AU2011244906B2 - Collaborative online spreadsheet application - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract A distributed spreadsheet application executes at a server (120) and a client (110) in a network. The networked spreadsheet application can generally be used without requiring a user to install any specific spreadsheet software prior to using the application. In one implementation, the spreadsheet application may include a client engine (316) that executes within browser programs (115) of a plurality of client computing devices and server logic. The server logic may be configured to distribute the client engines to the plurality of client computing devices of the spreadsheet application when requested through the browser programs of each of the plurality of client computing devices. The server logic synchronizes a single spreadsheet document that is simultaneously open at the plurality of client computing device. (Figure 3) WO 2007/115149 PCT/US2007/065608 115 317 BROWSER 316 1 0 1 w XML C) HTML &CSS DT |...--.. -------- z . 1 DAA z - - - - - - - - - - - - W~~ z HT z 110 z u 115 317 BROWSER L ------- I~~ L) CAASRI 0 I 0 CL !RQE -- _.__ - - .----.

Description

- 1 AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT ORIGINAL Name of Applicant: Google Inc. Actual Inventors: Jonathan Rochelle, Micah Lemonik, Farzad Khosrowshahi, John Stephen Danaher Address for Service is: SHELSTON IP 60 Margaret Street Telephone No: (02) 9777 1111 SYDNEY NSW 2000 Facsimile No. (02) 9241 4666 CCN: 3710000352 Attorney Code: SW Invention Title: Collaborative online spreadsheet application Details of Original Application No. 2007233090 dated 30 March 2007 The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: File: 60280AUP01 -2 COLLABORATIVE ONLINE SPREADSHEET APPLICATION BACKGROUND FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE [0001] The present disclosure relates generally to spreadsheet applications, and more specifically, to network-based collaborative spreadsheet applications. DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART [0002] Electronic spreadsheet applications are in widespread use in various industries including finance, business and academia. A spreadsheet application is typically used to produce a spreadsheet that is often a rectangular table (or grid) of data and/or programming information. One of the reasons for the popularity of spreadsheet applications is that they can help to facilitate the implementation of analytical and/or database applications. [0003] Existing spreadsheet applications tend to be software programs that execute locally on a computer system of a single user. The spreadsheets produced by such a system can be difficult to distribute and difficult to modify or collaborate on when working in a group environment. SUMMARY (0004] Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification should in no way be considered as an admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common general knowledge in the field. [0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided method comprising: receiving, by a server computing device, a request for a spreadsheet application from a browser program of a client computing device; transmitting, based on the request and from the server computing device, programming code for a first portion of the spreadsheet application to the browser program of the client computing device, the programming code for the first portion of the spreadsheet application locally processing requests, from a first user at the client computing device, -3 relating to navigating or formatting a spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, the first user having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document; receiving, by the server computing device and from the client computing device, a particular formula entered into a cell of the spreadsheet document at the client computing device; executing, by the server computing device, programming code for a second portion of the spreadsheet application, executing the programming code for the second portion of the spreadsheet application including calculating a function, associated with the received formula, to generate a result; transmitting, from the server computing device and to the client computing device, the result of calculating the function, the client computing device having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within the cell of the spreadsheet document; and transmitting, from the server computing device and to another client computing device, the result of calculating the function, associated with the received formula, without sharing the formula with the other client computing device, the other client computing device being different from the client computing device from which the formula was received, the other client computing device being associated with a second user that has a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the other client computing device having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that the client computing device has simultaneous access to the formula and the result. [0006] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of "including, but not limited to". (0007] According to a second aspect, there is provided a storage device storing programming instructions that, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to: transmit, to a browser program of a client computing device and based on a request from the client computing device, programming code for a first portion of a spreadsheet application, the programming code for the first portion of the spreadsheet application locally handling requests, from a first user at the client computing device, relating -4 to navigating or formatting a spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, the first user having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document; receive, from the client computing device, a formula entered into a cell of the spreadsheet document at the client computing device; execute programming code for a second portion of the spreadsheet application, the programming code causing a server computing device to calculate a function, associated with the received formula to generate a result; transmit, from the server computing device and to the client computing device, the result of calculating the function, the client computing device having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within the cell of the spreadsheet document; and transmit, to another client computing device, that is different from the client computing device from which the formula was received, the result of calculating the function, associated with the received formula, without sharing internal details of the formula with the other client computing device, the other client computing device being associated with a second user that has a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the other client computing device having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that the client computing device has simultaneous access to the formula and the result. [0008] A device comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: distribute a client engine to a plurality of client computing devices over a network, the client engine implementing a first portion of functionality associated with a spreadsheet application and relating to navigating or formatting a spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, and being distributed to each of the plurality of client computing devices based on requests from the plurality of client computing devices for the spreadsheet application, a first user, associated with one of the plurality of client computing devices, having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document; receive a formula, entered into a cell of the spreadsheet document, from the one of the plurality of client computing devices; -5 execute a spreadsheet server component that performs a second portion of the functionality associated with the spreadsheet application locally at the device, the spreadsheet server component performing one or more calculations, relating to the formula, that are performed on behalf of the one of the plurality of client computing devices, to generate a result; transmit, to the one of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of calculating the formula, the one of the plurality of client computing devices having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within the cell of the spreadsheet document; and transmit, to one or more other client computing devices, of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of calculating the formula, without sharing the formula with the one or more other client computing devices, the one or more other client computing devices being different from the one of the plurality of client computing devices from which the formula was received, the one or more other client computing devices being associated with one or more second users that each have a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the one or more other client computing devices having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that the one of the plurality of client computing devices has simultaneous access to the formula and the result. [0009] According to a fourth aspect, there is provided a method comprising: distributing a client engine to a plurality of client computing devices over a network, the client engine implementing a first portion of functionality associated with a spreadsheet application and relating to navigating or formatting a spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, and being distributed to the each of the plurality of client computing devices based on requests from the plurality of client computing devices for the spreadsheet application, a first user, associated with one of the plurality of client computing devices, having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document; executing a spreadsheet server component that performs a second portion of the functionality, associated with the spreadsheet application, locally at a server device hosting the spreadsheet server component, the spreadsheet server component performing calculations of functions relating to formulas within the spreadsheet document shared by the - oa plurality of client computing devices, the spreadsheet server component updating, in real time or near real-time, changes, made to the spreadsheet document at one of the plurality of client computing devices, to other ones of the plurality of client computing devices; receiving a formula from the one of the plurality of client computing devices; executing the formula to generate a result; transmitting, to the one of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of executing the formula, the one of the plurality of client computing devices having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within a cell of the spreadsheet document; and transmitting, to one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of executing the formula, without sharing the formula with the one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices, the one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices being different from the one of the plurality of client computing devices from which the formula was received, the one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices being associated with one or more second users that each have a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that the one of the plurality of client computing devices has simultaneous access to the formula and the result. [0010] According to another aspect, there is provided a system for providing a distributed spreadsheet application to a plurality of users, the system comprising: client engine logic executing within a browser program associated within each of a plurality of client computing devices; and server logic to distribute the client engine logic to the plurality of client computing devices when a spreadsheet application is requested through the browser programs of the plurality of client computing devices, the server logic performing calculations relating to formulas in the spreadsheet application based on requests from the plurality of client computing devices, the server logic synchronizing a single spreadsheet document that is simultaneously accessed at the plurality of client computing devices, the server logic being further to: - 5b receive a formula, entered into a cell of the spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, from one of the plurality of client computing devices, a first user, associated with the one of the plurality of client computing devices, having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, execute the formula to generate a result, transmit, to the one of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of executing the formula, the one of the plurality of client computing devices having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, and transmit, to other ones of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of executing the formula, without sharing the formula with the other ones of the plurality of client computing devices, the other ones of the plurality of client computing devices being different from the one of the plurality of client computing devices from which the formula was received, the other ones of the plurality of client computing devices being associated with one or more second users that each has a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the other ones of the plurality of client computing devices having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that the one of the plurality of client computing devices has simultaneous access to the formula and the result.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0011] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, explain the invention. In the drawings, [0012] Fig. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary system in which concepts consistent with the principles of the invention may be implemented; [0013] Fig. 2 is an exemplary diagram of a computing device illustrated in Fig. 1; [0014] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary implementation of an online spreadsheet application; [0015] Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating exemplary operations of the various components of the online spreadsheet application in an exemplary spreadsheet session; [0016] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary spreadsheet interface that may be presented to a user; [0017] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an another exemplary spreadsheet interface that may be presented to a user; [0018] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating another exemplary spreadsheet interface that may be presented to a user; and [0019] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a spreadsheet embedded within a web page consistent with an aspect of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0020] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description does not limit the invention. OVERVIEW [0021] Implementations consistent with the principles of the invention relate to an online spreadsheet application. The online spreadsheet application may provide many or all of the features provided by a standard spreadsheet application. The online spreadsheet application may provide the ability for a number of users, potentially at physically remote locations relative to one another, to easily collaborate and modify a spreadsheet. Additionally, the online spreadsheet application may allow users to easily publish their created spreadsheets. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION [0022] Fig. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary system 100 in which concepts consistent with the principles of the invention may be implemented. System 100 may include multiple clients 110 that can connect to servers, such as server 120, via a network 140. Network 140 may include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a telephone network, such as the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), an intranet, the Internet, or a combination of networks. Three clients 110 and one server 120 are illustrated as connected to network 140 for simplicity. In practice, there may be more clients and/or servers. Also, in some instances, a client may perform one or more functions of a server and a server may perform one or more functions of a client. [0023] A client 110 may include a device, such as a personal computer, a lap top computer, a wireless telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), or another type of computation or communication device. Users of clients 110 may access or receive information from server 120. [0024] In the implementation shown, server 120 may generally interact with clients 110 such that clients 110, in conjunction with server 120, execute an online spreadsheet application. Server 120 may include software, labeled as spreadsheet server component 125, to assist implementing the online spreadsheet application. Online spreadsheet applications created by users of clients 110 may be stored by server 120 in, for example, storage media such as database 130. Although illustrated as a single device in Fig. 1, server 120 may be implemented as, for example, a single computing device or as multiple distributed computing devices. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that whether a device is functioning as a server or a client often depends on the specific application being implemented. That is, whether a computing device is operating as a client or a server may depend on the context of the role of the computing device within the application.. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other.

- b [0025] The interaction of clients 110 with server 120 may be through browser programs 115 at clients 110. For example, the online spreadsheet application may be a web application that runs within browsers 115. In this manner, clients 110 may not be required to install any spreadsheet specific software to use the online spreadsheet at client 110. Browser programs are well known and are widely available in the art. When browsers or browser programs are discussed herein, these terms are intended to refer to any program that allows a user to browse markup documents (e.g., web documents), regardless of whether the browser program is a stand alone program or an embedded program, such as a browser program included as part of an operating system. EXEMPLARY COMPUTING DEVICE ARCHITECTURE [0026] Fig. 2 is an exemplary diagram of computing device 200, such as one of clients 110 or server 120. Computing device 200 may include a bus 210, a processor 220, a main memory 230, a read only memory (ROM) 240, a storage device 250, an input device 260, an output device 270, and a communication interface 280. Bus 210 may include a path that permits communication among the components of computing device 200. [0027] Processor 220 may include any type of processor, microprocessor, or processing logic that interprets and executes instructions. Main memory 230 may include a random access memory (RAM) or another type of dynamic storage device that may store information and instructions for execution by processor 220. ROM 240 may include a ROM device or another type of static storage device that may store static information and instructions for use by processor 220. Storage device 250 may include a magnetic and/or optical recording medium and its corresponding drive. [0028] Input device 260 may include a mechanism that permits a user to input information to computing device 200, such as a keyboard, a mouse, a pen, voice recognition and/or biometric mechanisms, etc. Output device 270 may include a conventional mechanism that outputs information to the user, including a display, a printer, a speaker, etc. Communication interface 280 may include any transceiver-like mechanism that enables computing device 200 to communicate with other devices and/or systems. For example, communication interface 280 may include mechanisms for communicating with another device or system via a network, such as network 140.

[0029] Spreadsheet server component 125 may be implemented in software and stored in a computer-readable medium, such as memory 230. A computer-readable medium may be defined as one or more physical or logical memory devices and/or carrier waves. [0030] The software instructions defining spreadsheet server component 125 may be read into memory 230 from another computer-readable medium, such as data storage device 250, or from another device via communication interface 280. The software instructions contained in memory 230 cause processor 220 to perform processes that will be described later. Alternatively, hardwired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement processes consistent with the present invention. Thus, implementations consistent with the principles of the invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software. ONLINE SPREADSHEET APPLICATION [0031] An online spreadsheet application, as described herein, may be implemented as a distributed web application in which portions of the application execute at one or more of clients 110 and at server 120. More specifically, clients 110 that wish to use the online spreadsheet application may request the spreadsheet application from server 120. In response, server 120 may transmit portions of the spreadsheet application for local execution at clients 110. The online spreadsheet application may thus execute as a distributed application across server 120 and one or more of clients 110. [0032] Fig. 3 is a diagram, similar to Fig. 1, and illustrating an exemplary implementation of the online spreadsheet application in additional detail. Spreadsheet server component 125 may include a front-end component 326 and a back-end component 327. Front-end component 326 may include a web and/or XML server that interfaces with clients 110. For example, front-end component 326 may receive HTTP requests from clients 110 and transmit XML data to clients 110. Back-end component 327 may perform the more substantive processing related to the spreadsheet application, such as the calculation of functions required to update a spreadsheet. [0033] Portions of the online spreadsheet application may also execute within clients 110. For example, within browser 115, the online spreadsheet application may be conceptualized as including a client engine 316 and a user interface 317. Client engine 316 may be implemented using, for example, Javascript that is downloaded from server 120 when needed by client 110. User interface 317 may provide the final user interface that is - lu displayed in browser 115 based on, for example, HTML (hyper-text markup language) and CSS (cascading style sheets) data supplied from client engine 316. [0034] User interface 317 and client engine 316 together act to reduce the start-stop start stop nature of traditional browser-based web applications, as client engine 316 adds a client side layer that can handle many of the user interactions with user interface 317. Instead of loading a web page at the start of a user session, browser 115 may load client engine 316 from server 120 (or, alternatively, from a local cache). Client engine 316 may be responsible for both rendering the interface the user sees and communicating with server 120 on the user's behalf. Client engine 316 allows the user's interaction with the online spreadsheet application to happen asynchronously, i.e., independent of communication with server 120. [0035] In one implementation, the client-side operation of the online spreadsheet application may be implemented using the known Asynchronous JavaScript And XML (AJAX) web development techniques, although one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that other technologies could be used. [0036] Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating exemplary operations of the various components of the online spreadsheet application in an exemplary spreadsheet session. A user at one of clients 110 may initiate a spreadsheet application session (act 401). For instance, the user of a client 110 may contact front-end component 326 using browser 115. In some implementations, the user may be required to have previously registered or created an account with and be logged into spreadsheet server component 125. [0037] In response to the user initiating a spreadsheet session, spreadsheet server component 125 may transmit client engine 316 to the client 110 (act 402). Some portions of client engine 316 may be cached at client 110 from a previous session, in which case these portions do not need to be re-downloaded from server 120. In some implementations, the programming code that comprises client engine 316 may be implemented in a modular manner. In this situation, portions of client engine 316 may be transmitted to client 110 on an as-demand basis as the functionality of those portions of client engine 316 are needed by client 110. For example, client engine 316 may implement a number of "core" functions, such as basic user interaction and display functions, that are always transmitted to client 110, while other functions, such as more specialized spreadsheet functions, may be transmitted to client 110 on an as-need basis. Additionally, some functions of online spreadsheet application may always be executed by back-end component 327 and may therefore never be transmitted to client engine 316.

- 11 [0038] Because client engine 316 can be transmitted to client 110 as needed by client 110, the online spreadsheet application may be an entirely web-based application in which the client does not need to pre-install any portion of client engine 316. Advantageously, a user will typically be able to use the online spreadsheet application from any computing device that includes a compatible browser 115 and that is connected to network 140. [0039] Client engine 316, once loaded at client 110, may present, via user interface 317, the graphical user interface of a spreadsheet to the user (act 403). The spreadsheet, also called a spreadsheet document herein, is the data object that the spreadsheet application presents to the user. The spreadsheet presented to a user may be a "blank" spreadsheet from which the user may begin a new spreadsheet document, a spreadsheet document retrieved from a previous session of the online spreadsheet application, or a version of the spreadsheet document imported from a conventional spreadsheet document (e.g., an ".xls" document, a ".cvs" document, or other types of known spreadsheet document formats). [0040] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary spreadsheet interface that may be presented to a user. A browser may display the spreadsheet interface 510 based on HTML and CSS data received from client engine 316. Spreadsheet interface may include a control row 511, a column heading row 512, and a number of data rows 513 labeled one through eight. Control row 511 may include a field 521 that displays the currently active cell (e.g., cell D4 in the example shown in Fig. 5) and a formula field 522 in which the user may enter formulas or other spreadsheet operations. Column heading row 511 includes the column headings labeled "A" through "H". Users can specify a particular cell in spreadsheet interface 510 by a combination of a column heading and a row heading. Cell D1, for example, includes the value "$9.00". [0041] Through spreadsheet interface 510, a user can, for example, enter values or formulas into the spreadsheet cells and perform formatting operations relating to the spreadsheet. In response, client engine 316 interacts with and makes requests of spreadsheet server component 120 as necessary (act 404). As shown in Fig. 5, a user has entered the text "Expenses for the Trip:" into cell B1 and entered dollar values into cells D1, D2, and D3. Cell D4 is currently the active cell (shown by the bold lines surrounding this cell). The user has entered the formula "=sum(D1:D3)," which is shown in formula field 522, and which directs the spreadsheet to sum the values in cells D1 through D3 and to write the result into cell D4. Further, as is also shown in Fig. 5, the user has modified the width of columns "F" and "G." The user may do this by, for example, dragging the column separation line between columns "F" and "G" in the desired direction.

- 1211 [0042] The above-described functions and operations that are allowable by the online spreadsheet application are exemplary. Through spreadsheet interface 510, the online spreadsheet application may permit a user to perform numerous operations that are generally recognized as being consistent with a spreadsheet application. [0043] In one implementation, client engine 316 may handle most or all of the functionality associated with responding to user actions relating to navigating and/or formatting the spreadsheet interface without needing to contact spreadsheet server component 125. Other functions of the spreadsheet application, such as the evaluation of functions in a spreadsheet, may be handled by logic in back-end component 327. By handling formatting and data entry feedback locally at client 110, the online spreadsheet application can provide a high level of responsiveness to user actions that tend to occur frequently and for which users expect immediate feedback. By handling the evaluation of spreadsheet formulas at back-end component 327, the results of a formula created by a first user can be shared with other users without necessarily sharing the internal details of the formula. In this way, users can share or publish custom formulas/operations while potentially keeping the internal details proprietary. [0044] One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that in alternate implementations, the division of functions executed at client engine 316 and back-end component 327 may be modified such that client engine 316 handles more or fewer functions and similarly, back-end component 327 may also handle more or fewer functions. [0045] Periodically, or at the explicit direction of the user via spreadsheet interface 510, the data that comprises the spreadsheet document may be saved (act 405). In one possible implementation, the spreadsheet document may be saved by spreadsheet server component 125 to database 130. In this manner, the spreadsheet document may be accessible by the user (or by other users) from any computing device connected to network 140. ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONALITY OF THE ONLINE SPREADSHEET APPLICATION [0046] Additional functionality provided by the online spreadsheet application will next be described in additional detail. [0047] The online spreadsheet application may provide for collaboration among multiple users working on a single spreadsheet. For example, multiple users may simultaneously edit a spreadsheet and view the edits of each of the users. When one user edits a particular cell - 1J of the spreadsheet, the edit may be transmitted to spreadsheet server component 125 and then forwarded to other collaborating users that are also editing or viewing the spreadsheet. To this end, spreadsheet server component 125 may handle conflicts between collaborating users, such as when two users try to simultaneously edit a particular cell. For example, spreadsheet server component 125 may accept the first edit received or in some way prioritize the collaborating users such that the edits of higher priority users override those of lower priority users. If an edit of a user is rejected by spreadsheet server component 125, spreadsheet server component 125 may transmit a message back to the user that informs that user of the rejection of the edit. In this manner, multiple users may collaborate, potentially in real-time (or near real-time), on a single spreadsheet. [0048] In one implementation, the parties that may view and collaborate on a particular spreadsheet application may be specified by an initial creator of the spreadsheet. For example, the initial creator may be given "administrator" privileges that allow the creator to specify the privileges for each of the other possible collaborators. The creator may specify that the other collaborators have privileges to do one or more of the following: edit the spreadsheet, view the spreadsheet only, edit designated parts of the spreadsheet, or add additional users to the list of possible collaborators. For example, certain users may be able to edit certain parts of the spreadsheet, while other designated cells or regions of cells will remain "locked" to those users such that the users can view but not edit the locked cells. In some implementations, a spreadsheet may be designated as a "public" spreadsheet that anyone can view and/or edit. [0049] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary spreadsheet interface 610 that may be presented to a user. Interface 610 is similar to interface 510, except that four additional entries labeled as entries 640, have been added. Assume that the entries were added by a different collaborating user than the user that added initial entries 645. Entries 640 may have been added simultaneously with the first user adding initial entries 645 or after the first user has added entries 645. Each entry made by a collaborating user may be transmitted from client engine 316 of the collaborating user back to spreadsheet server component 125, and then forwarded to all other online collaborating users. In this manner, users can simultaneously collaborate on a document. [0050] In some implementations, users may be able to configure the presentation of spreadsheet interface 610 to in some manner illustrate which users have made which edits. For example, changes made by different users may be shown in a different font or different color for each user. Alternatively or additionally, when a user mouses over or in some way - 14 selects a cell, an indication of the collaborator who last edited the cell may be shown. In the example shown in Fig. 6, entries 640 and 645 are shown in different fonts. Also, a text box 650 is shown in Fig. 6. Text box 650 may be filled with the name of the last user to edit the currently selected cell. In this example, cell E4 is the currently selected cell (shown in bold) and the last person to edit this cell is the user "Julie." [0051] In addition to collaboration between users, the online spreadsheet application may allow collaborators to interactively communicate with one another as they are working on a spreadsheet. [0052] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating another exemplary spreadsheet interface 710 that may be presented to a user. Interface 710 is similar to interfaces 510 and 610, except that interface 710 additionally includes a messaging sidebar 715 in which collaborators to the spreadsheet application may communicate with one another. [0053] Sidebar 715 may include an area 720 that shows the users that are currently viewing or editing the spreadsheet. This list of users may correspond to the users that are logged into spreadsheet server component 125 for the particular spreadsheet. Sidebar 715 may also include a message area 725 that displays past messages sent between users, and an input area 730 in which users may enter messages. Messages typed into input area 730 may be displayed in message area 725 to all other users or to a select number of users. A entered message may, for example, be transmitted from client engine 316 of the user sending the message to spreadsheet server component 125. At spreadsheet server component 125, the entered message may be retransmitted back to client engine 316 of all other online collaborators. In this manner, collaborators on a spreadsheet can communicate in real-time with one another while working with the spreadsheet. [0054] One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that messaging sidebar 715, as described above, is exemplary, and that the actual visual layout and messaging functionality provided by messaging sidebar may vary. For example, messaging sidebar may include a voice link that allows users to initiate voice sessions over network 140 with one another. [0055] In some implementations, the online spreadsheet application may provide an interface through which users can publish their created spreadsheets, either by allowing any user of the online spreadsheet application to open the spreadsheets or by allowing users to embed a created spreadsheet in a web page. Users that wish to publish spreadsheets in web pages may, for example, be provided with a to link spreadsheet server component 125 that also includes an identification of the particular spreadsheet document that the user would like to publish. [0056] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a spreadsheet embedded within a web page consistent with an aspect of the invention. In this example, assume that a user places content 805 on a web server 810 associated with a first domain (e.g., "jimswebpage.org"). A client may visit, using a browser 815, the first domain and receive the content 805 as a web page 820 from web server 810. Content 805 may include within itself a link 825 (such as a link within an HTML inline frame (IFRAME)) to spreadsheet server component 125. One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that link 825 may be implemented using techniques other than an IFRAME. Link 825 may include a URL that includes an identifier to the particular spreadsheet document that the client is to download from server 120. In the example shown in Fig. 8, spreadsheet server component 125 is associated with the domain "spreadsheetserver.com" and the particular spreadsheet document that is to be downloaded is identified by the string "sheet=123456." When rendering the web page, browser 815 will contact spreadsheet server component 125, download client engine 316, and display the spreadsheet as appropriate at client 812. From the point of view of the user of client 812, the spreadsheet is loaded in response to navigating to the first domain. [0057] The online spreadsheet application may allow users to create custom functions or operations. A custom user function may be created as, for example, a combination of existing functions. The online spreadsheet application may provide more advanced tools, such as the ability to create custom functions in other programming languages, such as custom functions written in JavaScript or custom functions that are compiled as executable code, such as DLL (dynamic link library) files. In one implementation, creators of custom functions may have the ability to publish their custom functions to other users. Spreadsheet server component 125 may facilitate the ability of users to publish their custom functions by providing, for example, an interface through which a user may submit a function and an interface through which other users can search, evaluate, and choose to import other custom functions into their applications. In some implementations, spreadsheet server component 125 may allow users to charge for their custom functions. CONCLUSION [0058] A networked spreadsheet application is described herein that executes in a distributed manner over a network. The networked spreadsheet application can generally be used without requiring a user to install any specific spreadsheet software prior to using the - lb application. Further, the networked spreadsheet application, in addition to providing many or all of the features commonly associated with a spreadsheet application, may allow multiple users to easily collaborate on a spreadsheet by providing for the ability for multiple users to edit the spreadsheet and send instant messages to one another while working on spreadsheet. [0059] The foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the invention. For example, while the computer systems described herein was described as being used to implement an online spreadsheet, they could also be used to create other collaborative documents, such as a wiki or table. [0060] Moreover, while series of acts have been described with regard to Fig. 4, the order of the acts may be varied in other implementations consistent with the invention. Moreover, non-dependent acts may be implemented in parallel. [0061] It will also be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that aspects of the invention, as described above, may be implemented in many different forms of software, firmware, and hardware in the implementations illustrated in the figures. The actual software code or specialized control hardware used to implement aspects consistent with the principles of the invention is not limiting of the invention. Thus, the operation and behavior of the aspects of the invention were described without reference to the specific software code it being understood that one of ordinary skill in the art would be able to design software and control hardware to implement the aspects based on the description herein. [0062] Further, certain portions of the invention may be implemented as "logic" or a "component" that performs one or more functions. This logic may include hardware, such as an application specific integrated circuit or a field programmable gate array, software, or a combination of hardware and software. [0063] No element, act, or instruction used in the description of the invention should be construed as critical or essential to the invention unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the article "a" is intended to include one or more items. Where only one item is intended, the term "one" or similar language is used. Further, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based, at least in part, on" unless explicitly stated otherwise.

Claims (22)

1. A method comprising: receiving, by a server computing device, a request for a spreadsheet application from a browser program of a client computing device; transmitting, based on the request and from the server computing device, programming code for a first portion of the spreadsheet application to the browser program of the client computing device, the programming code for the first portion of the spreadsheet application locally processing requests, from a first user at the client computing device, relating to navigating or formatting a spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, the first user having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document; receiving, by the server computing device and from the client computing device, a particular formula entered into a cell of the spreadsheet document at the client computing device; executing, by the server computing device, programming code for a second portion of the spreadsheet application, executing the programming code for the second portion of the spreadsheet application including calculating a function, associated with the received formula, to generate a result; transmitting, from the server computing device and to the client computing device, the result of calculating the function, the client computing device having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within the cell of the spreadsheet document; and transmitting, from the server computing device and to another client computing device, the result of calculating the function, associated with the received formula, without sharing the formula with the other client computing device, the other client computing device being different from the client computing device from which the formula was received, the other client computing device being associated with a second user that has a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the other client computing device having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that the client computing device has simultaneous access to the formula and the result.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: transmitting the programming code for the first portion of the spreadsheet application to browser programs of a plurality of client computing devices; and - 18 updating changes, to the spreadsheet document, made via the first portion of the spreadsheet application at one of the plurality of client computing devices, to spreadsheet documents at others of the plurality of client computing devices.

3. The method of claim 2, where the others of the plurality of client computing devices are updated in real-time.

4. The method of claim 1, where one or more messages are communicated between the users of the plurality of client computing devices in real-time

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: providing the function within the spreadsheet document, where the function was created by a user of the one or more other client computing devices.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, from the first user of the client computing device, an instruction to make the spreadsheet document accessible by the other client computing device; and making the spreadsheet document accessible to the other client computing device based on receiving the instruction.

7. A storage device storing programming instructions that, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to: transmit, to a browser program of a client computing device and based on a request from the client computing device, programming code for a first portion of a spreadsheet application, the programming code for the first portion of the spreadsheet application locally handling requests, from a first user at the client computing device, relating to navigating or formatting a spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, the first user having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document; receive, from the client computing device, a formula entered into a cell of the spreadsheet document at the client computing device; execute programming code for a second portion of the spreadsheet application, the programming code causing a server computing device to calculate a function, associated with the received formula to generate a result; transmit, from the server computing device and to the client computing device, the result of calculating the function, the client computing device having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and - 19 the result being located within the cell of the spreadsheet document; and transmit, to another client computing device, that is different from the client computing device from which the formula was received, the result of calculating the function, associated with the received formula, without sharing internal details of the formula with the other client computing device, the other client computing device being associated with a second user that has a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the other client computing device having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that the client computing device has simultaneous access to the formula and the result.

8. A device comprising: a processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: distribute a client engine to a plurality of client computing devices over a network, the client engine implementing a first portion of functionality associated with a spreadsheet application and relating to navigating or formatting a spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, and being distributed to each of the plurality of client computing devices based on requests from the plurality of client computing devices for the spreadsheet application, a first user, associated with one of the plurality of client computing devices, having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document; receive a formula, entered into a cell of the spreadsheet document, from the one of the plurality of client computing devices; execute a spreadsheet server component that performs a second portion of the functionality associated with the spreadsheet application locally at the device, the spreadsheet server component performing one or more calculations, relating to the formula, that are performed on behalf of the one of the plurality of client computing devices, to generate a result; transmit, to the one of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of calculating the formula, the one of the plurality of client computing devices having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within the cell of the spreadsheet document; and - 20 transmit, to one or more other client computing devices, of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of calculating the formula, without sharing the formula with the one or more other client computing devices, the one or more other client computing devices being different from the one of the plurality of client computing devices from which the formula was received, the one or more other client computing devices being associated with one or more second users that each have a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the one or more other client computing devices having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that the one of the plurality of client computing devices has simultaneous access to the formula and the result.

9. The device of claim 8, where the client engine is distributed to at least one of the plurality of client computing devices based on an HTTP request made to the device by a web browser executing at the at least one of the plurality of the client computing devices.

10. The device of claim 8, where one or more messages are communicated between users of the plurality of client computing devices in real-time.

11. The device of claim 8, where the client engine is to display a user interface for the spreadsheet application as a spreadsheet user interface embedded within a browser window.

12. The device of claim 11, where the spreadsheet user interface is embedded in a frame of a web page.

13. The device of claim 8, where the first portion of functionality associated with the spreadsheet application is designed to locally handle requests from users at the plurality of client computing devices, relating to navigating or formatting the spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, and the second portion of the functionality associated with the spreadsheet application is designed to execute updates of functions in the spreadsheet document. - 21

14. The device of claim 8, further comprising: a storage device to store spreadsheet documents created by the plurality of client computing devices.

15. A method comprising: distributing a client engine to a plurality of client computing devices over a network, the client engine implementing a first portion of functionality associated with a spreadsheet application and relating to navigating or formatting a spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, and being distributed to the each of the plurality of client computing devices based on requests from the plurality of client computing devices for the spreadsheet application, a first user, associated with one of the plurality of client computing devices, having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document; executing a spreadsheet server component that performs a second portion of the functionality, associated with the spreadsheet application, locally at a server device hosting the spreadsheet server component, the spreadsheet server component performing calculations of functions relating to formulas within the spreadsheet document shared by the plurality of client computing devices, the spreadsheet server component updating, in real time or near real-time, changes, made to the spreadsheet document at one of the plurality of client computing devices, to other ones of the plurality of client computing devices; receiving a formula from the one of the plurality of client computing devices; executing the formula to generate a result; transmitting, to the one of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of executing the formula, the one of the plurality of client computing devices having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within a cell of the spreadsheet document; and transmitting, to one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of executing the formula, without sharing the formula with the one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices, the one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices being different from the one of the plurality of client computing devices from which the formula was received, the one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices being associated with one or more second users that each have a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the one or more other ones of the plurality of client computing devices having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially - 22 a same time that the one of the plurality of client computing devices has simultaneous access to the formula and the result.

16. A system for providing a distributed spreadsheet application to a plurality of users, the system comprising: client engine logic executing within a browser program associated within each of a plurality of client computing devices; and server logic to distribute the client engine logic to the plurality of client computing devices when a spreadsheet application is requested through the browser programs of the plurality of client computing devices, the server logic performing calculations relating to formulas in the spreadsheet application based on requests from the plurality of client computing devices, the server logic synchronizing a single spreadsheet document that is simultaneously accessed at the plurality of client computing devices, the server logic being further to: receive a formula, entered into a cell of the spreadsheet document of the spreadsheet application, from one of the plurality of client computing devices, a first user, associated with the one of the plurality of client computing devices, having a first set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, execute the formula to generate a result, transmit, to the one of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of executing the formula, the one of the plurality of client computing devices having simultaneous access to the formula and the result, and the result being located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, and transmit, to other ones of the plurality of client computing devices, the result of executing the formula, without sharing the formula with the other ones of the plurality of client computing devices, the other ones of the plurality of client computing devices being different from the one of the plurality of client computing devices from which the formula was received, the other ones of the plurality of client computing devices being associated with one or more second users that each has a second set of privileges for the spreadsheet document, and the other ones of the plurality of client computing devices having access to only the result, located within the cell of the spreadsheet document, at substantially a same time that - 23 the one of the plurality of client computing devices has simultaneous access to the formula and the result.

17. The system of claim 16, where the client engine logic, executing within the browser program of a particular client computing device of the plurality of client computing devices, provides an interface between the browser program and the server logic, the client engine logic asynchronously handling communications between the browser program and the server logic.

18. A method substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and/or examples.

19. A computer-readable memory device substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and/or examples.

20. A device substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and/or examples.

21. A system for providing a distributed spreadsheet application to a plurality of users, said system being substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and/or examples.

22. A system substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and/or examples.