AU2017380643A1 - Fastening device - Google Patents
Fastening device Download PDFInfo
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- AU2017380643A1 AU2017380643A1 AU2017380643A AU2017380643A AU2017380643A1 AU 2017380643 A1 AU2017380643 A1 AU 2017380643A1 AU 2017380643 A AU2017380643 A AU 2017380643A AU 2017380643 A AU2017380643 A AU 2017380643A AU 2017380643 A1 AU2017380643 A1 AU 2017380643A1
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- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- fastening device
- fastening
- adhesive surface
- fastening element
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B47/00—Suction cups for attaching purposes; Equivalent means using adhesives
- F16B47/003—Suction cups for attaching purposes; Equivalent means using adhesives using adhesives for attaching purposes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
A fastening device (6) for the military sector for fastening to a surface (5), comprising: a fastening element (7) which has a receiving portion (11) for a fastening means (BM); a first adhesive surface (15) which is provided on the fastening element (7) and has a first adhesive (19); and a second adhesive surface (16) which is separated from the first adhesive surface (15), is provided on the fastening element (7) and has a second adhesive (20), wherein the first adhesive (19) has a greater extensibility than the second adhesive (20).
Description
FASTENING DEVICE
The present invention relates to a fastening device for the military sector.
In armored vehicles, it may be necessary to fasten retrofit kit items such as personal equipment or the like to a wall of a cabin or a hull of the armored vehicle. For this purpose, fastening points in the form of welded-on bent sheet metal parts or welded-on threaded bosses may be provided. Any number of fastening points may be provided, depending on the equipment in the armored vehicle.
Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved fastening device for the military sector.
Accordingly, a fastening device for the military sector for fastening to a surface is suggested. The fastening device comprises a fastening element which comprises a receiving portion for a fastening means, a first adhesive surface which is provided on the fastening element and comprises a first adhesive, and a second adhesive surface which is separated from the first adhesive surface and provided on the fastening element, which second adhesive surface comprises a second adhesive, wherein the first adhesive has a greater stretchability than the second adhesive.
As the fastening device is not welded to the surface but is adhesively bonded to it, a weld spot induced weakening of the wall associated with the surface is prevented. Thus, crack formation in the wall due to welds may be prevented. Furthermore, providing the fastening device retrospectively is possible with less effort as compared to a welding solution. Thus, the fastening device is particularly suitable for retrofitting. However, the fastening device may also be used as original equipment.
By providing two different adhesives, the one adhesive, in particular the second adhesive, is operable to transfer quasi-static and dynamic loads, and the other adhesive, in particular the first adhesive, is operable to absorb a highly dynamic load, in particular a non-recurring highly dynamic load such as with a blasting impact on a vehicle having such a fastening device or in the event of a crash of the vehicle. The second adhesive preferably fails during the highly dynamic load, so that after the highly dynamic load the fixation of the fastening device to the surface is only ensured by means of the first adhesive. The first adhesive, which is resilient compared to the second adhesive, is greatly stretched during the highly dynamic load; however, it does not fail. This means that the two adhesives fulfill their function independently of each other. After the highly dynamic load, the fastening device is preferably replaced or rebonded.
The term stretchability here means the characteristic of the adhesives to change their shape under force. Stretchability indicates how much the respective adhesive may be stretched relative to a respective adhesive layer thickness associated with the respective adhesive without falling, i. e. rupturing or tearing. A fastening arrangement may comprise the fastening device and the surface. The surface is preferably the surface of a wall of a vehicle cabin of an armored vehicle or a vehicle hull. Die fastening device may also be referred to as military fastening device.
The first adhesive surface being separated from the second adhesive surface means that the first adhesive preferably does not come into contact with the second adhesive. For this purpose, a web portion or an air gap, for example, may be provided between the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface.
The fastening element may, for example, be made from an aluminum alloy or from a steel alloy, for example stainless steel. The fastening element is preferably cylindrical with a circular cross-sectional geometry. However, the fastening element may also be oval, triangular, rectangular, square, polygonal, L-shaped or the like in cross section. This means that the fastening element may have any geometry in the cross-section. This allows the fastening device to be adapted to any application.
Compared to the first adhesive and the second adhesive, the fastening element is very stiff, so that when a force is applied to the fastening element, the two adhesives are not subjected to a linear or punctiform load, but to a surface load. This prevents a local overload of the adhesives, which can be a starting point of cracks. This may be achieved by the fastening element having a large thickness as compared to the adhesive layer thicknesses of the adhesives.
The fastening element may also comprise a third adhesive differing from the first adhesive and the second adhesive, which is adapted to secure the fastening element to the surface until the first adhesive and/or the second adhesive are cured or have set. The third adhesive may be a fast-setting adhesive such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive or cyanoacrylate. A third adhesive surface for the third adhesive may be provided on the fastening element. The third adhesive may also be provided on a fixing frame that is separable from the fastening element. The fixing frame may, for example, be of a circular configuration, and may be operable to be pushed over the fastening element for assembly.
The receiving portion may be a threaded boring provided in the fastening element into which the fastening means may be screwed. The fastening means may be a threaded bolt or a screw. Alternatively, the receiving portion may be a bolt, for example with threading, protruding from the fastening element. The fastening means may then be a nut, for example.
According to one embodiment, the first adhesive comprises a first adhesive layer thickness and the second adhesive comprises a second adhesive layer thickness which is smaller than, larger than or equal to the first adhesive layer thickness.
The first adhesive layer thickness is preferably larger than the second adhesive layer thickness. The adhesive layer thicknesses may, for example, each be 1 to 3 millimeters. The adhesive layer thicknesses may, for example, be adjusted by wafers adapted to be placed on and adhered to the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface. The differing stretchability of the two adhesives may also be adjusted by different adhesive layer thicknesses. This means that the first adhesive may be chemically identical to the second adhesive. The different stretchability is then adjusted via the different adhesive layer thicknesses. Preferably, however, the first adhesive and the second adhesive are chemically different from each other.
According to another embodiment, the first adhesive is stretchable by up to 50%, preferably by up to 60%, more preferably by up to 70%, more preferably by up to 80%, more preferably by up to 90%, more preferably by up to 100% of the first adhesive layer thickness.
This means that the first adhesive only fails after it is stretched by up to 50% to 100% of the first adhesive layer thickness. Furthermore, the first adhesive may also only fail when stretched by more than 100% of the first adhesive layer thickness, for example, by 150%, 200% or 300% of the first adhesive layer thickness. Thus, particularly high strain rates of 103 s'1 are achievable without the first adhesive failing.
According to another embodiment, the second adhesive is stretchable by up to 10%, preferably by up to 8%, more preferably by up to 6%, more preferably by up to 4%, more preferably by up to 2% of the second adhesive layer thickness.
The second adhesive may also be stretchable by more than 10% or by less than 2% of the second adhesive layer thickness. However, it is important here that the two adhesives have differing stretchability. In particular, the first adhesive may have a higher stretchability than the second adhesive. Conversely, it is also possible for the second adhesive to have a higher stretchability than the first adhesive.
According to another embodiment, the first adhesive is a polyurethane and the second adhesive is an epoxy resin.
Preferably, both the first adhesive and the second adhesive are multi-component adhesives which are mixed prior to application to the fastening element. The differing stretchability of the first adhesive and the second adhesive may also be achieved, for example, by using a multi-component system to produce adhesives with differing stretchability by means of different mixing ratios.
According to another embodiment, the first adhesive surface and/or the second adhesive surface are constructed mirror-symmetrically to a first plane of symmetry and/or to a second plane of symmetry of the fastening element.
The first plane of symmetry is preferably arranged perpendicular to the second plane of symmetry. An intersection of the first plane of symmetry and the second plane of symmetry forms a center axis or axis of symmetry of the fastening element. In particular, the first adhesive surface and/or the second adhesive surface are constructed point-symmetrically.
According to another embodiment, the first adhesive surface is at least sectionally arranged within the second adhesive surface.
The second adhesive surface preferably completely extends around the first adhesive surface such that the first adhesive surface is disposed completely within the second adhesive surface. Alternatively, the first adhesive surface may also at least partially not be enclosed by the second adhesive surface such that the first adhesive surface passes through the second adhesive surface.
According to another embodiment, the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface are spirally intertwined.
A spirally wound web portion of the fastening element or a spirally wound air gap may be provided between the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface.
According to another embodiment, the first adhesive surface is separated from the second adhesive surface by means of a web portion.
The web portion may be materially integrally formed with the fastening element. The web portion may alternatively also be a component that is separate from the fastening element, which may in particular also be formed from a different material then the fastening element. The web portion may, for example, be formed from a resiliently deformable material. This allows for a particularly good seal to be achieved between the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface. The web portion may, for example, be adhesively bonded to the fastening element or otherwise releasably or non-releasably connected to the fastening element.
According to another embodiment, the web portion comprises an end face contacting the surface for adjusting a first adhesive layer thickness of the first adhesive and/or a second adhesive layer thickness of the second adhesive.
The first adhesive layer thickness is in particular defined as a distance from the end face of the web portion to the first adhesive surface. The second adhesive layer thickness is in particular defined as a distance from the end face of the web portion to the second adhesive surface. The first adhesive layer thickness and the second adhesive layer thickness may be adjusted by the height of the web portion, or the depth of the first adhesive surface with respect to the end face of the web portion and the depth of the second adhesive surface relative to the end face of the web portion. Furthermore, an optional sealing device, for example an Ciring, may be provided at the end face of the web portion for sealing the first adhesive surface from the second adhesive surface. Also, the previously mentioned third adhesive may be provided at the end face, by means of which the fastening element is operable to be secured to the surface until the first adhesive and/or the second adhesive are cured. The third adhesive may, for example, be a pressuresensitive adhesive protected by a protective film or a cyanoacrylate.
According to another embodiment, at least one channel passing from the first adhesive surface through the second adhesive surface or passing by it is provided.
The channel allows the first adhesive to emerge when placing the fastening device on the surface. This allows for carrying out a visual quality control, because, when the first adhesive emerges from the channel, it is ensured that the first adhesive surface and a corresponding part of the surface of the wall are fully wetted by the first adhesive. Any number of channels may be provided. Preferably, the channels are arranged mirror-symmetrical to the first plane of symmetry and/or the second plane of symmetry.
According to another embodiment, the at least one channel comprises side walls arranged such that the at least one channel narrows toward an axis of symmetry of the fastening element.
Conversely, the at least one channel widens from the axis of symmetry to the outside. The side walls may be part of the web portion. The side walls may also be arranged parallel to each other or may be arcuately curved.
According to another embodiment, the at least one channel joins a boring of the receiving portion.
In particular, the at least one channel joins an runout of the boring. Thereby extending the channel through the second adhesive surface may be dispensed with. Thus, both the first adhesive surface and the second adhesive surface may be constructed mirror-symmetrically to both the first plane of symmetry and to the second plane of symmetry. This allows for a particularly good force distribution to be achieved when operating the fastening device. The at least one channel may also comprise a first boring extending in the direction of the boring of the receiving portion and a second boring arranged perpendicular to the first boring and passing by the second adhesive surface. Thereby the contamination of the receiving portion with the first adhesive may be prevented.
According to another embodiment, the first adhesive surface is divided into a plurality of separated first surface portions and the second adhesive surface is divided into a plurality of separated second surface portions, wherein the first surface portions and the second surface portions are arranged in a row or matrix pattern.
The first surface portions and the second surface portions are each separated by web portions or air gaps. The first surface portions and the second surface portions being arranged in a row pattern means that always a second surface portion is arranged between two first surface portions and vice versa. The first surface portions and the second surface portions being arranged in a matrix pattern means that the first surface portions and the second surface portions are not only arranged in a row pattern, but also in a column pattern. This results in a checkered distribution of the first surface portions and the second surface portions.
According to another embodiment, the fastening element comprises a first fastening portion, which comprises the first adhesive surface comprising the first adhesive, and a second fastening portion separated from the first fastening portion, which comprises the second adhesive surface comprising the second adhesive.
The first fastening portion and the second fastening portion are preferably embodied as separate components. The first fastening portion and the second fastening portion may have a common receiving portion for the fastening means.
Other possible implementations of the fastening device also comprise combinations of features or embodiments that are not explicitly mentioned above or described below in the context of the exemplary embodiments. The person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the fastening device.
Further advantageous designs and aspects of the fastening device are subject of the dependent claims as well as the exemplary embodiments of the fastening device described below. Furthermore, the fastening device is explained in more detail on the basis of preferred embodiments with reference to the enclosed figures.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of an armored vehicle)
Fig. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1)
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the fastening device of Fig. 2)
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1)
Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1)
Fig. 6 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1)
Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1)
Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1)
Fig. 9 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1)
Fig. 10 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1)
Fig. 11 shows a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of a fastening device for the armored vehicle of Fig. 1;
Fig. 12 shows a schematic view of the fastening device of Fig. 11;
Fig. 13 shows a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of a fastening device;
Fig. 14 shows a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of a fastening device; and
Fig. 15 shows a schematic view of the fastening device of Fig. 11.
In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements have been provided with the same reference numbers, unless otherwise indicated.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of an armored vehicle 1. The vehicle 1 may be a military vehicle. The vehicle 1 may be a land vehicle, in particular a wheeled vehicle or a tracked vehicle. The vehicle 1 may further be a rolling stock, a watercraft or an aircraft. The vehicle 1 comprises a cabin 2, which encloses an internal volume I of the vehicle 1 and separates said internal volume I from the surrounding area U of the vehicle 1.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a fastening arrangement 3 for the vehicle 1. By using the fastening arrangement 3 retrofit kit items, for example, or the like are operable to be fastened in the internal volume I of the cabin 2 to a wall 4 of the vehicle 1. The fastening arrangement 3 may comprise the wall 4. The wall 4 may, for example, be part of the cabin 2 or part of a hull of the vehicle 1. The wall 4 has a surface 5 facing the internal volume I. However, the surface 5 may also face away from the internal volume I and face the surrounding area U of the vehicle 1. This means that the fastening arrangement 3 may also be provided on the outside of the vehicle 1.
The fastening arrangement 3 further comprises a fastening device 6. The fastening device 6 may be referred to as boss, in particular as threaded boss. The fastening device 6 has a fastening element 7. The fastening element 7 is preferably embodied rotationally symmetrical to a center axis or axis of symmetry M7. The fastening element 7 may have a cylindrical geometry with a circular cross section. The fastening element 7 has back side 8 facing away from the surface 5 and a circumferential cylindrical outer surface 9. The outer surface 9 transitions via a circumferential bevel 10 into the back side 8.
The fastening element 7 is, for example, made from an aluminum or a steel alloy, in particular from stainless steel. Alternatively, the fastening element 7 may also be made from a plastic material. The fastening element 7 has, for example, a thickness d7 and a diameter D7. The thickness d7 is, for example, one-third of the diameter D7.
The fastening element 7 further comprises a receiving portion 11 for a fastening means BM. The fastening means BM may, for example, be a threaded bolt or a screw. The receiving portion 11 comprises a boring 12 having a conical runout 13, said boring 12 preferably being arranged rotationally symmetrical to the axis of symmetry M7. A thread 14 is provided in the boring 12, in particular an internal thread. Alternatively, the receiving portion 11 may also be embodied as a bolt projecting from of the fastening element 7.
Facing the surface 5, the fastening element 7 comprises a first adhesive surface 15 and also a second adhesive surface 16 separated from the first adhesive surface 15. The first adhesive surface 15 is preferably smaller than the second adhesive surface 16. Conversely, the second adhesive surface 16 maybe smaller than the first adhesive surface 15 or the two adhesive surfaces 15, 16 are of the same size. The adhesive surfaces 15, 16 may be separated by means of an air gap.
Alternatively, the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 may be separated by means of a web portion 17, as shown in Fig. 2. The web portion 17 is preferably materially integrally formed with the fastening element 7. This means that the fastening element 7 and the web portion 17 form one component. Alternatively, the receiving portion 17 may also be a component that is separate from the fastening element 7. The web portion 17 may then, for example, be made of a different material then the fastening element 7. In this case, the web portion 17 may in particular be formed from a resiliently deformable material. The web portion 17 is then operable to fulfill a sealing function.
An end face 18 of the web portion 17 is arranged spaced apart from the first adhesive surface 15 by an adhesive layer thickness al5. Furthermore, the second adhesive surface 16 is arranged spaced apart from the end face 18 by an adhesive layer thickness al6. The web portion 17 thus may be operable to define the adhesive layer thicknesses al5, al6. The adhesive layer thicknesses al5, al6 may be of the same size or of different sizes, as shown in Fig. 2. For example, the first adhesive layer thickness al5 is larger than the second adhesive layer thickness al6. Conversely, the second adhesive layer thickness al6 may as well be larger than the first adhesive layer thickness al5. The adhesive layer thicknesses al5, al6 may, for example, be adjusted by wafers placed on the adhesive surfaces 15, 16. Alternatively, the adhesive layer thicknesses al5, al6 may be adjusted by machining the fastening element 7.
A first adhesive 19 is provided at the first adhesive surface 15 for connecting the fastening element 7 to the surface 5. The second adhesive surface 16 is associated with a second adhesive 20. Conversely, the first adhesive 19 may as well be associated with the second adhesive surface 16 and the second adhesive 20 with the first adhesive surface 15. The adhesives 19, 20 maybe chemically different from each other or chemically identical and only differ in their adhesive layer thicknesses al5, al6. Preferably, however, the two adhesives 19, 20 are chemically different from each other. In particular, the first adhesive 19 has a higher stretchability than the second adhesive 20. Conversely, it is also possible for the second adhesive 20 to have a higher stretchability than the first adhesive 19. For example, the first adhesive 19 is a polyurethane (PU) and the second adhesive 20 is an epoxy. In particular, both adhesives 19, 20 are multi-component adhesives.
The term stretchability means the characteristic of the adhesives 19, 20 to change their shape under force. Stretchability indicates how much the respective adhesive 19, 20 maybe elongated relative to its respective adhesive layer thickness al5, al6 without falling, i. e. rupturing or tearing. The first adhesive 19 is stretchable by up to 50%, preferably by up to 60%, more preferably by up to 70%, more preferably by up to 80%, more preferably by up to 90%, more preferably by up to 100% of the first adhesive layer thickness al5, before it fails, i. e., until the first adhesive 19 ruptures or tears. Furthermore, the first adhesive 19 may also only fail when stretched by more than 100% of the first adhesive layer thickness al5, for example, by 150%, 200% or 300% of the first adhesive layer thickness al5. Thus, particularly high strain rates of 103 s'1 may be achieved.
In comparison, the second adhesive 20 is only stretchable by up to 10%, preferably by up to 8%, more preferably by up to 6%, more preferably by up to 4%, more preferably by up to 2% of the second adhesive layer thickness al6. However, the second adhesive 20 may also be stretchable by more than 10% or by less than 2% of the second adhesive layer thickness al6 before it fails.
Fig. 3 shows a view of the fastening device 6 in the viewing direction III of Fig. 2. The adhesives 19, 20 are not shown in Fig. 3. In Fig. 3, the first adhesive surface 15 is represented hatched and the second adhesive surface 16 is represented not hatched. As shown by Fig. 3, the first adhesive surface 15 is at least sectionally enclosed by the second adhesive surface 16. The web portion 17 is preferably circularly shaped and comprises a channel 21 passing through the second adhesive surface 16. The channel 21 has two side walls 22, 23, which are preferably inclined such that the channel 21 narrows toward an axis of symmetry M7. The side walls 22, 23 are part of the web portion 17. The side walls 22, 23 may also extent parallel to each other. The channel 21 may arbitrarily oriented to a direction of gravity g. This means that in the orientation of Fig. 3, the channel 21 may point upward, downward or sideways.
Preferably, both the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 are formed symmetrically, in particular mirror-symmetrically, to a first plane of symmetry El. Deviating from the illustration in Fig. 3, the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 may also be formed symmetrically, in particular mirror-symmetrically, to a second plane of symmetry E2. The second plane of symmetry E2 is arranged perpendicular to the first plane of symmetry El. The axis of symmetry M7 forms an intersection of the two planes of symmetry El, E2.
The functionality of the fastening device 6 is explained below. To fasten the fastening device 6 to the surface 5, firstly the first adhesive 19 is applied to the first adhesive surface 15. Subsequently, the second adhesive 20 is applied to the second adhesive surface 16. The application of the adhesives 19, 20 may also be accomplished in reverse order or simultaneously.
The fastening device 6 is then placed in the desired position on the surface 5 and is preferably secured until at least one of the adhesives is 19, 20 is cured. An optional fixing frame 24 may be provided for this purpose. The fixing frame 24 is, for example, embodied as a ring extending around the fastening element 7, in which the fastening element 7 may be received. However, the fixing frame 24 may also have any other geometry. As shown in Fig. 2, the fixing frame 24 comprises a back side 25 oriented away from the surface 5, a cylindrical outer surface 26 and a cylindrical inner surface 27 to which the outer surface 9 of the fastening element 7 abuts.
The fixing frame 24 further comprises an end face 28 facing the surface 5. A third adhesive 29 is preferably provided on the end face 28 for securing the fixing frame 24 to the surface 5. The third adhesive 29 may, for example, be a pressure sensitive adhesive protected by a protective film or a fast-curing adhesive such as a cyanoacrylate. The fixing frame 24 may be secured to the surface 5 ahead of the fastening element 7 or the fixing frame 24 is operable to be slid over the fastening element 7 after placing said fastening element 7 on the surface 5. Alternatively, the third adhesive 29 may also be provided directly on the fastening element 7. For example, the third adhesive 29 may be provided on the end face 18 of the web portion 17 or on an additionally provided adhesive surface on the fastening element 7.
When pressing the fastening element 7 against the surface 5, the first adhesive 19 is pressed out through the channel 21 so that by looking at the channel 21, it is possible to ascertain that the first adhesive 19 is applied to the entire first adhesive surface 15 and is in contact with the surface 5. Thus, channel 21 is operable for monitoring the result of the bonding process. By using the web portion 17, it is possible to prevent the first adhesive 19 from coming into contact or becoming mixed with the second adhesive 20. Thereby an undesired negative effect on the result of the bonding process due to mixing of the adhesives 19, 20 is avoided.
When the fastening device 6 is in use, i.e., after both the first adhesive 19 and the second adhesive 20 have completely set or cured, the less stretchable second adhesive 20 receives quasi-static and dynamic loads, in particular loads acting in the direction of gravity g, which are acting on said fastening device when the vehicle 1 is in use, for example, during an off-road ride or due to the net weight of the retrofit kit items fasten to the fastening device 6.
In the event of a highly dynamic load, such as with a blasting impact on the vehicle 1 or a crash, the second adhesive 20 is operable to fail and rupture or tear, due to its lower stretchability compared to the first adhesive 19. The failure of the second adhesive 20 is intentional. However, detaching of the fastening device 6 from the surface 5 is prevent by the first adhesive 19, which has a high stretchability compared to the second adhesive 20. Subsequently to the highly dynamic load, during which the second adhesive 20 failed, the fastening device 6 may be replaced or re-bonded.
In deviation from the circular geometry shown is Fig. 3, the fastening element 7 may also have an oval geometry, so that static and dynamic loads acting in the direction of gravity g may be better absorbed. Alternatively, the fastening element 7 may also have a polygonal geometry, for example, a triangular, a square or a rectangular geometry. Furthermore, the fastening element 7 may also have an L-shaped geometry.
Fig. 4 shows a view of another embodiment of a fastening device 6. The fastening device 6 according to Fig. 4 differs from the fastening device 6 according to Figs. 2 and 3 only in that not only one channel 21 but two channels 21, 30 passing from the first adhesive surface 15 through the second adhesive surface 16 are provided. In particular, a first channel 21 and a second channel 30 are provided. Like the first channel 21, the second channel 30 has two side walls 31, 32 that are inclined such that the second channel 30 narrows toward the axis of symmetry M7. In this embodiment of the fastening device 6 according to Fig. 4, the two adhesive surfaces 15, 16 are not only arranged symmetrically to the first plane of symmetry El but also symmetrically to the second plane of symmetry E2. This allows for a particularly even force distribution to be achieved. The channels 21, 30 may be arbitrarily oriented to the direction of gravity g.
Fig. 5 shows a view of another embodiment of a fastening device 6. The fastening device 6 according to Fig. 5 differs from the fastening device 6 according to Figs. 2 and 3 only in that not only one channel 21 but three channels 21, 30, 33 passing from the first adhesive surface 15 through the second adhesive surface 16 are provided. The channels 21, 30, 33 are preferably arranged evenly distributed over a circumference of the fastening element 7. In particular, a first channel 21, a second channel 30 and a third channel 33 are provided. Like the first channel 21 and the second channel 30, the third channel 33 has two side walls 34, 35 that are inclined such that the third channel 33 also narrows toward the axis of synr metry M7. The fastening element 7 may also comprise more than three channels 21, 30, 33. For example, four or more channels 21, 30, 33 may be provided. The channels 21, 30, 33 are preferably always arranged symmetrically, in particular mirror-symmetrically, to the planes of symmetry El, E2. The channels 21, 30, 33 may be arbitrarily oriented to the direction of gravity g.
Fig. 6 shows a view of another embodiment of a fastening device 6. The fastening device 6 according to Fig. 6 differs from the fastening device according to Figs. 2 and 3 only in that the web portion 17 is not essentially circularly shaped but spirally shaped. This means that the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 are spirally intertwined. This allows for a particularly even force distribution to be achieved.
Fig. 7 shows a view of another embodiment of a fastening device 6. The fastening device 6 according to Fig. 7 differs from the fastening device 6 according to Figs. 2 and 3 in that the first adhesive surface 15 is divided into a plurality, for example four, of separated first surface portions 36 to 39. Each of the first surface portions 36 to 39 is separated from the second adhesive surface 16 by means of a dedicated web portion 17, of which in Fig. 7 only one is provided with a reference number.
Each first surface portion 36 to 39 further comprises a channel 21, as discussed above, which narrows toward the axis of symmetry M7 and through which the first adhesive 19 may be pressed out when applying the fastening device 6 to the surface 5. The first surface portions 36 to 39 are preferably arranged symmetrically to the first plane of symmetry El and symmetrically to the second plane of symmetry E2. The number of first surface portions 36 to 39 is arbitrary. For example, two, three, four, five six or even more first surface portions 36 to 39 may be provided, preferably being distributed symmetrically within the second adhesive surface 16.
Fig. 8 shows a view of another embodiment of a fastening device 6. The fastening device 6 according to Fig. 8 differs from the fastening device 6 according to Figs. 2 and 3 in that the first adhesive surface 15 is not arranged within the second adhesive surface 16. In particular, the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 are arranged next to each other. To this end, the web portion 17 may be arranged centered between the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16, i. e., symmetrically to the first plane of symmetry El. However, the web portion 17 may also be positioned asymmetrically so that the adhesive surfaces 15, 16 differ in size.
In this case, the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 are preferably arranged symmetrically to the second plane of symmetry E2 and asymmetrically to the first plane of symmetry El. Conversely, the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 may also be arranged asymmetrically to the second plane of symmetry E2 and symmetrically to the first plane of symmetry El. Instead of the web portion 17 an air gap separating the first adhesive surface 15 from the second adhesive surface 16 may be provided. The fastening device 6 according to Fig. 8 can be manufactured particularly easily and cost-effectively. The web portion 17 may be arbitrarily oriented to the direction of gravity g. This means that in the orientation of Fig. 8 the web portion 17 may be arranged upward, downward or obliquely.
Fig. 9 shows a view of another embodiment of a fastening device 6. Contrary to the embodiment of the fastening device 6 according to Figs. 2 and 3, in this embodiment of the fastening device 6, the first adhesive surface 15 is divided into a plurality of first surface portions 36 to 39. The second adhesive surface 16 is analogous to the first adhesive surface 15 also divided into a plurality of second surface portions 40 to 44. The number of first surface portions 36 to 39 and the number of second surface portions 40 to 44 is arbitrary. For example, four first surface portions 36 to 39 and five second surface portions 40 to 44 may be provided, which are arranged alternately, so that a structure in a row pattern results.
In particular, there is always a second surface portion 40 to 44 arranged between two first surface portions 36 to 39 and vice versa.
Between the first surface portions 36 to 39 and the second surface portions 40 to 44 a respective web portion 17 is preferably provided, of which, however, only one is assigned a reference number in Fig. 9. Instead of the web portions 17, air gaps may be provided between the first surface portions 36 to 39 and the second surface portions 40 to 44 such that the first adhesive surface 15 is separated from the second adhesive surface 16. The first surface portions 36 to 39 and the second surface portions 40 to 44 may be arranged symmetrically to the planes of symmetry El, E2 or at least symmetrically to one of the planes of symmetry El, E2. The first surface portions 36 to 39 and the second surface portions 40 to 44 may also be positioned obliquely to the planes of symmetry El, E2. The surface portions 36 to 44 may be arbitrarily oriented to the direction of gravity g. This means that in the orientation of Fig. 9 the surface portions 36 to 44 may be arranged horizontally, vertically or obliquely.
Fig. 10 shows a view of another embodiment of a fastening device 6. Compared to the embodiment of the fastening device 6 according to Figs. 2 and 3, in this embodiment of the fastening device 6, the first adhesive surface 15 is divided into a plurality of first surface portions 36 to 39, of which only four are provided with a reference number in Fig. 10. The first surface portions 36 to 39 are shown as circles in Fig. 10. The second adhesive surface 16 is analogous to the first adhesive surface 15 also divided into a plurality of second surface portions 40 to 44, of which, however, only five are provided with a reference number in Fig. 10. The second surface portions 40 to 44 are shown as squares in Fig. 10. The number of first surface portions 36 to 39 and the number of second surface portions 40 to 44 is arbitrary. For example, an equal number of first surface portions 36 to 39 and second surface portions 40 to 44 are provided.
Alternatively, a different number of first surface portions 36 to 39 and second surface portions 40 to 44 may be provided. The first surface portions 36 to 39 and the second surface portions 40 to 44 are arranged in a matrix pattern such that each first surface portion 36 to 39 is arranged adjacent to a second surface portion 40 to 44 and vice versa. The first surface portions 36 to 39 and the second surface portions 40 to 44 are both preferably arranged symmetrically to the first plane of symmetry El and symmetrically to the second plane of symmetry E2. As described above, web portions 17, which are not shown in Fig. 10, may be provided between the first surface portions 36 to 39 and the second surface portions 40 to 44. Alternatively, air gaps may be provided between the first surface portions 36 to 39 and the second surface portions 40 to 44 for separating the first adhesive surface 15 from the second adhesive surface 16.
Fig. 11 shows a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of a fastening arrangement 3 comprising a fastening device 6. The fastening device 6 according to Fig. 11 differs from the fastening device 6 according to Figs. 2 and 3 in that the first adhesive surface 15 is completely enclosed by the second adhesive surface 16, as shown in Fig. 12, which shows the view XII of Fig. 11. This means that the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 are constructed symmetrically to both the first plane of symmetry El and the second plane of symmetry E2. The web portion 17 is in this case embodied as a closed, circular geometry.
Starting at the first adhesive surface 15, a channel 45 in the form of a boring which is embodied rotationally symmetrical to the plane of symmetry M7 extends into the runout 13 of the boring 12 of the receiving portion 11. The symmetrical structure of the adhesive surfaces 15, 16, allows for a particularly even force distribution to be achieved. Verification, whether the first adhesive 19 fully wets the first adhesive surface 15 and the surface 5 can take place by the first adhesive 19 being pressed through the channel 45 into the runout 13.
Fig. 13 shows a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of a fastening arrangement 3 comprising a fastening device 6. The fastening device 6 according to Fig. 13 differs from the fastening device 6 according to Figs. 11 and 12 only in that the channel 45 does not enter into the runout 13 of the boring 12 of the receiving portion 11, rather the channel 45 comprises a first boring 46 extending towards the runout 13 but terminating ahead of said runout 13 and a second boring 47 perpendicular to boring 46 and entering into said boring 46. Thereby it is possible to prevent the first adhesive 19 from running into the receiving portion 11 and contaminating the thread 14 with adhesive. The boring 47 may be arbitrarily oriented to the direction of gravity g. This means that in the orientation of Fig. 13, the boring 47 may point upward, downward or sideways.
Fig. 14 shows a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of a fastening arrangement 3 comprising a fastening device 6. Fig. 15 shows the view XV of Fig. 14, wherein the adhesive surfaces 15, 16 are not shown in Fig. 15. In this embodiment of the fastening device 6, the fastening element 7 is divided into a first fastening element portion 48 and a second fastening element portion 49 which is separated from the first fastening element portion 48. The first fastening element portion 48 may be embodied rotationally symmetrical to a center axis or axis of symmetry Μ7Ί and the second fastening element portion 49 may be embodied rotationally symmetrical to a center axis or axis of symmetry M7-2. The axes of symmetry Μ7Ί, M7-2 are preferably positioned parallel to each other.
The fastening element portions 48, 49 may be embodied cylindrically and may have any cross section, for example a circular cross section. The fastening element portions 48, 49 may be connected to each other spaced apart from the surface 5 and have a common receiving portion 11. In this embodiment of the fastening device 6, the first adhesive surface 15 and the second adhesive surface 16 are separated by an air gap 50. This means that the web portion 17 is expendable. The fastening element portions 48, 49 may be constructed symmetrically to the plane of symmetry El. Each fastening element portion 48, 49 may be constructed symmetrically to a respective plane of symmetry Ε2Ί, E2-2. The fastening elements 48, 49 may be arbitrarily oriented to the direction of gravity g. This means that in the orientation of Figs. 14 and 15 the fastening element por tions 48, 49 may be positioned one above the other, next to each other or offset to one another.
By using the fastening device 6 a weakening of the homogeneous base material of the wall 4 is preventable due to using the adhesives 19, 20 as compared to a weld. The elimination of welds, which can be the starting point for crack formation under load, leads to higher operational reliability of the fastening device 6 as compared to welded threaded bosses. Due to the adhesive connection between the fastening device 6 and the surface 5, different materials may be used for the fastening element 7 and the wall 4. This may, for example, prevent contact erosion.
The fastening device 6 is suitable both for original equipment and as a retrofit solution. Compared to welded-on threaded bosses, less costs and effort are required for retrofit solutions, since no heat coupling into the wall 4 is required. Deinstalling heat-sensitive components, as required for welded solutions, is not necessary. Deinstalling or shutting-down electronic components is also not necessary, as no current is introduced into the wall 4 when the fastening device 6 is installed.
The quasi-static and dynamic loads may be transferred by means of the second adhesive 20 during operation of the fastening device 6. In the event of a one-time highly dynamic load, such as with a blasting impact on the vehicle 1 or a crash, the fastening device 6 does not fail, because, although the second adhesive 20 may rupture or tear due to its lower stretchability, but the first adhesive 19 does not fail due to its high stretchability. Thus, the two adhesives 19, 20 fulfill their function independently of each other. By means of the web portion 17, the adhesive layer thickness al5 of the first adhesive 19 and the second adhesive layer thickness al6 of the second adhesive 20 are easily and reproducibly adjustable. Alternatively, the adhesive layer thicknesses al5, al6 may also be adjusted by mixing glass beads into one of the adhesives 19, 20.
Although the present invention has been described using examples, it can be modified in many ways.
Claims (15)
1. A fastening device (6) for the military sector for fastening to a surface (5), comprising:
a fastening element (7) which comprises a receiving portion (11) for a fastening means (BM), a first adhesive surface (15) which is provided on the fastening element (7) and comprises a first adhesive (19), and a second adhesive surface (16) which is separated from the first adhesive surface (15) and provided on the fastening element (7), which second adhesive surface (15) comprises a second adhesive (20), wherein the first adhesive (19) has a greater stretchability than the second adhesive (20).
2. The fastening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first adhesive (19) comprises a first adhesive layer thickness (al5) and the second adhesive (19) comprises a second adhesive layer thickness (al6) which is smaller than, larger than, or equal to the first adhesive layer thickness (al5).
3. The fastening device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first adhesive (19) is stretchable by up to 50%, preferably by up to 60%, more preferably by up to 70%, more preferably by up to 80%, more preferably by up to 90%, more preferably by up to 100% of the first adhesive layer thickness (al5).
4. The fastening device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, the second adhesive (20) is stretchable by up to 10%, preferably by up to 8%, more preferably by up to 6%, more preferably by up to 4%, more preferably by up to 2% of the second adhesive layer thickness (al6).
5. The fastening device according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the first adhesive (19) is a polyurethane and the second adhesive (20) is an epoxy resin.
6. The fastening device according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the first adhesive surface (15) and/or the second adhesive surface (16) are constructed mirror-symmetrically to a first plane of symmetry (El) and/or to a second plane of symmetry (E2) of the fastening element (7).
7. The fastening device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, the first adhesive surface (15) is at least sectionally arranged within the second adhesive surface (16).
8. The fastening device according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, the first adhesive surface (15) and the second adhesive surface (16) are spirally intertwined.
9. The fastening device according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, the first adhesive surface (15) is separated from the second adhesive surface (16) by means of a web portion (17).
10. The fastening device according to claim 9, characterized in that, the web portion (17) comprises an end face (18) contacting the surface (5) for adjusting a first adhesive layer thickness (al5) of the first adhesive (19) and/or a second adhesive layer thickness (al6) of the second adhesive (20).
11. The fastening device according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, at least one channel (21, 30, 33, 45) is provided passing from the first adhesive surface (15) through the second adhesive surface (16) or by it.
12. The fastening device according to claim 11, characterized in that, the at least one channel (21, 30, 33) comprises side walls (22, 23, 31, 32, 34, 35) arranged such that the at least one channel (21, 30, 33) narrows toward an axis of symmetry (M7) of the fastening element (7).
13. The fastening device according to claim 11, characterized in that, the at least one channel (45) joins a boring (12) of the receiving portion (11).
14. The fastening device according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, the first adhesive surface (15) is divided into a plurality of separated first surface portions (36-39) and the second adhesive surface (16) is divided into a plurality of separated second surface portions (40-44), and that the first surface portions (36-39) and the second surface portions (40-44) are arranged in a row or matrix pattern.
15. The fastening device according to any of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, the fastening element (7) comprises a first fastening portion (48), which comprises the first adhesive surface (15) comprising the first adhesive (19), and a second fastening portion (49) separated from the first fastening portion (48), which comprises the second adhesive surface (16) comprising the second adhesive (20).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016125468.1A DE102016125468A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2016-12-22 | fastening device |
| DE102016125468.1 | 2016-12-22 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/082275 WO2018114440A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2017-12-11 | Fastening device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2017380643A1 true AU2017380643A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
| AU2017380643B2 AU2017380643B2 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2017380643A Active AU2017380643B2 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2017-12-11 | Fastening device |
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| EP (3) | EP3551897B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2017380643B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3045212C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102016125468A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI3885591T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018114440A1 (en) |
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| IT201900015671A1 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-03-05 | Marinoni S P A | System and method of fastening of fitting and / or plant engineering components on board the ship |
| CA3163632A1 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | Inventio Ag | Fixing a lift component to a shaft wall |
| FR3150553B1 (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2025-07-18 | Cold Pad | GLUED ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR THIS ASSEMBLY |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1594036C2 (en) * | 1966-04-05 | 1982-09-23 | Hilti AG, 9494 Schaan | Glue-in fastening element |
| DE19501805A1 (en) * | 1995-01-21 | 1996-07-25 | Aeg Schienenfahrzeuge | Method of joining components and sub-assemblies of rail vehicles |
| DE102008058390A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-02 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Point fastener, adhesive bond and method of making an adhesive bond |
| US8617694B1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2013-12-31 | The Boeing Company | Discretely tailored multi-zone bondline for fail-safe structural repair |
| DE102009049386B4 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2018-06-28 | Pierburg Pump Technology Gmbh | Method and device for bonding by means of vacuum |
| EP2778309A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-09-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of forming adhesive connections |
| DE102013008432A1 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-20 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | fastener |
| US20150114544A1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-04-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Mounting structure and method of attaching mounting structure to surface |
| ES2770020T3 (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2020-06-30 | Boeing Co | Structural bonded patching element with tapered adhesive design |
| DE102014009637A1 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-31 | Audi Ag | Fastening element for producing an adhesive bond with a mounting surface of a vehicle component and method for joining the fastening element with the mounting surface |
| DE202016005155U1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-09-21 | Martin Göckel | Device for fixing objects |
-
2016
- 2016-12-22 DE DE102016125468.1A patent/DE102016125468A1/en not_active Ceased
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2017
- 2017-12-11 EP EP17811961.6A patent/EP3551897B1/en active Active
- 2017-12-11 CA CA3045212A patent/CA3045212C/en active Active
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- 2017-12-11 FI FIEP21168414.7T patent/FI3885591T3/en active
- 2017-12-11 AU AU2017380643A patent/AU2017380643B2/en active Active
- 2017-12-11 EP EP21168435.2A patent/EP3869053B1/en active Active
- 2017-12-11 WO PCT/EP2017/082275 patent/WO2018114440A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3551897B1 (en) | 2022-08-17 |
| AU2017380643B2 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
| FI3885591T3 (en) | 2024-07-29 |
| WO2018114440A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
| EP3551897A1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
| EP3885591A1 (en) | 2021-09-29 |
| CA3045212A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
| DE102016125468A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
| EP3869053B1 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
| EP3869053A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
| CA3045212C (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| EP3885591B1 (en) | 2024-06-26 |
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