AT527833A4 - Method and device for changing the viscosity and filtering a melt - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device (1) for changing the viscosity and filtering a melt, in particular a plastic melt. The device (1) comprises a first conveyor screw (3), a melt filter (4), a conveyor device (2), and a granulation device (5). Gas-forming substances or a gas can be introduced into the first conveyor screw (3) by means of a feed device (7) so that the viscosity of the melt can be reduced, so that melt with reduced viscosity can be provided to the melt filter (4). The conveyor device (2) has a transfer device (15) for introducing the filtered melt and a degassing device (16) for degassing the melt, so that melt with increased viscosity can be provided to the granulation device (5).

Description

and filtration of a melt.

It is known in the art that in plastics processing, and particularly in plastics recycling, granules or plastic flakes are converted into melt, in order to subsequently filter this melt and process it into granules, so that processed plastic granules can be provided. A filter device with a sieve with a specified mesh size can be used to filter the melt, whereby the melt can be pressed through the sieve by means of a conveyor screw. Depending on the temperature of the melt, a certain amount of energy is required, which is also determined by the mesh size.

width of the sieve of the filter device.

A disadvantage of known processes for filtration of plastic melt is that sufficient throughput through a melt filter requires either high pressures or high melt temperatures, which must be provided at the melt filter by means of the upstream conveyor screw. Both high pressure and high melt temperatures represent a safety risk and can subject plant components to unnecessary stresses, so that in addition to the required energy consumption, recurring maintenance and repair intervals are detrimental to

an economical operation of such a device.

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can be reduced and at the same time the safety and economic efficiency of a

like device are improved compared to known embodiments.

This object is achieved by a device and a method according to the claims

solved.

The process according to the invention for changing the viscosity and filtering a melt comprises the following process steps:

- Introducing gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or mixtures of substances or a gas into a granulate which can be converted into a melt in a first conveyor screw or into the first conveyor screw, wherein melt and/or granulate can be conveyed by means of the first conveyor screw, so that the viscosity of the melt is reduced by gas dissolved in the melt;

- filtering the melt with thus reduced viscosity by means of a melt filter, wherein the melt filter is arranged downstream of the first conveyor screw in a conveying direction of the melt;

- introducing the thus filtered melt into a conveying device downstream of the melt filter in the conveying direction of the melt, in particular into a second conveyor screw, wherein the filtered melt is introduced by means of a transfer device elongated in a first conveying direction of the conveying device and wherein the filtered melt is degassed by means of a degassing device elongated in the first conveying direction of the conveying device, so that the viscosity of the melt is increased by the outgassing of the gas dissolved in the melt

- Granulation of the melt with thus increased viscosity by means of a

a granulation device;

In this context, granulate can be understood as meaning, in particular, plastic granulate or granulate made of entraining agents or outgassing or gas-forming substances, whereby granulate in any case means a granular raw material.

material is.

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To understand the concept of increased viscosity of the melt.

The gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or mixtures of substances can in this context include, for example, water, alcohols, entraining agents, alcoholic solutions or granules impregnated or wetted with water, alcohols, entraining agents or alcoholic solutions, in particular plastic granules or plastic flakes impregnated or wetted therewith. A gas in this context is, for example, water vapor, CO2, a

Inert gas or other vaporized liquid.

In this context, a melt is understood to be a melt made of plastic or a plastic mixture, which is flowable within certain limits and thus has a viscosity.

points.

The application of the method according to the invention offers the advantage that the viscosity is reduced before passing through the melt filter by the gas absorbed therein, so that the resistance of the melt filter is reduced relative to the melt passing through it. Thus, a plastic melt can, for example, be filtered at lower temperatures, or the pressure applied to the melt filter can be reduced, while still allowing the same throughput through the melt filter. Consequently, less energy is required to provide the intended

High pressure before the melt filter or specified temperature before

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Furthermore, it can also be provided that the introduction of the melt into the conveying device is metered by means of a melt pump, so that a volumetric filling or filling of the conveying device is carried out. With this possible measure, the melt pump is therefore arranged after the melt filter, as seen in the flow direction of the melt. This allows precise metering of the loading of the conveying device. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be provided that the melt pump or another melt pump is positioned before the melt filter. This allows the resistance of the melt filter to be overcome in an improved manner and, subsequently, the loading or feeding of the conveying device.

tion can be dosed.

Furthermore, the conveying device can be designed as a twin-screw conveyor or twin-screw extruder, wherein the melt is introduced into a first housing area, located closest to a first screw shaft, by means of the transfer device, and wherein the melt is degassed in a second housing area, located closest to a second screw shaft, by means of the degassing device. This makes it possible to simply and effectively prevent the melt introduced into the conveying device from being partially discharged again by the degassing device.

This improves the degassing of the melt.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or the gas are introduced into the first screw conveyor by means of a feed device that is elongated in a second conveying direction of the screw conveyor. This ensures that the gas-forming substances or gas are introduced over the largest possible area, which ensures homogenization of the melt.

and thus achieves further improved and efficient filtration.

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- wherein gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or mixtures of substances or a gas can be introduced into the first conveyor screw by means of a feed device, so that the viscosity of the melt in the conveyor screw can be reduced by gas dissolved in the melt, so that melt

can be provided with reduced viscosity.

The device is further characterized in that the conveying device has a transfer device, which is elongated in a first conveying direction of the conveying device, for introducing the filtered melt and a degassing device, which is elongated in the first conveying direction of the conveying device, for degassing the filtered melt, so that the granulation device

melt with increased viscosity can be provided.

The device has the advantage that the viscosity before passing through the melt filter is reduced by the gas absorbed therein, so that the resistance of the melt filter is reduced relative to the melt passing through it. This allows, for example, a plastic melt to be filtered at lower temperatures, or the pressure applied to the melt filter can be reduced, while still allowing a constant throughput through the melt filter. Consequently, less energy is required to provide the specified pressure upstream of the melt filter or the specified temperature upstream of the melt filter to ensure the same flow through the melt filter, since the viscosity is already reduced by the gas absorbed in the melt. Furthermore, this also reduces the system's

components of the device are protected and the economic efficiency is improved.

The transfer device can be positioned relative to a mean diameter D of the conveyor

the device has a longitudinal extension from a range comprising 100% to

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Melt can be spread particularly thinly.

Furthermore, it may be expedient if the degassing device is designed as a slot die, slot die, or strand die extending longitudinally along a housing of the conveying device, or if the degassing device is designed as bores arranged in a row along the housing of the conveying device in the second conveying direction of the conveying device, so that the melt can be degassed to increase the viscosity. This enables the degassing of the melt over a longitudinally extended area, thereby providing an enlarged surface for degassing, so that the most effective and complete degassing of the melt and thus the efficient increasing

the viscosity of the melt is possible.

According to a further development, it is possible for the conveying device to be designed as a double screw conveyor or twin-screw extruder with a housing, wherein the transfer device is formed in a first housing region closest to a first screw shaft, and wherein the degassing device is formed in a second housing region closest to a second screw shaft. This makes it possible to simply and effectively prevent the melt introduced into the conveying device from being partially discharged again by the degassing device. Thus, the degassing

the melt improved.

Also advantageous is a form of embodiment according to which it can be provided that the first worm shaft is accommodated in the housing in a first channel and that the second worm shaft is accommodated in the housing in a second channel, wherein the first worm shaft and the second worm shaft are positioned so as to mesh with one another and the first channel and the second channel overlap in a meshing area of the worm shafts, wherein in an overlap area of the first channel and the second channel a

tion of the meshing area of the two worm shafts protruding casing

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melting process is further improved.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the feed device is designed as a slot die, slot die, or strand die extending longitudinally along a screw housing of the first conveyor screw, or that the feed device is designed as bores arranged in a row along the screw housing of the first conveyor screw in a second conveying direction of the conveyor screw, so that gas can be introduced into a first conveying channel of the first conveyor screw to reduce the viscosity of the melt. Thus, the introduction of gas-forming substances or gas is effected over the largest possible area, which results in homogenization of the melt and thus a further improved and efficient

effective filtration.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the feed device is designed as a feed hopper, wherein melt and/or granules convertible to melt and/or gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or mixtures of substances and/or gas can be introduced into the conveyor screw by means of the feed hopper. As a result, gas or a gas-forming substance can be introduced into the conveyor screw during the introduction of the granules convertible to melt or the plastic flakes convertible to melt, thereby improving the homogenization of the melt with the gas dissolved therein, which in turn leads to an efficient

efficient filtering of the melt.

Furthermore, it may be expedient if the feed hopper comprises a lock, in particular a pressure lock, and/or a gate valve or a cell lock, wherein gas can be introduced into the feed hopper and an overpressure can be maintained in the feed hopper compared to the ambient pressure by means of the lock. This allows a larger volume of gas to be dissolved in the melt in a simple manner, whereby the viscosity of the melt can be efficiently reduced.

way can be further reduced.

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Feeding of the conveyor device can be dosed.

For a better understanding of the invention, it will be explained with reference to the following

The figures explain this in more detail. They show, in a highly simplified, schematic representation:

Fig. 1 shows a possible first embodiment of a device for viscosity

modification and filtration of a melt;

Fig. 2 shows a possible second embodiment of a device for viscosity

modification and filtration of a melt;

Fig. 3 shows a cross section of the conveying device of the possible second embodiment of a device for changing the viscosity and filtration of a

a melt.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the variously described embodiments, identical parts are provided with identical reference symbols or component designations, whereby the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to identical parts with identical reference symbols or component designations. The positional information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., also applies to the

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information must be transferred to the new location in the event of a change in location.

Fig. 1 shows a possible first embodiment of a device 1 for changing the viscosity and filtering a melt in a highly simplified and schematic representation. Fig. 2 shows a further and possibly independent second embodiment of the device 1, wherein the same reference numerals or component designations as in the previous Fig. 1 are used for the same parts. The first embodiment of the device 1 and the second embodiment of the device 1 differ essentially in the design of a conveying device 2 of the device 1. For the sake of simplicity, the two embodiments of the device 1 are described together below, with specific differences being pointed out separately. In general, it can be provided that individual features of the respective embodiment can be combined with the other embodiment. Finally, Fig. 3 shows a cross section of the conveying device 2 of the

second possible embodiment of the device 1.

As can be seen in Fig. 1, the device 1 can comprise a conveyor screw 3 for conveying melt or granules that can be converted into melt, wherein in this context, melt is understood to mean, in particular, plastic melt, and granules preferably plastic granules or plastic flakes. Furthermore, in addition to the previously mentioned conveyor device 2, the device 1 can also comprise a melt filter 4 and a granulation device 5. The individual components of the device 1 can be arranged downstream of one another in the following order in a conveying direction 6 of the melt: conveyor screw 3, melt filter 4, conveyor device

2, Granulation device 5.

The device 1 or in particular the conveyor screw 3 can comprise a feed device 7, wherein by means of the feed device 7 gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or a gas can be introduced into the first conveyor screw 3

or is, so that the viscosity of the melt in the conveyor screw 3 is determined by the

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The gas dissolved in the melt can be reduced. This makes it possible in a simple manner for melt with reduced viscosity to be provided to the melt filter 4, so that more throughput through the melt filter 4 can be achieved with the same energy expenditure or finer filtration with the same energy expenditure compared to filtering a melt with non-reduced viscosity. The feed device 7 can, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, be designed as a feed hopper 8, wherein melt and/or granules that can be converted to melt and/or gas-forming and/or outgassing substances and/or gas can be introduced into the conveyor screw 3 by means of the feed hopper 8. Furthermore, in this context it can also be provided that the feed hopper 8 comprises a lock 9, in particular a pressure lock, and/or a gate valve 10 or a cell lock, wherein gas can be introduced into the feed hopper 8 and in the feed hopper 8 by means of the

Lock 9 can maintain an overpressure compared to ambient pressure.

Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that the feed device 7 is designed as a slot die, slot die or strand die extending longitudinally along a screw housing 11 of the first conveyor screw 3 or that the feed device 7 is designed as bores arranged one after the other along the screw housing 11 of the first conveyor screw 3 in a second conveying direction 12 of the conveyor screw 3, so that gas can be introduced into a first conveying channel 13 of the first conveyor screw 3 to reduce the viscosity of the melt.

This alternative embodiment of the feeding device 7 is not shown.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the conveying device 2 has a transfer device 15, which is elongated in a first conveying direction 14 of the conveying device 2, for introducing the filtered melt, and a degassing device 16, which is elongated in the first conveying direction 14 of the conveying device 2, for degassing the melt, so that melt with increased viscosity can be provided to the granulation device 5. Thus, the filtering of the melt was initially promoted by reducing the viscosity, in order to then degas the melt again after filtering the melt and

thus increasing the viscosity of the melt or the viscosity of the

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Melt to be restored to its original viscosity. Furthermore, by degassing the melt, unwanted substances or contaminants can be removed from the melt, provided that a suitable gas or carrier gas is selected.

became.

It can also be provided that the degassing device 16 is designed as a slot die, slot die or strand die which is elongated along a housing 17 of the conveying device 2 in the first conveying direction 14 or that the degassing device 16 is designed as bores which are lined up one after the other along the housing 17 of the conveying device 2 in the first conveying direction 14, so that the melt is degassed to increase the viscosity of the melt.

is gasable.

As shown in Fig. 2, in the second possible embodiment of the device 1, it can be provided that the conveying device 2 is designed as a double conveyor screw 18 or twin-screw extruder with a housing 17, wherein the transfer device 15 is designed in a first housing area 20 closest to a first screw shaft 19 and wherein the degassing device 16 is designed in a second screw shaft 21 closest to a

second housing area 22 is formed.

As can be seen from a joint view of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, it can also be provided that the first worm shaft 19 is received in the housing 17 in a first channel 23 and that the second worm shaft 21 is received in the housing 17 in a second channel 24, wherein the first worm shaft 19 and the second worm shaft 21 are positioned so as to mesh with one another and the first channel 23 and the second channel 24 overlap in a meshing area 25 of the worm shafts 19 and 21, wherein in an overlapping area 26 of the first channel 23 and the second channel 24, a housing section 27 is formed which projects in the direction of the meshing area 25 of the two worm shafts 19 and 21. Since the transfer device

15 in the first housing area 20 and the degassing device 16 in the second

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Housing area 22 is formed, the projecting housing section 27 or the housing section 27 projecting into the overlapping area 26 largely prevents melt, which is introduced into the first channel 23 by the transfer device 15, from entering the discharge

flowing through the separation device 16 or being discharged through it.

The device 1 is further configured to implement the method according to the invention. The method serves to change the viscosity and filter the melt and comprises the following process steps:

- Introducing gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or a gas into a granulate that can be converted into a melt in the first conveyor screw 3 or into the first conveyor screw 3, wherein melt and/or granulate can be conveyed by means of the first conveyor screw 3, so that the viscosity of the melt is reduced by gas dissolved in the melt;

- filtering the melt by means of the melt filter 4, wherein the melt filter 4 is arranged downstream of the first conveyor screw 3 in the conveying direction 6 of the melt;

- introducing the melt into the conveying device 2 downstream of the melt filter 4 in the conveying direction 6 of the melt, wherein the melt is introduced by means of the transfer device 15 which is elongated in the first conveying direction 14 of the conveying device 2 and wherein the melt is degassed by means of the degassing device 16 which is elongated in the first conveying direction 14 of the conveying device 2, so that the viscosity of the melt is increased by the outgassing of the gas dissolved in the melt;

- Granulating the melt using the granulation device 5.

As already explained above, with regard to the method it can also be provided that the gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or the gas are conveyed longitudinally by means of the conveyor screw 3 in the second conveying direction 12.

stretched feeding device 7 is introduced into the first conveyor screw 3.

With reference to Fig. 2, with regard to the second possible embodiment of the device 1, it can also be provided that the conveying device 2

is designed as a double screw conveyor 18 or twin screw extruder,

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wherein the melt is introduced into the first housing area 20 closest to the first screw shaft 19 by means of the transfer device 15 and wherein the melt is introduced into the second housing area 20 closest to the second screw shaft 21

Housing area 22 is degassed by means of the degassing device 16.

The embodiments show possible variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated variants, but rather various combinations of the individual variants are also possible and this variation possibility due to the teaching of technical action by means of objective invention in the skill of the person active in this technical field

specialist.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and the drawings are to be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the various embodiments shown and described may represent independent inventive solutions. The features associated with the independent inventive solutions

The underlying task can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in this description is to be understood as including any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g. the information 1 to 10 is to be understood as including all sub-ranges starting from the lower limit of 1 and the upper limit of 10, i.e. all sub-ranges begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

For the sake of clarity, it should be noted that for a better understanding of the structure, some elements are not to scale and/or enlarged.

and/or reduced in size.

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14

List of reference symbols

Device Conveyor device Conveyor screw Melt filter Granulation device Conveying direction Feeding device Feed hopper

Lock Gate valve Screw housing Second conveying direction First conveying channel

First conveying direction Transfer device Degassing device Housing Double conveyor screw First screw shaft First housing section Second screw shaft Second housing section First channel

Second channel combing area overlap area

Housing section

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Patent claims

1. A process for changing the viscosity and filtering a melt, comprising the process steps:

- Introducing gas-forming substances or a gas into a granulate which can be converted into a melt in a first conveyor screw (3) or into the first conveyor screw (3), wherein the melt and granulate can be conveyed by means of the first conveyor screw (3), so that the viscosity of the melt is reduced by gas dissolved in the melt;

- filtering the melt by means of a melt filter (4), wherein the melt filter (4) is arranged downstream of the first conveyor screw (3) in a conveying direction (6) of the melt;

- Granulation of the melt;

characterized in that the method further comprises the following method steps:

- introducing the melt into a conveying device (2) arranged downstream of the melt filter (4) in the conveying direction (6) of the melt, wherein the melt is introduced by means of a transfer device (15) which is elongated in a first conveying direction (14) of the conveying device (2) and wherein the melt is degassed by means of a degassing device (16) which is elongated in the first conveying direction (14) of the conveying device (2), so that the viscosity of the melt is

Outgassing of the gas dissolved in the melt.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the introduction of the melt into the conveying device (2) is metered by means of a melt pump, so that a volumetric filling or filling or charging

the conveying device (2).

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying device (2) is designed as a double conveyor screw (18)

or twin-screw extruder, wherein the melt is extruded in one,

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a first housing area (20) closest to a first screw shaft (19) is introduced by means of the transfer device (15) and wherein the melt is in a second housing area closest to a second screw shaft (21).

area (22) is degassed by means of the degassing device (16).

4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or the gas are conveyed by means of a conveyor screw (3) which is longitudinally displaced in a second conveying direction (12).

stretched feeding device (7) is introduced into the first conveyor screw (3).

5. Device (1) for changing the viscosity and filtering a melt, comprising, arranged downstream of one another in a conveying direction (6) of the melt, a first conveyor screw (3) for conveying melt or granules convertible into melt, a melt filter (4), a conveying device (2) and a granulating device (5),

- wherein gas-forming substances or a gas can be introduced into the first conveyor screw (3) by means of a feed device (7), so that the viscosity of the melt in the conveyor screw (3) can be reduced by gas dissolved in the melt, so that melt with reduced viscosity can be provided to the melt filter (4),

characterized in that

the conveying device (2) has a transfer device (15) which is elongated in a first conveying direction (14) of the conveying device (2) for introducing the filtered melt and a degassing device (16) which is elongated in the first conveying direction (14) of the conveying device (2) for degassing the melt, so that the granulation device (5) is supplied with melt with an upwardly placed

viscosity can be provided.

6. Device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the degassing device (16) is designed as a wide slot nozzle, slot nozzle or strand nozzle which is elongated along a housing (17) of the conveying device (2) or that the degassing device (16) is designed as a along the housing (17)

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the conveying device (2) is formed with holes arranged one after the other in the first conveying direction (14), so that the melt can be used to increase the viscosity.

is gasable.

7. Device (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the conveying device (2) is designed as a double conveyor screw (18) or twin-screw extruder with a housing (17), wherein the transfer device (15) is designed in a first housing area (20) closest to a first screw shaft (19) and wherein the degassing device (16) is designed in a second housing area (22) closest to a second screw shaft (21).

is trained.

8. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the first worm shaft (19) is received in the housing (17) in a first channel (23) and that the second worm shaft (21) is received in the housing (17) in a second channel (24), wherein the first worm shaft (19) and the second worm shaft (21) are positioned so as to mesh with one another and the first channel (23) and the second channel (24) overlap in a meshing area (25) of the worm shafts (19, 21), wherein in an overlapping area (26) of the first channel (23) and the second channel (24) a projecting member protruding in the direction of the meshing area (25) of the two worm shafts (19, 21)

housing section (27).

9. Device (1) according to one of claims 5 or 8, characterized in that the feed device (7) is designed as a slot die, slot die or strand die which is elongated along a screw housing (11) of the first conveyor screw (3) or that the feed device (7) is designed as bores which are lined up along the screw housing (11) of the first conveyor screw (3) in a second conveying direction (12) of the conveyor screw (3), so that gas for reducing the viscosity of the melt is fed into a first

conveying channel (13) of the first conveyor screw (3).

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10. Device (1) according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that

characterized in that the feed device (7) is designed as a feed hopper (8), wherein by means of the feed hopper (8) melt and/or granules convertible to melt and/or gas-forming and/or outgassing substances and/or gas in

the conveyor screw (3) can be inserted.

11. Device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the feed hopper (8) comprises a lock (9), in particular a pressure lock, and/or a gate valve (10) or a cell lock, wherein gas can be introduced into the feed hopper (8) and in the feed hopper (8) by means of the lock (9)

an overpressure can be maintained compared to ambient pressure.

12. Device (1) according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that

characterized in that the device (1) further comprises a melt pump.

13. Device (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the melt pump is arranged downstream of the melt filter (4) relative to the conveying direction (14) or is formed between the melt filter (4) and the conveying device (2), wherein the introduction of the melt into the conveying device (2) can be metered by means of the melt pump, so that the conveying device (2) is filled with melt-

can be loaded in a controlled manner.

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Claims (13)

Patent claims 1. A process for changing the viscosity and filtering a melt, comprising the process steps: - Introducing gas-forming substances or a gas into a granulate which can be converted into a melt in a first conveyor screw (3) or into the first conveyor screw (3), wherein the melt and granulate can be conveyed by means of the first conveyor screw (3), so that the viscosity of the melt is reduced by gas dissolved in the melt; - filtering the melt by means of a melt filter (4), wherein the melt filter (4) is arranged downstream of the first conveyor screw (3) in a conveying direction (6) of the melt; - introducing the melt into a conveying device (2) downstream of the melt filter (4) in the conveying direction (6) of the melt, wherein the melt is introduced by means of a transfer device (15) which is elongated in a first conveying direction (14) of the conveying device (2) and wherein the melt is degassed by means of a degassing device (16) which is elongated in the first conveying direction (14) of the conveying device (2), so that the viscosity of the melt is increased by the outgassing of the gas dissolved in the melt; - Granulation of the melt. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the introduction of the melt into the conveying device (2) is metered by means of a melt pump, so that a volumetric filling or filling or feeding of the conveying device (2) is carried out. 3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying device (2) is designed as a double conveyor screw (18) or twin-screw extruder, wherein the melt is conveyed in a first housing area (20) closest to a first screw shaft (19). A50314/2024 (UZ: A2024/88562-AT) [ MOST RECENTLY FILED CLAIMS | by means of the transfer device (15) and wherein the melt is in a second housing area closest to a second screw shaft (21). area (22) is degassed by means of the degassing device (16). 4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas-forming and/or outgassing substances or the gas are conveyed by means of a conveyor screw (3) which is longitudinally displaced in a second conveying direction (12). stretched feeding device (7) is introduced into the first conveyor screw (3). 5. Device (1) for changing the viscosity and filtering a melt, comprising, arranged downstream of one another in a conveying direction (6) of the melt, a first conveyor screw (3) for conveying melt or granules convertible into melt, a melt filter (4), a conveying device (2) and a granulating device (5), - wherein gas-forming substances or a gas can be introduced into the first conveyor screw (3) by means of a feed device (7), so that the viscosity of the melt in the conveyor screw (3) can be reduced by gas dissolved in the melt, so that melt with reduced viscosity can be provided to the melt filter (4), characterized in that the conveying device (2) has a transfer device (15) which is elongated in a first conveying direction (14) of the conveying device (2) for introducing the filtered melt and a degassing device (16) which is elongated in the first conveying direction (14) of the conveying device (2) for degassing the melt, so that melt with increased viscosity can be provided to the granulating device (5). 6. Device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the degassing device (16) is designed as a wide slot nozzle, slot nozzle or strand nozzle which is elongated along a housing (17) of the conveying device (2) or that the degassing device (16) is designed as a along the housing (17) A50314/2024 (UZ: A2024/88562-AT) [ MOST RECENTLY FILED CLAIMS | the conveying device (2) is formed with holes arranged one after the other in the first conveying direction (14), so that the melt can be used to increase the viscosity. is gasable. 7. Device (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the conveying device (2) is designed as a double conveyor screw (18) or twin-screw extruder with a housing (17), wherein the transfer device (15) is designed in a first housing area (20) closest to a first screw shaft (19) and wherein the degassing device (16) is designed in a second housing area (22) closest to a second screw shaft (21). is trained. 8. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the first worm shaft (19) is received in the housing (17) in a first channel (23) and that the second worm shaft (21) is received in the housing (17) in a second channel (24), wherein the first worm shaft (19) and the second worm shaft (21) are positioned so as to mesh with one another and the first channel (23) and the second channel (24) overlap in a meshing region (25) of the worm shafts (19, 21), wherein in an overlapping region (26) of the first channel (23) and the second channel (24) a housing section (27) projecting in the direction of the meshing region (25) of the two worm shafts (19, 21) is formed. 9. Device (1) according to one of claims 5 or 8, characterized in that the feed device (7) is designed as a slot die, slot die or strand die which is elongated along a screw housing (11) of the first conveyor screw (3) or that the feed device (7) is designed as bores which are lined up one after the other along the screw housing (11) of the first conveyor screw (3) in a second conveying direction (12) of the conveyor screw (3), so that gas can be introduced into a first conveying channel (13) of the first conveyor screw (3) to reduce the viscosity of the melt. A50314/2024 (UZ: A2024/88562-AT) [ MOST RECENTLY FILED CLAIMS | 10. Device (1) according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the feed device (7) is designed as a feed hopper (8), wherein by means of the feed hopper (8) melt and/or granules convertible to melt and/or gas-forming and/or outgassing substances and/or gas can be introduced into the conveyor screw (3). 11. Device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the feed hopper (8) comprises a lock (9), in particular a pressure lock, and/or a gate valve (10) or a cell lock, wherein gas can be introduced into the feed hopper (8) and an overpressure relative to an ambient pressure can be maintained in the feed hopper (8) by means of the lock (9). 12. Device (1) according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the device (1) further comprises a melt pump. 13. Device (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the melt pump is arranged downstream of the melt filter (4) relative to the conveying direction (14) or is formed between the melt filter (4) and the conveying device (2), wherein the introduction of the melt into the conveying device (2) can be metered by means of the melt pump, so that the conveying device (2) can be fed with melt in a metered manner. A50314/2024 (UZ: A2024/88562-AT) [ MOST RECENTLY FILED CLAIMS |