AU1664492A - Method of improving the elution yield of a radioisotope generator - Google Patents
Method of improving the elution yield of a radioisotope generatorInfo
- Publication number
- AU1664492A AU1664492A AU16644/92A AU1664492A AU1664492A AU 1664492 A AU1664492 A AU 1664492A AU 16644/92 A AU16644/92 A AU 16644/92A AU 1664492 A AU1664492 A AU 1664492A AU 1664492 A AU1664492 A AU 1664492A
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- eluent
- reservoir
- air
- inlet opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-AKLPVKDBSA-N Molybdenum Mo-99 Chemical group [99Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-AKLPVKDBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229950009740 molybdenum mo-99 Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-OUBTZVSYSA-N Technetium-99 Chemical group [99Tc] GKLVYJBZJHMRIY-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940056501 technetium 99m Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940039227 diagnostic agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000032 diagnostic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037273 Pathologic Processes Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009054 pathological process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- -1 propanol or ethanol Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005258 radioactive decay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000163 radioactive labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21G—CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
- G21G4/00—Radioactive sources
- G21G4/04—Radioactive sources other than neutron sources
- G21G4/06—Radioactive sources other than neutron sources characterised by constructional features
- G21G4/08—Radioactive sources other than neutron sources characterised by constructional features specially adapted for medical application
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Description
Method of improving the elution yield of a radioisotope generator.
The present invention relates to a method of improving the elution yield of a radioisotope generator, comprising a column containing carrier material adapted to adsorb a parent isotope, said column including an inlet opening and an outlet opening, said outlet opening being connected via an eluate conduit to a tapping point, where a liquid eluate containing a daughter radioisotope can be obtained, said inlet opening being connected via an eluent conduit to an eluent reservoir, said reservoir being provided with an inlet opening for air suppletion to the generator during elution thereof.
Radioisotope generators are devices used in obtaining a solution of a daughter radioisotope such as technetium-99m from an adsorbed parent radioisotope such as molybdenum-99 which produces the daughter radioisotope upon radioactive decay. The solution of the daughter radioisotope may be used for radiodiagnoεtic purposes.
Conventionally, radioisotope generators include a column containing the parent radioisotope adsorbed on a carrier material such as an anion exchange medium or another medium such as alumina which has a relatively high adsorptive capacity for the parent radioisotope but a relatively low adsorptive capacity for the daughter radioisotope. To obtain the desired daughter radioisotope, the column is eluted by washing with a suitable solvent or eluent such as a saline solution. The resulting eluate containing the daughter radioisotope in the form of a dissolved salt is useful as a diagnostic agent, for example, and can then be used for intravenous administration.
To obtain a quantity of the eluate from the generator in a simple and safe manner, a reservoir containing a quantity of eluent can be connected to the inflow side of the column and an evacuated elution vial can be connected to the outflow side of the column at a tapping point on the generator. The vacuum in the vial draws the eluent from the reservoir, through the column and into the vial, thereby eluting the daughter radioisotope from the column.
More in particular, the present invention relates to a method of improving the elution yield of a radioisotope generator, as described above, wherein the column of the radioisotope generator contains a carrier material which at least substantially consists of alumina, wherein the parent isotope is molybdenum-99, wherein the daughter isotope is technetium-99m, and wherein the eluent is a saline solution, preferably a physiological saline solution. The eluate produced by such a Mo99-Tc99m generator can indeed be used directly as a diagnostic agent and can then be administered intravenously to enable imaging of the organ or of the pathological process in which the radioactivity has been accumulated (scanning) . Generally, however, the eluate is not suitable for selective radioactive labelling of the target organ or tissue. For this purpose one needs labelled substances, such as phosphonates, colloids, complex-forming ligands, peptides and biological macromolecules, e.g. proteins, etc., having a large target organ specificity. Therefore, the eluate of a Mo99-Tc99m generator is usually adapted for the labelling of suitable substances. Such a labelling procedure is generally so simple, that the user can perform his or her own labelling reaction in the clinic or clinical laboratory. For this purpose the substance to be labelled can be at the user's disposal in the form of a so-
called cold kit. The eluate can easily be obtained by the user from the Mo99-Tc99m generator available for this purpose.
It is common practice to use a Mo99-Tc99m generator for the above purposes, wherein the column contains as a carrier material alumina provided with a small content of hydrated manganese dioxide. Such a generator is disclosed e.g. in U.S. patent 3,970,583. The hydrated managanese dioxide present on the carrier material normally has a favourable influence on the elution yield, viz. generally the elution yield is improved and fluctuations in the elution yield are avoided by applying such a modified alumina as a carrier material. It has been observed, however, that by employing this usually applied carrier material in a Mo99-Tc99m generator, the eluate thus obtained may contain several impurities which cause problems, in particular when used for the labelling of certain substances as defined above. These labelling problems are expressed in low and/or fluctuating labelling yields. To avoid these problems, one has resorted to the use of unmodified alumina as a carrier material for the column of a radioisotope generator. Indeed, this has a favourable effect on the labelling yield, but in practice the improvement is not sufficient, because it results in irreproducible elution yields of the generator.
Consequently, the users of radioisotope generators continue to complain of the inexplicably fluctuating elution yields.
It is the object of the present invention to provide a method of improving the elution yield of a radioisotope generator, including avoidance of fluctuations in these elution yields, as defined in the opening paragraph, and still yielding an eluate with a high purity.
This object can be achieved according to the present invention, in that during elution of the generator air is supplied to the eluent reservoir, which air has a minimized alcohol content. Surprisingly it has been found, that the presence of even small traces of alcohol, such as propanol or ethanol, can dramatically influence the elution yield. Alcohol, in particular propanol, may be employed during assemblage of the generator and is usually employed in a clinic or clinical laboratory for cleaning and sterilizing purposes. It therefore stands to reason, that the air, to which the radioisotope generator is exposed, nearly always comprises traces of alcohol. Upon use of the generator, as described above, this alcohol-contaminated air enters the eluent reservoir and consequently the generator. Apparently these small traces of alcohol are sufficient to derange the elution, resulting in a low and/or fluctuating elution yield.
It will be clear from the above, that the method is in particular applicable to a Mo99-Tc99m generator, i.e. a radioisotope generator of which the column contains a carrier material which at least substantially consists of alumina, wherein the parent isotope is molybdenum-99, wherein the daughter isotope is technetium-99m, and wherein the eluent is a saline solution, preferably a physiological saline solution. It has been observed, that by using the method of the present invention, a high and constant elution yield is guaranteed during the whole elution period, even when unmodified alumina is used as a carrier for the parent isotope molybdenum-99.
The extent to which the alcohol content in the air to be supplied to the eluent reservoir should be reduced depends on the frequency of use of the generator and consequently on the quantity of supplied air per time unit. Preferably the
alcohol content of the air to be supplied should be reduced to such an extent, that the alcohol concentration in the eluent never can reach a value of 0.1^1/ml, preferably of 0.05 /.I/ml. This will be demonstrated in a model example attached.
In practice, the alcohol content of the air to be supplied to the eluent reservoir can easily be reduced by using a suitable filter means. A suitable filter means for this purpose is an active-carbon filter, either in the form of active-carbon granules contained in a filter housing, or in the form of an active-carbon filter plate framed in a holder.
The present invention also relates to a radioisotope generator as defined hereinbefore, said generator being characterized in that it comprises filter means suitable for reducing the alcohol content of the air to be supplied to the eluent reservoir during elution of the generator. A suitable filter means comprises an active carbon filter, as stated above. The filter means is preferably sealingly connected to the inlet opening of the eluent reservoir to avoid any inward leakage of alcohol-contaminated air during elution. Normally the inlet opening of the eluent reservoir is equally provided with a bacteria filter to keep the generator in a sterile condition. In a favourable embodiment, the filter means to be used according to the invention is connected between the eluent reservoir and the bacteria filter.
The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the following specific examples.
EXAMPLE 1
Model experiments with respect to the elution yield relative to the propanol content of the eluent.
The influence of propanol in the eluent (0.9 % aqueous NaCl- solution) on the elution yield is determined, both in a Mo99- Tc99m generator with an unmodified A1203-packed column, and in the same generator with a hydr.-Mn02 modified A1203- packed column. The experiments are performed by dissolving the indicated quantity of propanol into the eluent and by then using said ■■alcohol-contaminated" eluent for eluting the generator. The results of the first five elutions (El.l to El.5) are recorded in Table A below.
EXAMPLE II
Influence of propanol, introduced under the elution cover of a radioisotope generator, on the elution yield
Propanol, in an amount of 0.5 ml, is introduced under the elution cover of a radioisotope generator, so in the proximity of the inlet opening of the eluent reservoir. The Mo99-Tc99m generator used has been provided with an unmodified Al 03-packed column. After the second elution another 0.5 ml quantity of propanol is introduced under the elution cover of the generator. The results of the next elution are recorded in Table B below, both in the absence and in the presence of an active-carbon filter.
Table B
FIGURES
In the accompanying figures suitable embodiments of filter holders, which can be used in the radioisotope of the invention, are shown, both in longitudinal sectional view. The holder shown in Fig. 1 is adapted to accommodate active- carbon granules. This holder comprises a filter housing 10, to the upper edge of which a cover 11 has been clamped, both parts being manufactured from a synthetic material. At the side opposite the cover, the housing is
provided with a means for a sealing connection to the inlet opening of the eluent reservoir of a radioisotope generator. This connection means is formed as a luer lock cone 12 and is integrated with the housing of the holder. The cover can be removed from the housing to allow the holder to be filled with active-carbon granules. Upon use in a generator, the air to be supplied to the eluent reservoir is admitted to the holder through the bores 13, recessed in the cover, passes the active-carbon granules and leaves the housing through a bore 14, provided in the bottom thereof. The holder further comprises a centring skirt 15 and strengthening ribs 16. The holder 20 shown in Fig. 2 is adapted to accommodate an active-carbon filter plate to be clamped within the holder between the upper (21) and lower (22) edges thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A method of improving the elution yield of a radioisotope generator, comprising a column containing carrier material adapted to adsorb a parent isotope, said column including an inlet opening and an outlet opening, said outlet opening being connected via an eluate conduit to a tapping point, where a liquid eluate containing a daughter radioisotope can be obtained, said inlet opening being connected via an eluent conduit to an eluent reservoir, said reservoir being provided with an inlet opening for air suppletion to the generator during elution thereof, said method being characterized, in that during elution of the generator air is supplied to the eluent reservoir, which air has a minimized alcohol content.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the column of the radioisotope generator contains a carrier material which at least substantially consists of alumina, wherein the parent isotope is molybdenum-99, wherein the daughter isotope is technetium-99m, and wherein the eluent is a saline solution, preferably a physiological saline solution.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during elution of the generator air is supplied to the eluent reservoir, the alcohol content of which is reduced to such an extent, that the alcohol concentration in the eluent never can reach a value of 0.1 cl/ml, preferably of 0.05 μ-1/ml.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the alcohol content in the air to be supplied to the eluent reservoir is reduced by using a suitable filter means.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the alcohol content in the air to be supplied to the eluent reservoir is reduced by using an active-carbon filter.
6. A radioisotope generator, comprising a column containing carrier material adapted to adsorb a parent isotope, said column including an inlet opening and an outlet opening, said outlet opening being connected via an eluate conduit to a tapping point, where a liquid eluate containing a daughter radioisotope can be obtained, said inlet opening being connected via an eluent conduit to an eluent reservoir, said reservoir being provided with an inlet opening for air suppletion to the generator during elution thereof, said generator being characterized in that it comprises filter means suitable for reducing the alcohol content of the air to be supplied to the eluent reservoir during elution of the generator.
7. A generator as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the filter means comprises an active-carbon filter.
8. A generator as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the filter means is sealingly connected to the inlet opening of the eluent reservoir.
9. A generator as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the filter means is connected between the eluent reservoir and a bacteria filter, equally sealingly connected to the inlet opening of the eluent reservoir.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91200555 | 1991-03-14 | ||
| EP91200555 | 1991-03-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU1664492A true AU1664492A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
Family
ID=8207552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU16644/92A Abandoned AU1664492A (en) | 1991-03-14 | 1992-03-13 | Method of improving the elution yield of a radioisotope generator |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0575531A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07505707A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1664492A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2104386A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992016949A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010061613A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-05 | Holger Blum | Process for the aerobic purification of wastewater |
| US11286172B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2022-03-29 | BWXT Isotope Technology Group, Inc. | Metal-molybdate and method for making the same |
| CN113351017B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-04-08 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Extraction device for gaseous iodine in loop for producing iodine-125 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL165872C (en) * | 1973-02-20 | 1981-05-15 | Byk Mallinckrodt Cil Bv | ISOTOPE GENERATOR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIQUIDS CONTAINING 99M TC. |
| NL7902342A (en) * | 1979-03-26 | 1980-09-30 | Byk Mallinckrodt Cil Bv | ISOTOPE GENERATOR. |
| US4472299A (en) * | 1981-04-24 | 1984-09-18 | Amersham International Plc | Generator for radionuclide and process of use thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-03-13 AU AU16644/92A patent/AU1664492A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-03-13 WO PCT/US1992/002032 patent/WO1992016949A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-03-13 JP JP4508799A patent/JPH07505707A/en active Pending
- 1992-03-13 CA CA002104386A patent/CA2104386A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-03-13 EP EP19920908946 patent/EP0575531A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2104386A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 |
| EP0575531A1 (en) | 1993-12-29 |
| WO1992016949A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 |
| JPH07505707A (en) | 1995-06-22 |
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