AU701917B2 - Topical preparations having a protective action against cnidaria - Google Patents

Description

nE i i L ~-F 1-

AUSTRALIA

PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPL E TE SPEC I F I CATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT *c k

ORIGINAL

*9 a 99 9 Name of Applicant: Actual Inventors: Address for Service: BEIERSDORF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Udo HOPPE, Joachim DEGWERT and Heiner

GERS-BARLAG

SHELSTON WATERS Clarence Street SYDNEY NSW 2000 Invention Title: "TOPICAL PREPARATIONS HAVING A PROTECTIVE ACTION AGAINST CNIDARIA" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us:- I I la Description Topical preparations having a protective action against Cnidaria The present invention relates to topical preparations, in particular cosmetic preparations.

Cnidaria such as jellyfish, medusas or polyps paralyse their prey by firing toxin-filled cnidocysts 10 from cnidoblasts. The firing process is triggered by mechanical and chemical stimulation, but also by people when bathing and diving. Unprotected skin here leads to injuries, dangerous reactions and even to cases of death.

The sting toxin is dissipated in the skin and has a haemotoxic, myotoxic or neurotoxic action and also leads to sensitization with the subsequent danger of severe allergic reactions. Medicaments (antihistamines) are obtainable for the treatment of these reactions and of injuries.

20 As protective measures, barriers on beaches or Salternatively protective clothing for bathers are already known. These measures, however, have disadvantages, as even dead tentacle sections also still carry intact cnidoblasts and reach the bathers, e.g. even on the skin under the protective clothing. Protective clothing is additionally very tiresome, particularly in the summer and in the tropics.

Cosmetic W/O emulsions have also already been investigated with respect to their protective action against stinging jellyfish (Cyaneta capillata) on human skin (Heeger, Mller, Mrowietz, U. 1992: Marine Biology 113, 669-678). The emulsions admittedly cause a decrease in the number of cnidocyst firings, but in practice they do not offer any continually satisfactory I protection against Cnidaria.

The object of the invention was therefore to make 4 i

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available preparations having improved protective action against Cnidaria and which preferably no longer have the disadvantages of the prior art.

According to a first aspect, the present invention consists in the use of topical formulations having a content of a) inorganic micropigments and b) optionally additional organic UV filter substances, c) where the formulations are hydrodispersions, d) which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase, and fo e) which are essentially free of emulsifiers 10 for protection against Cnidaria.

According to a second aspect, the present invention consists in topical S. formulations having a content of a) inorganic micropigments and b) optionally additional organic UV filter substances, 15 c) where the formulations are hydrodispersions, which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase, and e) which are essentially free of emulsifiers for protection against Cnidaria.

According to a third aspect, the present invention consists in a process for the production of topical, cosmetic and/or dermatological preparations according to the second aspect wherein an inorganic pigment is suspended and if desired homogenised in a manner known per se in a lipid phase, in which a thickener and/or inorganic pigment has optionally been incorporated, with uniform stirring and optionally with warming, the suspension is subsequently h -1 j r

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-2amixed with an aqueous phase in which a thickener has optionally been incorporated, homogenised if desired and allowed to cool to room temperature and, after cooling to room temperature, repeated homogenisation can optionally be carried out.

According to a fourth aspect, the present invention consists in a process for the protection of the skin and of the hair from Cnidaria and their sting toxin and from UV radiation, wherein a topical, cosmetic and/or dermatological formulation which contains an effective concentration of inorganic micropigments as UV filter substances and optionally additional organic UV filter substances, the formulations being hydro- 0. dispersions which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase and which 10 are essentially free emulsifiers, and the inorganic micropigments being incorporated a into the lipid phase of the hydrodispersions, is applied to the skin or hair in a sufficient amount.

The invention relates to the use of topical formulations having a content of a) inorganic micropigments and S 15 b) optionally additional organic UV filter substances, i c) where the formulations are hydrodispersions, d) which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase, and e) whien arc essentially free of emulsifiers, and f) where the inorganic micropigments are preferably incorporated into the 20 lipid phase of the hydrodispersions for protection against Cnidaria.

The formulations to be applied topically can be cosmetic or dermatological ~Aii formulations. The term "dermatological formulations" also includes "dermatological pharmaceutical formulations" and "dermo-pharmaceutical formulations".

i- I-T 2b- The invention also relates to topical formulations having a content of a) inorganic micropigments and b) optionally additional organic UV filter substances, c) where the formulations are hydrodispersions, d) which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase, and e) which are essentially free of emulsifiers, and f) where the inorganic micropigments are preferably incorporated into the lipid phase of the hydro-dispersions, for protection against Cnidaria.

i 10 The formulations according to the invention surprisingly have an outstanding j protective action against attacks by Cnidaria, the triggering of the cnidocysts and against 'i the penetration of the stinging threads or of the sting toxin into the skin. They are S a tiV I f

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3 applied for this purpose to the skin before possible contact with the animals, to be precise in the amounts customary for topical preparations.

Particularly preferred formulations according to the invention are those containing inorganic micropigments which can serve as UV filter substances, and additionally containing organic UV filter substances. At the same time, these formulations are valuable sunscreens.

The preparations according to the invention or formulations to be used in accordance with the invention are also distinguished in an advantageous manner by a high water resistance, such that the protective action is retained for a long time in water and even in salt water.

S* 15 Hydrodispersions are dispersions of a liquid, semi-solid or solid inner (discontinuous) lipid phase in an outer aqueous (continuous) phase. The inorganic micropigments can be incorporated into the lipid phase and/or the aqueous phase of the hydrodispersion. Hydro- t 20 dispersions are preferred which contain a distinct or large proportion of inorganic micropigments or a predominant proportion or virtually the entire amount of these micropigments in the lipid phase.

In contrast to O/W emulsions, which are distinguished by a similar phase arrangement, hydrodispersions, however, are essentially free of emulsifiers. Hydrodispersions, otherwise also like emulsions, are metastable systems and are prone to change into a state of two connecting discrete phases. In emulsions, the choice of a suitable emulsifier prevents phase separation.

In the case of hydrodispersions of a liquid lipid phase in an outer aqueous phase, the stability of such a system can be guaranteed, for example, by building up a gel structure, in which the lipid droplets are stably suspended, in the aqueous phase.

The publications EP-OS 456 458, EP-OS 456 459 and EP-OS 456 460 admittedly describe sunscreen formulations based on TiO pigments. Emulsifier-free systems, however, i j;A -4 cannot be realized in such a manner. Pigment-containing hydrodispersions of the type according to the invention and their use for protection from Cnidaria and their toxin secretion have not been disclosed until now.

It was surprising and could not be foreseen that when following the teaching disclosed hereby re the technical behaviour, preparations which are extremely satisfactory in any respect are obtainable. It had rather been expected that the micropigment particles, for lack of an emulsifier, would amass to give agglomerates.

It was further surprising that the tackiness of the hydrodispersions when following the teaching disclosed hereby ie technical behaviour can be drastically decreased.

It was finally surprising that the use of V inorganic pigments in the formulations according to the invention did not lead to severe skin dryness, but on the contrary caused a lasting, extremely pleasant skin sensation.

20 Cosmetic and dermatological preparations .0 according to the invantion preferably contain inorganic pigments based on metal oxides and/or other metal compounds which are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water, in particular the oxides of titanium (Ti02), zinc (ZnO), iron Fe20 3 zirconium (Zr02), silicon (SiO 2

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manganese MnO), aluminium (A1 2 0 3 cerium (e.g.

Ce20 3 mixed oxides of the corresponding metals and mixtures of such oxides. They are particularly preferably pigments based on TiO 2 The prerequisite for the usability of inorganic pigments for the purposes according to the invention is of course the cosmetic or dermatological acceptability of the substances on which they are based.

It is essentially insignificant here for the present invention in which modifications such metal oxides are present. TiO 2 for example, occurs in nature in three main modifications (rutile, anatase and brookite), which are in principle all equally suitable.

The same applies to the modifications of the iron oxides mixtures of suchoxidesTheare partcuarly perl7 pigmets bsed n Ti,. !j I -I I L i ii.

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It is advantageous to select particle diameters of the pigments used of less than 100 nm.

It is particularly advantageous within the meaning of the present invention if the inorganic pigments are present in hydrophobic form, i.e. that they are superficially hydrophobically treated. This surface treatment can consist in providing the pigments with a thin hydrophobic layer by processes known per se.

Such a process, for example, consists in generating the hydrophobic surface layer by a reaction n TiO 2 m (RO) Si-R' n TiO 2 m (RO) 3 Si-R' (superficial) n and m here are stoichiometric parameters to be employed at will, and R and R' are the desired organic radicals.

For example, hydrophobized pigments prepared in analogy to DE-OS 33 14 742 are of advantage.

Advantageous TiO 2 pigments are obtainable, for example, under the trade names T 805 (Dbgussa) or MT 100 T from TAYCA.

Preparations according to the invention preferably contain titanium dioxide as the inorganic micropigment and/or polyacrylates (carbomers) as thickeners or gel-forming agents or film-forming agents respectively.

The topical, cosmetic and/or dermatological formulations and, in particular, sunscreen formulations according to the invention can be compounded as is customary and are used for cosmetic and/or dermatological light protection, further for the treatment, care and cleaning of the skin and/or of the hair -nd as a make-up product in decorative cosmetics.

For application, the topical, cosmetic and dermatological preparations according to the invention are applied to the skin and/or the hair in a sufficient amount in a manner customary for cosmetics, expediently before bathing or diving.

Particularly preferred cosmetic and

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CD C dermatological preparations are those which are present in the form of a sunscreen. Preferably, these additionally contain at least one UVA filter and/or at least one (further) UVB filter and/or at least one inorganic pigment.

The cosmetic and dermatolog.cal preparations according to the invention can contain cosmetic auxiliaries, such as are customarily used in such preparations, e.g. preservatives, bactericides, perfumes, substances for preventing foaming, colourants, pigments which have a colouring action, thickeners, moisturizing and/or moisture-retaining substances, fats, oils, waxes or cther customary constituents of a cosmetic or dermatological formulation such as alcohols, polyols, 15 polymers, foam stabilizers, electrolytes, organic solvents or silicone derivatives or silicone oils.

The lipid phase can advantageously be selected from the following substance group: oils, such as triglycerides of capric or caprylic 20 acid, but preferably castor oil; fats, waxes and other natural and synthetic fatty matter, preferably esters of fatty acids with alcohols of low C number, e.g. with isopropanol, propylene glycol or glycerol, or esters of fatty alcohols with alkanoic acids of low C number or with fatty acids; silicone oils such as dimethylpolysiloxanes, diethylpolysiloxanes, diphenylpolysiloxanes and also hybrids thereof.

It is particularly preferred to select the components of the lipid phase from the group consisting of the silicone oils.

The aqueous phase of the preparations according to the invention optionally advantageourly contains alcohols, diols or polyols of low C number, and their ethers, preferably ethanol, isopropanol, propylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoethyl or monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl, pnoethyl or munobutyl i-j6 i: I

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*s 4 ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl or monoethyl ether and analogous products, also alcohols of low C number, e.g. ethanol, isopropanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol and in particular one or more thickeners which can advantageously be selected from the group silicon dioxide, aluminium silicates, polysaccharides or their derivatives, e.g.

hyaluronic acid, xanthan gum, cellulose derivatives, hydroxypropylmethyleellulose, particularly advantageously from the group consisting of the polyacrylates, preferably a polyacrylate from the group consisting of the so-called Carbopols (carbomer, Goodrich), for example Carbopols of the types 980, 981, 1382, 2984, 5984, in each case 15 individually or in combination.

Thickeners can preferably be contained in amounts from 0.1 to 2.5% by weight, in particular 0.7 to 1.5% by weight, in each case based on the total formulation.

The topical, cosmetic or dermatological preparations contain inorganic pigments, e.g. in amounts from 0.1% by weight to 30~ by weight, preferably in amounts from 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight, but in particular 1% by weight to 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the preparations. Titanium dioxide is particularly preferred.

Apart from the inorganic pigments, it is advantageous according to the invention to employ oilsoluble UVA filters and/or UVB filters in the lipid phase and/or water-soluble UVA filters and/or UVB filters in 3u the aqueous phase.

Advantageously, the sunscreen formulations according to the invention can contain substances which absorb UV radiation in the UVB range, the total amount of the filter substances being e.g. 0.1% by weight to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, in particular 1 to 6% by weight, based on the total weight of the preparations, to make available cosmetic preparations which protect the skin from the entire range of ultraviolat radiation. They can also be used as suni' b! t, it ii i; i:: AiI -8screens* The UVB f ilters can be oil-soluble or watersoluble. Advantageous oil-soluble UVE filter substances I are e.g.: 3-benzylidenecamphor derivatives, preferably 3- (4-methylbenzylidene) camphor or 3-benzylidenecamphor; 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate or amyl 4-dimethylamiriobenzoate; esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate or isopentyl 4-methoxycinnamate; esters of salicylic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-isopropylbenzyl salicylate or homomenthyl salicylate; derivatives of benzophenone,'preferably 2-hydroxy- 4-methoxybenzcphenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy- 4' -methylbenzophenone or 2,2 '-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone; esters of benzylidenemalonic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzylidenemalonate; -2,4,6-trianilino-(p-carbo-2 '-ethyl-i '-hexyloxy) 1,3,5-triazine.

Advantageous water-soluble UVE filter substances J are e.g.: salts of 2-pho-nylbenzimidazole-5-su',honic acid such as its sodium, potassium or its triethanolammonium salt, and the suiphonic acid itself; sulphonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenoneacid and its salts; su2.phonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidenecamphor, such as e.g. 4-(2-'Oxo-3-bornyliJ-denemethyl)benzenesulphonic acid, 2-methyl-5- (2-oxco-3-bornylidene- 4 35 methyl)sulphonic acid and their salts.

The lists .tf the UVE filters mentioned, which can be used in combination with the inorganic pigments according to the invention, is of course not intended to be limiting.

9i It can also be advantageous to combine the inorganic pigments according to the invention with UVA filters which hitherto have been customarily contained in cosmetic preparations. These substances are preferably derivatives of dibenzoylmethane, in particular 1-(4'-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propane- 1,3-dione and l-phenyl-3-(4'-isopropylphenyl)propane- 1,3-dione. These combinations or preparations which contain these combinations are also a subject of the invention. The amounts used for the UVB combination can be employed.

It is further advantageous to combine the Sinorganic pigments according to the invention with UVA and UVB filters.

15 The invention also relates to a process for the ~production of the topical, cosmetic and/or dermatological preparations according to the invention, which is characterized in that the inorganic pigment is suspended and if desired homogenized in a manner known per se in the 20 preferably liquid lipid phase, in which a thickener has optionally been incorporated, with uniform stirring and optionally with warming, the suspension is subsequently mixed with the aqueous phase in which a thickener and/or inorganic pigment has optionally been incorporated and which preferably has about the same temperature as the suspension, homogenized if desired and allowed to cool to room temperature. After cooling to room temperature, in particular if additional volatile constituents are to be incorporated, repeated homogenization can be carried out.

The present invention also includes a process for the protection of the skin and of the hair from Cnidaria and their sting toxin and from UV radiation, which is Scharacterized in that a topical, cosmetic and/or dermatological formulation which contains an effective concentration of inorganic micropigments and optionally additional organic UV filter substances, the formulations being hydrodispersions which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase, and which are essentially free of emulsifiers, and the inorganic Use according to claim 4, wherein the inorganic pigments are selected from TiO 2 ZnO, Fe 2

O

3 ZrO 2 SiO 2 MnO, A1 2 0 3 or Ce 2 0 3 10 micropigments being incorporated into the lipid phase of the hydrodispersions, is applied to the skin or hair in a sufficient amount, and the use of these formulations particularly for these purposes.

All quantitative data, proportions and percentage proportions are related, if not stated otherwise, to the weight and the total amount or to the total weight of the preparations.

The following examples are intended to illustrate 10 the present invention without restricting it.

Example 1 Sun gel, light protection factor 12 *0 C.r S S

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1 ii Carbomers 980 and 981 (weight ratio 10:1) Octyl methoxycinnamate 15 TiO 2 particle size 100 nm, hydrophobized Ethanol Butylene glycol EDTA solution (14% strength) Phenyltrimethicone Butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane Methylbenzylidenecamphor Tocopheryl acetate Hyaluronic acid Tromethamine (in an amount for pH adjustment to Xanthan gum Perfume, preservative, colourants Water by wt.

1.0 6.0 3.0 5.0 3.0 0.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.03 5.0-5.5) 0.3 q.s.

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*0 00*000 11 Example 2 Sun gel, light protection factor 12 Phenyltrimethicone Carbomer 981 Octyl methoxycinnamate Parsol* 1789 Ti0 2 1 particle size 100 nm Ethanol Glycerol Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose EDTA solution (14% strength) Trisaminopromethamine Perfume, preservative, colourants Water, demineralized 15 Example 3 Sun gel, light protection factor 12 Octyldodecanol Carbomer 981 Octyl methoxycinnamate Parsol4D 1789 TiO,, particle size 100 rn Ethanol Butylene glycol Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose EDTA solution (14% strength) Trisaminopromethamile Perfume, preservative, colourants Wae, deinineralized by wt.

4.50 1.50 7.50 3.00 4.50 9.00 4.50 0.30 0.75 2.01 q. S.

to 100.00

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4.50 1.50 7.50 3.00 4.50 9.00 4.50 0.30 0.75 2.01 q. s.

to 100.00 1%

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12 Example 4 Sun gel, light protection factor 12 Castor oil Carbomer 981 Octyl methoxycinnamate Parsol* 1789 TiO 2 particle size 100 nm Ethanol Butylene glycol Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose EDTA solution (14% strength) Trisaminopromethamine Perfume, preservative, colourants Water, demineralized by wt.

4.50 1.50 7.50 3.00 4.50 9.00 4.50 0.30 0.75 2.01 q.s.

to 100.00 9 *9 0r *5 *5S9 *r S

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*55*9 Experimental report The protective action of the preparations according to the invention against jellyfish is demonstrated on pig skin samples using live stinging jellyfish (Cyanea capiliata). To do this, amounts of preparation of the formulation of Example 1 are distributed homogeneously on the skin samples in accordance with the recommendations of the European Commission for Protection from Light. After 10 minutes, the samples are brought into contact with the tentacles for 4 s. The samples are then examined by scanning electron microscopy and the number of cnidocysts and the adhesion of the preparation are determined. It is seen that the preparation according to the invention adheres well to the skin and virtually no cnidocysts are triggered.

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The preparations according to the invention have an excellent protective action.

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i 12a The preparations of the present invention are preferred for the protection against jellyfish and medusas, particularly jellyfish.

The protective acton of the preparations according to the invention is also demonstrated using the jellyfish Chiropsalmus quadrigatus (box-jelly, seawasp) according the above report. The preparations according to the invention have also an excellent protective action.

10 The preparations according to the invention have also an excellent protective actions against Chironex fleckeri (seawasp).

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Claims (18)

1. Use of topical formulations having a content of a) inorganic micropigments and b) optionally additional organic UV filter substances, c) where the formulations are hydrodispersions, d) which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase, and e) which are essentially free of emulsifiers for protection against Cnidaria.

2. Use according to claim 1 wherein the inorganic micropigments are incorporated iil i 1 10 into the lipid phase of the hydrodispersions. i t

3. Use of formulations according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic pigments are based on the metal oxides and/or other metal compounds which are sparingly soluble or insoluble in water.

4. Use according to claim 3 wherein the inorganic pigments are based on the oxides 15 of titanium, zinc, iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminium, cerium, mixed oxides of the corresponding metals or mixtures of such oxides.

Use according to claim 4, wherein the inorganic pigments are selected from TiO 2 ZnO, Fe20 3 ZrO 2 Si0 2 MnO, A 2 0 3 or Ce20 3 i

6. Use of formulations according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the inorganic pigments are superficially hydrophobised. i

7. Use of formulations according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the aqueous phase of the hydrodispersions contains a thickener.

8. Use according to claim 7 wherein the thickener is a polyacrylate. -o 1 1 1 .f 1 1 *Cl 1 d~ i I j 4. .~4.42 .e *4 4 49

9. I. 4. 9 .9 S 4 9* V. I 4 9 *4 0 9 4 9 4 9*9**9 S 4* 4 *4 4* OS*4* S -14- 9. Use of forinulatiolis according to anyone of claims 1 to 8, wherein they contain 0.0 1% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulations, of inorganic pigments.

Use according to claim 9 wherein they contain 0.1 wt% to 6 wt% of inorganic pigments.

11. Topical formulations having a content of a) inorganic micropigments and b) optionally additional organic UV filter substances, c) where the formulations are hydrodispersions, 10 d) which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase, and e) which are essentially free of emulsifiers for protection against Cnidaria.

12. Topical formulations according to claim 11 wherein the inorganic micropignients 15 are incorporated into the lipid phase of the hydro-dispersions.

13. Process for the production of topical, cosmetic and/or dermatological preparations according to claim 11 or 12, wherein an inorganic pigment is suspended and if desired homogenised in a manner known per se in a lipid phase, in which a thickener and/or inorganic pigment has optionally been incorporated, with uniform stirring and optionally with warming, the suspension is subsequently mixed with an aqueous phase in which a thickener has optionally been incorporated, homogenised if desired and allowed to cool to room temperature and, after cooling to room temperature, repeated homogenisation can optionally be carried out. A *r ~CL

14. Process according to claim 13 where the inorganic pigment is suspended and, if desired homogenised, in a liquid lipid phase.

Process according to claim 13 or 14 where the aqueous phase to which a thickener has optionally been added has about the same temperature as the suspension.

16. Process according to any one of claims 13 to 15 wherein after cooling additional volatile constituents are incorporated and repeated homogenisation is optionally carried out.

17. Process for the protection of the skin and of the hair from Cnidaria and their sting 4* toxin and from UV radiation, wherein a topical, cosmetic and/or dermatological 10 formulation which contains an effective concentration of inorganic micropigments as 4. UV filter substances and optionally additional organic UV filter substances, the formulations being hydro-dispersions which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase and which are essentially free of emulsifiers, and the inorganic i.. micropigments being incorporated into the lipid phase of the hydrodispersions, is applied 15 to the skin or hair in a sufficient amount.

18. Use of topical formulations for protection against Cnidaria substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the Examples. DATED this 12th Day of November 1998 BEIERSDORF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Attorney: RUTH M. CLARKSON Fellow Institute of Patent Attorneys of Australia of BALDWIN SHELSTON WATERS o^ 1 -16 Abstract Topical formulations having a content of a) inorganic micropigments and b) optionally additional organic UV filter substances, c) where the formulations are hydrodispersions, d) which consist of an inner lipid phase and an outer aqueous phase, and e) which are essentially free of emulsifiers, and 10 f) where the inorganic micropigments are preferably incorporated into the lipid phase of the hyc-o- .oo 'dispersions, :for protection against Cnidaria. e a 9* 'I B