AU638639B2 - Animal feed containing molasses, bentonite and zeolite - Google Patents
Animal feed containing molasses, bentonite and zeolite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU638639B2 AU638639B2 AU13732/92A AU1373292A AU638639B2 AU 638639 B2 AU638639 B2 AU 638639B2 AU 13732/92 A AU13732/92 A AU 13732/92A AU 1373292 A AU1373292 A AU 1373292A AU 638639 B2 AU638639 B2 AU 638639B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- molasses
- dunder
- meal
- animal feed
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 74
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims description 34
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 24
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004464 cereal grain Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 13
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000020518 Carthamus tinctorius Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000003255 Carthamus tinctorius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019772 Sunflower meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014698 Brassica juncea var multisecta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006618 Brassica rapa subsp oleifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000219745 Lupinus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000269319 Squalius cephalus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-LECHCGJUSA-N alpha-D-xylose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CO[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-LECHCGJUSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003487 xylose Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100028717 Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 3A Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000003217 Tetany Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019714 Triticale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000219873 Vicia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GAOZTHIDHYLHMS-KEOBGNEYSA-N monensin A Chemical compound C([C@@](O1)(C)[C@H]2CC[C@@](O2)(CC)[C@H]2[C@H](C[C@@H](O2)[C@@H]2[C@H](C[C@@H](C)[C@](O)(CO)O2)C)C)C[C@@]21C[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](C)C(O)=O)O2 GAOZTHIDHYLHMS-KEOBGNEYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- QVZZPLDJERFENQ-NKTUOASPSA-N bassianolide Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@@H]1N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC1=O QVZZPLDJERFENQ-NKTUOASPSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000357437 Mola Species 0.000 claims 1
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000010444 Acidosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004258 Ethoxyquin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010624 Medicago sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000678 Mycotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004100 Oxytetracycline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010039424 Salivary hypersecretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000021017 Weight Gain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000007950 acidosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026545 acidosis disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000077 angora Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021407 appetite control Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyquin Chemical compound N1C(C)(C)C=C(C)C2=CC(OCC)=CC=C21 DECIPOUIJURFOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093500 ethoxyquin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019285 ethoxyquin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009140 magnesium supplementation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000050 mohair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002636 mycotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000625 oxytetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-PXOLEDIWSA-N oxytetracycline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[C@](O)(C)[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@H]4[C@H](N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)[C@@]4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-PXOLEDIWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019366 oxytetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001836 promazine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JIVSXRLRGOICGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N promazine hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].C1=CC=C2N(CCCN(C)C)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 JIVSXRLRGOICGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N terramycin dehydrate Natural products C1=CC=C2C(O)(C)C3C(O)C4C(N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)C4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Description
OPI DATE 21/10/92 N AOJP DATE 26/11/92 (51) Inm ,,,aiuna ratent Classification 5 A23k 1/02, 1/175 APPLN ID 13732 92 0 PCT NUMBER PCT/AU92/0 01 04 AATION TREATY (PCT) (11) International Publication Number: A (43) International Publication Date: WO 92/16114 I October 1992 (01.10.92) (74) Agent: GRANT ADAMS COMPANY; 144 Edward (21) International Application Number: (22) International Filing Date: Priority data: PK 5042 12 March PL 0091 18 Decerr PCT/AU92/00104 10 March 1992 (10.03.92) 1991 (12.03.91) AU iber 1991 (18.12.91) AU (74) Agent: GRANT ADAMS COMPANY; 144 Edward Street, GPO Box 1413, Brisbane, QLD 4000 (AU).
(81) Designated States: AU, JP, KR, US.
Published With international search report.
With amended claims.
638639 (71) Applicants (for all designated States except US): KEMP, Heath, Susan [AU/AU]; Caslick Lane, Broadwater via Stanthorpe, QLD 4380 NOUGHER, Marjorie, Jean [AU/AU]; The Fall Road, Tenterden via Gyra, NSW 2365 (AU).
(71X72) Applicants and Inventors: KEMP, Philip, William [AU/ AU]; Caslick Lane, Broadwater via Stanthorpe, QLD 4380 NOUGHER, Thomas, Hall [AU/AU); The Fall Road, Tenterden via Gyra, NSW 2365 (AU).
(54) Title: ANIMAL FEED CONTAINING MOLASSES, BENTONITE AND ZEOLITE (57) Abstract An animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising molasses (or by-products thereof) mixed with sorptive materials, including bentonite and zeolite. Hydrated lime may be added as a source of calcium, to improve pellet quality, for moisture absorbency and for pH control. Cereal grains, trace elements, bypass proteins and other additives may be included in the mix to tailor the animal feed to the user's requirements.
WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 1 Title: ANIMAL FEED CONTAINING MOLASSES, BENTONITE AND ZEOLITE.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention THIS INVENTION relates to an animal feed. The animal feed may be fed directly to animals, preferably ruminants, in granular or solid block form; or may be mixed with feed supplements, trace elements, protein meals, cereals, hay and/or the like.
Prior Art For many years, the benefits of molasses in stock feeding have been well recognised. These include increased palatability, improved aroma, dust suppression, higher feed intake and extra energy.
However, with few exceptions, the practical limitations of molasses inclusion in diets have been difficult to surmount. The major exceptions have been the feed lot industry and selected feed mills with spray line equipment for molasses inclusion to a maximum of 3% by weight.
Recognising these advantages and disadvantages of handling the product, numerous attempts have been made to present the produ.ct in a free-flowing form.
These systems have been based on the following techniques: Microwave treatment of dehydrated molasses in a well-presented form this suffers from hygroscopic absorption and is a costly addition to normal feed rations; Molasses mixed with copra meal this is not suitable for mono-gastrics due to the high fibre percentage of the mixture; and Molasses blended with diatomite the silica level is disadvantageous to nutrition.
A solid animal feed supplement, comprising chiefly of molasses, whey, or a lignin sulfonate, in solid block form, is disclosed in AU-B-19119/76 (505607) (PACIFIC KENYON CORPORATION). This patent discloses a feed supplement where the carbohydrate content is present at a concentration of from 45-93% by weight, and one potential source of the carbohydrate is molasses.
The patent describes a supplement which requires the addition of solidifying ingredients (including a soluble phosphate or phosphoric acid) sufficient to solidify the supplement into solid block form. The method is not suitable for the production of animal feed in granular form.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an animal feed based on molasses (or molasses sourced products, or by-products) which is relatively easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
It is a preferred object to provide a feed which is highly palatable, does not take up atmospheric moisture, can be handled through normal conveying systems and can be bagged without lumps being formed.
It is a further preferred object to provide a feed which is suitable for bulk-bag filling or silo storage.
It is a further preferred object to provide a method of coating cereal grains.
Other preferred objects will become apparent from the following description.
In one aspect, the present invention resides in an animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising 30 Dunder alone or in combination with molasses (or byproducts thereof); at least one moisture absorbent including at least one of bentonite and/or zeolite; and, optionally, a chemical dehydrating agent.
Preferably, the bentonite and zeolite act as sorptive materials for the moisture in the Dunder and -molasses as the materials are mixed and bound together.
In the granular form, hydrated lime may be added to the ingredients as a source of calcium, to improve pellet quality, for moisture absorbency and for pH control.
Magnesium oxide, trace elements, sulphur, calcium, potassium, elementary phosphorus and bypass proteins, cereal grains (eg. wheat, barley, oats, rye, sorghum) and other additives may be added to the basic ingredients to enable the feed to be tailored to the end-user's requirements.
The molasses may be molasses obtained from a sugar mill (or be a by-product of molasses fermentation). The molasses can be any sugar-containing molasses such as cane or blackstrap molasses, beet molasses, converted molasses, wood sugar molasses, hydrosyrup, citrus molasses or the like.
Dunder is normally a mill-waste product with no commercial value. It may be obtained from the mills at little, if any, cost. It is a natural source of potassium and nitrogen and is available in the protein from yeast cells as a mineral fortification to organic fertilizers. (The feed may be mixed in soils as a nutrient therefor.) In a preferred embodiment, the properties of the ingredients, expressed in percent by weight, may be: Dunder/Dunder and molasses: 10-60% Bentonite: 10-80% Zeolite: 10-80% 'Chemical dehydrating agent: 0-30% If hydrated lime is added, it may be added in 30 the range of 0-15%, while magnesium oxide may be added in the range of 0-25% for the treatment of grass tetany.
Preferably, the bentonite, zeolite, hydrated lime, trace elements, and other additives are mixed dry in a mixture before the molasses is added and the moisture therein is absorbed by the bentonite and zeolite. The mixture is pumped out and may be allowed to cure. If hydrated lime is added to the mix, the curing time may be in the range of 6-8 hours.
Preferably, the curing time for the mix is 0-12 hours, dependent, inter alia, on the temperature, humidity, percentage of molasses, percentage of lime, and other factors. If the mixture is fed from the mixer in granular form, the granules are preferably spread out on a surface to dry.
In an alternative embodiment, bentonite, zeolite, cereal grain(s) and/or bypass proteins may be mixed together dry and passed through and extruded, and the extruded pelletized material is then mixed with molasses and hydrated lime in a mixer.
The bypass protein, ie. solvent extracted and extruded protein meals may be selected from, inter alia, meat meal, cottonseed meal, copra meal, linseed meal, fish meal, lupin meal, safflower meal, sunflower meal and/or the like.
Various trace nutrients, antibiotics, amino acids and vitamins can also be incorporated in the feed composition, including vitamins A, C and E, tocopherols, as well as antioxidants for these materials such as ethoxyquin 2-dihydro-6-ethoxy-2, 2, 4-trimethyl quinoline). Other additives that can also be included in the composition are promazine hydrochloride, chloromadionone acetate, oxytetracycline, etc. Rumensin can also be added; this is a drug used to control appetite and increase feed efficiency in ruminents.
S: Bloat inhibitors such as poloxaline can also be 30 employed. The quantity and concentration of these materials which can be employed is preferably in accordance with established custom and usage.
In a second aspect, the present invention resides in an animal feed, in granular or solid form, wherein Dunder alone or in combination with molasses (or by-products thereof) is WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 used in, or mixed with, a base material with sorptive properties and dehydrated.
The sorptive materials used in the dehydration process may include a heat treated or extruded material.
These materials are preferably heated to a temperature in the range of 90°C to 180°C and may or may not be effected under pressure. This process effectively alters the chemical structure of the materials for a beneficial effect on animal nutrition and may increase the sorptive properties of the materials.
The materials used in this process may include singularly or mixtures of wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, corn, triticale, rice, lupins, peas, beans, canola (rape), peanuts, cottonseed, sunflower, safflower, linseed, vetch and other grains and byproduct meals such as copra meal, palm kernel meal, meat meal, feather meal, fish meal, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, sunflower meal, canola meal, safflower meal and sunflower meal. The mixtures may contain other byproduct materials such as pollard, bran, millrun, cottonseed hulls, gin trash or sunflower hulls.
To these materials or mixtures (pre-heating) may also be added either singularly or mixtures of: Bentonite 0-50% Zeolite 0-50% Molasses (or Dunder) 0-50% Dolomite 0-50% Gypsum 0-50% Urea and other now protein nitrogen (NPN) sources (eg. sulphate of ammonia) 0-30% Diatomite 0-30% The resultant material (post heat treatment) may then be used directly in animal feed or may be used WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 6 as a sorptive material, either by itself or in conjunction with other sorptive materials (eg.
bentonite, zeolite and CaO/MgO) to which molasses or DundPz is then added.
Other products may also be used as sorptive materials, including gypsum, dolomite, and diatomite.
In a third aspect, the present invention resides in a method(s) of manufacture for an animal feed as hereinbefore described.
In fourth and fifth aspects, the present invention relates to a fertilizer having the constituents of the product of the first and second aspects; while in a sixth aspect, the present invention resides in a method of manufacture of a fertilizer in accordance with the methods described.
In a seventh aspect the present invention provides cereal grains or oil seeds coated by the method(s) hereinbefore described.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED
EMBODIMENTS
To enable the invention to be fully understood, a number of examples will now be described.
A. Molasses/bentonite/zeolite mixes FORMULA (percentage by weight) INGREDIENT EX1 EX2 EX3 EX4 Molasses 45 0 60 (Dunder) 0 30 0 0 Bentonite 25 20 10 Zeolite 20 30 10 Hydrated Lime 5 20 10 0 Magnesium Oxide 0 0 5 0 Trace Elements 1 0 0 0 Bypass proteins 4 0 5 All of the ingredients, with the exception of the molasses, are placed in a mixer in a dry state and WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 are mixed until evenly distributed. The molasses (or dunder) is then added to the mixer so that the moisture is absorbed by the bentonite, zeolite and/or hydrated lime.
When the mixture is completely mixed, it is discharged from the mixer in either granular or flowable solid form and is allowed to cure for 4-12 hours before it is bagged or conveyed for storage. The granular forn is preferably spread over a surface and the granules allowed to dry.
In an alternative embodiment, bentonite, zeolite, cereal grain(s) and/or bypass proteins may be mixed together dry and passed through and extruded, and the extruded pelletized material is then mixed with molasses and hydrated lime in a mixer. The granules or pellets now containing the molasses are discharged from the mixer and may be allowed to cure as hereinbefore described.
B. Molasses/soprtive base material mixes Grain Meal Urea Bentonite Zeolite Molasses (Dun) CaO/MgO *Base mat Diatomite Dolomite Gypsum BASE MATERIAL MIXTURES BMEX1 BMEX2 BMEX3 BMEX4 20 20 80 40 20 60 20 SDEX1 50 SECONDARY DEHYDRATION SDEX2 SDEX3 SDEX4 30 30 60 5 SDEX5 40 10 SDEX6 WO 92/16114 PCT/AU92/00104 8 Bentonite 5 10 Zeolite 5 5 Urea 10 5 Molasses 50 30 50 30 50 (Dun) CaO/MgO 5 10 By the addition of cereal grains or oil seeds to the mixes described above, the grains seeds may be coated to between 2-80% total mass of product by the methods described above.
The feed may be fed directly to the animals or be mixed with other feed supplements. When passed by the animals, it will become mixed with the soil as a source of nutrients and fertilizer therefor.
The advantages of bentonite, zeolite and the hydrated lime in the feed are as follows: Sodium bentonite: Elimination of acidosis; (ii) Prevention of scours; (iii) Increased salivation; (iv) Improved wool growth; Faster weight gains.
Zeolite: Ammonia retention; (ii) High cationic exchange; (iii) Reduced odour; (iv) Better feed efficiency.
Lime (or magnesium) based products: A source of calcium (or magnesium) in grain based diets; (ii) Moisture absorbency; (iii) pH control.
As stated above, the resultant product is highly palatable for animals, does not take up atmospheric moisture and is easily handled and fed.
WO 92/16114 PT/AU92/00104 9 Potential usage areas include: Magnesium supplementation of cattle for beef and dairy cattle in Australia and New Zealand, through free choice dry mixes, lucerne cube incorporation and lick blocks.
Phosphorus supplementation of cattle in northern Australia; Small feed mills without liquid molasses facilities; Dust suppression in opportunity cattle feed lot rations; Protein feeding to breeder cattle throughout Australia; On farm feed milling (pigs and poultry); Sheep feeding for fertility, lamb birth weights and myco-toxin absorption; Stock block manufacture; Angora and Mohair production; Urea fortified mix.
The embodiments described are by way of example only and various changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention defined in the appended claims.
Claims (33)
1. An animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising Dunder alone or in combination with molasses (or by-products thereof); at least one moisture absorbent including at least one of bentonite and/or zeolite; and, optionally, a chemical dehydrating agent.
2. A feed according to Claim 1 wherein: the molasses is any one or more of the following molasses from a sugar mill; a by-product of molasses fermentation; cane or blackstrap molasses; beet molasses; converted molasses; wood sugar molasses; hydrosyrup and citrus molasses.
3. A feed according to Claim 1 wherein: the chemical dehydrating agent is one or more of the following: calcium oxide, hydrated lime, magnesium oxide, calcium sulphate (gypsum) and diatomite.
4. A feed accordirg to any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein: the proportions of the mix are: Dunder/Dunder and molasses: 10-60% bentonite: 10-80% zeolite: 10-80% chemical dehydrating agent: 0-30%, all percentages express by weight.
A feed, according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, in granular form, further including hydrated lime in the range of 0-15% by weight as a source of calcium improved pellet quality, for moisture absorbency and for pH 30 control.
6. A feed according to Claim 5 and further including: magnesium oxide in the range of 0-25% by weight for the treatment of grass tetany.
7. A feed according to any one of Claims 1 to 6 and further including any one or more of the following Al as additives: trace elements; sulphur; calcium; potassium; elementary phosphorus; bypass proteins; and cereal grains.
8. A feed according to Claim 7 wherein: the bypass proteins includes any one or more of the following: meat meal; copra meal, linseed meal; fish meal; lupin meal; safflower meal; and sunflower meal.
9. A feed according to Claim 7 whereins the cereal grains includes any one of more of the following: wheat; barley; oats; rye and sorghum.
A feed according to any one of Claims 1 to 9 and further including any one of more of the following additives: trace nutrients; antibiotics; amino acids; vitamins; anti-oxidants; Rumensin and bloat inhibitors.
11. An animal feed, in granular form, comprising Dunder alone; cotton seed; bentonite and/or zeolite; and, optionally, a chemical dehydrating agent.
12. An animal feed, in solid form, comprising Dunder alone or in combination with molasses; cotton seed; bentonite and/or zeolite; and, optionally, a chemical dehydrating agent.
13. A method of manufacturing the animal feed as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 12 including the steps of: mixing all the ingredients, exclusive of the Dunder/Dunder and molasses, in a dry state until evenly distributed; adding the Dunder/Dunder and molasses to the mixture so that the moisture in the Dunder/Dunder and molasses is absorbed by the bentonite, zeolite and the chemical dehydrating agent; discharging the mixture from the mixer in either granular or flowable solid form; and r allowing the mixture granules or solids to cure for 4-12 hours.
14. A method according to Claim 12 wherein: the granular form of the mixture is spread over a surface and allowed to dry.
A method of manufacturing the animal feed as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 10, including the steps of: mixing all of the ingredients, exclusive of Dunder/Dunder and molasses and the chemical dehydrating agent, in a mixer in a dry state until evenly distributed; extruding the mixture into pellets; mixing the pellets with Dunder/Dunder and molasses and the chemical dehydrating agent in a mixer; discharging the pellets, now containing Dunder/Dunder and molasses, from the mixer; and allowing the pellets to cure for 4-12 hours.
16. An animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising Dunder alone or in combination with molasses (or by-products thereof) mixed with a base material with sorptive properties and at least one chemical S 25 dehydrating agent, the mixture being dehydrated.
17. An animal feed according to Claim 16 wherein: the molasses is any one or more of the following: molasses from a sugar mill; a by-product of mola'ses fermentation; cane or blackstrap molasses; beet 30 molasses; converted molasses; wood sugar molasses; hydrosyrup and citrus molasses.
18. An animal feed according to Claim 16 or Claim 17 wherein: the base material includes any one or more of the following: cereal grains; oil seeds; by-product meal; ~-A pollard; bran; millrun; gin trash and sunflower hulls.
19. An animal feed according to Claim 18 wherein: the cereal grains and oil seeds include: wheat; barley; rye; oats; sorghum; corn; triticale; rice; lupins; peas; beans; canola (rape); peanuts; sunflower; safflower; linseed; and vetch.
An animal feed according to Claim 18 wherein: the by-product meal includes: copra meal; palm kernel meal; meat meal; feather meal; fish meal; linseed meal; sunflower meal; canola meal; safflower meal and sunflower meal.
21. An animal feed according to any one of Claims 16 to 20 wherein to the mixture of Dunder/Dunder and molasses and base material, one or more of the following ingredients are added before dehydration: bentonite: 0-50% zeolite: 0-50% Dunder/Dunder and molasses: 0-50% dolomite: 0-50% gypsum: 0-50% urea: 0-30% sulphate ammonia: 0-30% diatomite: 0-30%, all percentages being expressed by weight. S 25
22. An animal feed according to any one of Claims 16 to 21 wherein: the proportion of Dunder/Dunder and molasses in the mixture is 10-60% by weight.
23. An animal feed according to any one of Claims 30 16 to 22 wherein: the dehydrated mixture is mixed with bentonite, zeolite, hydrated lime and/or magnesium oxide, to which Dunder/Dunder and molasses is added.
24. An animal feed, in granular or solid form, comprising Dunder alone or in combination with molasses, mixed with a base material with sorptive properties, the mixture being dehydrated.
A feed according to Claim 24, wherein the base material includes any one or more of the following: cereal grains; oil seeds; by-product meal; pollard; bran; millrun; gin trash and sunflower hulls.
26. A feed according to Claim 25 wherein: the oil seeds are cotton seed.
27. A method of manufacturing an animal feed as claimed in any one of Claims 16 to 26 including the steps of: mixing Dunder alone or in combination with molasses with a base material with sorptive properties in a mixer; and dehydrating the mixture at a temperature of 90-180°C.
28. A method according to Claim 27 wherein: the dehydration is carried out at above atmospheric pressure.
29. A method according to Claim 27 or Claim 28 wherein: after the dehydration step, the mixture is mixed with sorptive materials, to which further Dunder and/or molasses is then added.
A method of coating cereal grains or oil seeds wherein the method of Claim 13 is effected with cereal grains or oil seeds included in the mixture.
31. A method of coating cereal grains or oil seed wherein the method of Claim 15 is effected with cereal grains or oil seeds included in the mixture.
32. A method of coating cereal grains wherein the method of Claim 28 is effected with cereal grains or oil seeds included in the base material.
33. A fertilizer incorporating the animal feed as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 12 or 16 to 26. Lw Inter )nal Application No, PCT/AU 92/00104 INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT I. CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECT MATTER (if several classification symbols apply, indicate all 6 According to International Patent classification (IPC) or to both National Classification and IPC Int. Cl. 6 A23K 001/02; A23K 001/175 II. FIELDS SEARCHED Minimum Documentation Searched 7 Classification System Classification Symbols IPC A23K 001/02; A23K 001/175 Dgcumentation Searched other thin Minimum Documentation. to the Extent that such Documents are Included in the ieTdi Sdearched AU: IPC as above III. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT Category' Citation of Document, 11 with indication, where appropriate of the relevant passages 12 Relevant to Claim No 1 X AU, B, 36231/84 (548773) (DAVID JOHN KINGSTON 1 13 AND WILLIAM LEIGH WHATMORE) 2 January 1986 (02.01.86). X Derwent WIP/L Online Abstract Accession no. 87- 1 13 110783, HUTO 40897-A (HORVATH J) 30 March 1987 (30.03.87) X AU, A, 21621/88 (HENRY HERSCHEL BASS) 23 March 1989 13 (23.03.89). X AU, B, 77726/87 (581572) (HENRY HERSCHEL BASS) 13 March 1988 (10.03.88) (continued) S Special categories of cited documents to Later document published after the international filing date or priority date and not in conflict Document defining the general state of the art which is with the application but cited to understand the not considered to be of particular relevance principle or theory underlying the invention earlier document but published on or after the document of particular relevance; the claimed international filing date invention cannot be considered novel or cannot be document which may throw doubts on priority claim(s) considered to involve an inventive step or which is cited to establish the publication date of document of particular relevance; the claimed another citation or other special reason (as specified) invention cannot be considered to involve an document referring to an oral disclosure, use, inventive step when the document is combined exhibition or other means with one or more other such documents, such document published prior t the international filing date combination being obvious to a person skilled in but later than the priority date claimed the art document member of the same patent family IV. CERTIFICATION Date of the Actual Completion of the International Search Date of Mailing of this Internat;onal Search Report June 1992 17 June 1992 (17.06.92) International Searching Authority Signature of Authorize I AUSTRALIAN PATENT OFFICE J BODEGRAVENd~; Form PCTnPS/2ili..".d ~1.t iJaxwy 1935) lntorr %nal Application No. PCT/AU 92100104 Ill. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT (CONTINUED FROM THE SECOND SHEET) Category* Citation of Document, 11 with indication, whore appropriate of the relevant passages 12 Relevant to Claim No 13 X AU, El21997/83 (563082) 0IC! AUSTRALIA LIMITED) 14 June 1984 13 (14.06.84). X US, A, Re-31,804 (RALSON PURINA COMPANY) 15 January 1985 13 (15.01.85). X Patent Abstracts of Japan, C-208, Page 127, JP, A, 58- 13 190358 (MITSUI KINZOKU KOGYL 7 November 1983 (07.11.83). X AU, B, 19119n76 (505607) (PACIFIC KENYON CORPORATION) 13 4 May 1978 (04.05.78). X AU, B, 24132/56 (219427) (FRITZ GROSSMAN) 20 June 1957 13 (20.06.57). X FR, A, 2519236 (BRUNO BUTTURINI, SEBASTIANO LUCA 13 FRANCESCO PLODARI) 8 July 1983 (08.07,83). X FR, A, 2173666 (PECHINEY UGINE KUHLMANN) 12 October 13 1973 (12.10.73). X FR, A, 2040662 (JEAN VASSEUR) 22 January 1971 (22.01 .71) 13 X FR, A, 855626 (SVENSKA SOCKERFABRIKS AKTIEBOLAGET) 13 16 May 1940 (16.05.40). X DE, A, 727902 (POMOSIN-WERKE KOMM.-GES. FISCHER CO.) 13 october 1942 (15.10.42). X DE, A, 747234 (SVENSKA-SOCKERFABRIKS AKTIEBOLAGET) 13 27 January 1944 (27.01.44). L Form PCT,1PS/21 0/ (emsa sh..lI IUwwwy 1 $86 ANNEX TO THE INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION NO. PCT/AU 92/00104 This Annex lists the known publication level patent family members relating to the patent documents cited in the above-mentioned international search report. The Australian Patent Office is in no way liable for these particulars which are merely given for the purpose of information. Patent Document Cited in Search Patent Family Member Report US 4171386 ES 479331 FR 2421562 AU 77726/87 WO 9116138 AU 36231/8+ DK 2800/89 EP 346108 FI 892820 GB 8903927 HU 52517 IL 90567 JP 2032094 ZA 8904354 AU 21997/83 CA 1206368 GB 2131273 IE 54784 NZ 206384 AT 67290 DE 3864790 EP 312133 JP 1107012 US 4878835 ZA .8806674 AU 19119/76 JP 2077366 CA 1073259 GB 1555008 MX 4237 NZ 182455 US 4027043 ZA 7606271 DK 4500/83 EP 113394 FI 833612 GB 2128617 JP 59134764 NO 833633 US 4510132 ZA 8306977 US 4873101 EP 303428 JP 1070381 US 5041325 CA 1283384 DE 3680982 DK 4498/86 EP 218419 JP 62193982 US 4865854 FR 2519236 AT 4650/82 BE 895502 CH 653217 DE 3152120 ES 518700 ES 8402144 NL 8205050 FR 2173666 IT 977033 AT 550/73 AU 51354/73 BE 794477 CH 568022 DE 2303045 ES 410908 GB 1399176 NI. 7500835 PH 9852 ZA 7300291 FR 2197527 GB 1324673 BE 786810 CA 940682 DE 2148289 GB 1340234 IT 948198 US 3696805 AU 21621/88 FR 2040662 END OF ANNEX
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU13732/92A AU638639B2 (en) | 1991-03-12 | 1992-03-10 | Animal feed containing molasses, bentonite and zeolite |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPK5042 | 1991-03-12 | ||
| AU504291 | 1991-03-12 | ||
| AUPL0091 | 1991-12-18 | ||
| AUPK009191 | 1991-12-18 | ||
| AU13732/92A AU638639B2 (en) | 1991-03-12 | 1992-03-10 | Animal feed containing molasses, bentonite and zeolite |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU1373292A AU1373292A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| AU638639B2 true AU638639B2 (en) | 1993-07-01 |
Family
ID=27151589
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU13732/92A Ceased AU638639B2 (en) | 1991-03-12 | 1992-03-10 | Animal feed containing molasses, bentonite and zeolite |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU638639B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPR152700A0 (en) | 2000-11-15 | 2000-12-14 | Australian Dehydration Technologies Pty Ltd | Animal feed |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU548773B1 (en) * | 1984-12-03 | 1986-01-02 | David John Kingston | High montmorillonite content stock feed supplement |
| AU563082B2 (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1987-06-25 | Livestock Nutrition Technologies Pty Limited | Animal feed block composition |
-
1992
- 1992-03-10 AU AU13732/92A patent/AU638639B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU563082B2 (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1987-06-25 | Livestock Nutrition Technologies Pty Limited | Animal feed block composition |
| AU548773B1 (en) * | 1984-12-03 | 1986-01-02 | David John Kingston | High montmorillonite content stock feed supplement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU1373292A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
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