principles used: There are in nature two permanent physical forces, immutable and of opposite direction, which are the gravity and the thrust undergone by. any body immersed in a liquid according to the Archimedes Principle. If we manage to couple them, that is to say to impose on the same body of mass M, first one, that is to say the force G. causing the said body released from a height H, down, then the other, the Archimedes' push, bringing the same body back to its initial point, so we generate a movement of the mass from top to bottom, then from bottom to top, with return to the starting point and again applying force G. On the body and so on.  This almost perpetual and spontaneous movement can therefore result, by any suitable transmission (belt, chain, gear, ... or any other system, ...) a driving force or other intended to produce energy (mechanical , electric, ...) one of the basic principles of the invention is therefore to use one or more objects 0, of mass M and density P,) making this body as floating as possible in a fluid FL ,, (salt water, ...) also promoting their buoyancy as much as possible so the push that the object 0,) will undergo upwards, when it passes from one  EMI17.1  compartment C1 air, where it undergoes the force F towards that (liquid C2) where it will undergo the push according to the Principle of Archimedes.  The object 0, released from a height H,), undergoes the force G and after a uniformly accelerated movement, will touch the ground after a time T depending on the height at which it will be released and its surface of resistance to air but not of its mass. On the other hand, any body immersed in a liquid undergoes a thrust from bottom to top directly proportional to the volume of liquid displaced.  The more the object has a low density and lower than that of the liquid in which it is immersed, the greater the upward thrust. It is the principle of buoyancy which allows, among other things, to see steel ships floating in the hundreds of thousands of tonnes or even to bring up to the surface, sunken boats by wrapping them in sheaths connected to large balloons inflated with gas. .  The invention therefore uses an object of mass M ,,, which released in a first compartment C1, will undergo the terrestrial attraction but of density such that it will be floating, unsinkable and that, when it is passed through a compartment C2 filled with salt water (or other fluid favoring buoyancy as much as possible) it will undergo a thrust from bottom to top, returning it to the air compartment C1 from which it comes initially in order to undergo again the terrestrial attraction and force G which will bring it back to the ground, then to compartment C2, and so on.  The movement generates a force F,) resulting from the couple of the two opposite forces. If the object or objects concerned by a transmission system (belt, chain, etc.) are connected to, for example, an electric generator, the resulting force F "will cause the axis of this electric generator to rotate (the armature in the 'inductor) therefore an electricity production  <Desc / Clms Page number 18>   In one of the exemplary embodiments described below, two similar masses M1 and M2 II are used which are connected together by a transmission strap; the movement of the two masses causes the rotation of one or more axis (s) of dynamo or electric generator.  Several prototypes are possible:. with a mass, two masses connected to each other or independent.  . The transmission of the force resulting from the movement of the mass or masses can take place towards one or more rotary axis (s) producing the desired energy as a result. This or these axes can be separated, at the center of the system or at the periphery. The object of the invention is therefore to produce an energy inducing force from existing natural, permanent and non-polluting physical forces. He. Description of non-exhaustive examples of implementation: A) Two masses linked together by a belt: Let us take for example two round masses with the smallest density possible, linked together by the belt which will transmit the force resulting from the movement of these two masses to one or more electric generators.  1) Let us recall some definitions: The mass of a body is the constant ratio of the force acting on this body to the acceleration that this force communicates to it. M = F / a.  The intensity of a force is the product of the measurement of the mass on which it acts and the measurement of the acceleration that it communicates to it. Force unit: Newton = 1 kg x 1 m / s2.  The weight of a body is the measure of the force exerted by the Earth on the mass of this body.  The study of the free fall of bodies shows that a falling body takes a uniformly accelerated movement whose acceleration of gravity is represented by G. (P = mg.) A body withdrawn from the action of gravity therefore has zero weight, while its mass remains invariable, ie M = F / a; she can therefore continue to be subjected to force. However, in the invention, the passage of the mass of density as small as possible in a liquid compartment subtracts it almost completely from gravity and subjects it to a new force of opposite direction thanks to its buoyancy. These two opposite forces provide a work numerically equal to the product of the intensity of the force by the length of the displacement.  T = F x dist And whose unit is Joule, i.e. 1 Joule = 1 Newton x 1 meter The total power of the system will be expressed in Watt, that is to say, the total work in Newton provided by the system in one second, of which it  <Desc / Clms Page number 19>  may need to deduct any work to be provided for the proper functioning of the system. (Possibly, pumping of recovery water, operation of the valves, ...) in order to obtain the actual final power and the percentage efficiency of the system.  Concept of density p:  EMI19.1  p = ratio of the mass of a body and its volume p = MN = Kg! m3 p of water 10 "Kg / nf sea water = 1166 Kg! m3.  The lower the density of the masses concerned by the movement of the invention, and the higher the liquid density, the greater the force undergone by the mass or masses. Therefore, the greater the thrust bringing the mass (es) back into the aerial behavior.   2) Examples of description of the masses and their mobilization system.  The masses can be aerodynamically shaped in order to reduce the friction of the air in the compartment C1 and to increase the force G.  In the example taken in diagram A, the masses will be round, made of wood or hollow metal filled with air, gas, or any other material making their buoyancy as great as possible.  They are connected by two rods T1, T2 to small ball bearings, balls R1, R2 themselves anchored in rigid sheaths G1, G2 included in a fixed frame intended to support the whole system.  In compartment C1 (see general diagram), the frame is limited to gutters and their supports, therefore, not closed in order to minimize the compression of the air generated by the movement of the mass during its descent, therefore the resistance opposed to the movement thereof. On the other hand, C2, liquid compartment, is closed and hermetic.  On the lower face of the upper sheath (Gs) and the upper face of the lower sheath (Gi), are anchored balls or bearings in contact with the ball bearings R 1 and R2 of the rods carrying the masses M1 and M2.  This allows a movement almost free of friction, therefore with a minimum loss of force The ball bearings R1 and R2 are extended outwards by other transmission rods (T3, T4, as thin as possible + or-the same thickness as the belt) on which the belt, chain or any another system .. which will transmit the forces of the movement of the masses to an electric generator.  <Desc / Clms Page number 20>    3) General description of the system: (diagram B) 10 Description of a type of path imposed on M1 and M2 in the system used as an example (two masses connected by the transmission belt). The masses M1 and M2 move therefore thanks to the ball bearings to which they are connected. Their course is located first in a first compartment in the open air C1, then in an intermediate compartment Ci limited by two hermetic valves V1 and V2 and finally ends in a column of liquid C2, ie different successive phases: phase 1 by force of gravity at the start M1 is in D; the liquid column, therefore C2 and Ci are drowned; M1 is selected, M2 is at A. We start the movement; M1 arrives in zone A, given the slope 1 and the pawl 2, it undergoes the force G. And will move downwards on the ball bearings, at this moment, M2 has already undergone the force G and is in position zone C.  The vertical fall having caused a significant acceleration, the force developed by M2 is substantial; there is therefore a risk of having a significant impact between the bearings and the curved angle of the gutter at point C. To reduce the shock, we can consider a curved gutter path at the points where the masses change direction, ie A, B, C, D. To reduce the impact and not damage the moving parts, it is therefore necessary that a large part of the force developed by the MRUA undergone by M2 is recovered by its transformation into motive energy transmitted by the belt. We can therefore consider, for example, that this transmission is made to the dynamo axis by the belt coupled to a kind of automatic car gearbox or bicycle derailleur. Similarly, the recovery of the force produced by the mass is almost zero at point A, the start of the race in order to allow easy movement, while it will be greater in C in order to reduce the impact due to the mass drop.  An exact study of the forces, masses, heights and resistance of the materials will make it possible to precisely calculate the transmission logic to be applied. In C, M2 therefore has a speed and a force transmitted to the axis of the dynamo, but also to M1 since the two masses are connected by the transmission belt, although M1 already has its own propelling force upwards ( Archimedes' principle), it will also be pulled by the belts to exit the fluid compartment. A ratchet placed on or in the internal wall of the ducts G1 and G2 and will allow the passage of T1 T2 upwards, but not its return back. The pawl will be placed at a height which will prevent M1 and M2 from going back down and will force them to start their race in the gutter of the path concerned and to undergo either the force G or the Archimedes push. When M1 arrives in zone B, M2 is then in zone D, the valve N01 closes, isolating the intermediate compartment, that is to say the one created between valve 1 and valve 2, while at the same time, valve 2 opens, allowing water to enter the intermediate compartment, which thus becomes part  <Desc / Clms Page number 21>  integral with the fluid compartment C2, the Ci is therefore alternating in the air, then fluid.  The water is immediately replaced by a system of communicating vessels connecting C2 at a point Y, located in the most adequate way to avoid backwash, with a water reserve placed above its level.  M2 with its speed acquired in phase 1, arrives at D, or exceeds it. A ratchet placed on the T1 or T2 and the sheaths (see above) prevents it from falling, it then undergoes: Phase 2: Its low density makes it undergo an upward push, it thus exceeds the valve 2 which closes and again ensures the tightness of the fluid compartment C2 while the valve 1 opens to let pass M1 while the valve 3 also opens to drain the water from the intermediate compartment, which becomes aerial again. M2 thus arrives at A, the pawl 2 prevents it from coming back down, M1 returns to C, the movement continues so on ...  However, when M1 travels 1 + 2, M2 travels 3 and goes to A.  When M1 goes to D, M2 goes to B, then travels 2 + 1 while M1 goes back 3 to go to A, it will only be there when M1 has traveled 2 + 1 'and will be in D. Now, for To get there, V1 must be open. The valves must therefore operate in such a way that as soon as the mass passes through V2, it closes and causes the opening of V1 to allow the twin mass to reach zone D. On the other hand, the closure of V1 can only be done when it is certain that the mass having undergone Archimedes' push in compartment C2 has arrived at A in order to allow the opening of V2, without this, the fluid compartment would flood the intermediate compartment whereas the mass therein would not yet have started its journey on slope 1, so would come back down at the same time as the upper level of the liquid in the C2.  The two masses would also be together in the new fluid compartment Ci + C2 thus created. The opening of V2 and the closing of V1, will therefore only be done when the mass having undergone the force G is in D. In order to be sure that the second mass having undergone Archimedes' push is in A., blocked by its pawl and ready to start its path 1 under the action of the force G. The contact of this pawl can possibly serve as signal for opening pulse for V2, closing for V1.   Notes on pawl 2: Any other system preventing mass from descending and forcing it to start its course on slope N01 can also be used. For example : A retractable system for the passage of T1 put back in place (pushed back by a spring) after the passage of the latter.  (See diagram A) We can consider providing this mechanical part with an ascent system, which pushes T1 to the starting point of slope 1 where the mass will again undergo the force G  <Desc / Clms Page number 22>     Electric fin system that will support and propel M to its starting point on slope 1.    '' Small valve system in the inner wall of the compartment C2 (see Diagram B), the valve rises, raises the water level in C2, therefore the height of the mass travel towards A, then, as soon as the mass is engaged in slope 1, retraction of said valve while the mass freely begins its movement from A to B.  We can also consider that the mass propelled by the Archimedes Principle rises slightly above A, a ratchet prevents it from falling and forces it to engage in an inverse curve bringing it back on slope 1 at J (V diagram B).  The heights and distances 1,2, 3 as well as the sizes of the masses and compartments will be studied so that the filling and emptying of the intermediate compartment as well as the movements of the hermetic valves and the replacement of the water by the communicating vessel have the time to get done. When the masses are subjected to the force G, only their air resistance surfaces and the height of the fall will influence the MRUA and not the mass itself. The two masses having the same exposure surface 1 the density will therefore be established so that the speed of ascent into the water is as much as possible the speed of descent into the air compartment.  In addition, in this example, the two masses being connected in a closed circuit by the transmission belt, the movement of one is synchronized by the other; or, at least, are they interdependent; for example, that arriving at C will exert traction on the second favoring its engagement in the slope 1. This aspect is also found in the example of transmission distributed in separate compartments envisaged below; Indeed, (see Diagram H) the fact of connecting two axes between them (for example: axes 9 and 10) automatically results in the influence of the movement of one mass on the movement of the other through transmission chains where the said masses cling.  20Second type of journey: The two compartments are distributed in a circle (see Diagram A ").  At point A, the mass undergoes terrestrial attraction, it descends, passes valve 1 which closes; V2 opens, the mass rises in C2. The reasoning is always the same, except for the facts that in this case:. the impact, during the fall of the mass in C1, is nonexistent.    'your mass M1, if it is floating in its entirety, will go up in the liquid column until its center is in Ax.  The pull exerted by M2, after having undergone G combined with the push that M1 underwent in C2, should be enough for the latter to exceed A to undergo in turn the force G, if not, a simple additional push caused by any which propulsion system will generate this movement.  <Desc / Clms Page number 23>      4) Hermeticity of the intermediate and fluid compartments: The compartment C2, must, when the valve 2 is closed, be completely hermetic and retain the water or the chosen fluid so that the mass which is located there can undergo Archimedes' push and rise towards the surface in its gutters. circulation to point A. Similarly, when V2 is opened with V1 closed, the intermediate compartment becomes liquid and must be sealed in order to keep the fluid coming from C2 there. It is therefore necessary for the mass to continue its journey without the fluid leaving the new compartment Ci + C2 created. The various possibilities envisaged will influence the type of valves at least their surfaces, their structure and their configuration.  In all cases, unlike CI, Ci and C2 consist of complete closed walls in a box in which G 1 and G 2 are included and allowing only the moving valves to pass.   Examples of solutions. (any solution already existing on the market can be used) a) The simplest is to seal the internal walls of the compartments from the level of valve 1, while allowing the movement of the masses on their ball bearings R1 and R2 in the ducts G1 and G2, the internal wall of G1 and G2 can be closed by valves cut at an angle and retractable at the time of the passage of T1 and T2. These pieces can be completed by another smaller and hermetic one fixed on T1 and covering on the outside (outside always seen in relation to the center of the mass M) the space opened by T1 in G1, during its passage through the wall internal this part preventing the flow of water-Diagram A '.  These retractable parts can be incorporated in the ducts G1 and G2 and carry the balls of the gutters. On passing R1, they will open just enough to let T1 and T2 or T3 T4 pass and then close (diagram C). b) A fixed gallery is created, external to G1 G2, extending their upper and lower walls as far as against the fixed frame; over their entire length in the intermediate compartment and the fluid compartment from V1 In this case, V1 and V2 extend to the outer edge of the outer wall of G1 and G2 (V. Diagram A and diagram D).  If a transmission belt is used, it will be fixed on T3-T4 which will be steel strips (or other), the thinnest possible. In the compartment described above, which therefore extends outside the sheaths, from V1 to the top of C2, we hang in the fixed wall and the external wall of G1 and G2, at V1 and V2, two rollers extending into said walls by ball bearings allowing them to turn on themselves, letting the belt pass and ensuring the tightness of the new external compartment created.  (diagram A and D-top view).  <Desc / Clms Page number 24>  c) In the same context of new external compartmentalisation, the transmission can be done by a link chain; in this case, the communication surface created by the passage of the chain between C1 and Ci and Ci and C2 at the level of the external compartment at G1 and G2 (and / or T3 and T4 entrain the chain) is weaker and made hermetic by the small box stuffed with grease in which the chain passes between two gears: an upper, a lower. (Diagram D).  In the case where the two masses are not directly connected together, there is no need for continuity of the belt or of the transmission chain between the three compartments, the problem of hermeticity no longer arises, since the valves V1 and V2 will suffice to ensure this at each passage of the masses in the compartments to be isolated independently of each other; no room should be simultaneously in both.  EMI24.1   5) Free from valve types: The valves should be made of as light a material as possible to reduce the work required for their mobilization. They can be activated electrically or mechanically. In the first case, an IR beam, cut by the passage of the mass at D where a switch connected to the pawl 1 will trigger the closing of V1 and the opening of V2. The passage of the mass after V2 will do the opposite. Closing of V2 + opening of V3 + V1 and emptying of the intermediate compartment. The principle remains the same with mechanical opening and closing. In particular for the valve N "1, it can be closed by the force G., thanks to its own weight. For example, one can imagine a pulley on ratchet, winding a cable intended to raise the V1.  At the time of the passage of the mass (M1 or M2), the end of the rod T1 or T4 releases the ratchet, or any other locking system releasing the pulley which, under the weight of V1, will turn and leave go down V1. If V1 is connected to V2 by two cables on a pulley, the V1 closure causes or facilitates the V2 opening. If we manage to seal the internal wall of G1 and G2 (V before 4a) in the Ci and C2, the valves will obstruct all the light going from the upper wall to the lower wall of the fixed frame, in the thickness internal walls of G & and G2 (diagram F for example).  If, on the other hand, we cannot seal the internal wall of G1 and G2 over the entire height corresponding to Ci + C2 and we use solutions 4 b and c, the valves will occupy a lateral area ranging from outer edge of the outer wall of G1 to the outer edge of the outer wall of G2 in front of the hermeticity systems 4b or 4c. In this case, at the time of their removal, the valves will leave a void of balls in the upper and lower wall of G1 and G2 They will therefore be extended by rods supporting sections of ball sheaths (type G1-Gé) which will come  <Desc / Clms Page number 25>  fit into the void to fill the lack of rolling allowing progression without friction or snag of R1 and R2 (V.  Diagram F) One can also consider a rotary and alternative valve; two axes of rotation external to the fixed frame and located more or less on either side of point D, rotate a drum or half drum; much like a paddle wheel or a washing machine drum; The wall of the drum is alternately full (valve) then empty so that the reciprocating or rotational movement imparted to the solid part, allows the latter to act as a closing valve when it is fitted between the walls of 'a compartment while the vacuum following it will act as an open valve. Thus, V2 (full part in place in C2) is closed. The drum turns, the solid part (currently V2) also turns; fit into C1 acting as closed V1, and leaving the empty part in its place, ie open V2.    P. Other examples of construction with two independent masses. a) Example of embodiment especially envisaged in the case where it would be impossible to seal the ducts G1, G2) of circulation in the intermediate and fluid compartments because of the continuity of the belt between the two masses and through the three compartments; in this case, the transmission belt is not fixed on the outer support rod T3 and / or T4, but tensioned between the small transmission axes of the generators themselves. These axes may however not directly induce the production of electric current, but be free. In this  EMI25.1  case, they will be used only for the transmission of the force produced by the movement of the masses to a central axis whose rotation will be, it, directly inductive of an electric production.  The belt or the transmission chain has an anchor point where a hook included in the external rods T3 T4 will be hooked (or any other attachment or drive system) For example, (See Diagram A 3), retractable hook system: (clothespin type). At point A, the hook secures the transmission belt thanks to the anchoring ring provided for this purpose on its upper face and causes its movement. Arrived at the level of valve 1, an angled stopper opens the clamp, therefore lifts the retractable hooking lug inserted in T3 and T4 and releases the belt which circulates outside the intermediate and fluid compartments (diagram H), around its own axes 1,2, 3 4.  After this course, the latching system, under the action of pressure exerted by a compressed return spring during the previous phase or any other pressure / counter pressure system, takes its place again to re-secure the belt located in the Ci around the axes 5,6, 7,8 and independent of the previous course, at least inside Ci. The axes 5,6, 7,8 of the intermediate compartment will be driven by the movement of this ring Arrive at valve 2, same release operation with angle stopper, then past this valve, the hook resumes its stowage of the belt  <Desc / Clms Page number 26>  thus drives the axes 9,10, 11,12 according to the same principle as above.  Arrived at the point corresponding to the axis 10 new stopper so that the hook is again tied to the transmission circuit of the axes 1,2, 3, 4. The axes and the belt circuits can be made interdependent thanks to a possible coupling by an entirely external belt connecting for example two axes, the 1 and the 9.  Consequently, when M1 unhooks the belt at the level of valve 1, M2 takes over as regards the movement imposed on the axes 1,2, 3,4.  In the case considered above, three separate and independent transmission zones are therefore created, each corresponding to a compartment C1, Ci, or C2, thus avoiding the problems of hermetic insulation of the compartments Ci and C2, since each compartment has its own transmission system without any passage from one to the other affecting its tightness by letting pass the fluid intended to allow the application of the Archimedes Principle, therefore to do reassemble the mass concerned towards point A. b) In the case of the two independent balls with belt not crossing the three compartments. Another yet simpler system is possible. (Diagram i) The transmission system can be eliminated in one or two compartments.  Indeed, one can realize according to diagram H, a simplified system where only the axes 1,2, 3,4 and 9,10, 11,12 would be connected by transmission belt leaving the path of the masses M1 and M2 in the compartment completely free intermediary. Even simpler, we could even use only the force G. To produce electrical energy, thanks to the rotation of the axes 1,2, 3,4 The Archimedes Principle and its thrust only serving to bring back the mass at point A. In this case (see diagram i), The mass M1 hooks the belt at point A. Throughout its course in C1, M1 will therefore drive the transmission belt and produce energy.  M1 arrived at C, M2 is at A, at axis 4, that is before V1, M1 releases the belt and enters Ci then C2; M2 has already taken over the transmission relay, is between axes 1 and 2, therefore transmits the force of its movement in order to produce electricity, and so on ...  C. Another example of realization with Ci permanently submerged (diagram J) In this case, we make the following prototype: C1 remains an air compartment where the mass will undergo the force of gravity F = MGH, on the other hand, the intermediate compartment Ci is already filled with liquid, This compartment is limited by two hermetic valves V1 and V2 located at the same level with the ground so that according to the principle of communicating vessels, the level of the liquid is the same in the portions  <Desc / Clms Page number 27>  left and right circulation columns corresponding to the intermediate compartment. When V2 is closed, it thus retains the volume of liquid located above it in the right circulation column, which corresponds to compartment C2. The intermediate compartment is therefore completely submerged between V1 and V2. To do this, we close V1, we fill Ci + C2 to the upper level required to reset the movement of the mass M1 in the air compartment C1 (ie point A); then we close V2. We can then open V1 without the liquid level exceeding its level in the left circulation column (corresponding to Cul) - since the levels of V1 and V2 are identical. The liquid will therefore remain in balance between these two limits even if V1 is open. The mass M1 released from point A will undergo the force G and travel the path of length and height a + b to point B. V1 being open, it will penetrate into the liquid contained in Ci and continue its race over an equivalent depth at H2 + H3 to be calculated and dependent on H1, on the weight of M1, and on the residual force (after transmission to the generator) of the mass M1 after its fall in C1. By the way, this mass mounted on ball bearings, will meet at point C a ratchet where any other referral system (ex: railway rails, ...) allowing its passage down but preventing it from resuming the path C of the intermediate compartment when it undergoes Archimedes' push, and obliging it to follow the path d in Ci towards V2 and C2. After having gone through C1, the mass enters Ci where it displaces a volume of liquid equal to its own which will overflow above the level of V1, in C1 and will be collected in a tank (BAC), V2 being at this moment closed. M1 will continue its race up to the lower limit H3 before climbing under the action of Archimedes' push which will return it on the path d from compartment Ci towards V2 and C2 since the ratchet or any other referral system will prevent its race to path c; V1 closes, V2 opens and M1 begins its ascent to A. V2 will only close after the passage of M1 beyond point D. the water level in the intermediate compartment will find a new balance between V2 closed and V1 open. The two valves can also form only one prefabricated so that V2 closed, V1 is open and vice versa if however such a structure does not increase the handling, the closing time and the consumption of energy necessary for the operation M1 arrived at A, it resumes its course in C1, the communicating vessel (VC) having filled C2 with the volume of liquid necessary to bring M1 back to this position (volume corresponding to the volume of M1) At A, M1 will again undergo G thanks to the slope a and, if necessary, to a small impulse provided by a piston P.  Along its course, the mass, as in the previous examples, is connected to straps or to any other transmission system allowing the transfer of the force deployed to electric generators. The advantages of this model compared to the previous ones are: 10 It avoids the problems of resistance of materials inherent in the impact of the mass and its ball bearings, at the end of stroke Cl, with the angle of the gutter of access to Ci. Indeed, in this case, M1 continues its path perpendicular to the ground, without any change of direction, and in a less brutal liquid medium up to the Lower limit of H3.  There is therefore no longer any shock between the bearings (R 1 R2) made of solid materials and the angle of the gutter giving access to Ci also constructed of hard and resistant materials.  <Desc / Clms Page number 28>    2 The path traveled by the mass, therefore the work provided and transformable into electrical energy is done over a longer path which is equivalent to: a + b + c + d + H1 while the force required to re-pump the volume of water lost in the BAC and equal to the volume of the mass, towards VC and in order to fill C2 will only be that necessary to bring the equivalent in volume of water of M1 to a height equal to  EMI28.1  H1. 30 Two valves are sufficient. 4 another possibility can also be envisaged for re-inserting into the liquid compartments the volume of water corresponding to the volume of M1, and expelled when the mass enters the liquid intermediate compartment: a hydraulic piston can be placed below the level of V1 or V2 and connected to the intermediate compartment. (Or any other more favorable place) This piston will push the volume of liquid collected in the BAC, towards Ci. A complete study of the pressures to be overcome during the performance of this operation will allow to check if the force necessary to carry it out is equal, greater or less than that necessary to re-pump the same volume of water over a height H1 up to point A.  Likewise, the position and the most advantageous possible connection of the piston will also be determined. Another remark: In this example, M1 should have a shape that minimizes its resistance to water penetration and therefore the impact shock it will undergo at this time.   D. MISCELLANEOUS COUPLINGS Whatever the system (s) used, we can couple them in parallel, or better yet, arrange them in cascades so that when passing from M1 to the Ci of the first module at the head of the cascade, the water evacuated from the latter compensates for the same volume of water to be replaced in the C2 of the underlying module following the loss of water suffered in the Ci of the latter after the same passage of the corresponding mass to his work unit. This loss of water will itself replace the volume necessary to bring the liquid level in C2 of the module itself underlying the previous one to the correct height. And so on, up to the top floor where the water evacuated from the Ci is no longer recovered. In this way, only the water lost by Ci from the first element of the cascade must be re-pumped over a height H2 or H2 '(depending on the model) while 5 or X systems will operate at full efficiency without losing the force of re -pumping of the water evacuated by Ci, since this is replaced in the C2 of the lower modules by the water evacuated from Ci of the directly upper module. Only the loss of additional forces necessary for handling the valves should be taken into account, whereas (for example, consider six stages in cascade), the gain will be five times the weight of the volume of liquid displaced multiplied by H2 or H2 ' . Profitability must therefore be multiplied (which is particularly advantageous in the context of operation in a vacuum), but nevertheless, calculated very precisely.  <Desc / Clms Page number 29>    E. Example of practical applications and profitability schemes in the context of industrial electrical production.    1J Ci is in aerial altemance, then fluid. (Diagram B) 1. Total force developed by the system.  The mass M1 falls in C1 + Ci and develops wire = MGH1 + force developed in the path Ci and 1 or a.  The mass rises in C2 and develops a thrust f2 = Weight of volume of liquid displaced.  Either in total: F = f1 + f2- (force required to operate the valves + friction forces = fi as small as possible) .. F = f1 + f2 - fi.  He. Net residual force used to generate electricity.  There are two solutions:  EMI29.1  a) We work in a vacuum. that is, we re-pump the volume of water lost in the intermediate compartment to the top of C2. This operation requires a force equal to f2 since we pump a U volume of water "equal to the volume of M1. M1 has a density less than water. Its weight is therefore less than that of its water equivalent in volume , however it is this volume that we re-pump. At the same time, M1 undergoes in C2 over the entire height a force equal to the weight of the volume of water displaced, therefore the same force as that necessary for pumping its equivalent volume of water, ie in total the recoverable net residual force.  Fres. = 1-fled.  Do not forget that in this case, we work in a closed circuit without external energy supply in the form of a waterfall or any other of any kind. The quantity of water used at the start for the design of the system hardly varies except evaporation and small losses of handling b) We work with external water supply, for example the dam or any fluid reserve.  In this case, the dam will supply the water intended to replace at the top of C2 the volume of water equivalent to the volume of M1 lost during the emptying of the intermediate level This quantity of water will therefore flow over an equal height the difference in level between C2 completely full and C2 before filling the volume of water corresponding to the volume of M1, ie a height "h" very much less than the height of column C2 (H2) between  EMI29.2  points A and D "h" moreover corresponding more or less to the diameter of M1 F '= the total force developed by the fall of a volume of water equal to the volume of M1 over a height equal to the height of C2 (H2) = f2.  <Desc / Clms Page number 30>    F "= the force developed by the fall of a volume of water equal to the volume of M1 over a height" h "(V. Above: much less than H2) and corresponds to Mgh very much less than f2.  However if we work with external water supply, the volume of water equal to M1 must no longer be re-pumped in C2 for the system to work. Therefore, the net residual force used to produce energy will be: F res. = f1 + f2-fi-F "f2 = the weight of the volume of water displaced over a height H2.  F "= the weight of the volume of water dep) aced on" h "+ or equal to the diameter of M1, onc, almost insignificant.  The resultant efficiency is therefore much higher than that of a simple dam, since the said dam provides a force equal to MgH2, while the system provides: F = MgH1 + developed force (in Ci + 1 or a) + MgH2-Mg "h" (insignificant) - fi therefore, almost double.   Notes: To illustrate this example, of a dam, let us recall that the construction of these requires very precise conditions of relief, ... etc ... and often detracts from the ecology, their height must be very important. In the example of comparative calculations given above, the latter corresponds to H2 (diagram B).  However, the invention, to operate with external water supply requires only a quantity of water to be renewed equal to the volume M1 and to be supplied over a small height "h".  It is therefore possible to obtain an almost double yield by not damaging nature and by using streams of lower diverted flow and flowing over a small height "h" = + or-at the diameter of M1 in placing the system under the upper level of C2 a few meters below the flow of the watercourse. Note also that not all countries have the possibility of building large dams. The invention is therefore very timely, especially since the number of dams built and / or achievable does not seem to be sufficient to supply a sufficient amount of electrical energy to meet consumption, hence nuclear power plants, etc. ..  The invention system in isolation described above is therefore particularly suitable for countries without watercourses. In addition, it can be installed anywhere with a quantity of useful liquid, almost defined from the start.  <Desc / Clms Page number 31>    EMI31.1   2. Ci is permanently drowned (diagram J). All the reasoning set out above in A. Remains applicable except that the formulas become: 1. Closed system.  F total developed by the system = f1 + 2-fi or MG (H1 + H2 + H3) + f + weight M1 in water equivalent X (H3 + d + H2 ') - fi. f1 = MG (H1 + H2 + H3) + {force developed in path a (MRUA) =  EMI31.2  f) f2 = weight of the volume of water displaced over the height H3 + d + H2'-fi (corresponding to friction losses throughout the system.) f3 = weight of the volume of water displaced over the height H2t to pump it back into C2.  Residual F = total F-3 Residual F = MG (H1 + H2 + H3) + f + weight M1 in liquid. (H3 + d + H2 ') - (weight M1 in liquid X H2') - fi.  Is : Residual F = MG (H1 + H2 + H3) + f + weight M1 in liquid. (H3 + d) -fi.  HE. System with external water supply filling C2.  F resid. = MG (H1 + H2 + H3) + f + weight M1 in liq. (H3 + d + H2 ') - fi.  For example, the F res developed by the fall of the same equivalent of water as that supplied to the system but in the case of a free fall of a dam over a height H2 ':: F res. = flight weight. of water = on the flight M1 X H2 '.    111. System with hydraulic piston.  In this case, the formula quantifying the F res. calculated in the above example in a vacuum, is applicable except that the force to be supplied to the piston will be deducted to re-introduce, into the liquid, the volume of liquid lost during the penetration of M1 into Ci and not the force necessary to re-pump this water to the higher level of C2.