AU2001264102A1 - Peptide composition for treatment of periodontal diseases and prevention of skin aging - Google Patents
Peptide composition for treatment of periodontal diseases and prevention of skin agingInfo
- Publication number
- AU2001264102A1 AU2001264102A1 AU2001264102A AU2001264102A AU2001264102A1 AU 2001264102 A1 AU2001264102 A1 AU 2001264102A1 AU 2001264102 A AU2001264102 A AU 2001264102A AU 2001264102 A AU2001264102 A AU 2001264102A AU 2001264102 A1 AU2001264102 A1 AU 2001264102A1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- peptide
- casein
- lys
- amino acid
- derivative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 title claims description 146
- 208000028169 periodontal disease Diseases 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title 1
- 230000009759 skin aging Effects 0.000 title 1
- 108050001786 Alpha-s2 casein Proteins 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical group NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001429 N-terminal alpha-amino-acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 claims description 13
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000002510 keratinocyte Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 101000741066 Sus scrofa Alpha-S2-casein Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003275 alpha amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 9
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 26
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 23
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 21
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 11
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 102000011632 Caseins Human genes 0.000 description 7
- PRONOHBTMLNXCZ-BZSNNMDCSA-N Tyr-Leu-Lys Chemical compound NCCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PRONOHBTMLNXCZ-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 208000024693 gingival disease Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 101000741059 Bos taurus Alpha-S2-casein Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102400001368 Epidermal growth factor Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 101800003838 Epidermal growth factor Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 101000993347 Gallus gallus Ciliary neurotrophic factor Proteins 0.000 description 6
- XGBVLRJLHUVCNK-DCAQKATOSA-N His-Val-Ser Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CC1=CNC=N1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O XGBVLRJLHUVCNK-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WQWZXKWOEVSGQM-DCAQKATOSA-N Lys-Ala-Met Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN WQWZXKWOEVSGQM-DCAQKATOSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AEIIJFBQVGYVEV-YESZJQIVSA-N Lys-Phe-Pro Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](N(C1)C(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N)C(=O)O AEIIJFBQVGYVEV-YESZJQIVSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XFANQCRHTMOEAP-WDSOQIARSA-N Lys-Pro-Trp Chemical compound [H]N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)C(O)=O XFANQCRHTMOEAP-WDSOQIARSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZRACLHJYVRBJFC-ULQDDVLXSA-N Met-Lys-Phe Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZRACLHJYVRBJFC-ULQDDVLXSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YDUGVDGFKNXFPL-IXOXFDKPSA-N Phe-Thr-Cys Chemical compound C[C@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)N)O YDUGVDGFKNXFPL-IXOXFDKPSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- FSXRLASFHBWESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipeptide phenylalanyl-tyrosine Natural products C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1CC(C(O)=O)NC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 FSXRLASFHBWESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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Description
PEPTIDE COMPOSITION
The present invention relates to a protein, a peptide (generally a polypeptide), a peptide derivative, or peptide fragment which can be used to alleviate or prevent an effect of aging, particularly an effect of aging in skin. This may be in a method of treatment or a cosmetic method. The invention also relates to the same peptides, polypeptides, peptide derivatives or peptide fragments which can be used as a prophylactic or treatment for periodontal diseases (gum diseases). This may be in a medical method of treatment if desired. In particular the invention relates to use of a peptide which comprises an amino acid sequence from an α-S2 casein precursor.
For many years it has been known that, in addition to its nutritional content, milk contains growth promoting activity for cells. In this connection, epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been identified in human (Shing and Klagsbrun, 1984; Petrides, 1985), rat (Raaberg et al, 1990), swine (Tan et al, 1990) and goat (Brown and Blakeley, 1983) milk.
The EGF present in rat milk has been shown to be significant for the normal development of rat pups (Oka et al, 1983). EGF has not, however, been found in bovine milk (Read 1985). Instead, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I and II (Francis et al, 1986) and bovine colostrum growth factor (BCGF), which is structurally related to Platelet-derived Growth Factor (PDGF) (Shing and Klagsbrun, 1984; Brown and Blakeley, 1994), have been identified in bovine milk.
In published International Application WO 97/16460 it is disclosed that bovine milk contains growth promoting activity for a rat mammary fibroblast cell line (Rama 27), which is not significantly stimulated by IFG or PDGF. In this application peptide sequences are identified which elicit this growth promoting activity. These sequences are identified as sequences that are substantially identical to the C-terminal end of bovine α-S2 casein precursor. The application indicates that these peptides or salts thereof may be used for the manufacture of medicaments or foodstuffs for promoting growth.
Published European Patent Application EP 0 457 565 discloses milk protein hydrolysate and compositions for use in hair and skin treatment. The proteins in the hydrolysate are not specifically defined and have molecular weights of less than 1000 daltons. These are thus very small hydrolysis products from a wide variety of proteins present in milk.
Published PCT Applications WO 92/00994, WO 95/29933 and WO 96/34614 disclose extracts from milk which may be used as growth promoting agents and agents for treating alimentary tract damage. The milk product extract may be from human or animal milk and includes cheese whey extracts and skim-milk extracts. The documents imply that IGF I or II are active ingredients giving the products their utility, and do not indicate that the products should comprise any specific protein.
h addition, topical applications, such as creams, have been marketed that claim anti-aging efficacy for added Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) (Estee Lauder, advertised in Elle, 1999) and for 'whey proteins' (Estee Lauder's 'Diminish' in Martha Stewart's Living, Feb, 2000). However, this efficacy has not been shown to be especially high.
It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems associated with the prior art. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide an agent capable of alleviating or preventing the effects of aging in skin. It is also an object of the invention to provide an agent capable of treating or preventing periodontal disease. Surprisingly, the inventors have found that an α-S2 casein precursor and related species, such as those disclosed as growth promoters in WO 97/16460, are extremely useful in alleviating and preventing the effects of aging in skin, and in treating periodontal disease. The α-S2 casein precursor and precursor fragments and derivatives used in the present invention are superior to known anti-aging products and products used for treating gum disease, and in particular to the agents disclosed in the above prior art.
Accordingly, the present invention provides use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, in the manufacture of a medicament effective in alleviating or preventing periodontal disease, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N- terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor. The invention also provides use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, in the manufacture of a medicament effective in alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
The above-defined uses of the present invention include use of the peptide, or its derivative, either in a pure form, or in a partially purified form, such as that obtainable by isolation of the peptide from a natural source. Thus, the present use may extend to employment of the peptide in its natural unpurified form, such as using a natural substance that comprises the peptide or its derivative, or may involve use of the peptide or its derivative in any level of purification, including entirely (100 %) pure. The peptide may also be from a proteolytic digest or a non-natural source, such as a synthetic peptide. In the context of this invention, the term peptide is intended to include proteins, polypeptides and peptide fragments.
The present invention also provides a cosmetic method for alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, which method comprises treating a subject with a polypeptide, or a derivative of a polypeptide, wherein the polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising the N-terminus of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
To reiterate, the present inventors have surprisingly found that a peptide comprising an amino acid sequence from an α-S2 casein precursor, and in particular a fragment of such
a peptide, has a very beneficial effect upon the skin, preventing and alleviating many effects of aging, and treating and preventing periodontal disease. The effect of these particular agents is superior to the effect of prior art agents. By fragments, in the context of the present invention it is meant any part of a sequence from a protein, polypeptide or peptide that is not the full sequence.
The invention will be further described by way of example only with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments, in which:
Figure 1 shows the result of a cation exchange column chromatography experiments are carried out on a dialysed cheese whey salt-cut; and
Figure 2 shows the results of a hydrophobic interaction column chromatography experiment performed on active fractions from cation exchange chromatography.
In the context of the present invention, the effect of aging may be any effect of aging. Thus the effect may be sagging of the skin, wrinkling of the skin or slow regeneration of damaged areas of skin. However, the effect is most preferably wrinkling of the skin. The periodontal disease is a disease of the gums. In the context of the present invention, this may be a gum disease arising for any reason, including infection of the teeth or gums as well as lack of cleaning (brushing or flossing) of the teeth or gums.
The polypeptide and polypeptide fragments used in the present invention may have either an alleviating effect, or a preventative effect, or both. Thus, they may have a prophylactic effect and/or may reduce the effects of gum disease or of aging, or provide protection against the onset of gum disease or may increase the youthful appearance of the skin.
Whilst the whole α-S2 casein precursor shows no significant efficacy against the effects of aging or gum disease, fragments of such proteins, such as polypeptides derived from the C-terminal end of α-S2 caseins, do have these effects. For example, the efficacy
against gum disease and effects of aging is present in peptides which are derived from the C-terminal end of α-S2 casein precursors and have 3 or more amino acids, but do not comprise the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein molecule. Thus, the casein-derived peptides and fragments used in the present invention generally comprise 3 or more amino acids and do not comprise the N-terminus of the full casein protein. In the context of the present invention, the peptide not comprising the N-terminal amino acid means that the peptide does not comprise the N-terminal end (N-terminus) of the protein itself. In some embodiments this can mean that the peptide does not comprise a number of amino acids up to and including the N-terminus. Preferably the peptides do comprise the C-terminus of the full protein.
Thus, the number of amino acids in the peptide or fragment used the present invention is not especially limited, provided that it has 3 or more amino acids, but does not comprise the N-terminal end of the full casein. However, it is preferred that the number of amino acids in the peptide is from 3-50, 4-50, 5-50, 6-50, or 7-50. Advantageously, the number of amino acids may be from 8-50 and more preferably from 9-50 or 10-50. It is particularly preferred that the upper limit on the amino acids in all these cases is 35 and most preferably 31. The most preferred number of amino acids is from 9-31.
Thus, the peptide may preferably comprise the last 3-50, 3-35 or 3-31 amino acids of the C-terminal end of the α-S2 casein precursor (including the C-terminus) and may even be as short as the last 3-10, 3-9, 3-8 or 3-7 or even just the last 3 amino acids of the C-terminal end of the α-S2 casein.
The bovine α-S2 casein precursor used in the present invention has the following amino acid sequence:
[CAS2_BOVIN] ALPHA-S2 CASEIN PRECURSOR
SEQUENCE:
MKFFIFTCLL AVALAKNTME HVS S SEE S II SQETYKQEKN MAINPSKENL CSTFCKEVVR
NANEEEYSIG SSSEESAEVA TEEVKITVDD KHYQKALNEI NQFYQKFPQY LQYLYQGPIV
LNPWDQVKRN AVPITPTLNR EQLSTSEENS KKTVDMESTE VFTKKTKLTE EEKNRLNFLK
KISQRYQKFA LPQYLKTVYQ HQKAMKPWIQ PKTKVIPYVR YL
In three letter codes this translates to:
Met Lys Phe Phe H e Phe Thr Cys Leu Leu
Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Lys Asn Thr Met Glu
His Val Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser H e H e
Ser Gin Glu Thr Tyr Lys G i Glu Lys Asn
Met Ala H e Asn Pro Ser Lys Glu Asn Leu
Cys Ser Thr Phe Cys Lys Glu Val Val Arg
Asn Ala Asn Glu Glu Glu Tyr Ser H e Gly
Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ala Glu Val Ala
Thr Glu Glu Val Lys H e Thr Val Asp Asp
Lys His Tyr Gin Lys Ala Leu Asn Glu H e
Asn Gin Phe Tyr Gin Lys Phe Pro Gin Tyr
Leu Gin Tyr Leu Tyr Gin Gly Pro H e Val
Leu Asn Pro Trp Asp Gin Val Lys Arg Asn
Ala Val Pro H e Thr Pro Thr Leu Asn Arg
Glu Gin Leu Ser Thr Ser Glu Glu Asn Ser
Lys Lys Thr Val Asp Met Glu Ser Thr Glu
Val Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Lys Leu Thr Glu
Glu Glu Lys Asn Arg Leu Asn Phe Leu Lys
Lys H e Ser Gin Arg Tyr Gin Lys Phe Ala
Leu Pro Gin Tyr Leu Lys Thr Val Tyr Gin
His Gin Lys Ala Met Lys Pro Trp H e Gin
Pro Lys Thr Lys Val H e Pro Tyr Val Arg Tyr Leu
It is preferred in the present invention that the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the following sequences:
LysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu;
ThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu;
LysThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu;
ProLysThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu
GlnProLysThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu
AlaMetLysProTrpIleGlnProLysThrLysValIleProTyrValArgTyrLeu; and
ProGlnTyrLeuLysTlτrValTyrGlnHisGlnLysAlaMetLysProTrpIleGlnProLysThrLysValIle
ProTyrValArgTyrLeu.
These sequences all comprise the last 9 amino acids of the C-terminal end of the bovine α-S2 casein precursor. The present inventors have found that peptide sequences incorporating this C-terminal sequence, LysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu, show particularly marked anti-aging activity. Thus in a particularly preferred aspect of the present invention the polypeptide comprises a bovine α-S2 casein fragment comprising the sequence LysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu. Other particularly preferred sequences referred to above include the last 10, 11, 12 and 13 amino acids of the C-terminal end of the bovine α-S2 casein precursor. These amino acids are also the same as the last 7 amino acids of the goat, rabbit and sheep α-S2 casein precursors, confirming the degree of similarity between these proteins, particularly at their C-termini.
As highlighted above, there is a high degree of homology between the C-terminal end sequence of α-S2 casein precursors of bovine, goat, sheep, rabbit and pig origin. It is apparent from the sequences of these caseins that the C-terminal sequence can vary from species to species, but that there are important similarities. Accordingly, whilst bovine α-S2 casein precursor fragments are preferred for use in the present invention, goat, sheep, rabbit and pig α-S2 casein fragments, or similar fragments from other species, may also be employed if desired.
The sequences for α-S2 casein precursors of goat, sheep, rabbit and pig origin are set out below.
[CAS2 CAPHl] α-S2 casein precursor (α-S2-CN)
SEQUENCE:
MKFFIFTCLL AVALAKHKME HVS S SEEPIN IFQEIYKQEK NMAIHPRKEK LCTTSCEEW
RNANEEEYSI RSS SEESAEV AP EEIKITVD DKHYQKALNE INQFYQKFPQ YLQYPYQGPI
VLNPWDQVKR NAGPFTPTVN REQLSTSEEN SKKTIDMEST EVFTKKTKLT EEEKNRLNFL
KKISQYYQKF AWPQYLKTVD QHQKAMKPWT QPKTNAIPYV RYL 223
>pir|S33881|S33881 α-S2 casein E - goat
SEQUENCE:
MKFFIFTCLL AVALAKHKME HVS S SEEPIN IFQEIYKQEK NMAIHPRKEK LCTTSCEEW
RNANEEEYSI RSSSEESAKV APEEIKITVD DKHYQKALNE INQFYQKFPQ YLQYPYQGPI
VLNPWDQVKR NAGPFTPTVN REQLSTSEEN SKKTIDMEST EVFTKKTKLT EEEKNRLNFL
KKISQYYQKF AWPQYLKTVD QHQKAMKPWT QPKTNAIPYV RYL 223
>gρ|S74171|S74171_l α-S2 casein C - capra hircus
SEQUENCE:
MKFFIFTCLL AVALAKHKME HVS SSEEPIN IFQEIYKQEK NMAIHPRKEK LCTTSCEEW
RNANEEEYSI RSSSEESAEV APEEIKITVD DKHYQKALNE INQFYQKFPQ YLQYPYQGPI
VLNPWDQVKR NAGPFTPTVN REQLSTSEEN SKKTIDMEST EVFTKKTKLT EEEKNRLNFL
KIISQYYQKF AWPQYLKTVD QHQKAMKPWT QPKTNAIPYV RYL 223
>pir|S39776|S39776 α-S2 casein form b precursor - rabbit
>gp|X76909|OCPAS2BCS_l pre-α-S2b casein (AA -15 to 167) Oryctolagus cuniculus SEQUENCE:
MKFFIFTCLL AVALAKPKIE QS S EETIAV SQEVSPNLEN IC STACEEPI KNINEVEYVE VPTEIKDQEF YQKVNLLQYL QALYQYPTVM DPWTRAETKA IPFIRTMQYK QEKDATKHTS QKTELTEEEK AFLKYLDEMK QYYQKFVFPQ YLKNAHHFQK TMNPWNHVKT IIYQVPTSL 179
[CAS2_SHEEP] α-S2 casein precursor - sheep
SEQUENCE:
MKFFIFTCLL AVALAKHKME HVSS SEEPIN ISQEIYKQEK NMAIHPRKEK LCTTSCEEW
RNADEEEYSI RSSSEESAEV APEEVKITVD DKHYQKALNE INQFYQKFPQ YLQYLYQGPI
VLNPWDQVKR NAGPFTPTVN REQLSTSEEN SKKTIDMEST EVFTKKTKLT EEEKNRLNFL
KKISQYYQKF AWPQYLKTVD QHQKAMKPWT QPKTNAIPYV RYL 223
[CAS2_PIG] α-S2 casein precursor - pig
SEQUENCE:
MKFFIFTCLL AVAFAKHEME HVSSSEESIN ISQEKYKQEK NVINHPSKED ICATSCEEAV
RNIKEVGYAS S S SSEESVDI PAENVKVTVE DKHYLKQLEK ISQFYQKFPQ YLQALYQAQI
VMNPWDQTKT SAYPFIPTVI QSGEELSTSE EPVSSSQEEN TKTVDESME EFTKKTELTE
EEKNRIKFLN KIKQYYQKFT WPQYIKTVHQ KQKAMKPWNH IKTN SY QIIP NLRYF 235
In three letter codes, these sequences translate to the following.
[CAS2 CAPHl] α-S2 casein precursor (α-S2-CN)
SEQUENCE:
Met Lys Phe H e Phe Phe Thr Cys Leu Leu
Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Lys His Lys Met Glu
His Val Ser Ser Ser Gly Gly Pro H e Asn
H e Phe Gin Glu H e Tyr Lys Gin Glu Lys
Asn Met Ala H e His Pro Arg Lys Glu Lys
Leu Cys Thr Thr Ser Cys Glu Glu Val Val
Arg Asn Ala Asn Glu Glu Glu Tyr Ser H e
Arg Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ala Glu Val
Ala Pro Glu Glu H e Lys H e Thr Val Asp
Asp Lys His Tyr Gin Lys Ala Leu Asn Glu
H e Asn Gin Phe Tyr Gin Lys Phe Pro Gin
Tyr Leu Gin Tyr Pro Tyr Gin Gly Pro H e
Val Leu Asn Pro Trp Asp Gin Val Lys Arg
Asn Ala Gly Pro Phe Thr Pro Thr Val Asn
Arg Glu Gin Leu Ser Thr Ser Glu Glu Asn
Ser Lys Lys Thr H e Asp Met Glu Ser Thr
Glu Val Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Lys Leu Thr
Glu Glu Glu Lys Asn Arg Leu Asn Phe Leu
Lys Lys H e Ser Gin Tyr Tyr Gin Lys Phe
Ala Trp Pro Gin Tyr Leu Lys Thr Val Asp
Gin His Gin Lys Ala Met Lys Pro Trp Thr
Gin Pro Lys Thr Asn Ala H e Pro Tyr Val
Arg Tyr Leu
>ρir|S33881|S33881 α-S2 casein E - goat
SEQUENCE:
-Met Lys Phe Phe H e Phe Thr Cys Leu Leu
Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Lys His Lys Met Glu
His Val Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Pro H e Asn
H e Phe Gin Glu H e Tyr Lys Gin Glu Lys
Asn Met Ala H e His Pro Arg Lys Glu Lys
Leu Cys Thr Thr Ser Cys Glu Glu Val Val
Arg Asn Ala Asn Glu Glu Glu Tyr Ser H e
Arg Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ala Lys Val
Ala Pro Glu Glu H e Lys H e Thr Val Asp
Asp Lys His Tyr Gin Lys Ala Leu Asn Glu
H e Asn Gin Phe Tyr Gin Lys Phe Pro Gin
Tyr Leu Gin Tyr Pro Tyr Gin Gly Pro H e
Val Leu Asn Pro Trp Asp Gin Val Lys Arg
Asn Ala Gly Pro Phe Thr Pro Thr Val Asn
Arg Glu Gin Leu Ser Thr Ser Glu Glu Asn
Ser Lys Lys Thr H e Asp Met Glu Ser Thr
Glu Val Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Lys Leu Thr
Glu Glu Glu Lys Asn Arg Leu Asn Phe Leu
Lys Lys H e Ser Gin Tyr Tyr Gin Lys Phe
Ala Trp Pro Gin Tyr Leu Lys Thr Val Asp
Gin His Gin Lys Ala Met Lys Pro Trp Thr
Gin Pro Lys Thr Asn Ala H e Pro Tyr Val
Arg Tyr Leu
>gp|S74171|S74171_l α-S2 casein C - capra hircus
SEQUENCE:
Met Lys Phe Phe H e Phe Thr Cys Leu Leu
Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Lys His Lys Met Glu
His Val Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Pro H e Asn
H e Phe Gin Glu H e Tyr Lys Gin Glu Lys
Asn Met Ala H e His Pro Arg Lys Glu Lys
Leu Cys Thr Thr Ser Cys Glu Glu Val Val
Arg Asn Ala Asn Glu Glu Glu Tyr Ser H e
Arg Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ala Glu Val
Ala Pro Glu Glu H e Lys H e Thr Val Asp
Asp Lys His Tyr Gin Lys Ala Leu Asn Glu
H e Asn Gin Phe Tyr Gin Lys Phe Pro Gin
Tyr Leu Gin Tyr Pro Tyr Gin Gly Pro H e
Val Leu Asn Pro Trp Asp Gin Val Lys Arg
Asn Ala Gly Pro Phe Thr Pro Thr Val Asn
Arg Glu Gin Leu Ser Thr Ser Glu Glu Asn
S er Lys Lys Thr H e Asp Met Glu Ser Thr
Glu Val Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Lys Leu Thr
Glu Glu Glu Lys Asn Arg Leu Asn Phe Leu
Lys H e H e Ser Gin Tyr Tyr Gin Lys Phe
Ala Trp Pro Gin Tyr Leu Lys Thr Val Asp
Gin His Gin Lys Ala Met Lys Pro Trp Thr
Gin Pro Lys Thr Asn Ala H e Pro Tyr Val
Arg Tyr Leu
>pir|S39776|S39776 α-S2 casein form b precursor - rabbit
>gp|X76909|OCPAS2BCS_l pre-α-S2b casein (AA -15 to 167) Oryctolagus cuniculus
SEQUENCE:
Met Lys Phe Phe H e Phe Thr Cys Leu Leu
Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Lys Pro Lys 11 e Glu
Gin Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Thr H e Ala Val
Ser Gin Glu Val Ser Pro Asn Leu Glu Asn
H e Cys Ser Thr Ala Cys Glu Glu Pro H e
Lys Asn 11 e Asn Glu Val Glu Tyr Val Glu
Val Pro Thr Glu H e Lys Asp Gin Glu Phe
Tyr Gin Lys Val Asn Leu Leu Gin Tyr Leu
Gin Ala Leu Tyr Gin Tyr Pro Thr Val Met
Asp Pro Trp Thr Arg Ala Glu Thr Lys Ala
H e Pro Phe H e Arg Thr Met Gin Tyr Lys
Gin Glu Lys Asp Ala Thr Lys His Thr Ser
Gin Lys Thr Glu Leu Thr Glu Glu Glu Lys
Ala Phe Leu Lys Tyr Leu Asp Glu Met Lys
Gin Tyr Tyr Gin Lys Phe Val Phe Pro Gin
Tyr Leu Lys Asn Ala His His Phe Gin Lys
Thr Met Asn Pro Trp Asn His Val Lys Thr
H e H e Tyr Gin Ser Val Pro Thr Leu
[CAS2_SHEEP] α-S2 casein precursor - sheep
SEQUENCE:
Met Lys Phe Phe H e Phe Thr Cys Leu Leu
Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Lys His Lys Met Glu
His Val Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Pro H e Asn
H e Ser Gin Glu H e Tyr Lys Gin Glu Lys
Asn Met Ala H e His Pro Arg Lys Glu Lys
Leu Cys Thr Thr Ser Cys Glu Glu Val Val
Arg Asn Ala Asp Glu Glu Glu Tyr Ser H e
Arg Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ala Glu Val
Ala Pro Glu Glu Val Lys H e Thr Val Asp
Asp Lys His Tyr Gin Lys Ala Leu Asn Glu
H e Asn Gin Phe Tyr Gin Lys Phe Pro Gin
Tyr Leu Gin Tyr Leu Tyr Gin Gly Pro H e
Val Leu Asn Pro Trp Asp Gin Val Lys Arg
Asn Ala Gly Pro Phe Thr Pro Thr Val Asn
Arg Glu Gin Leu Ser Thr Ser Glu Glu Asn
Ser Lys Lys Thr H e Asp Met Glu Ser Thr
Glu Val Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Lys Leu Thr
Glu Glu Glu Lys Asn Arg Leu Asn Phe Leu
Lys Lys H e Ser Gin Tyr Tyr Gin Lys Phe
Ala Trp Pro Gin Tyr Leu Lys Thr Val Asp
Gin His Gin Lys Ala Met Lys Pro Trp Thr
Gin Pro Lys Thr Asn Ala H e Pro Tyr Val
Arg Tyr Leu
[CAS2_PIG] α-S2 casein precursor - pig
SEQUENCE:
Met Lys Phe Phe H e Phe Thr Cys Leu Leu
Ala Val Ala Phe Ala Lys His Glu Met Glu
His Val Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser H e Asp
H e Ser Gin Glu Lys Tyr Lys Gin Glu Lys
Asn Val H e Asn His Pro Ser Lys Glu Asp
H e Cys Ala Thr Ser Cys Glu Glu Ala Val
Arg Asn H e Lys Glu Val Glu Tyr Ala Ser
Ser Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Val Asp H e
Pro Ala Glu Asn Val Lys Val Thr Val Glu
Asp Lys His Tyr Leu Lys Gh Leu Glu Lys
H e Ser Gin Phe Tyr Gin Lys Phe Pro Gin
Tyr Leu Gin Ala Leu Tyr Gin Ala Gin H e
Val Met Asn Pro Trp Asp Gin Thr Lys Thr
Ser Ala Tyr Pro Phe H e Pro Thr Val H e
Gin Ser Gly Glu Glu Leu Ser Thr Ser Glu
Glu Pro Val Ser Ser Ser Gin Glu Glu Asn
Thr Lys Thr Val Asp Met Glu Ser Met Glu
Glu Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Glu Leu Thr Glu
Glu Glu Lys Asn Arg H e Lys Phe Leu Asn
Lys H e Lys Gin Tyr Tyr Gin Lys Phe Thr
Trp Pro Gin Tyr H e Lys Thr Val His Gin
Lys Gin Lys Ala Met Lys Pro Trp Asn His
H e Lys Thr Asn Ser Tyr Gin H e H e Pro
Asn Leu Arg Tyr Phe
Furthermore, due to the similar nature of some amino acids it is possible to interchange some amino acids without affecting the functioning of the sequence. Accordingly leucine, isoleucine and valine may be interchanged. In addition tyrosine and phenylalanine may also be interchanged, as may arginine and lysine.
The invention will now be discussed in more detail. The invention preferably relates to -S2 casein precursor fragments, and more preferably to the peptides referred to in WO 97/16460, for use as a cosmetic product, preferably in a cream or lotion, for reducing an aging effect in skin, such as wrinkles. The invention is preferably applicable to human skin, but may if desired be applied to other skin such as mammalian skin generally.
The invention also relates to the a-S2 casein precursor fragments mentioned above for use as a prophylactic agent or treatment agent for periodontal disease. This preferably relates to such diseases in humans, but may also apply to such diseases in mammalian gums generally if desired. The agent may be in any suitable form, such as a topical agent (e.g. a toothpaste for cleaning the teeth and/or gums) or a chewing gum.
The peptides may be used as a pure product, or may conveniently be supplied as an enriched natural preparation from milk by following the protocols described in WO 97/16460 as far as (and including) the hydrophobic interaction chromatography step. Alternatively, cheese whey may be used in place of the acid (milk) whey.
The peptides may be used alone, or in combination with acceptable (in some cases pharmaceutically acceptable) additives and/or excipients useful for formulating topical compositions, toothpastes, or chewing gums. Additives for topical agents may include, for example, moisturising agents and/or other agents beneficial to the skin, such as all or any of vitamins A, C, D and E, that are used to beneficial effect to prevent/reverse the aging of skin.
Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the basis of the invention is that the peptides stimulate the growth of fibroblasts, the cells that underlie the surface of the skin and which are responsible for the synthesis of collagen, which in turn determines the thickness and smoothness of the skin. The peptides, as well as stimulating the growth of the fibroblasts, stimulate the synthesis and secretion of collagen. Furthermore, it is also believed that the peptides and derivatives used in the present invention also stimulate the growth of keratinocytes, which aid in the formation and regeneration of the skin surface.
The peptides used in the present invention appear to fulfil the equivalent role in bovine milk that EGF does in other species. The present inventors have surprisingly discovered that these peptides are effective as anti-periodontal disease agents and anti-aging agents and are more effective than known products. A further advantage of the peptides used in the present invention is that whilst they have an efficacy similar to, or are superior to, EGF they are regarded as being 'natural products' (being milk-derived) and because they have essentially no full protein content, they are not allergenic.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, in the manufacture of a medicament effective in alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, wherein the peptide has an α-S2 casein fragment activity. Thus the peptide may be an α-S2 casein precursor fragment, as described in detail above, or can be a related molecule having a similar activity, such as a homologue.
In a related aspect, the present invention also provides use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, in the manufacture of a medicament effective in alleviating or preventing periodontal disease, wherein the peptide has an α-S2 casein fragment activity. Thus, as in the related aspect, the peptide may be an α-S2 casein precursor fragment, as described in detail above, or can be a related molecule having a similar activity, such as a homologue.
Preferably the peptide used in the present invention is capable of stimulating the growth of fibroblasts. It is also preferred that the peptide is capable of stimulating fibroblasts to produce collagen. It is further preferred that the peptide is capable of stimulating growth in keratinocytes.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a cosmetic method for alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, which method comprises treating a subject with a peptide, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor. The peptide is preferably a specific peptide as discussed in detail above, but alternatively may be an α-S2 casein precursor fragment, or a related molecule having a similar activity, such as a homologue.
In a still further aspect, the present invention provides a topical composition for alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, comprising a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor. The peptide is preferably a specific peptide as discussed in detail above, but alternatively may be an α-S2 casein precursor fragment, or a related molecule having a similar activity, such as a homologue.
hi a related aspect, the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for alleviating or preventing periodontal disease, comprising a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor. Again, the peptide is preferably a specific peptide as discussed in detail above, but alternatively may be an α-S2 casein precursor fragment, or a related molecule having a similar activity, such as a homologue.
The invention will be further described by way of example only with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Examples
Example 1 - Preparation of Standardised Natural Product from Cheese Whey
This procedure covers the methods for the collection, preparation and storage of Standardised Natural Product (SNP) from cheese whey. Typically, this procedure is used for small-scale preparation of SNP, such as for research and development purposes. However, the procedure can be scaled up as desired for commercial production according to known techniques.
Collection and storage of cheese whey
Approximately 40 1 of fresh clarified cheese whey was obtained from DewLay cheese manufacturing plant (Garstang, Lancashire). The whey was collected in clean containers and immediately transported to Pepsyn Central Manufacturing Facility (Liverpool).
Whey was either refrigerated for processing the following day or the whey was frozen at -20° C in shallow 2 1 containers until required.
Thawing of cheese whey
Frozen whey was thawed by placing a 2 1 block of whey in a plastic bag and immersing it in hot running water. Thawing was completed in less than 10 mins and the temperature of the melting whey was maintained below 10°C.
Salting out
The pH of the whey was adjusted to 3.0 using concentrated HC1. To each litre of whey, 220 g of (NH4)2SO4 (BDH, AnalaR grade) was slowly added over a period of 30 mins whilst stirring. It was left to equilibrate for a further lhr 30 mins without stirring, and then centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 40 mins using a SorvallRC-5B centrifuge and associated GS-3 rotor (DuPont Instruments), which were pre-equilibrated to an operating temperature of between 4 and 10°C. To each litre of supernatant recovered, 130 g of (NH4)2SO4 was added, and left to equilibrate and centrifuged as described above. The supernatant was discarded and the pellet was redissolved in distilled water (400 ml for each litre of whey started with). This was dialysed with visking tubing MWCO 12,000 to 14,000 daltons (Medicell Int. Ltd, UK) against running tap water overnight and then with 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer at pH 6.0 for 7 hr with one change of buffer. The dialysed salt-cut was collected and either refrigerated for processing the following day or frozen (-20°C) until required.
Cation exchange chromatography
Dialysed cheese whey salt-cut was run on cation-exchange chromatography, at 4°C with a mobile phase of 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.0. Protein was eluted using a linear salt gradient of 100 to 700 mM NaCl provided by a gradient mixer (Pharmacia gradient mixer GM-1). The progress of the run was monitored at 280 nm using a UV monitor (Uvicord S II, Pharmacia).
A cation exchange column (Pharmacia XK50series, 50 mm i.d.) was prepared with CM52 carboxymethyl (Whatman) to a packed bed height of 15 cm. This was equilibrated with 500 ml of buffer solution. Dialysed cheese whey salt cut (400 ml) was loaded on the column at a flow rate of 2.5 ml/min and then washed overnight with 500 ml of 50 mM NaCl in buffer at a flow rate of about 0.5 ml/min. A 500 ml linear gradient of 100 to 700 mM NaCl in buffer was applied at a 2.0 ml/min and fractions were collected every 25 ml and numbered sequentially. The column was then washed with 300 ml of 2M NaCl in buffer. Collected fractions were tested for growth promoting activity. This was typically observed in fraction numbers 11 and 12 that contained lactoferrin, and also in the fractions just before and after these (see Fig. 1). Because lactoferrin gave a brown appearance to the fractions then this was used as a visual marker for activity. The mean estimated concentration of NaCl in each of the collected fractions is given in Table 1. All fractions were frozen until required for the next chromatographic step.
Table 1. Concentration of NaCl in each fraction from CM52 run.
Fraction Estimated NaCl (mM) Fraction Estimated NaCl (mM)
5 115 15 415
6 145 16 445
7 175 17 475
8 205 18 505
9 235 19 535
10 265 20 565
11 295 21 595
12 325 22 625
13 355 23 655
14 385 24 685
N.B. Between the column inlet and outlet there was approximately 100 ml excluded volume. Therefore fraction 1 to 4 contained 50 mM NaCl from the wash buffer.
Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography
Active fractions from cation exchange chromatography were run on hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). This was performed at room temperature with a mobile phase of 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer at pH 6.5. Protein was eluted using a
linear salt gradient of 4 to 0 M NaCl provided by a gradient mixer (Pharmacia gradient mixer GM-1). The progress of the run was monitored at 280 nm using a UV monitor (Uvicord S II, Pharmacia).
A HIC column (Pharmacia C series, 26 mm i.d.) was prepared with Butyl Sepharose 4 Fast Flow (Pharmacia) to give a packed bed height of 15 cm. The column was equilibrated overnight with 250 ml of 4 M NaCl in buffer at a flow rate of 0.25 ml/min.
The active fractions from several cation exchange chromatography runs were pooled together to give between 100 and 200 ml of sample. The mean concentration of NaCl in this sample was calculated from the estimated concentrations of NaCl in the constituent fractions (Table 1). Solid NaCl was then slowly added to the sample to make it 3.7 M, and the pH was adjusted to 6.5. Sample was loaded on the column at 2.0 ml/min. A 500 ml eluting gradient of 4 M to 0 M NaCl was applied and fractions were collected every 25 ml and numbered sequentially. The column was then washed with 250 ml of buffer followed by 250 ml of water.
Collected fractions were tested for growth promoting activity. This was typically observed in fraction numbers 10 to 13, which were the fractions that eluted just before the brown lactoferrin fractions (see Fig. 2). Active fractions were pooled, extensively dialysed against distilled water and freeze-dried.
Example 2 - Demonstration that SNP increases collagen synthesis in fibroblasts
Rama 27 rat mammary cells were grown to confluence, and their rate of synthesis of collagen was measured using the method of M. J. Warburton, S. A. Ferns, and P. S. Rudland, Experimental Cell Research, 137, 373-380 (1982). The rates of collagen synthesis as estimated by the incorporation of [3H]proline into hydroxyproline are set out in Table 2 below:
Table 2. Rates of collagen synthesis
Concentration of SNP Cellular HO-proline Secreted HO-proline
(mg/ml) (cpm) (cpm)
0 53 54
0.2 271 233
0.4 232 327
0.6 321 663
Adding up to 0.6 mg/ml of SNP gives rise to an approximate 12-fold increase in the secretion of collagen - from 54 cpm to 663 cpm. This also gives rise to an approximate doubling in the ratio of synthesised collagen that is secreted to that which is retained in the cell - from 54:53 (1:1) to 663:321 (2:1).
Example 3 - Demonstration of the effect of SNP on the growth of keratinocytes
Human keratinocytes (HatKat) were grown in keratinocyte growth medium (TCS Cellworks Ltd.) until 20 % confluence. Then, in the same medium, the keratinocytes were grown for three days with 0.5 % foetal calf serum (FCS), at which point the cells were counted in a Coulter® counter. The cell numbers obtained are set out in Table 3 below.
Table 3. Cell numbers
Conditions of growth Number of cells
Medium with 0.5 % FCS 23,777 Medium with 0.5 % FCS + 10 ng/ml EGF 29,356 Medium with 0.5 % FCS + 0.6 mg/ml SNP 68,719
This shows that the presence of SNP gives rise to an approximate 3 -fold increase in the growth of keratinocytes - from 23,777 to 68,719. This compares with a relatively modest increase with the use of 10 ng/ml EGF.
These results clearly demonstrate the collagen producing activity and growth promoting activity of the peptides used in the present invention.
Claims (32)
1. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, in the manufacture of a medicament effective in alleviating or preventing periodontal disease, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
2. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, in the manufacture of a medicament effective in alleviating or preventing periodontal disease, wherein the peptide has an α-S2 casein fragment activity.
3. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, in the manufacture of a medicament effective in alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
4. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, in the manufacture of a medicament effective in alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, wherein the peptide has an α-S2 casein fragment activity.
5. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide comprises 9 or more amino acids.
6. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide comprises from 9-31 amino acids.
7. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide comprises the C-terminus of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
8. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide is derived from bovine, goat, sheep, rabbit or pig α-S2 casein or is a synthesised equivalent or homologue thereof.
9. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the following sequences:
LysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu;
ThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu;
LysThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu;
ProLysThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu
GlnProLysThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu
AlaMetLysProTrpIleGlnProLysThrLysVallleProTyrValArgTyrLeu; and
ProGmTyrLeuLysThrValTyrGlnHisGlnLysAlaMetLysProTrpIleGlnProLysThrLysVallle
ProTyrValArgTyrLeu.
10. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide comprises a peptide homologue in which:
(a) one or more of the amino acids Leu, He and Val are replaced by one another; and/or
(b) one or more of the amino acids Tyr and Phe are replaced by one another; and/or
(c) one or more of the amino acids Arg and Lys are replaced by one another.
11. Use according to any of claims 3-10, wherein the effect of aging is wrinkling of the skin.
12. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide is capable of stimulating the growth of fibroblasts.
13. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide is capable of stimulating fibroblasts to produce collagen.
14. Use according to any preceding claim, wherein the peptide is capable of stimulating the growth of keratinocytes.
15. A cosmetic method for alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, which method comprises treating a subject with a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
16. A cosmetic method for alleviating or preventing an aging effect in skin, which method comprises treating a subject with a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, having an α-S2 casein fragment activity.
17. A method according to claim 15 or claim 16, wherein the peptide comprises a peptide as defined in any of claims 5-10.
18. A topical composition for alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, comprising a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
19. A topical composition for alleviating or preventing an effect of aging in skin, comprising a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, having an α-S2 casein fragment activity.
20. A composition according to claim 18 or claim 19, which is a cosmetic composition.
21. A composition according to any of claims 18-20, wherein the peptide comprises a peptide as defined in any of claims 5-10.
22. A pharmaceutical composition for alleviating or preventing periodontal disease, comprising a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
23. A pharmaceutical composition for alleviating or preventing periodontal disease, comprising a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, having an α-S2 casein fragment activity.
24. A composition according to claim 22 or claim 23, which is in the form of a toothpaste or a gum for chewing.
25. A composition according to any of claims 22-24, wherein the peptide comprises a peptide as defined in any of claims 5-10.
26. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, for manufacturing a medicament effective in stimulating the growth of fibroblasts, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
27. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, for manufacturing a medicament effective in stimulating the growth of fibroblasts, wherein the peptide has an α-S2 casein fragment activity.
28. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, for manufacturing a medicament effective in stimulating fibroblasts to produce collagen, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full α-S2 casein precursor.
29. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, for manufacturing a medicament effective in stimulating fibroblasts to produce collagen, wherein the peptide has an α-S2 casein fragment activity.
30. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, for manufacturing a medicament effective in stimulating the growth of keratinocytes, wherein the peptide comprises an amino acid sequence present in an α-S2 casein precursor, said sequence comprising 3 or more amino acids, and not comprising at its N-terminus the N-terminal amino acid of the full -S2 casein precursor.
31. Use of a peptide, or a derivative of a peptide, for manufacturing a medicament effective in stimulating the growth of keratinocytes, wherein the peptide has an α-S2 casein fragment activity.
32. Use according to any of claims 26-31, wherein the peptide comprises a peptide as defined in any of claims 5-10.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0016189.3A GB0016189D0 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2000-06-30 | Cosmetic composition |
| GB0016189.3 | 2000-06-30 | ||
| PCT/GB2001/002601 WO2002002133A2 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-06-13 | Peptide composition for treatment of periodontal diseases and prevention of skin aging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2001264102A1 true AU2001264102A1 (en) | 2002-04-11 |
| AU2001264102B2 AU2001264102B2 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| AU6410201A Pending AU6410201A (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-06-13 | Peptide composition |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU6410201A Pending AU6410201A (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2001-06-13 | Peptide composition |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7579315B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1317274B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004501976A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100536911C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE409493T1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU2001264102B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2412836A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60135996D1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0016189D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002002133A2 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0209384D0 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2002-06-05 | Pepsyn Ltd | Peptide composition |
| AU2003299568B2 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2010-07-22 | Ampio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Treatment of diseases and conditions mediated by increased phosphorylation |
| AU2006239559B2 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2010-09-02 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Peptides having an ace inhibiting effect |
| AU2006239562B2 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2010-12-23 | Unilever Plc | Compositions comprising tripeptides inhibiting ace |
| ES2319475B1 (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2010-02-16 | Consejo Superior Investig. Cientificas | BIOACTIVE PEPTIDES IDENTIFIED IN ENZYMATIC HYDROLYZES OF LACTEE CASEINS AND PROCEDURE OF OBTAINING. |
| GB0525958D0 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2006-02-01 | Ares Trading Sa | Casein-like secreted protein |
| US20080311058A1 (en) * | 2007-06-18 | 2008-12-18 | Connopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever | Stable high internal phase emulsions and compositions comprising the same |
| EP2371375A4 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2013-01-02 | Calpis Co Ltd | PEPTIDE FOR INHIBITING SKIN AGING |
| US8821839B2 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2014-09-02 | Conopco, Inc. | Compositions and methods for imparting a sunless tan with a vicinal diamine |
| US8398959B2 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2013-03-19 | Conopco, Inc. | Compositions and methods for imparting a sunless tan with functionalized adjuvants |
| US8961942B2 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2015-02-24 | Conopco, Inc. | Sunless tanning compositions with adjuvants comprising sulfur comprising moieties |
| US9138455B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-22 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Activating adiponectin by casein hydrolysate |
| US9352020B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-05-31 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Reducing proinflammatory response |
| US8889633B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-11-18 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Nutritional compositions containing a peptide component with anti-inflammatory properties and uses thereof |
| US9289461B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-03-22 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Reducing the risk of autoimmune disease |
| JP6739730B2 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2020-08-12 | 株式会社田中造園土木 | Pharmaceutical composition for promoting skin and bone activation and process for producing the same |
| CN119320440A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2025-01-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Antibacterial peptide and application thereof |
| CN117964692B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-11-29 | 杭州康源食品科技有限公司 | A pentapeptide with sleep-promoting activity and its application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3558770A (en) * | 1967-09-01 | 1971-01-26 | Kraftco Corp | Wound treating composition employing an enzyme modified casein |
| US5086164A (en) * | 1989-01-10 | 1992-02-04 | Repligen Corporation | Novel methods and compositions for treatment of angiogenic diseases |
| JPH03255095A (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1991-11-13 | Kanebo Ltd | Casein peptide |
| FR2673374A1 (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-09-04 | Oreal | COSMETIC COMPOSITION CONTAINING AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT A PEPTIDE WITH OPIOUID ACTIVITY. |
| JPH06211689A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1994-08-02 | Kanebo Ltd | Sedative and ataractic food |
| US5965536A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1999-10-12 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Methods of inhibiting CXC intercrine molecules |
| US6241753B1 (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 2001-06-05 | Thermage, Inc. | Method for scar collagen formation and contraction |
| US5851522A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-12-22 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Enhancing keratinocyte migration |
| GB9522302D0 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1996-01-03 | Univ Liverpool | Growth promoters |
| CA2296311A1 (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-07-28 | Universite Laval | Enzymatic hydrolysate of milk proteins |
-
2000
- 2000-06-30 GB GBGB0016189.3A patent/GB0016189D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-06-13 AU AU2001264102A patent/AU2001264102B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-06-13 CA CA002412836A patent/CA2412836A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-13 CN CNB018118615A patent/CN100536911C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-13 WO PCT/GB2001/002601 patent/WO2002002133A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-06-13 DE DE60135996T patent/DE60135996D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-13 AT AT01938424T patent/ATE409493T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-06-13 JP JP2002506754A patent/JP2004501976A/en active Pending
- 2001-06-13 AU AU6410201A patent/AU6410201A/en active Pending
- 2001-06-13 EP EP01938424A patent/EP1317274B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-13 US US10/312,698 patent/US7579315B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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