NO875179L

NO875179L - PROGRAMS FOR FARTOEY.

Info

Publication number: NO875179L
Application number: NO875179A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Josef Heck
Original assignee: Josef Heck
Priority date: 1986-12-12
Filing date: 1987-12-11
Publication date: 1988-06-13
Also published as: JPS63159194A; EP0271039A2; FI875453A0; DE3642483A1; FI875453A7; FI875453L; EP0271039A3; NO875179D0

Description

Oppfinnelsen angår et fremdriftselement for fartøy, især skip, med på en fra skipsskroget utragende drivaksel festede og i en bestemt vinkel til denne rettede propellblader, som omgis av en sylindermantel. The invention relates to a propulsion element for vessels, especially ships, with propeller blades attached to a drive shaft projecting from the ship's hull and directed at a certain angle to it, which is surrounded by a cylinder jacket.

Såkalte skipspropellanordninger uten sylindermantler har den ulempe at for mye kraft går tapt i virveldannelsen fra skruen på grunn av strømningens breddevirkning. For å motvirke denne ulempe er det allerede foreslått å omslutte propellen med en sylindermantel. So-called ship propeller devices without cylinder jackets have the disadvantage that too much power is lost in the vortex formation from the screw due to the width effect of the flow. To counter this disadvantage, it has already been proposed to enclose the propeller with a cylinder jacket.

Riktignok er vannets friksjon mot mantelen forholdsvis stor, men det oppnås dette til tross en betydelig mer optimal anordning enn ved skipspropeller uten mantel. Admittedly, the water's friction against the casing is relatively large, but this is achieved despite a significantly more optimal arrangement than with ship propellers without a casing.

Det er den foreliggende oppfinnelses oppgave å frem-bringe et f remdrif tselemen t for fartøy, især skip av den innledningsvis nevnte type hvor vannmengden, hhv. vannstrøm-ningen fra starten, dvs. fra foran propellbladenes område, i det vesentlige tilføres i retning mot drivakselen og propellbladene, slik at vannmengden ledes frem mot skipspropellen og vannet tilnærmet suges utenfra og inn og beveges uten store energitap. It is the task of the present invention to produce a propulsion element for vessels, especially ships of the initially mentioned type where the amount of water, or the water flow from the start, i.e. from in front of the area of the propeller blades, is essentially supplied in the direction of the drive shaft and the propeller blades, so that the amount of water is led forward towards the ship's propeller and the water is roughly sucked in from the outside and moved without major energy losses.

For løsning av den ovennevnte oppgave, frembringes et fremdriftselement av den innledningsvis nevnte type hvor skovler med i det minste delvis kurveformet forløp i skruelik-nende anordning er anordnet frem til propellbladene, på drivakselen i en avstand L fra propellbladene i retning mot drivmotoren, idet disse forløper inn i sylindermantelens indre og her er slik festet sentrisk at vannstrømningen tvangsstyres innad fra foran propellbladenes område, i det vesentlige i retning mot drivakselen og propellbladene. To solve the above-mentioned task, a propulsion element of the initially mentioned type is produced where vanes with at least a partially curved course in a screw-like device are arranged up to the propeller blades, on the drive shaft at a distance L from the propeller blades in the direction towards the drive motor, as these extends into the interior of the cylinder jacket and here it is attached centrically so that the water flow is forcibly directed inward from in front of the propeller blade area, essentially in the direction towards the drive shaft and the propeller blades.

Med fremdriftselementet ifølge oppfinnelsen oppnås den vesentlige fordel av de ytterligere skovler som er for-lenget frem til nær sylindermantelens ende, tvangsstyrer vannmengden, hhv. vannstrømningen fra starten frem til den vanlige skipspropell, dvs. inn i sylindermantelen slik at minst mulig energi går tapt ved avdrift utad. With the propulsion element according to the invention, the significant advantage is achieved of the further vanes which are extended up to near the end of the cylinder jacket, forcefully control the amount of water, respectively. the water flow from the start up to the normal ship's propeller, i.e. into the cylinder casing so that the least possible energy is lost by drifting outwards.

Fordelaktige utførelser er beskrevet i underkravene. Advantageous designs are described in the sub-claims.

Ifølge krav 2 er skovlene i det minste delvis utformet tilsvarende kjeglesnitt og har form av en hul paraboloide, en hul ellipsoide eller en hul hyperboloide og omgir skrue-formet drivakselen. På denne måte oppnås en sugformet tilførs-el av vannmengden til propellbladene. According to claim 2, the vanes are at least partially designed corresponding to a conic section and have the shape of a hollow paraboloid, a hollow ellipsoid or a hollow hyperboloid and surround the screw-shaped drive shaft. In this way, a suction-shaped supply of the amount of water to the propeller blades is achieved.

Ifølge krav 3 er fire skovler anordnet sentrisk og symmetrisk i avstand fra hverandre på drivakselen på den ene side på et nav og på den annen side i sylindermantelen. According to claim 3, four vanes are arranged centrically and symmetrically at a distance from each other on the drive shaft on one side on a hub and on the other side in the cylinder jacket.

Ifølge krav 4 kan skovlene være festet med sidekantene tangentialt, i sylindermantelen, liggende langs en mantellinje og de andre, krumme sidekanter kan forløpe frem til propellbladene . According to claim 4, the vanes can be fixed with the side edges tangentially, in the cylinder casing, lying along a casing line and the other, curved side edges can extend to the propeller blades.

Ifølge krav 5 har skovlene kurveformede utsparinger for feste til et nav på drivakselen, og er avrundet i navets område, idet rotasjonslegemet for skovlenes evolvente danner en paraboloid, en ellipsoid eller en hyperboloid. According to claim 5, the vanes have curved recesses for attachment to a hub on the drive shaft, and are rounded in the area of the hub, the body of rotation for the involute of the vanes forming a paraboloid, an ellipsoid or a hyperboloid.

Ifølge krav 6 er sylindermantelens bredde B tilnærmet lik avstanden A mellom sylindermantelens ende og skovlenes festenav, idet A+B = L. According to claim 6, the width B of the cylinder jacket is approximately equal to the distance A between the end of the cylinder jacket and the attachment hub of the vanes, with A+B = L.

Ifølge en ytterligere utførelse av fremdriftselementet, kan turbinskovler være anordnet forløpende utad på en ytterligere sylindermantel som kan skyves på sylindermantelen. According to a further embodiment of the propulsion element, turbine blades can be arranged continuously outwards on a further cylinder jacket which can be pushed onto the cylinder jacket.

I sammenheng med tegningen beskrives foretrukne utfør-elser av fremdriftselementet ifølge oppfinnelsen, hvor fig. 1 viser et sideriss av fremdriftselementet ifølge oppfinnelsen, fig. 2 viser perspektivriss av en skovl, fig. 3 viser et frontriss av fremdriftselementet, tilsvarende pilen Fl på fig. 1, fig. 4 viser et riss av f remdrif tselementet tilsvarende pilen F2 på fig. 1, fig. 5 viser et sideriss av en ytterligere utførelser av fremdriftselementet ifølge oppfinnelsen, og fig. 6 viser et frontriss av fremdriftselementet på fig. 5. In connection with the drawing, preferred embodiments of the propulsion element according to the invention are described, where fig. 1 shows a side view of the propulsion element according to the invention, fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a shovel, fig. 3 shows a front view of the propulsion element, corresponding to arrow F1 in fig. 1, fig. 4 shows a diagram of the front drive element corresponding to the arrow F2 in fig. 1, fig. 5 shows a side view of a further embodiment of the propulsion element according to the invention, and fig. 6 shows a front view of the propulsion element of fig. 5.

Slik det fremgår av figurene 1-4, en skipspropell bestående av fire propellblad 3 festet til en fra et ikke vist skipsskrog utragende drivaksel 1, ved hjelp av et nav 2. Propellbladene 3 er på kjent måte rettet i en bestemt vinkel til drivakselen 1 for å oppnå det størst mulige driv-moment til akselen. As can be seen from figures 1-4, a ship's propeller consisting of four propeller blades 3 attached to a drive shaft 1 projecting from a ship's hull, not shown, by means of a hub 2. The propeller blades 3 are directed in a known manner at a specific angle to the drive shaft 1 for to achieve the greatest possible drive torque to the axle.

Propellbladene 3 er omgitt og festet til en sylindermantel 4 med bredden B. The propeller blades 3 are surrounded and attached to a cylinder casing 4 with width B.

I avstanden L fra propellbladene er fire skovler 5 med i det minste delvis kurveformet forløp i skruelinjeformet anordning frem mot propellbladene 3 i sylindermantelens 4 indre, anordnet i retning mot drivmotoren, dvs. i pilens Fl retning og er festet sentrisk til akselen 1 ved hjelp av et nav 6. Vinkelen cL mellom de ytre skovlbladers tangenter og akselen 1, kan være mellom 40° og 50°. At the distance L from the propeller blades, four vanes 5 with at least a partially curved course in a helical arrangement towards the propeller blades 3 in the interior of the cylinder casing 4 are arranged in the direction towards the drive motor, i.e. in the direction of the arrow Fl and are attached centrally to the shaft 1 by means of a hub 6. The angle cL between the tangents of the outer vane blades and the shaft 1 can be between 40° and 50°.

Fig. 2 viser i perspektiv en skovl 5. Skovlen 5 har i det minste delvis form av en kjeglesnitt, især en hul paraboloid, en hul ellipsoid eller en hul hyperboloid og omslutter drivakselen 1 skruelinjeformet. Især er den fremre ende ved 7 avrundet mot navet 6 og skovlen har i det fremre område et avrundet innsnitt 8 som går over i en sidekant 9 som rager ut fra sylindermantelens indre vegg 10 og frem til mellom propellbladene 3. Den andre sidekant 11 forløper tangentialt langs en mantellinje på sylindermantelen 4. Fig. 2 shows a vane 5 in perspective. The vane 5 has at least a partial shape of a conic section, in particular a hollow paraboloid, a hollow ellipsoid or a hollow hyperboloid and surrounds the drive shaft 1 in a helical shape. In particular, the front end at 7 is rounded towards the hub 6 and the vane has in the front area a rounded notch 8 which merges into a side edge 9 that projects from the inner wall 10 of the cylinder jacket and up to between the propeller blades 3. The other side edge 11 runs tangentially along a mantle line on the cylinder mantle 4.

I navets fremre område tilsvarer rotasjonslegemet skovlenes 5 evolvente, en paraboloid, en ellipsoid eller en hyperboloid. Sylindermantelens bredde B tilsvarer tilnærmet avstanden A fra sylindermantelens ende til skovlenes 5 nav 6. Avstanden L mellom navet 6 og propellbladene 4 er tilnærmet lik A+B. In the front area of the hub, the body of rotation corresponds to the vanes' 5 involute, a paraboloid, an ellipsoid or a hyperboloid. The width B of the cylinder jacket corresponds approximately to the distance A from the end of the cylinder jacket to the hub 6 of the blades 5. The distance L between the hub 6 and the propeller blades 4 is approximately equal to A+B.

En noe annen utførelse av fremdriftselementet ifølge oppfinnelsen er vist på fig. 5 og 6. Her er en ytterligere sylindermantel 12 påsatt sylindermantelen 4, som på utsiden har turbinskovler 13 som gir gunstig strømning. Anordningen er slik at sylindermantelen 12 står noe over sylindermantelen 4 bakover i retning mot propellbladene. A somewhat different embodiment of the propulsion element according to the invention is shown in fig. 5 and 6. Here, a further cylinder jacket 12 is attached to the cylinder jacket 4, which on the outside has turbine blades 13 which provide favorable flow. The arrangement is such that the cylinder jacket 12 stands somewhat above the cylinder jacket 4 backwards in the direction of the propeller blades.

Med fremdriftselementet ifølge oppfinnelsen oppnås den vesentlige fordel at skovlene 5 suger vannet utenfra innover da skovlene danner en forlengelse som når nesten frem til sylindermantelens ende. Propellbladene 3 opptar den vannmengde som står under trykk og trykker denne ut gjen-nom den opphøyde mantelende. På denne måte går i praksis ingen kraft tapt på grunn av breddevirkningen da vannmengden glir fra starten til propellens blader, idet det også er tatt hensyn til vannmengdens overgang inn i propellen slik at det praktisk talt ikke går noen energi tapt og fremdrifts elementet frembringer et vesentlig større skyvmoment ved en gitt motoreffekt. With the propulsion element according to the invention, the significant advantage is achieved that the vanes 5 suck the water from the outside in as the vanes form an extension that reaches almost to the end of the cylinder jacket. The propeller blades 3 absorb the amount of water that is under pressure and push this out through the raised casing end. In this way, in practice no power is lost due to the lateral effect as the amount of water slides from the start to the blades of the propeller, taking into account the transition of the amount of water into the propeller so that practically no energy is lost and the propulsion element produces a significant greater thrust torque at a given engine output.

Ifølge en foretrukken utførelse av fremdriftselementet ifølge fig. 5 og 6, kan fire indre skovler 5 være anordnet og på den ytre sylindermantel 12, kan åtte skovler tretten være anordnet. According to a preferred embodiment of the propulsion element according to fig. 5 and 6, four inner vanes 5 can be arranged and on the outer cylinder jacket 12, eight vanes thirteen can be arranged.

Claims

1. Propulsion element for vessels, especially ships, with propeller blades (3) arranged at a specific angle to a drive shaft protruding from the ship's hull, which are attached to it and are surrounded by a cylinder jacket (4), CHARACTERIZED BY the fact that vanes (5) with at least partially the curved course is arranged helically up to the propeller blades (3), projecting into the interior of the cylinder casing and is attached to this, the vanes (5) being arranged on the drive shaft (1) at a distance (L) from the propeller blades (3) in the direction towards the drive motor, so that the water flow, or the amount of water in front of the area of the propeller blades is essentially forced into the direction towards the drive shaft (1) and the propeller blades (3).

2. Propulsion element according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the vanes (5) are at least partially designed as a conic section and at least partially have the shape of a hollow paraboloid, a hollow ellipsoid or a hollow hyperboloid and surround the drive shaft (1) helically.

3. Propulsion element according to claims .1-2, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT four vanes are attached centrically and symmetrically to the drive shaft (1) on one side to a hub (6) and on the other side in the inner space of the cylinder jacket.

4. Propulsion element according to claims 1-3, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the vanes (5) are attached to the inside of the cylinder casing (4) with their side edges (11) lying tangentially along a casing line and that the other curved side edges (9) extend to between the propeller blades (3 ).

5. Propulsion element according to claims 1-4, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the vanes (5) for attachment to a hub (6) on the drive shaft (1) have curved recesses (8) and in the area of the hub (6) are rounded, the rotational body for the the involutes of revolving vanes (5) are a paraboloid, an ellipsoid or a hyperboloid.

6. Propulsion element according to claims 1-5, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the width (B) of the cylinder jacket is approximately equal to the distance (A) from the end of the cylinder jacket to the hub (6) of the vanes (5), where A+B L.

7. Propulsion element according to claims 1-6, CHARACTERIZED BY the fact that a further cylinder jacket (12) with turbine blades (13) is arranged on the cylinder jacket (4) and projects above the cylinder jacket (4) on its rear side.