AU695224B2 - Dimercaptothiadiazole-mercaptan coupled compounds as multifunctional additives for lubricants and fuels - Google Patents

Description

WO 96/06903 PCT/US94!09981 DIMERCAPTOTHIADIAZOLE-MERCAPTAN COUPLED COMPOUNDS AS MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES FOR LUBRICANTS AND FUELS This invention is directed to combinations of dimercaptothiadiazole-mercaptan coupled dithio compounds with amines which have proven to be highly effective multifunctionci antiwear/extreme pressure additives for lubricants and fuels.

Dimercaptothiadiazole derivatives, such as 2,5-dimercapto-l,3,4-thiadiazole, disodium 2,5-dimercaptothiadiazole and 2, thiadiazole, are well known for their antioxidancy, anticorrosion, and metal passivation properties in a variety of lubricant applications, as disclosed in U.S.

Patent Nos. 4,661,273, 4,678,592 and 4,584,114.

Furthermore, U. S. 5,186,850 discloses that the incorporation of the heterocyclic dimercaptothiadiazole functionality into succinimide structures provides ashless dispersants with multifunctional antiwear, antioxidant and corrosion inhibitor properties in lubricant compositions.

Additionally, various reaction products of mercapto- and dimercaptothiadiazoles have been known to possess extreme pressure/antiwear properties, in a variety of lubricant formulations, as exemplified in U.S. Pat. No. 4,661,273; 4,382,869; and 4,678,592.

The use of amines in lubricants and the detergent industry has been well known for their alkalinity, surface activity, and neutralization capability. Amine phosphate is one class of additivies used extensively in industrial oils, and polyamine-derived succinimides are key components in ashless dispersants of engine oils.

Reaction products of dimercaptothiadiazole derived i alcohols and alkenyl succininc anhydrides and their subsequent amine reaction products have been found to be effective antiwear/antioxidant additives for lubricants; see U.S. 4,908,144. U.S. 5,188,746 discloses antiwear/ antioxidant additives for lubricants based on i wO o6/06903 PCT/US94/09981 -2dimercaptothiadiazole derivatives of acrylate and methacrylate polymers and amine reaction products thereof.

It has now been found that the use of these combinations of thiadiazole-derived dithio additives with amine derivatives, in accordance with the present invention, provide exceptional antiwear/EP activity with significantly enhanced metal passivating/corrosion inhibiting properties for lubricants and fuels.

Lubricant and fuel compositions in accordance with the invention containing small additive concentration of a combination of a dimercaptothiadiazole-mercaptan coupled compound with an amine product possess excellent antiwear properties coupled with good extreme pressure activities.

Additional antioxidation, cleanliness, antifatigue, high temperature stabilizing, and friction modifying properties are likely. Both the thiadiazole-dithio moiety and the amine/ammonium salt moiety are believed to provide the basis for the synergistic antiwear and EP property of these novel additives.

All of these beneficial properties are believed to be enhanced as a result of this novel internal synergisn.

This unique internal synergism concept is believed to be applicable to similar structures containing thiadiazole groups, dithio linking groups, amine groups within the same component. The products of this invention show good stability and compatibility when used in the presence of other commonly used additives in fuel or lubricant compositions.

These remarkable benefits are'also expected for a variety of synthetic and mineral oil based lubricants and fuels particularly light distillate fuels containing these additives. The compositions of matter and the lubricant and fuel compositions are believed to the novel. To the best of our knowledge, these compositions have not been previously used as antiwear/extreme pressure additives in lubricating oils, greases, or fuel applications.

r -3- In one aspect the present invention provides an improved lubricant composition comprising a major proportion of an oil of lubricating viscosity or a grease prepared therefrom, or a liquid hydrocarbyl or hydrocarboxy fuel and a minor proportion of a non-phosphorus, multifunctional antioxidant, loadcarrying anti-wear/extreme pressure and corrosion inhibiting additive product of reaction comprising a dimercaptothiadiazole coupled dithio compound reacted with a hydrocarbyl amine where each dithio functionality of said dimercaptothiadiazole has attached thereto no more than one hydrogen and at least one C1-C30 hydrocarbyl group that are the same or different which results in the additive product having both a thiadiazole-alkyldithio moiety and an amine or ammonium salt moiety and wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures varying from ambient to about 2500 C, under pressures varying from ambient to about 100 psi or is autogenous with the reaction time varying from about one hour to about 48 hours sufficient to obtain the desired additive product of reaction and where the reaction is carried out in molar ratios of reactants varying from equimolar to more than molar to less than molar.

In a further aspect the present invention provides a process of preparing a non-phosphorus multifunctional antioxidant, load-carrying and corrosion inhibiting additive product prepared therefrom, or a liquid hydrocarbyl and a minor proportion of a non-phosphorus, multifunctional antioxidant, loadcarrying, antiwear/extreme pressure and corrosion inhibiting additive product of reaction comprising a dimercaptothiadiazole coupled dithio compound reacted with a hydrocarbyl amine where each dithio functionality of said dimercaptothiadiazole has attached thereto no more than one hydrogen and at least one C 1 -C30 hydrocarbyl group that are the same or different which results in the additive product having both a thiadiazole-alkyldithio moiety and an amine or ammonium salt moiety and wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures varying from ambient to about 2500C under pressures varying from ambient to about 100 psi or is autogenous with the reaction time varying from about one hour to about 48 hours sufficient to obtain the desired additive DG C\WINWORD\DEULAHWORK\76448CLDOC -o -3aproduct of reaction and where the reaction is carried out in molar ratio of reactants is varying from equimolar to more than molar to less than molar.

In an even further aspect the present invention provides the process wherein said additive product of reaction is generally prepared by reacting a thiadiazole-derived dithio compound of the structural formula (Structure B) where R and R, are the same or different and are hydrogen or C, to about hydrocarbyl selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl and may optionally contain additional O, S, N or mixtures thereof with a hydrocarbyl amine and wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures varying from ambient to about 2500C under pressures varying from ambient to about 10 psi or is autogenous and the reaction time varying from about one hour to about 48 hours sufficient to obtain the desired additive product of reaction and where the reaction is carried out in molar ratios of reactants varying from equimolar to more than molar to less 20 than molar.

In yet an even further aspect the present invention provides a lubricant or fuel additive product of reaction consisting of a dimercaptothiadiazole coupled dithio compound reacted with a hydrocarbyl amine where each dithio functionality has attached thereto no more than one hydrogen and at least one 25 C1 -C30 hydrocarbyl group that are the same or different which results in the additive product having both a thiadiazole-alkyldithio moiety and an amine or S: ammonium salt moiety tlc wherein the additive product imparts nonphosphorous multifunctional, load-carrying and coi .sion inhibiting qualities to an oil of lubricating viscosity or a grease prepared therefrom.

O DG C:\WINWORDEUILAHWORK?6448CLDOC k~CI 3b More specifically this invention is directed to improved lubricant or fuel compositions comprising a major proportion of an oil of lubricating viscosity or a grease prepared therefrom, or a major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbyl or hydrocarboxy fuel and a minor proportion of a multifunctional antiwear/extreme pressure additive product of reaction consisting of combinations of dimercaptothiadiazole-mercaptan coupled dithio compounds with hydrocarbyl amines.

Preparation 2,5-dimercapto-l,3,4-thiadiazole (DMTD), made by the reaction of hydrazine with carbon disulfide, oxidatively coupled with alkyl mercaptans, such as nonyl, to form thiadiazole-derived dithio compounds (Structure These dithio adducts were then blended with various amines to form a new group of additive blends.

N---N

C*HIg---S-S0 -S0- S- (Structure A) *oo: However, applicants do not wish to be bound by a particular structure(s) or formula for the additive reaction products o. 20 in accordance with the invention [Structure(s) B] the o combination of the dithio adducts blended with the various amines.

The mercaptothiadiazoles may be prepared as above or made in any convenient manner or obtained as an article of 25 commerce. Any suitable mercaptothiadiazole such as dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole; 3,5-dimercapto-l,2,4thiadiazole; 4,5-dimercapto-l,2,5-thiadiazole; etc. can be used. Accordingly, the hydrocarbyl groups need not be alkyl or limited to C9H19 but may be R as in the below generalized structure: -arc WO96/06903 PCTUS94109981 -4-

T

Nm~-N R 8 S-S4-Rp-R R (Structure B) where R and R, can be the same or different and are hydrogen.or C 1 to about hydrocarbyl selected from alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl and may optionally contain additional O, S, or N or mixtures thereof. Preferably R is CnH 2 1 there n is 1 to about Mercaptobenzothiazoles such as 6,7-dimercaptobenzo- 2,1,3-thiadiazole are also believed to be suitable.

Generally, the amines used in this invention are aliphatic and can be primary, secondary, or tertiary and preferably alkylamines or arylamines.

Non-limiting examples of primary amines are methylamine; ethylamine; n-propylamine; isopropylamine; nbutylamine; dodecylamine; triacontylamine; allylamine; 2propynlamine; cyclohexylamine; propargylamine; isobutylamine; sec-butylamine; 2-ethylhexylamine; cyclopropylmethylamine; t-butylamine; 1,1l-dimethyl-2propynlamine; 1,1l-diethyl-2-propynylamine, 1ethynylcyclohexylamine and benzylamine.

Non-limiting examples of secondary amines-are dimethylamine, diethylamine, dibutylamine, diotylamine, ditetradecylamine, diallylamine, di-2-hexenylamine, dicyclohexylamine, methylethylamine, methyl cyclohexylamine, diisopropylamine, diisopentylamine, ethyl cyclohexylamine, (3-amine-propyl)alkenylamine wherein the alkenyl group has 16 to 18 carbon atoms; (3-aminopropyl) alkenylamine wherein the alkenyl group has 18, 20, and 22 carbon atoms; and dihydrogenated tallow amine Armeen 2HT).

WO 96/06903 PCTIUS94/0998 1 Non-limiting examples of tertiary amines are trimethyamine, dimethyl ethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine, triallylamine, triisopentylamine, tricyclohexylamine, dimenthyl octylamine, n-hexadecyldimethylamine, Armeen DMl6D), n-octadecyl-dimethylamine Armeen DMl8D), methyl dihydrogenated tallowamine Armeen M2HT), and methyl dicocoamine Armeen M2C).

Non-limiting examples of arylamines are aniline 2chloroaniline; 2-chloroaniline; 4-chloroaniline; 2-methyl- 4-chloroanilirne; 2,4-dichloroaniline; 3,4-dichloroaniline; 2, 5-dichloro-4-nitroaniline; m-tri-fluoromethylaniline; isopropulaniline; p-methoxyaniline; N-methoxynethyl-2 ,6diethylaniline; a-naphthylamine; N-sec-butl-4-t-butyl-2 ,6dinitroaniline; 3-amino-2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid; N,Ndipropyl, a, a,a-trifluoro-2, 6-dinitro-p-toluidine; 4-bromo- 3-chloroaniline; 4 (4'-chlorophenoxy) aniline; N N 3 diethyl-2, 4-dinitro-6-trifluoromethyl-m-phenylenediamine; p-dimethylaminoanline; diphenylamine; p-bromoaniline; maminiphenyl-t-butylcarbamate; o-phenylenediamine; mphenylenediamine; 4-dimethylamino-3 ,5-dimethylphenol; 4- (methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline; dinitro-N ,N-dipropylsulfanilamide; N-sec-butyl-4-t-butyl- 2, 6-dinitroaiiiline; m-toluisine; p-toluidine; m-tbutylaniline; o-anisicline; p-anisidine; dimethylaniline; onitroaniline; p-nitroaniline; and 4,4 '-oxydianiline.

Non-limiting examples of heterocyclic amines are 3amino-l, 2, 4-triazole; 2-chloro-4-ehtylamino-6isopropylamino-s-triazine; pyridine; piperidine; piperazine; morphiline; 4,4 '-dipyridyl; 8-ydroxyquinoline; 4-amino-6-t-butyl-3- (methykthio) 4-triazine-5 (4H) -one; 6-ethoxy-l, 2-dihydro-2 ,4-trimethylquinoline; indole; hexahydro-lH-azepine; 4-amino-5-chloro-2-pheyl-3 (2H) pyridazinone; pyrrole; imidazolidine; isoqluinoline; 2,4lutidine; 2-methyl-5-ethylpyridine; 2-dimethyl ~snr*a~a~ WO 96/06903 PCTJUS94/09981 aminopyridine; a-picoline; B-picoline; y-picoline; quinoline; and 4,4'-dipyridine.

Non limiting examples of other salt forming amino compounds contemplated are 2-chloroethyl dimethylamine, diethanilaminel guanidine; dodecylguanidine; 3-(4chlorophenyl)1-,l-dimethylurea, 3-(3,4-dichiorophenyl)-1,1dimethylurea, Fenuron; Tandex; B-alanine; methyl glycine; glycinamide; aminoacetonitrile; aminoethanthiol; aminoacetic acid; diethyl ethanolamine; diethylenetriamine; isopropanolamine; diisopropanolaminel triisopropanolamine; ethylenediamine; hexamethylenetetramine; hydrazine; phenothiazine; sulfanilic acid; tetraethylenepentamine; thiourea; urea; triethanolamine; triethylenetetramine; diethanol soyaamine Ethomeen S-12) and didecaoxyethylene soyaamine Ethomeen Examples of highly suitable amines are: a) cyclic amines: dicyclohexylamine, 1,4diaminocyclohexane, piperidine, hexamethyleneimine, etc.; b) heterocyclic amines: morpholine, aminopropyl morpholine (APM), aminoethyl piperazine (AEP); c) etheramines: C, to alkyloxypropylamines (Exxon and Sherex), polyoxyalkylene amines (Texaco Jeffamine); d) diamines: Exxon etherdiamines (DA-14, DA-17), Texaco polyoxyalkylene diamine, Akzo Duomeens (Duomeen

C&O);

e) straight chain amines: ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, dioctylamine, dicocoamine, etc.; f) branched chain amines: 2-ethylhexylamine, isopropylamine, isobutylamine, diisobutylamine, bis(2ethylhexyl)amine, tert-alkyl amine(C18-C22), dicocoalkylmethylamine.

An excess of one reagent or another can be used.

Molar quantities, less than molar quantities, or more than molar quantities of either amines or dithio-adducts can be used.

i WO 96/06903 PCTfUS94/09981 Conditions for the above reactions may vary widely depending upon specific reeactants, the presence or absence of a solvent and the like. Any suitable set of reaction conditions known to the art may be used. Generally stoichiometric or equimolar ratios of reactnats are used.

However, more than molar or less than molar amounts may be used. In any event, reaction conditions are not viewed as critical. Generally speaking, the reaction temperature may vary from ambient to about 250*C or reflux, the pressure may be autogenous or vary from ambient to about 100 psi with reaction times varying from about one hour to about '48 hours or more.

Clearly the use of additive concentrations of these dithio adducts coupled with various amines provide exceptional antiwear, load-carrying activity and corrosion inhibiting properties, etc. when incorporated into fuel and lubricant compositions.

The additives embodied herein are utilized in lubricating oil or grease compositions in an amount which imparts significant antioxidant, load-carrying and corrosions inhibiting characteristics to oil or grease as well as reducing the friction of ,ngines operating with the oil in its crankcase. Concentrations of 0.001 to 10 wt. based on the total weight of the composition can be used.

Preferably, the concentration is from 0.1 to 3 wt. It is expected that these materials would also be suitable for use in liquid hydrocarbyl or alcoholic or mixed hydrocarbyl/alcoholic fuel compositions. They are generally utilized in amounts varying from 50 to 500 pounds per 1000 barrels of fuel.

The additives have the ability to improve the antiwear characteristics and friction reducing characteristics of various oleagenous materials such as hydrocarbyl lubricating media which may comprise liquid oils in the form of either a mineral oil or a synthetic oil, or in the

A

4 -L T- L1C-~lll -6~ 44 i WO 96/06903 PCTUS94/09981 form of a grease .in which the aformentioned oils are employed as a vehicle.

In general, mineral oils, both paraffinic, najhthenic and mixtures thereof, employed as the lubricant, or grease vehicle, may be of any suitable lubricating viscosity range, as for example, from 6 mm 2 /s at 38°C (about 45 SSU at 100°F) to 1200 mm'/s at 38°C (about 6000 SSU at 100°F) and preferably, from 7.5 (about 50) to 62 mm 2 /s (about 250 SSU) at 99°C (210°F). These oils which may have viscosity indexes ranging to about 95 are preferred. The average molecular weights of these oils may range from 250 to 800.

Where the lubricant is to be employed in the form of a grease, the lubricating oil is generally employed in an amount sufficient to balance the total grease composition, after accounting for the desired quantity of the thickening agent, and other additive components to be included in the grease formulation.

A wide variety of materials -ay be employed as thickening or gelling agents. These may include any of the conventional metal salts or scaps, which are dispersed in the lubricating vehicle in grease-forming quantities in an amount to impart to the resulting grease composition the desired consistency. Other thickening agents that may be employed in the grease formulation may comprise the nonsoap thickeners, such as surface-modified clays and silicas, aryl ureas, calcium complexes and similar materials. In general, grease thickeners may be employed which do not melt and dissolve when used at the required temperature within a particular environment; however, in all other respects, any materials which is normally employed for thickening or gelling hydrocarbon fluids for foaming grease can be used in preparing grease in accordance with the present invention.

In instances where synthetic oils, or synthetic oils employed as the lubricant or wehicle for the grease, are desired in preference to mineral oils, or in combination WO96/06903 PCT/US94/09981 i: therewith, various compounds of this type may be successfully utilized. Typical synthetic oils include, but are not limited to, polyisobutylene, polybutenes, hydrogenated polydecenes, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane esters, neopentyl and pentaerythritol esters, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, dibutyl phthalate, fluorocarbons, silicate esters, silanes, esters of phosphorus-containing acids, liquid ureas, ferrocene derivatives, hydrogenated synthetic oils, chain-type polyphenyls, siloxanes and silicones (polysiloxanes), alkyl-substituted diphenyl ethers typified by a butyl-substituted bis(p-phenoxy phenyl) ether, phenoxy phenylethers.

It is to be understood, however, that the compositions comtemplated herein can also contain other materials. For example, corrosion inhibitors, extreme pressure agents and the like can be used as exemplified respectively by metallic phenates sulfonates, polymeric succinimides, nonmetallic or metallic phosphorodithioates and the like.

These materials do not detract from the value of the compositions of this invention, rather the materials serve to impart their customary properties to the particular compositions in which they are incorporated.

The following examples are merely illustrative and are not meant to be limitations on the scope of this invention.

EXAMPLE 1 Approximately 95 gr of dithio)thiadiazole (commercially dbtained from Amoco Chemical Company under the trademark Amoco 158 or from Mobil Chemical Company under the trademark Mobilad C-610) and 5 gm of isodecyloxypropylamine (commercially obtained from Sherex Chemical Company under the trademark Adogen 180) were blended together in a mixer at 80°C for two hours. After a quick filtration, approximately 99.5 gm of WO 96/0 69 0 3 -10- PCT/US94/09981 yellow-brown liquid was recovered as desired blending product.

EXAMPLE 2 Approximately 90 gm of thiadiazole and 10 gm of isodecyloxypropylamine were blended together in a mixer at 80°C for two hours. After a quick filtration, approximately 99.2 gm of yellow-brown liquid was recovered as desired blending product.

EXAMPLE 3 The reaction procedure of Example 2 was followed with one exception: C 8 22 tert-alkyl primary amine (commercially obtained from Rohm Haas Chemical Company under the trademark Primene JM-T) was used instead of isodecyioxy- -vlamine.

EXAMPLE 4 The reaction procedure of Example 1 was followed with one exception: oleyl 1,3-diaminiopropane (commercailly obtained from AKZO Chemical Company under the trademark Duomeen 0) was used instead of isodecyloxypropylamine.

Evaluation The products of Exampes 2, 3 and 4 were blended into industrial oils and evaluated for antiwear performance using the Four-Ball test (Table 1).

^L iI i j WO 96/06903 PCTIUS94/09981 Table 1 Four-Ball Wear Test Wear Scar Diameter in mm, Minute Test 200°F 60 Kg 40 Kg Item 1500 rpm 1800 rpm Base oil (80% solvent 2.12 0.733 parafinic bright, 20% solvent paraffinic neutral mineral oils) 1% Mobilad C-610 0.784 0.600 1% Example 2 0.739 0.589 1% Example 3 0.772 0.636 1% Example 4 0.794 0.609 As can be seen from the above wear test results, the product exhibits considerable antiwear activity.

The products of the examples were also blended into fully formulated engine oils: Example 1 was evaluated for load carrying capacity using the Four Ball EP Test (Table Examples 1 and 2 were evaluated in the FZG Gear tester (Table 3).

Table 2 Four-Ball EP Test and ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion (EP:1760 rpm/10sec./25°C; D130-6:250F/3h, D130-8:210F/3h/l%H 2 0) Plus 1% Plus 1% Item Base Oil* Mobilad C-610 Example 1 Last Non-seizure Load (Kg) i00 100 126 Weld Load (Kg) 200 250 250 Load Wear Index (LWI) 41.4 46.4 53.8 Copper Strip (D130-6) 2B 2D 1A Copper Strip (D130-8) 2A 2A 1A *Base oil is a fully formulated synthetic engine oil containing a performance additive package including detergent, dispersant, antioxidant, corrosion inhibitor, and a small amount of zinc dithiophosphate.

1 l WO 96/06903 PCT/US94/09981 -12- Table 3 Item FZG (pass stage) Base Oil (fully formulated synthetic 7 oil with additive package containing antioxidant, rust inhibitor, detergent, and dispersant) Base Oil plus 1% Example 1 Base oil plus 1% Example 2 12 In the Four Ball Wear Test three stationary balls are placed in a lubricant cup and a lubricant containing the compound to be tested is added thereto, and a fourti ball is placed in a chuck mounted on a device which can be used to spin the ball at known speeds and loads. The examples were tested using half inch stainless steel balls of 52100 steel for thirty minutes under 60/40 kg load at 1500 and 1800 rpm and 93*C (200*F). If additional information concerning this test is desired consult test method ASTM D2266 and/or U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,482.

The Copper Strip Corrosivity Test (ASTM D-130) measures a product's propensity to corrode copper due to, for example, contained sulfur groups. Further details may be found in ASTM Standards on Petroleum Products and Lubricants, published annually by the American Society for testinc Materials.

The Four-Ball EP Test (ASTM) D-2783) measures the extreme pressure characteristics or load-carrying properties of a lubricant by determining Load Wear Index (LWI) and weld point. A test ball is rotated under load at a tetrahedral position on top of three stationary balls immersed in lubricant. Measurements of scars on the three stationary balls are used to calculate LWI's, and the weld is tne load at which the four balls weld together in seconds. The last non-seizure load is the last load at which the measured scar diameter is not more that 5% above the compensation line at the load. The compensation line

A

SC~. .I WO 96/06903 PCTIUS94/09981 -13is a logarithmic plot where the coordinates are scar diameter in millimeters and applied load in kilograms obtained under dynamic conditions. The higher the LWI value the better. See U.S. 4,965,002 and ASTM D-2783.

The FZG Gear Test (DIN-51.354). In this test, diplubricated gears are weighed and operated at a fixed speed and fixed initial oil temperature (90*C) in the gear oil under test. The load on the teeth is increased in increments. After each load stage, the weight changes are determined and recorded. The results are reported in Table 3. The higher the Fail Stage value the better the material. The lower the wear value the better the weight change and/or visual condition. Further details can be found in CEC method L-07-A-71.

AS shown above, the products of this invention show very good antiwear, extreme pressure activities as evidenced by improving wear charLcteristics and scoring load capacity from state 7 to stage 10-12 in FZG tester, and LWI in Four Ball EP test. In addition, the product of this invention also shows excellent corrosivity control.

The use of additive blends of bis(alkyldithio)thiadiazole and amines in premium quality industrial and.engine lubricants will significantly enhance the stability, improve load-carrying, reduce the wear, and extend the service life. These additive blends may also have the potential to benefit gasoline and diesel fuels by improving the antioxidation, antiwear, and anticorrosion characteristics of these fuels. These novel compositions described in this patent information are useful at low concentrations and do not contain any potentially undesirable metals or phosphorus. These dual functional antiwear/EP-antioxidants can be readily commercially made.

L

13a Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the word "comprise" and variations of the word, such as "comprising" and "comprises", is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps.

a0 e000 e t 0 oo e t C VNWOROANELLESPECA76448,DOC II

Claims (16)

1. An improved lubricant composition comprising a major proportion of an oil of lubricating viscosity or a grease prepared therefrom, or a liquid hydrocarbyl or hydrocarboxy fuel and a minor proportion of a non phosphorus, multifunctional antioxidant, load-carrying anti-wear/extreme pressure and corrosion inhibiting additive product of reaction comprising a dimercaptothiadiazole coupled dithio compound reacted with a hydrocarbyl amine where each dithio functionality of said dimercaptothiadiazole has attached thereto no more than one hydrogen and at least one C1-C30 hydrocarbyl group that are the same or different which results in the additive product having both a thiadiazole-alkyldithio moiety and an amine or ammonium salt moiety and wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures varying from ambient to about 2500 C under pressures varying from ambient to about 100 psi or is autogenous with the reaction time varying from about one hour to about 48 hours sufficient to obtain the desired additive product of reaction and where the reaction is carried out in molar ratios of reactants varying from equimolar to more than molar to less than molar. S: 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said additive product of reaction is generally prepared by reacting a thiadiazole-derived dithio 20 compound of the structural formula 9** R R, 0 o S(Structure B) 2 where R and R, are the same or different and are hydrogen or C, to about hydrocarbyl selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl and may optionally contain additional O, S, N or mixtures thereof with a hydrocarbyl amine and wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures varying from ambient to about 2500 C under pressures varying from ambient to about 100 psi or is autogenous with reaction times varying from about one hour to about 48 hours time sufficient to D C.:\WM ORDOEULA OERM7AKAI64CLOOC J DG CAWINWORDOEULAMWORK17B"SCLOD C out in molar ratios of reactants varying from equimolar to more than molar to less than molar.

3. The composition of claim 1 or 2 wherein said dithio compound is and said amine is isodecyloxypropylamine.

4. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said oil of lubricating viscosity is selected from the group consisting of mineral oils, (2) synthetic oils, or mixtures of mineral and synthetic oils or is a grease prepared from any one of or The composition of any one the preceding claims wherein the lubricant contains from about 0.001 to about 10 wt based on the total weight of the composition of the additive product of reaction.

6. The composition of any one of the preceding claims wherein the lubricant is a mineral oil.

7. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the lubricant is a synthetic oil.

8. The composition of claims 1 to 3 wherein the fuel is selected from the group consisting of liquid hydrocarbyl or hydrocarboxy or alcoholic or mixtures of hydrocarbyl and alcoholic fuels.

9. The composition of claims 1 to 3 and 8 wherein the fuel contains from about 23 to about 227 Kg of said additive, er 159000L of fuel. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 3 and 8 wherein the fuel is a distillate fuel.

11. A method of preparing an improved lubricant or fuel composition comprising adding to said lubricant or fuel a minor multifunctional antioxidant, 25 load-carrying, corrosion-inhibiting amount of from about 0.001 to about 10 wt based on the total weight of the composition or from 50 to about 500 Ibs of the additive product of reaction as claimed in claim 1.

12. A method of protecting moving metal parts comprising: a) contacting said metal parts with a minor multifunctional antioxidant amount of from about 0.001 to about 10 wt based on the total DO C\WINWORD\EULAmWORM7644CLDOC K C L t r 4* 9 c A t -16- weight of the composition or from 50 to about 500 Ibs of the additive product of reaction as claimed in claim 1; and b) imparting improved load-carrying and corrosion-inhibiting qualities to the moving metal parts contacted with said additive product of reaction of step a)

13. A process of preparing a non-phosphorus multifunctional antioxidant, load-carrying and corrosion inhibiting additive product prepared therefrom, or a liquid hydrocarbyl and a minor proportion of a non-phosphorus, multifunctional antioxidant, load-carrying, antiwear/extreme pressure and 10 corrosion inhibiting additive product of reaction comprising a dimercaptothiadiazole coupled dithio compound reacted with a hydrocarbyl amine where each dithio functionality of said dimercaptothiadiazole has attached thereto no more than one hydrogen and at least one C 1 hydrocarbyl group that are the same or different which results in the additive product having both a thiadiazole-alkyldithio moiety and an amine or ammonium salt moiety and wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures varying from ambient to about 2500C under pressures varying from ambient to about 100 psi or is autogenous with the reaction time varying from about one hour to about 48 hours sufficient to obtain the desired additive product of reaction and where the reaction is carried out in molar of reactor is varying from equimolar to more than molar to less than molar.

14. The process of claim 13 wherein said additive product of reaction is generally prepared by reacting a thiadiazole-d,,.ved dithio compound of the structural formula N-- (Structure B) where R and R, are the same or different and are hydrogen or Ci to about hydrocarbyl selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl and may optionally contain DG CMkNoRDOD EULAkMW.VROM" CLD0C r 1A~ -17- additional 0, S, N or mixtures thereof with a hydrocarbyl amine and wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures varying from ambient to about 250 0 C under pressures varying from ambient to about 10 psi or is autogenous and the reaction time varying from about one hour to about 48 hours sufficient to obtain the desired additive product of reaction and where the reaction is carried out in molar ratios of reactants varying from equimolar to more than molar to less than molar. The process of claim 13, wherein said dithio compound is bis(t-nonyl dithio)thiadiazole and said amine is isodecyloxypropylamine.

16. A lubricant or fuel additive product of reaction consisting of a dimercaptothiadiazole coupled dithio compound reacted with a hydrocarbyl amine where each dithio functionality has attached thereto no more than one hydrogen and at least one C, -C30 hydrocarbyl group that are the same or different which results in the additive product having both a thiadiazole- alkyldithio moiety and an amine or ammonium salt moiety and wherein the additive product imparts non-phosphorous multifunctional, load-carrying and corrosion inhibiting qualities to an oil of lubricating viscosity or a grease prepared therefrom.

17. The additive of claim 16 prepared by reacting a thiadiazole- derived dithio compound of the structural formula R (Structure B) where R and R 1 are the same or different and are hydrogen or C to about hydrocarbyl selected from alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl and may optionally contain additional O, S, N or mixtures thereof with a hydrocarbyl amine and wherein the reaction is carried out at temperatures varying from ambient to about 2500C under pressures varying from ambient to about 10 psi or is autogenous and the Sreaction time varying from about one hour to about 48 hours sufficient to obtain DOG clWNWORDEULAH\WORKl76448CLCOC -18- molar ratios of reactants varying from equimolar to more than molar to less than molar.

18. The additive of claim 16 wherein the reactants are nonyl-dithio)thiadiazole and isodecyloxypropylamine.

19. An improved lubricant of fuel composite substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the examples. A lubricant or fuel additive substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the examples.

21. A process according to claim 13 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any of the examples. DATED: 23 June, 1998 PHILLIPS ORMONDE FITZPATRICK Attorneys for: MOBIL OIL CORPORATION eI s a I 0 0 0 0000 O I° -t A "T A 0 DG C:\WINWORD\DEULAH\WORK\76448CLDOC INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT mnt tional appicsuon No. PCTIUS94/0998 1 A. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER IPC(6) :C10M 135/36,1l35/20. CIOL 1/24 US CL :252/47, 47.5. 44/341, 330 According to International Patent Classification (UPC) or to both national classification and IPC B. FIELDS SEARCHED Minimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols) U.S. 252147, 47.5; 44/341, 330 Documentation searched other than minimum documentation to the extent that such document~s are included in the fields searched Electronic data base consulted during the inixrnational search (.-ame of data base and, where practicable, search terms used) C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT Category* Citation of document, with indication, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to claim No. X USA 4,104,179 (Colclough) 01 August 1978, See Col. 1, 1-13 lines 40-53; Col. 4, lines 23 et. seq; Col. 5, lines 10-26; and Y claims 7-8. 1-13 A USA I 5,275,630 (Dorer) 04 January 1994. See col. 3, 1-13 lines 7-37. A USA 4,871,465 (Hutchison) 03 October 1989. See Col. 1, 1-13 lines 7-61. A USDA 3,966,623 (Krug et al) 29 June 1976. See Col. 2, 1-13 lines 1-53. A US,A 3,909,420 (Turnquest et al) 30 September 1975. See 1-13 Col. 1, lines 29-67. Further documents are listed in the continuation of Box C. 11 Se patent family annex. Specil cateories of ckad docuimnt: -r iser docent published aftr the iterrooel filing daue or pnonty documentdefig dw gmeral @we of the art which is not conidered dtmiTnomuic with thaia bumcaatuevn M to be of parlicuhr relvkuicnapao woyudetig"ineto er doCUMCNE pubtMWCC O afte lth 6AT120 GSdt X. documnt of paricuiar relemoce: the chi6-ed inveiio cuwot be conired wye or canot be considered to invokve on ineav step .L documentl which may tgw doubca on priority claina(a) ov which i whon the docuentea is takem -km cited to comb4mb the publication date of mmket cim or at= OYb epecu moms (Wu .)ocif~ed) ~Y documnt of paslicuiar relevance. 6he Chikned lovets cannot be considered to involve an inervcv step when the documw w .0 documnt referring to an ornd dickmre. tum. cithibiion or oter comibied with one or mote ode, vjh documnts, guch comotson being obvious to a peron skilled i the ain .r documnt pubLisbd prior in the internatioal filing dale but W .e than doumn amihe of th eam Psaco family the pnonity dat claimed Date of the actual completion of the international search Date of mailing of the international search report 1i OCTOBER 1994 19 DEC 1994 Name and mailing address of the ISA/US Autho Commiuiaicr of Patents and Trademiarks Box PC1 cAO Woarmqin D.C. 20231 NMAO Facskiile No. (703) 305-3230 Televhone No. (703) 308-2510 Form PCTfl5A/210 (second shcet)(July 1992)* A USA, .2,765,289 (Fields et al) 02 October 1956. See Col.2, lines 1-13 3-11. A US,A 2,719,125 (Roberts) 27 September 1955. See Col. 2, lines 1-13 3-18. Form PCTIISAI21O (continualion of second 3hcct)(July 1992)*