AU2017311190A1 - Roughing disc having a carrier layer - Google Patents
Roughing disc having a carrier layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2017311190A1 AU2017311190A1 AU2017311190A AU2017311190A AU2017311190A1 AU 2017311190 A1 AU2017311190 A1 AU 2017311190A1 AU 2017311190 A AU2017311190 A AU 2017311190A AU 2017311190 A AU2017311190 A AU 2017311190A AU 2017311190 A1 AU2017311190 A1 AU 2017311190A1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- roughing
- disc according
- roughing disc
- tool
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- -1 methylol groups Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/22—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by a multi-layered structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/02—Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member
- B24D3/002—Flexible supporting members, e.g. paper, woven, plastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
- B24D7/02—Wheels in one piece
- B24D7/04—Wheels in one piece with reinforcing means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a roughing disc for machining material surfaces, comprising a disc-like main body (3) with a tool side (13) that is able to face towards a tool and a workpiece side (12) that is able to face towards a workpiece, wherein the main body (3) comprises a central cutout (2), through which an axis of rotation (5) passes, for direct or indirect attachment of a drive shaft of the tool, a disc-like carrier layer (6) arranged on the tool side (13), at least one abrasive layer (8a, 8b) and a separating layer between adjacent layers. The carrier layer (6) is formed from a material mixture which is free of additives with an abrasive action and which comprises at least one mineral additive.
Description
Roughing disc having a backing layer
The invention relates to a roughing disc.
A roughing disc of this kind is known from the state of the art and is suitable for roughgrinding of material surfaces of various materials, i.e. for planar removal of material. It comprises a disc-shaped main body having a tool side, which can face a tool, and a workpiece side, which can face a workpiece. The main body comprises a central opening through which an axis of rotation passes and which serves for direct or indirect attachment of a drive shaft of a tool. The main body further comprises a disc-shaped backing layer disposed on the tool side, at least one abrasive layer, and a separating layer between adjacent layers.
Known roughing discs consist of multiple abrasive layers which comprise a mixture of phenolic resin and abrasive grains, wherein said mixture can be blended with various fillers and additives. It is also known for the layers to be separated from each other by separating layers, the abrasive layers and the separating layers being disposed alternately along the axis of rotation.
Also, roughing discs that have layers made of different materials are known. This allows precise adjustment to the application or to the grinding process through different abrasive mixtures in the various abrasive layers.
However, known roughing discs do not exhibit a satisfactory interconnection between adjacent layers made of different materials and the inserted glass fabric layers. Moreover, known roughing discs lack strength and/or rigidity.
The object of the invention is to provide a roughing disc of the kind mentioned above which is characterized by an improved structure and which exhibits, in particular, improved interconnection between adjacent layers made of different materials and improved strength and/or rigidity.
According to the invention, this object is attained by the roughing disc having the features of claim 1.
The roughing disc according to the invention comprises a disc-shaped main body having a tool side, which can face a tool, and a workpiece side, which can face a workpiece. The main body comprises a central opening through which an axis of rotation passes and which serves for direct or indirect attachment of a drive shaft of the tool, a disc-shaped backing layer disposed on the tool side, at least one abrasive layer, and a separating layer between adjacent layers. As used here, the term adjacent layers refers to adjacent abrasive layers in an assembly of multiple abrasive layers and to an abrasive layer and a backing layer adjacent thereto. The roughing disc according to the invention is in particular characterized in that the backing layer is made of a material mixture that is free of abrasive additives and that comprises at least one mineral additive.
This ensures good interconnection between the backing layer, which does not comprise any abrasive additives, and the abrasive layer, which does comprise abrasive additives. Moreover, good interconnection with the glass fabric and appropriate strength and/or rigidity can be ensured. The advantages of the roughing disc according to the invention are achieved in particular by the backing layer being free of abrasive additives and having a purely supporting function. Mineral additives are particularly suitable to achieve said function.
In a preferred embodiment of the roughing disc according to the invention, the mineral additive can be basalt, quartz sand, wollastonite, aluminum silicate and/or kaolin. The mixture of the at least one backing layer can also comprise different additives from this group.
In another preferred embodiment of the roughing disc according to the invention, the mineral additive can have a Mohs hardness of at least 2, preferably between 7 and 9.
This in particular allows ensuring high strength of the roughing disc the higher the hardness of the additive is.
In another preferred embodiment of the roughing disc according to the invention, the mineral additive has a grain size of 30 to 1000 pm, preferably 200 to 500 pm.
In another preferred embodiment of the roughing disc according to the invention, the grain of the mineral additive is covered in phenolic resin systems comprising a resol/novolak mixture. Resols are meltable soluble phenolic plastics that contain reactive methylol groups and are obtained when phenols are condensed with formaldehyde under basic conditions. The benzene rings are connected via methylene groups and via ether bridges. Novolaks are phenolic resins having a formaldehyde/phenol ratio of less than 1:1 and are obtained by acidic condensation of the educts.
In another preferred embodiment of the roughing disc according to the invention, the resol has a viscosity of 1000 to 5000 mPa-s, preferably 1200 to 3500 mPa-s.
In another preferred embodiment of the roughing disc according to the invention, the 15 novolak has a hexamethylenetetramine content of at least 9 vol%, preferably 12 to vol%, and a flow length of 15 to 35 mm, preferably 17 to 26 mm. Moreover, the novolak can be modified novolak.
In another preferred embodiment of the roughing disc according to the invention, additional defined amounts of other additives and/or aggregates of less than 20 vol% can be added to the novolak.
Other advantages and advantageous embodiments of the subject-matter of the invention are apparent from the description, the drawing, and the claims.
An embodiment of a roughing disc according to the invention is illustrated in a schematically simplified manner in the drawing and will be explained in more detail in the following description.
The single figure of the drawing shows a section through a roughing disc according to the invention.
Roughing disc 1 illustrated in the drawing has a disc-shaped main body 3 having a layered structure and an outer radius a. Main body 3 has a tool side 13, which can face a tool, and a workpiece side 12, which can face a workpiece. Main body 3 comprises a central opening 2 through which an axis of rotation 5 passes. Axis of rotation 5 is located in the center of rotation of roughing disc 1. An insert 4 for attaching roughing disc 1 to a drive shaft of a tool is disposed in opening 2. A backing layer 6 is disposed at tool side 13 of roughing disc 1, which faces the tool.
Backing layer 6 comprises a mixture that is free of abrasive additives and that comprises at lest one mineral additive. The mineral additive can be basalt, quartz sand, wollastonite, aluminum silicate and/or kaolin. The mixture of the at least one backing layer can also comprise different additives from this group. Moreover, the additive can have a Mohs hardness of at least 2, preferably between 7 and 9. The grain size of the additive can be between 30 and 1000 pm, preferably between 200 to 500 pm. The grains of the additive can be covered in phenolic resin systems, wherein the phenolic resin system can comprise a resol/novolak mixture. The resol can have a viscosity of 1000 to 5000 mPa-s, preferably 1200 to 3500 mPa-s. The novolak can have a hexamethylenetetramine content of at least 9 vol%, preferably 12 to 16 vol%, and a flow length of 15 to 35 mm, preferably 17 to 26 mm. Additionally, the novolak can comprise additional defined amounts of other additives and/or aggregates of less than 20 vol%. Thus, backing layer 6 has high strength. It can also comprise a mesh-like inlay in order to further increase the stability of roughing disc 1.
Moreover, roughing disc 1 has two abrasive layers 8a, 8b which are stacked in the direction of axis 5 and which are disposed on workpiece side 12. Abrasive layers 8a, 8b can comprise abrasive grains, such as regular brown fused alumina and derivatives, blue fired alumina, white fused alumina, zirconia alumina, silicon carbide, ceramic grain, pink fused alumina, and/or monocrystalline alumina. Additionally, the abrasive layers can comprise supporting fillers, such as poly aluminum fluoride, cryolite, pyrite, calcite, wollastonite, and/or graphite, which can be bound by phenolic resin systems. Thus, a phenolic-resin abrasive grain mixture is formed, which can be blended with various fillers and additives.
A separating layer, which is a glass fabric layer 10, is disposed between the two abrasive layers 8a, 8b. Another glass fabric layer 10 is disposed between backing layer 6 and abrasive layer 8a adjacent to backing layer 6. Glass fabric layers 10 act as separating layers and serve the strength of roughing disc 1. Glass fabric layers 10 extend from an outer edge 15 of roughing disc 1 to central opening 2 and surround central opening 2 annularly.
To ensure optimal connection to a tool, central opening 2 is realized as a recessed hub.
Claims (9)
1. A roughing disc for machining material surfaces, comprising a disc-shaped main body (3) having a tool side (13), which can face a tool, and a workpiece side (12), which can face a workpiece, the main body (3) comprising a central opening (2) through which an axis of rotation (5) passes and which serves for direct or indirect attachment of a drive shaft of the tool, a disc-shaped backing layer (6) disposed on the tool side (13), at least one abrasive layer (8a, 8b), and a separating layer between adjacent layers, characterized in that the backing layer (6) is made of a material mixture that is free of abrasive additives and that comprises at least one mineral additive.
2. The roughing disc according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral additive is basalt, quartz sand, wollastonite, aluminum silicate and/or kaolin.
3. The roughing disc according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mineral additive has a Mohs hardness of at least 2, preferably between 7 and 9.
4. The roughing disc according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mineral additive has a grain size of 30 to 1000 pm, preferably 200 to 500 pm.
5 defined amounts of other additives and/or aggregates of less than 20 vol% are additionally added to the novolak.
5. The roughing disc according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the grain of the mineral additive is covered in phenolic resin systems comprising a resol/novolak mixture.
6. The roughing disc according to claim 5, characterized in that the resol has a viscosity of 1000 to 5000 mPa· s, preferably 1200 to 3500 mPa· s.
7. The roughing disc according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the novolak has a hexamethylenetetramine content of at least 9 vol%, preferably 12 to 16 vol%, and a flow length of 15 to 35 mm, preferably 17 to 26 mm.
8. The roughing disc according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that
9. The roughing disc according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the separating layer is a glass fabric layer (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016114851.2 | 2016-08-10 | ||
| DE102016114851 | 2016-08-10 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/063090 WO2018028849A1 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2017-05-31 | Roughing disc having a carrier layer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2017311190A1 true AU2017311190A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
Family
ID=59227693
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2017311190A Abandoned AU2017311190A1 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2017-05-31 | Roughing disc having a carrier layer |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210323113A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3496897A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2019524464A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20190035767A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109890562B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2017311190A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112019002336A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3033406A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2766921C2 (en) |
| SG (2) | SG10202101268QA (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018028849A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201900649B (en) |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62199363A (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-09-03 | Daiwa Kasei Kogyo Kk | Offset type resilient grindstone |
| AT386781B (en) * | 1986-07-24 | 1988-10-10 | Swarovski Tyrolit Schleif | GRINDING DISC |
| US5273558A (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1993-12-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Abrasive composition and articles incorporating same |
| US5571317A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1996-11-05 | Western Atlas Inc. | Fiber-reinforced magnesium oxychloride bond |
| DE9412557U1 (en) * | 1994-08-04 | 1994-11-10 | Falk, Klaus-R., 48163 Münster | Grinding wheel |
| US5582625A (en) * | 1995-06-01 | 1996-12-10 | Norton Company | Curl-resistant coated abrasives |
| US6465076B2 (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2002-10-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Abrasive article with seamless backing |
| KR100465649B1 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2005-01-13 | 한국포리올 주식회사 | Integral polishing pad and manufacturing method thereof |
| FR2898070B1 (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2009-01-09 | Saint Gobain Abrasifs Tech | FINE BEARING WHEEL, USE THEREOF, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| US8038750B2 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2011-10-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Structured abrasive with overlayer, and method of making and using the same |
| BR112013017967A2 (en) * | 2011-01-22 | 2020-10-27 | Rud. Starcke Gmbh & Co. Kg | abrasive body |
| JP5858576B2 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2016-02-10 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Hot melt adhesive sheet for laminated polishing pad and support layer with adhesive layer for laminated polishing pad |
| JP5893479B2 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2016-03-23 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Laminated polishing pad |
| EP2797714B1 (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2019-04-03 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Abrasive article having a non-uniform distribution of openings |
| JP2016501735A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2016-01-21 | サンーゴバン アブレイシブズ，インコーポレイティド | Bonded abrasive article and grinding method |
| WO2014210440A1 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-12-31 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Abrasive article |
-
2017
- 2017-05-31 CN CN201780062668.0A patent/CN109890562B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-05-31 BR BR112019002336A patent/BR112019002336A2/en active Search and Examination
- 2017-05-31 KR KR1020197005123A patent/KR20190035767A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-05-31 WO PCT/EP2017/063090 patent/WO2018028849A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2017-05-31 EP EP17733362.2A patent/EP3496897A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-05-31 CA CA3033406A patent/CA3033406A1/en active Pending
- 2017-05-31 SG SG10202101268QA patent/SG10202101268QA/en unknown
- 2017-05-31 US US16/323,375 patent/US20210323113A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-05-31 RU RU2019106513A patent/RU2766921C2/en active
- 2017-05-31 JP JP2019506661A patent/JP2019524464A/en active Pending
- 2017-05-31 AU AU2017311190A patent/AU2017311190A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-05-31 SG SG11201901044QA patent/SG11201901044QA/en unknown
-
2019
- 2019-01-30 ZA ZA2019/00649A patent/ZA201900649B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109890562B (en) | 2021-09-28 |
| RU2019106513A (en) | 2020-09-17 |
| JP2019524464A (en) | 2019-09-05 |
| RU2766921C2 (en) | 2022-03-16 |
| WO2018028849A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
| CN109890562A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
| SG10202101268QA (en) | 2021-03-30 |
| BR112019002336A2 (en) | 2019-06-18 |
| RU2019106513A3 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
| SG11201901044QA (en) | 2019-03-28 |
| US20210323113A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
| EP3496897A1 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
| ZA201900649B (en) | 2020-06-24 |
| KR20190035767A (en) | 2019-04-03 |
| CA3033406A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK5 | Application lapsed section 142(2)(e) - patent request and compl. specification not accepted |