NO801730L - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN AGENT CONTAINING ORGANIC, CYCLIC, KETO- AND / OR HYDROXY GROUP-SUBSTANCES AND TENSIDES, AND PROCEDURES FOR CELLULOSE PREPARATION USING - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN AGENT CONTAINING ORGANIC, CYCLIC, KETO- AND / OR HYDROXY GROUP-SUBSTANCES AND TENSIDES, AND PROCEDURES FOR CELLULOSE PREPARATION USINGInfo
- Publication number
- NO801730L NO801730L NO801730A NO801730A NO801730L NO 801730 L NO801730 L NO 801730L NO 801730 A NO801730 A NO 801730A NO 801730 A NO801730 A NO 801730A NO 801730 L NO801730 L NO 801730L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- keto
- cyclic
- organic
- hydroxy group
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical group [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229930194542 Keto Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 57
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940076442 9,10-anthraquinone Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-naphthoquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC(=O)C2=C1 FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 hydroxy- Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005698 Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 7
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 5
- TWWNLDITIRCJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl)naphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=CC2=C(CC(C)C)C(CC(C)C)=CC=C21 TWWNLDITIRCJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- PYODKQIVQIVELM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3-bis(2-methylpropyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CC(C)C)C(CC(C)C)=CC2=C1 PYODKQIVQIVELM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CQGDBBBZCJYDRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxyanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2OC CQGDBBBZCJYDRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOGPDSATLSAZEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(N)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 XOGPDSATLSAZEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJWGQARXZDRHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 NJWGQARXZDRHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFBZUNYJMVNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-methylpropyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(CC(C)C)C(CC(C)C)=CC=C21 KKFBZUNYJMVNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBZAFMFVKZCUHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dimethyl-1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3CC(C)=CC(C)C3C(=O)C2=C1 UBZAFMFVKZCUHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWKYKXCWTDDILL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,4a,5,8,8a,9a,10a-octahydroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2CC=CCC2C(=O)C2C1CC=CC2 AWKYKXCWTDDILL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPCZSIPRUSOJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2C1CC=CC2 XPCZSIPRUSOJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005561 1,4-benzoquinone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FDLFMPKQBNPIER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-(3-methylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 FDLFMPKQBNPIER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIJPZYXCIHZVGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(C)C(C)=C2 KIJPZYXCIHZVGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQQLIJAFGKWFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 JQQLIJAFGKWFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RATJDSXPVPAWJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,7-dimethylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=C(C)C=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RATJDSXPVPAWJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLIVBMRBFQRLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydroanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3CC=C(CC)CC3C(=O)C2=C1 DLIVBMRBFQRLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJJWOSAXNHWBPR-HUBLWGQQSA-N 5-[(3as,4s,6ar)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]-n-(6-hydrazinyl-6-oxohexyl)pentanamide Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)NCCCCCC(=O)NN)SC[C@@H]21 IJJWOSAXNHWBPR-HUBLWGQQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVPHSMHEYVOVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 VVPHSMHEYVOVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCFMUWBCZZUMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-Dihydroxyanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C(O)C2=C1 PCFMUWBCZZUMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RXECILSXCIUBOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClO.C(CCCCCCCCCCC)N1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)C Chemical compound ClO.C(CCCCCCCCCCC)N1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)C RXECILSXCIUBOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001243 acetic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCJLVWUMMKIQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl HCJLVWUMMKIQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HFQQZARZPUDIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/22—Other features of pulping processes
- D21C3/222—Use of compounds accelerating the pulping processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/28—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic using special binding agents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Det er kjent (se f.eks. Bach, G. Fiehn, Zellstoff und Papier 21, 3 (1972) og H.H. Holton, Pulp and Paper Canada 78, 19 (1977), US patenter nr. 4.012.280, 4.036.680, 4.036.681, canadisk patent nr. 986.662, japansk almen tilgjengelig søknad nr. 112.903/75, 43403/76, 109.303/76 og DDR patent nr. 98.549) at antrakinonderivater og bestemte diketohydroantracener utøver en gunstig virkning ved bestemte fremgangsmåter til fremstilling og bleking av cellulose fra lignocellulosematerialer som tre, strå og bagasse, når de anvendes fra 0,001 til 10 vekt-%, referert til lignocellulosematerialet. Siden antrakinon, antrahydrokinon samt Diels-Alder-addukter av butadien og dets derivater til p-benzokinon eller 1,4-nafto-kinon anbefales hertil mono- og poly-alkyl-, -alkoksy-, -amino-, -hydroksy- og/eller -sulf©derivater av disse forbindelser. I det følgende betegnes disse stoffene sammenfattende som tilsetningsstoffer. It is known (see, e.g., Bach, G. Fiehn, Zellstoff und Papier 21, 3 (1972) and H.H. Holton, Pulp and Paper Canada 78, 19 (1977), US Patents Nos. 4,012,280, 4,036,680 , 4,036,681, Canadian Patent No. 986,662, Japanese General Available Application No. 112,903/75, 43403/76, 109,303/76 and GDR Patent No. 98,549) that anthraquinone derivatives and certain diketohydroanthracenes exert a beneficial effect by certain methods of preparation and bleaching of cellulose from lignocellulosic materials such as wood, straw and bagasse, when used from 0.001 to 10% by weight, referred to the lignocellulosic material. Since anthraquinone, anthrahydroquinone as well as Diels-Alder adducts of butadiene and its derivatives to p-benzoquinone or 1,4-naphthoquinone are recommended for this or -sulf©derivatives of these compounds. In the following, these substances are referred to collectively as additives.
Tilsetningsstoffene er vanligvis tilgjengelige i form av pulvere. Innføring av slike pulverformede tilsetningsstoffer i fremgangsmåter til fremstilling av cellulose av lignocellulosematerialer og deres blekning er imidlertid problematisk. Når man tilsetter de pulverformede tilsetningsstoffer til lignocellulosematerialer som anvendes, er det herved å regne med at de finere deler av tilsetningsstoffet støv-formet kommer til omgivelsene samt delvis unndras den til-tenkte anvendelse som nærheten av tilsetningsstedet belaster arbeidende mennesker og kan tilveiebringe fare for støveksplo-sjoner. Dessuten er det ved den relativt lille mengde av nødvendige tilsetningsstoffer vanskelig med en jevn fordeling. Med en jevn fordeling av tilsetningsstoffene er imidlertid ønskelig for å oppnå en enhetlig cellulosekvalitet. The additives are usually available in the form of powders. Introduction of such powdered additives in methods for producing cellulose from lignocellulosic materials and their bleaching is, however, problematic. When adding the powdered additives to the lignocellulosic materials that are used, it can be expected that the finer parts of the additive will reach the environment in dust form, and the intended use will be partially avoided, as the proximity of the addition place burdens working people and can create a risk of dust explosions -tions. Moreover, due to the relatively small amount of necessary additives, it is difficult with an even distribution. However, an even distribution of the additives is desirable in order to achieve a uniform cellulose quality.
En jevn fordeling av tilsetningsstoffet van-skeliggjøres dessuten ved at tilsetningsstoffene vanligvis bare er meget lite oppløselige i vann og di de i cellulose-fremsti11ingen anvendte vandige elektrolyttoppløsninger An even distribution of the additive is also made difficult by the fact that the additives are usually only very slightly soluble in water and that the aqueous electrolyte solutions used in the cellulose production
o -4 (f.eks. oppløser det seg i 1 liter vann ved 50 C bare 6 • 10 g 9,10-antrakinonl. o -4 (e.g. only 6 • 10 g of 9,10-anthraquinonl dissolves in 1 liter of water at 50 C.
Dessuten blir tilsetningsstoffene fuktet så dårlig av vann og vandige elektrolyttoppløsninger slik de kommer til anvendelse ved cellulosefremstillingen at de finere deler av de pulverformede tilsetningsstoffer ikke eller bare meget dårlig lar seg innrøre, men svømmer ufuktet eventuelt under luftinneslutninger på overflaten. Videre har tilsetningsstoffene en relativt høy spesifikk tetthet (f.eks. har antrakinon ved 20°C en spesifikk tetthet på 1,438 g/cm 3), således at de grovere deler av de pulverformede tilsetningsstoffer som lar seg innrøre i vann eller elektro-lyttoppløsning, igjen hurtig avsetter seg og etter kort hen-stand i karbunnen danner et kompakt sjikt, som bare med vanskeligheter igjen lar seg oppvirvle. Tilsetningen av tilsetningsstoffet direkte til kokeluten i blandingen av lignocellulosematerialet og kokelut eller ifform av ennopp-slemming i vann eller fortynnede elektrolyttoppløsninger er altså heller ingen måte til å oppnå med sikkerhet en jevn fordeling av tilsetningsstoffene. In addition, the additives are wetted so poorly by water and aqueous electrolyte solutions as they are used in the production of cellulose that the finer parts of the powdered additives cannot be stirred in or only very poorly, but float unmoistened possibly under air inclusions on the surface. Furthermore, the additives have a relatively high specific density (e.g. anthraquinone at 20°C has a specific density of 1.438 g/cm 3 ), so that the coarser parts of the powdered additives that can be stirred into water or electrolyte solution, again quickly settles and after a short rest in the bottom of the vessel forms a compact layer, which can only be stirred up again with difficulty. The addition of the additive directly to the cooking liquor in the mixture of the lignocellulosic material and cooking liquor or in the form of slurrying in water or diluted electrolyte solutions is therefore also no way to reliably achieve an even distribution of the additives.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av et middel som inneholder organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser, tensider og eventuelt ytterligere stoffer, idet fremgangsmåten erkarakterisert vedat de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og eventuelt ytterligere bestanddeler av midlet i finfordelt form granuleres ved besprøytning med vann eller en vandig væske i en mengde fra 5 til 30 vekt-% (referert til midfflets finfordelte bestanddeler! og tørker det således dannede granulat. The invention relates to a method for producing an agent containing organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds, surfactants and possibly further substances, the method being characterized in that the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and possibly further constituents of the agent in finely divided form is granulated by spraying with water or an aqueous liquid in an amount of from 5 to 30% by weight (referred to the finely divided constituents of the medium!) and the thus formed granules are dried.
I fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen kan det som organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser, eksempelvis anvendes mono-, di- og/eller poly-cykliske, spesielt mono-, di- og/eller tricykliske, spesielt foretrukket tricykliske forbindelser som inneholder 2 keto-og/eller 2 hydroksygrupper. Fortrinnsvis kommer det hertil på tale p-benzokinon, 1,4-naftokinon, 9,10-antrakinon, Diels-Alder-addukter av 1,3-diener, f.eks. av usubstituert eller substituert butadien på p-benzokinon og/eller 1,4-naftokinon og/eller deres monoalkyl-, dialkyl-, hydroksy-, amino-, alkoksy-, alkylamino- og/eller sulfoderivater. Eksempelvis kan man anvende 9,10-antrakinon, 2-metylantrakinon, 2-etyl-antrakinon, 2,3-dimety1-9,10-antrakinon, 2,6-dimetylantrakinon, 2,7-dimetylantrakinon, 2-amino-antrakinon, 1-metoksy-antrakinon, 1,4,4a,9a-tétrahydro-9,10-diketoantracen, 2-étyl-1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydro-9,10-diketoantracen, 2,3-dimetyl-l,4-4a,9a-tetrahydro-9,10-diketoantracen, 1,4,4a,5,8,8a,9a,10a-oktahydro-9,10-diketoantracen, 1,3-dimetyl-l,4,4a,9a-tetra-hydro-9,10-diketoantracen og 2,3,6,7-tetrametyl-l,4,4a,5,8,-8a,9a,10a-oktahydro-9,10-diketoantracen. Man kan også anvende 2 eller flere av disse stoffer. Det er også mulig å anvende forbindelser som har 2 eller flere av de nevnte substituenter, eksempelvis hydroksy- og aminogrupper. Fortrinnsvis anvender man imidlertid bare ett av disse stoffer, helt spesielt foretrukket 9,10-antrakinon. In the method according to the invention, as organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds, for example, mono-, di- and/or polycyclic, especially mono-, di- and/or tricyclic, especially preferably tricyclic compounds containing 2 keto and/or 2 hydroxy groups. Preferably, p-benzoquinone, 1,4-naphthoquinone, 9,10-anthraquinone, Diels-Alder adducts of 1,3-dienes, e.g. of unsubstituted or substituted butadiene on p-benzoquinone and/or 1,4-naphthoquinone and/or their monoalkyl-, dialkyl-, hydroxy-, amino-, alkoxy-, alkylamino- and/or sulfoderivatives. For example, one can use 9,10-anthraquinone, 2-methylanthraquinone, 2-ethyl-anthraquinone, 2,3-dimethyl-9,10-anthraquinone, 2,6-dimethylanthraquinone, 2,7-dimethylanthraquinone, 2-amino-anthraquinone, 1-Methoxy-anthraquinone, 1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydro-9,10-diketoanthracene, 2-ethyl-1,4,4a,9a-tetrahydro-9,10-diketoanthracene, 2,3-dimethyl-1, 4-4a,9a-tetrahydro-9,10-diketoanthracene, 1,4,4a,5,8,8a,9a,10a-octahydro-9,10-diketoanthracene, 1,3-dimethyl-1,4,4a, 9a-tetrahydro-9,10-diketoanthracene and 2,3,6,7-tetramethyl-1,4,4a,5,8,-8a,9a,10a-octahydro-9,10-diketoanthracene. You can also use 2 or more of these substances. It is also possible to use compounds which have 2 or more of the aforementioned substituents, for example hydroxy and amino groups. Preferably, however, only one of these substances is used, most preferably 9,10-anthraquinone.
De organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige stoffer, spesielt 9,10-antrakinon, anvendes i fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen i finfordelt form. Eksempelvis kan de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser, spesielt 9,10-antrakinon, vil minst 80vvekt-% bestå av partikler med kornstørrelse under 10 \ im. De organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige stoffer, spesielt 9,10-antrakinon, består fortrinnsvis av minst 80 vekt-% av partikler med en kornstørrelse på under 5<y>m. The organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing substances, especially 9,10-anthraquinone, are used in the method according to the invention in finely divided form. For example, the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds, especially 9,10-anthraquinone, will at least 80% by weight consist of particles with a grain size below 10 µm. The organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing substances, especially 9,10-anthraquinone, preferably consist of at least 80% by weight of particles with a grain size of less than 5<y>m.
Man kan bringe de organiske, cykliske keto-og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser i en slik finfordelt form ved maling. For gjennomføring av en slik male-prosess kommer det eksempelvis på tale vanlige tørrknuse-apparater som kulemøller, rotor-stator-møller, stiftmøller, hammermøller og strålemøller, eventuelt med egnede etter-koplede sikter. Strålemøllene kan f.eks. drives med luft eller vanndamp. The organic, cyclic keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds can be brought into such a finely divided form by grinding. For the implementation of such a grinding process, common dry crushing devices such as ball mills, rotor-stator mills, pin mills, hammer mills and jet mills are used, possibly with suitable post-connected sieves. The jet mills can e.g. operated with air or steam.
I fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen kan det som tensider praktisk talt anvendes alle kationiske, ikke-ioniske og anioniske tensider. In the method according to the invention, practically all cationic, non-ionic and anionic surfactants can be used as surfactants.
Som kationiske tensider kommer det eksempelvis på tale kvarternære langkjedede og/eller oksetylerte aminer, kvarternære pyridiniumforbindelser eller langkjedede fosfo-niumforbindelser. Langkjedet betyr herved en karbonkjede med minst 4 C-atomer, fortrinnsvis med minst 6 C-atomer. Cationic surfactants include, for example, quaternary long-chain and/or oxethylated amines, quaternary pyridinium compounds or long-chain phosphonium compounds. The long chain here means a carbon chain with at least 4 C atoms, preferably with at least 6 C atoms.
Eksempler på kationiske tensider er spesielt: trimetyl-heksadecy1-ammoniumbromid, cety1-pyridinium-bromid, lauryl-dimetylbenzyl-ammoniumklorid, monoester av trietanol-amin med stearinsyre som maursure eller eddiksure salter, N-lauryl-metylbenzimidazol-klorhydrat og dodecyl-trimetyl-f osfoniumbicomid. Examples of cationic surfactants are in particular: trimethyl-hexadecy1-ammonium bromide, cety1-pyridinium bromide, lauryl-dimethylbenzyl-ammonium chloride, monoester of triethanolamine with stearic acid as formic or acetic acid salts, N-lauryl-methylbenzimidazole chlorohydrate and dodecyl-trimethyl- f osfonium ubicomide.
En stor del av disse forbindelser og andre aktuelle kationiske tensider er f.eks. omtalt i K. Lindner, Tenside - Textilhilfsmittel - Waschrohstoffe, bind 1, s. 9 63 til 1041 (1964). A large part of these compounds and other topical cationic surfactants are e.g. discussed in K. Lindner, Tenside - Textilhilfsmittel - Waschrohstoffe, vol. 1, pp. 9 63 to 1041 (1964).
Som ikke-ioniske tensider kommer det eksempelvis på tale tilleiringsprodukter av alkylenoksyder, spesielt etylenoksyd, til høyere fettsyrer, alkoholer, fenoler, syre-amider, merkaptaner, aminer eller alkylfenoler. Tilleirings-produktene kan keksempelvis fås av 5 til 50 mol alkylenoksyd og 1 mol fettsyre, alkohol, fenol, syreamid, merkaptan, amin eller alkylfenol, som minst har 4, fortrinnsvis minst 6 C-atomer. Som ikke-ionogene tensider kommer det også på tale tilleiringsprodukter av alkylenoksyder, spesielt etylenoksyd, til polypropylenoksyd eller til sukker, samt oksetylert og ikke-oksetylerte sukkerderivater som fettsyreestere av penta-erytritt eller av saccharose. Non-ionic surfactants include, for example, addition products of alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide, to higher fatty acids, alcohols, phenols, acid amides, mercaptans, amines or alkylphenols. The addition products can, for example, be obtained from 5 to 50 mol of alkylene oxide and 1 mol of fatty acid, alcohol, phenol, acid amide, mercaptan, amine or alkylphenol, which have at least 4, preferably at least 6 C atoms. Nonionic surfactants also include addition products of alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide, to polypropylene oxide or to sugar, as well as oxytylated and non-oxytylated sugar derivatives such as fatty acid esters of penta-erythritol or of sucrose.
Eksempler på ikke-ionogene tensider er spesielt: Tilleiringsprodukter av 5 til 20 mol etylenoksyd til stearinsyre, oleylalkohol, polypropylenglykol, nonylfenol, olje-syreamid og dodecylamin. Examples of non-ionic surfactants are in particular: Addition products of 5 to 20 mol ethylene oxide to stearic acid, oleyl alcohol, polypropylene glycol, nonylphenol, oleic acid amide and dodecylamine.
En stor del av disse forbindelser og ytterligere aktuelle ikke-ionogene tensider er f.eks. omtalt i N. Schonfeldt, Grenzflachenaktive Ethylenoxid-Addukte, s. 42 til 95 (1976) og i K. Lindner, Tenside - Textilhilfsmittel - Waschrohstoffe, bind 1, s. 837 til 917 (1964). A large part of these compounds and further relevant non-ionic surfactants are e.g. discussed in N. Schonfeldt, Grenzflachenaktive Ethylenoxid-Addukte, pp. 42 to 95 (1976) and in K. Lindner, Tenside - Textilhilfsmittel - Waschrohstoffe, vol. 1, pp. 837 to 917 (1964).
Fortrinnsvis anvendes iffremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen anioniske tensider. Som anioniske tensider kommer det eksempelvis på tale alkylsulfonater, sulfaterte umettede høyere fettsyrer, sulfonater av polykarboksylsyre- estere, alkylbenzensulfonater, sulfaterte, alifatiske alko-holder, med en uorganisk flerbasisk syre som fosforsyre eller spesielt svovelsyre, i sure estere overførte tilleiringsprodukter av etylenoksyd til høyere aminer, syrer, fenoler eller alkoholer samt ligninsulfonater eller derivater av ligninsulfonater, kondensasjonsprodukter av aromatiske sulfonsyrer og formaldehyd og polyfosfater. Anionic surfactants are preferably used in the method according to the invention. Anionic surfactants include, for example, alkylsulfonates, sulfated unsaturated higher fatty acids, sulfonates of polycarboxylic acid esters, alkylbenzenesulfonates, sulfated, aliphatic alcohol-containing, with an inorganic polybasic acid such as phosphoric acid or especially sulfuric acid, in acid esters transferred addition products of ethylene oxide to higher amines, acids, phenols or alcohols as well as ligninsulphonates or derivatives of ligninsulphonates, condensation products of aromatic sulphonic acids and formaldehyde and polyphosphates.
Eksempler på anioniske tensider er spesielt: Natriumdodecylsulfonat, natriumlaurylsulfat, natriumdodecyl-benzensulfonat, diisobutylnaftalinsulfonat, sure svovelsyre-estere av tilleiringsprodukter av 2 mol etylenoksyd til 1 Examples of anionic surfactants are in particular: Sodium dodecyl sulphonate, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, diisobutyl naphthalene sulphonate, acid sulfuric acid esters of addition products of 2 mol ethylene oxide to 1
mol nonylfenol, natriumdioktylsulfosuccinat, kondensasjonsprodukter av kresol, 2-naftol-6-sulfonsyre og formaldehyd, samt sulfonsyrer av naftalin, terfenyl eller ditolyleter, mol nonylphenol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, condensation products of cresol, 2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid and formaldehyde, as well as sulfonic acids of naphthalene, terphenyl or ditolyl ether,
hver gang kondensert med formaldehyd. Alle anioniske tensider anvendes fortrinnsvis i form av deres alkali- og/eller ammoniumsalter. each time condensed with formaldehyde. All anionic surfactants are preferably used in the form of their alkali and/or ammonium salts.
En stor del av disse forbindelser og ytterligere aktuelle anioniske tensider er omtalt i K. Lindner, Tenside - Textilhilfsmittel - Waschrohstoffe, bind 1, s. 571 til 835 (1964). A large part of these compounds and further relevant anionic surfactants are discussed in K. Lindner, Tenside - Textilhilfsmittel - Waschrohstoffe, volume 1, pp. 571 to 835 (1964).
I fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen anvendes spesielt foretrukket ligninsulfonater og/eller kondensasjonsprodukter av aromatiske sulfonsyrer og formaldehyd som tensider, f.eks. litium-, natrium-, kalium-, magnesium-, kal-sium- og/eller ammoniumsalter av ligninsulfonsyre. Det kan også anvendes ønskelige blandinger av anioniske og ikke-ioniske tensider. In the method according to the invention, lignin sulphonates and/or condensation products of aromatic sulphonic acids and formaldehyde are particularly preferably used as surfactants, e.g. lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and/or ammonium salts of ligninsulfonic acid. Desirable mixtures of anionic and non-ionic surfactants can also be used.
Tensidene kan eksempelvis anvendes i en slik mengde at det tørre granulat inneholder 60 til 99 vekt-% organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og 40 til 1 vekt-% tensider. Fortrinnsvis anvendes tensidene i en slik mengde at det tørre granulat inneholder 80 til 90 vekt-% organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og 20 til 10 vekt-% tensider. The surfactants can, for example, be used in such an amount that the dry granules contain 60 to 99% by weight of organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and 40 to 1% by weight of surfactants. The surfactants are preferably used in such an amount that the dry granules contain 80 to 90% by weight of organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and 20 to 10% by weight of surfactants.
Man kan gjennomføre fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen idet man blander de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser med tensidene, maler denne blanding og deretter å påsprøyte den malte blanding med vann eller vandig væske og tørker det således dannede granulat. Man kan også male tensidene separat på tilsvarende måte som de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og tilblande i malt form til de malte organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser. Videre kan man oppløse også tensidene i vann og anvende en slik vandig oppløsning til besprøytning av malte, organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser. Det er også mulig å The method according to the invention can be carried out by mixing the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds with the surfactants, grinding this mixture and then spraying the ground mixture with water or an aqueous liquid and drying the granules thus formed. The surfactants can also be ground separately in a similar way to the organic, cyclic, keto and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and mixed in ground form with the ground organic, cyclic, keto and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds. Furthermore, you can also dissolve the surfactants in water and use such an aqueous solution for spraying ground, organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds. It is also possible to
male en del av tensidene sammen med eller adskilt fradde organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og blande de malte tensider og de malte organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og å tilsette den resterende mengde av tensidene til vannet eller en vandig væske til besprøytning. Fortrinnsvis gjennomføres fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen idet man maler tensidene sammen med de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser. grinding a part of the surfactants together with or separately separated organic, cyclic, keto and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and mixing the ground surfactants and the ground organic, cyclic, keto and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and adding the remaining amount of the surfactants to the water or an aqueous liquid for spraying. The method according to the invention is preferably carried out by grinding the surfactants together with the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds.
Hvis midlet fremstilt ifølge oppfinnelsenIf the agent prepared according to the invention
skal anvendes i cellulosefremstillingsprosessen som gjennom-føres i alkalisk medium, kan det være fordelaktig til de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser før malingen eller til vannet resp. den vandige væske før besprøytningen å sette mindre mengder av et alkalisk reagerende stoff. Slike alkalisk reagerende stoffer spesielt alkalisk reagerende salter kan også ifførste rekke males på tilsvarende måte som de organiske, cykliske keto-og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og deretter i malt form tilblandes de malte, organiske, cykliske, keto-og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser før besprøytningen. Egnede alkaliske stoffer som kan tilsettes er eksempelvis NaOH, KOH, Na2C03, K2C03og/eller LiOH. Alkalisk reagerende stoffer kan eksempelvis tilsettes i mengder på fra 0,2 til 5 vekt-% (referert til det ferdige granulat). Tilsetningen av slike stoffer foregår fortrinnsvis til vannet eller til den vandige væske, hvormed det besprøytes. is to be used in the cellulose manufacturing process which is carried out in an alkaline medium, it can be advantageous to the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds before the paint or to the water or the aqueous liquid before spraying to put smaller amounts of an alkaline reacting substance. Such alkaline-reactive substances, especially alkaline-reactive salts, can also first of all be ground in a similar way to the organic, cyclic keto- and/or hydroxy-group-containing compounds and then in ground form the ground, organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy-group-containing compounds are mixed before spraying . Suitable alkaline substances that can be added are, for example, NaOH, KOH, Na2C03, K2C03 and/or LiOH. Alkaline reacting substances can, for example, be added in amounts of from 0.2 to 5% by weight (referred to the finished granulate). The addition of such substances preferably takes place to the water or to the aqueous liquid, with which it is sprayed.
Hvis midlene fremstilt ifølge oppfinnelsen før anvendelsen i en fremgangsmåte til cellulosefremstilling skal overføres i en vandig dispersjon kan det være fordelaktig til de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser før malingen å sette stoffer som bevirker en stabilisering av dispersjonen. Slike stoffer kan også i første rekke males på tilsvarende måte som de organiske, cykliske, keto-og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og deretter i malt form tilblandes til de malte organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser. Stoffer som bevirker en stabilisering av dispersjoner kan eksempelvis være: høydispers kiselsyre, magnesium- og alumi-niumsilikater, montmorillonitter som også kan inneholde organiske baser, kritt og/eller fortykningsmidler som metylcellulose, hydroksymetylcellulose, hydroksyetylcellulose, karboksy-metylcellulose samt polyakrylater og/eller polymetakrylater og/eller deres blandingspolymerisater samt kombinasjoner av de nevnte stoffer. Slike stoffer kan eksempelvis tilsettes i mengder fra 1 til 5 vekt-%, fortrinnsvis fra 0,1 til 1 vekt-% (hver gang referert til det feridge granulat). If the agents produced according to the invention are to be transferred in an aqueous dispersion prior to use in a method for cellulose production, it may be advantageous to add substances that stabilize the dispersion to the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds before the paint. Such substances can also primarily be ground in a similar manner to the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy-group-containing compounds and then mixed in ground form with the ground organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy-group-containing compounds. Substances that stabilize dispersions can be, for example: highly dispersed silicic acid, magnesium and aluminum silicates, montmorillonites which may also contain organic bases, chalk and/or thickeners such as methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose as well as polyacrylates and/or polymethacrylates and/or their mixed polymers as well as combinations of the aforementioned substances. Such substances can, for example, be added in amounts from 1 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 1% by weight (each time referred to the ferridge granulate).
Til de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og/eller til vannet resp. den vandige væske til besprøytning kan det videre settes konserveringsmidler. Som konserveringsmidler kommer det på tale stoffer som f.eks. hindrer muggdannelse og/eller bakterie-angrep. Hertil er det egnet vanlige konserveringsmidler f.eks. pentaklorfenolnatrium og addisjonsprodukter av para-formaldehyd med aromatiske alkoholer, spesielt,benzylalkohol. Konserveringsmidler kan eksempelvis tilsettes i mengder fira To the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and/or to the water or preservatives can also be added to the aqueous liquid for spraying. Preservatives include substances such as e.g. prevents mold formation and/or bacterial attack. Common preservatives are suitable for this, e.g. pentachlorophenol sodium and addition products of para-formaldehyde with aromatic alcohols, in particular, benzyl alcohol. Preservatives can, for example, be added in quantities of four
0 til 3 vekt-%, fortrinnsvis i mengder fra 0,0 5 til 0,5 vekt-% 0 to 3% by weight, preferably in amounts from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight
(hver gang referert til det ferdige granulat). Hvis kon-serveringsmidlene ikke eller bare er dårligeoppløselige i vann, tilsettes de fortrinnsvis til de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser før malingen eller males separat på tilsvarende måte som de organiske, cykliske keto-. og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og tilblandes i malt form til de malte, organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser. I vann (each time referred to the finished granulate). If the preservatives are not or only poorly soluble in water, they are preferably added to the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds before painting or are ground separately in a similar manner to the organic, cyclic keto-. and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and is mixed in ground form with the ground, organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds. In water
oppløselige konserveringsmidler tilséfetes fortrinnsvis til vannet eller til den vandige væske til besprøytning. soluble preservatives are preferably added to the water or to the aqueous liquid for spraying.
Ved fremstillingen av midlet ifølge oppfinnelsen kan det være fordelaktig å innføre ytterligere bestanddeler, eventuelt i tillegg til alkalisk reagerende stoffer og/eller konserveringsmidler. Slike ytterligere bestanddeler kan eksempelvis være uorganiske salter, kullhydrater, urinstoff, urinstoffderivater og/eller vannopp-løselige polymerer. In the preparation of the agent according to the invention, it may be advantageous to introduce further components, possibly in addition to alkaline reacting substances and/or preservatives. Such additional components can be, for example, inorganic salts, carbohydrates, urea, urea derivatives and/or water-soluble polymers.
De tidligere omtalte tilsetninger av organiske salter, urinstoff og urinstoffderivater, kullhydrater og/eller vannoppløselige polymerer kan vanligvis settes til vannet resp. den vandige væske til besprøytning og/eller til de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser før eller etter deres maling. Når tilsetningene tilsettes etter malingen av de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser, males de hensiktsmessig separat på samme måte som de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser. The previously mentioned additions of organic salts, urea and urea derivatives, carbohydrates and/or water-soluble polymers can usually be added to the water or the aqueous liquid for spraying and/or to the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds before or after their painting. When the additives are added after the grinding of the organic, cyclic, keto and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds, they are suitably ground separately in the same way as the organic, cyclic, keto and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds.
Eksempler på uorganiske salter er klorider og sulfater av alkalimetaller, magnesium og ammonium, spesielt magnesiumsulfat, kaliumsulfat, natriumsulfat, kaliumklorid, ammoniumsulfat, litiumsulfat og ammoniumklorid. Slike tilsetninger kan f.eks. foregå i mengder fra 0 til 80 vekt-%, fortrinnsvis fra 0 til 20 vekt-% (referert til det ferdige granulat). Tilsetningene av uorganiske salter foregår fortrinnsvis til de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser før deres maling. Examples of inorganic salts are chlorides and sulphates of alkali metals, magnesium and ammonium, especially magnesium sulphate, potassium sulphate, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulphate, lithium sulphate and ammonium chloride. Such additions can e.g. take place in amounts from 0 to 80% by weight, preferably from 0 to 20% by weight (referred to the finished granulate). The additions of inorganic salts preferably take place to the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds before their grinding.
Tilsetninger av urinstoff og urinstoffderivater kan f.eks. foregå i mengder fra 0 til 2 0 vekt-%, fortrinnsvis fra 0 til 10 vekt-% (referert til det ferdige granulat) . Tilsetningen av urinstoff eller urinstoffderivater foregår fortrinnsvis til de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/ eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser før deres maling. Additions of urea and urea derivatives can e.g. take place in amounts from 0 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0 to 10% by weight (referred to the finished granulate). The addition of urea or urea derivatives preferably takes place to the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds before their grinding.
Eksempler på kullhydrater er stivelse, sukker, metylcellulose og hydroksypropylmetylcellulose. Slike til setninger kan f.eks. foregå i mengder fra 0 til 20 vekt-%, fortrinnsvis fra 0 til 10vvekt-% (referert til det ferdÆge granulat). Tilsetningen av kullhydrater til de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser foregår før deres maling og/eller til vannet, hvormed det sprøytes. Examples of carbohydrates are starch, sugar, methylcellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. Such sentences can e.g. take place in amounts from 0 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0 to 10% by weight (referred to the finished granulate). The addition of carbohydrates to the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds takes place before their grinding and/or to the water with which it is sprayed.
Eksempler på vannoppløselige polymerer er polyvinylalkohol, polyvinylpyrrolidon eller blandinger av rørsukkere og natriumsalter av polymere karboksysyrer og polyoksyetylenetere. Slike tilsetninger kan f.eks. foregå Examples of water-soluble polymers are polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone or mixtures of cane sugar and sodium salts of polymeric carboxylic acids and polyoxyethylene ethers. Such additions can e.g. take place
i mengder fra 0 til 15 vekt-%, fortrinnsvis fra 0 til 8 vekt-% (referert til det ferdige granulat). Tilsetningen av vannoppløselige polymerer foregår fortrinnsvis til vannet, hvormed det sprøytes. in amounts from 0 to 15% by weight, preferably from 0 to 8% by weight (referred to the finished granulate). The addition of water-soluble polymers preferably takes place to the water, with which it is sprayed.
Alle disse tilsetninger har den fordel at de befordrer brodannelse mellom enkeltpartiklene av de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser og dermed letter granulatets oppbygning. All these additives have the advantage that they promote bridging between the individual particles of the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds and thus facilitate the structure of the granulate.
Når det ved fremstillingen av midlet frem-stiltiifølge oppfinnelsen ved siden av tensider også anvendes alkalisk reagerende stoffer, konserveringsmidler, uorganiske salter, urinstoff eller urinstoffderivater og/eller vannoppløselige polymerer utgjør summen av disse tilsetninger (innbefattende tensider) fortrinnsvis tilsammen ikke mer enn 30 vekt-% (referert til det ferdige granulat). When, in the production of the agent manufactured according to the invention, in addition to surfactants, alkaline-reactive substances, preservatives, inorganic salts, urea or urea derivatives and/or water-soluble polymers are also used, the sum of these additives (including surfactants) preferably together does not exceed 30 wt. % (referred to the finished granulate).
I vannet resp. den vandige væske til besprøyt-ning kan det også være inneholdt organiske, med vann blandbare oppløsningsmidler. Slike oppløsningsmidler kan eksempelvis være alkoholer, spesielt slike med 1 til 8 C-atomer, eksempelvis metanol, etanol, isopropanol og butanol. Slike oppløsningsmidler kan settes til vannet resp. den vandige væske, eksempelvis i mengder fra 0 til 4 0 vekt-% (referert til vann) og har den fordel at de kan bevirke en bedre over-flatefuktning av de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser. In the water or the aqueous liquid for spraying may also contain organic, water-miscible solvents. Such solvents can for example be alcohols, especially those with 1 to 8 C atoms, for example methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and butanol. Such solvents can be added to the water or the aqueous liquid, for example in amounts from 0 to 40% by weight (referred to water) and have the advantage that they can cause a better surface wetting of the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds.
Til sprøytning kan det videre anvendes væsker som inneholder vann, eventuelt tensider og en eller flere av de ovennevnte tilsetninger i ønskelig kombinasjon. For spraying, liquids containing water, possibly surfactants and one or more of the above-mentioned additives in the desired combination can also be used.
Sprøytningen av de finfordelte, organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser som eventuelt kan inneholde de omtalte tilsetninger med vann eller vandig væske kan foretas ivvanlige apparater til oppbygningsgranulering. Eksempelvis kommer det hertil på tale blandegranulatorer, siktgranulatorer, tallerkengranu-latorer, ekstrudere og virvelsjikt- resp. strømningslagrings-granulatorer. Granuleringen kan gjennomføres så vel diskon-tinuerlig som også kontinuerlig. Sprøytningen foregår med vann eller en vandig væske som kan inneholde de tidligere omtale bestanddeler i en mengde fra 5 til 30 vekt-% vann eller vandig væske (referert til finfordelte bestanddeler). Fortrinnsvis er mengden 5 til 15 vekt-%. Til sprøytning The spraying of the finely divided, organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds, which may possibly contain the aforementioned additives, with water or aqueous liquid can be carried out in conventional devices for build-up granulation. For example, this includes mixing granulators, sieve granulators, plate granulators, extruders and fluidized bed resp. flow storage granulators. The granulation can be carried out intermittently as well as continuously. The spraying takes place with water or an aqueous liquid which may contain the previously mentioned components in an amount of from 5 to 30% by weight of water or aqueous liquid (referred to finely divided components). Preferably, the amount is 5 to 15% by weight. For spraying
kan det anvendes vanlige dyser. Fortrinnsvis anvendes to-stoffdyser for åffrembringe en mest mulig fin sprøytetåke. normal nozzles can be used. Preferably, two-material nozzles are used to produce the finest possible spray mist.
Sprøytningen kan eksempelvis gjennomføresThe spraying can be carried out, for example
ved 10 til 60°C og trykk i området fra 0,5 til 2,5 bar. Fortrinnsvis gjennomføres sprøytningen ved værelsestemperatur inntil 40°C og ved trykk i området fra 1 til 2 bar. at 10 to 60°C and pressure in the range from 0.5 to 2.5 bar. The spraying is preferably carried out at room temperature up to 40°C and at pressure in the range from 1 to 2 bar.
Etter sprøytning foreligger fuktige granulater. Disse tørkes dessuten ifølge oppfinnelsen. For tørk-ningen kan det anvendes vanlige tørkeapparater, eksempelvis rørtørkere, sirkulasjonstørkeskap, tørkebånd eller fryse-tørkere. Fortrinnsvis anvendes virvelsjikt- resp. strøm-ningslagrings-tørkere. Egnede tørkebetingelser er eksempelvis temperaturer i området fra 40 til 90°C og trykk i området fra 0,5 til 2,5 bar. Fortrinnsvis foregår tørkning ved temperaturer ioområdet fra 60 til 80°C og ved trykk i området fra 1 til 2 bar. After spraying, moist granules are present. These are also dried according to the invention. For drying, ordinary drying devices can be used, for example pipe dryers, circulation drying cabinets, drying belts or freeze dryers. Preferably, a fluidized bed or flow storage dryers. Suitable drying conditions are, for example, temperatures in the range from 40 to 90°C and pressure in the range from 0.5 to 2.5 bar. Drying preferably takes place at temperatures in the range from 60 to 80°C and at pressures in the range from 1 to 2 bar.
Det kan være fordelaktig fra de således dannede tørre granulater å utsikte støvformede og større agglo-metaer. Hertil kan det anvendes vanlige siktemaskiner. Fortrinnsvis har ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte granulater eventuelt etter utsiktning en partikkeldiameter i området fra 0,1 til 5 mm, fortrinnsvis i området fra 0,2 til 2 mm. De finere deler kan eventuelt igjen tilbakeføres i sprøyt- It can be advantageous to separate dust-shaped and larger agglomerates from the thus formed dry granules. Normal sifting machines can be used for this. Granules produced according to the invention preferably have a particle diameter in the range from 0.1 to 5 mm, preferably in the range from 0.2 to 2 mm. The finer parts can possibly be returned to the spray-
ningen, de grovere partikler eventuelt til maling.ning, the coarser particles possibly for paint.
De ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte midler kan ha en meget høy del av det egentlige virksomme stoff fra gruppen av organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser som eksempelvis kan utgjøre 80 til 90 vekt-% (referert til det ferdige granulat). De ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte midler danner ved innføringen i vann eller ved cellulosefremstillingen (f.eks. etter kraft- eller sodaprosessen) vanlige oppslutningsoppløs-ninger spontane dispersgoner, hvori de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser overvei-ende foreligger i partikkelstørrelser på under 10 ym. Derved kan den gunstige effekt ved nærvær av.disse forbindelser ved cellulosefremstillingsfremgangsmåten utnyttes opti-malt, da det på enkel måte oppnås den jevne fordeling av disse forbindelser. De ifølge oppfinnelsen.fremstilte midler endrer seg heller ikke ved lengre åagring under vanlige lagringsbetingelser. Ved den kornede beskaffenhet er de godt risledyktige, godt doserbare og kan håndteres med stor arbeidssikkerhet. The agents produced according to the invention can have a very high proportion of the actual active substance from the group of organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds, which can for example amount to 80 to 90% by weight (referred to the finished granules). The agents produced according to the invention, when introduced into water or during the cellulose production (e.g. after the kraft or soda process) common dissolving solutions form spontaneous dispersions, in which the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds are predominantly present in particle sizes of less than 10 ym. Thereby, the beneficial effect of the presence of these compounds in the cellulose manufacturing process can be optimally utilized, as the even distribution of these compounds is achieved in a simple way. The agents produced according to the invention also do not change during longer aging under normal storage conditions. Due to their granular nature, they are well-dried, easy to dose and can be handled with great work safety.
Vanlige i teknikken anvendte oppbygnings-granulater, eksempelvis på området fargestoffer, plantebe-skyttelsesmidler og farmasøytika som ble fremstilt på tilsvarende måte som de ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte granulater, inneholder vanligvis 5 til maksimalt 70 vekt-% av det for anvendelsen vesentlige stoff. Overraskende kan det ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilles granulater som inneholder inntil 9 0 vekt-% og mere organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser. Slike høykonsentrerte granulater har den fordel, at på den ene side benyttes lite tilsetningsstoffer og dermed holdes transportomkostningene og risikoen ved anvendelsen lav, på den annen side fås imidlertid allikevel en godt disperger-ende stofform. Conventional building granules used in the art, for example in the area of dyes, plant protection agents and pharmaceuticals which were produced in a similar way to the granules produced according to the invention, usually contain 5 to a maximum of 70% by weight of the substance essential for the application. Surprisingly, with the method according to the invention, granules containing up to 90% by weight and more of organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds can be produced. Such highly concentrated granules have the advantage that, on the one hand, little additives are used and thus the transport costs and the risk of use are kept low, on the other hand, however, a well-dispersing substance form is still obtained.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører en fremgangsmåte til cellulosefremstilling fra lignocellulosematerialer i nærvær av organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser idet denne fremgangsmåten erkarakterisert vedat det anvendes de organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser i form av det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel. The invention relates to a process for the production of cellulose from lignocellulosic materials in the presence of organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds, as this method is characterized by using the organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds in the form of the agent produced according to the invention.
Med begrepet "fremgangsmåte til cellulosefremstilling" forstås derved alle fremgangsmåter og frem-gangsmåtetrinn hvor det på lignin i lignin og cellulose-holdige materialer innvirkes på kjemisk måte. Eksempler herpå er alkaliske, nøytrale og sure oppslutningsfremgangs-måter ved lignocellulosematerialer som tre, strå, bagasse og gress samt blekefremgangsmåter ved delvis eller sterkt oppsluttet lignocellulosematerialer. The term "method for cellulose production" is thereby understood to mean all methods and process steps where the lignin in lignin and cellulose-containing materials is acted upon chemically. Examples of this are alkaline, neutral and acidic digestion methods for lignocellulosic materials such as wood, straw, bagasse and grass, as well as bleaching methods for partially or strongly digested lignocellulosic materials.
Med unntak av anvendelsen av det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel kan cellulosefremstillingen gjennomføres ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen på i og for seg kjent måte. Eksempelvis kan denne fremgangsmåte gjennomføres idet man digererer lignocellulosematerialer i en sulfitoppløsning som kan være sur, nøytral eller alkalisk og tilfører til digereringsoppløsningen før eller etter til-setning av lignocellulosematerialet det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel. Man kan anvende det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel også i de kjente cellulosefremstillings-fremgangsmåter som betegnes som kraftfremgangsmåter, soda-fremgangsmåter og polysulfidfremgangsmåter. Man kan anvende det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel videre i den kjente oksygen-alkali-fremgangsmåte til cellulosefremstilling og/ eller i de for cellulosefremstillingen kjente blekefremgangsmåter . With the exception of the use of the agent produced according to the invention, the cellulose production can be carried out by the method according to the invention in a manner known per se. For example, this method can be carried out by digesting lignocellulosic materials in a sulphite solution which can be acidic, neutral or alkaline and adding the agent produced according to the invention to the digestion solution before or after adding the lignocellulosic material. The agent produced according to the invention can also be used in the known cellulose production methods which are referred to as kraft methods, soda methods and polysulphide methods. The agent produced according to the invention can also be used in the known oxygen-alkali process for cellulose production and/or in the bleaching processes known for cellulose production.
I fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen til cellulosefremstilling og celluloseblekning kan det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel eksempelvis anvendes i en mengde fra 0,001 til 10 vekt-% (referert til lignocellulosematerialet) . Fortrinnsvis anvendes i fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen til cellulosefremstilling 9,10-antrakinon i form av det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel. Spesielt foretrukket er derved anvendelsen av det innen rammen av det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel som foretrukket betegnede middel. In the method according to the invention for cellulose production and cellulose bleaching, the agent produced according to the invention can for example be used in an amount from 0.001 to 10% by weight (referred to the lignocellulose material). Preferably, 9,10-anthraquinone is used in the method according to the invention for cellulose production in the form of the agent produced according to the invention. Particular preference is thereby given to the use of the agent produced according to the invention as a preferred agent.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen til cellulosefremstilling har en rekke fordeler. Således er eksempelvis doseringen og jevn fordeling av organiske, cykliske, keto- og/eller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser mulig uten vanskeligheter og det fås som følge herav cellulose av enhetlig kvalitet. Videre er det mulig å realisere de under ideelle betingelser i laboratoriemåle-stokk fastslåtte positive effekter av tilsetningen av organiske, cykliske, keto- og/éller hydroksygruppeholdige forbindelser i stortekniske cellulosefremstillingsanlegg. The method according to the invention for cellulose production has a number of advantages. Thus, for example, the dosage and even distribution of organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds is possible without difficulty and cellulose of uniform quality is obtained as a result. Furthermore, it is possible to realize the positive effects of the addition of organic, cyclic, keto- and/or hydroxy group-containing compounds in large-scale cellulose production plants established under ideal conditions in a laboratory measuring stick.
Ved laboratorieeksperimentene ble f.eks. lignocellulosematerialet beveget i oppslutnings- resp. blekevæsken hvilket letter fordelingen av tilsetningsstoffene. I stortekniske cellulosefremstillingsanlegg er dette bare tilfelle i underordnet grad og dermed vanskeliggjøres fordelingen av tilsetningsstoffene når de ikke anvendes i form av det ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte middel. In the laboratory experiments, e.g. The lignocellulosic material moved in digestion or the bleaching liquid, which facilitates the distribution of the additives. In high-tech cellulose manufacturing plants, this is only the case to a lesser extent and thus the distribution of the additives is made difficult when they are not used in the form of the agent produced according to the invention.
Eksempel 1Example 1
80 vektdeler 9,10-antrakinon ble blandet med 18 vektdeler forstøvningstørket sulfitavlut som inneholder ligninsulfonater og 2 vektdeler diisobutylnaftalin-natriumsulfonat og strålemålt. Partikkelstørrelsen av den pulverformede blanding lå deretter under 10 ym. Denne pulverformede blanding ble granulert i en blandegranulator med rivende elementer under besprøytning med 8 vekt-% vann (referert til den pulverformede blanding). Etter tørkning av granulatet ble partiklene med en partikkelstørrelse i området fra 0,2 til 2,0 mm utsiktet. Produktet var støv-fritt og spontant dispergerbart i vann. Produktet kan doseres over volumet og det lar seg godt innrøre i treoppslutningslut. 80 parts by weight of 9,10-anthraquinone was mixed with 18 parts by weight of spray-dried sulphite liquor containing lignin sulphonates and 2 parts by weight of sodium diisobutylnaphthalene sulphonate and beam measured. The particle size of the powdered mixture was then below 10 µm. This powdered mixture was granulated in a mixing granulator with shredding elements while spraying with 8% by weight of water (referred to the powdered mixture). After drying the granules, the particles with a particle size in the range from 0.2 to 2.0 mm were observed. The product was dust-free and spontaneously dispersible in water. The product can be dosed over the volume and it can be well mixed into the wood finish.
Eksempel 2Example 2
Det ble gått frem som i eksempel 1, imidlertid ble det anvendt 85 vektdeler 9,10-antrakinon, 13 vektdeler forstøvningstørket sulfitavlut som inneholdt ligninsulfonater og 2 vektdeler diisobutylnaftalin-natriumsulfonat og den pulverformede blanding granulert i en siktgranulator. Det således dannede produkt hadde samme egenskaper som produktet fra eksempel 1. The procedure was as in example 1, but 85 parts by weight of 9,10-anthraquinone, 13 parts by weight of spray-dried sulphite liquor containing lignin sulphonates and 2 parts by weight of diisobutylnaphthalene sodium sulphonate were used and the powdered mixture was granulated in a sieve granulator. The product thus formed had the same properties as the product from example 1.
Eksempel 3Example 3
Det ble gått frem som i eksempel 1, imidlertid ble det anvendt 75 vektdeler 9,10-antrakinon, 23 vektdeler forstøvningstørket sulfitavlut som inneholdt ligninsulfonater og 2 vektdeler diisobutylnaftalin-natriumsulfonat og den pulverformede blanding granulert i en tallerken-granulator. Det således dannede produkt hadde samme egenskaper som produktet fra eksempel 1. The procedure was as in example 1, however, 75 parts by weight of 9,10-anthraquinone, 23 parts by weight of spray-dried sulphite liquor containing lignin sulphonates and 2 parts by weight of sodium diisobutyl naphthalene sulphonate were used and the powdered mixture was granulated in a plate granulator. The product thus formed had the same properties as the product from example 1.
Eksempel 4Example 4
Det ble gått frem som i eksempel 1, imidlertid ble 9 0 vektdeler 9,10-antrakinon, 2 vektdeler diisobutyl-naf talin-natriumsulfonat og 8 vektdeler forstøvningstørket sulfitavlut granulert i en virvelsjiktsgranulator (fremstiller: Aeromatik, Muttenz, Sveits). Det således dannede produkt hadde samme egenskaper som produktet fra eksempel 1. Det lar seg godt innrøre i treoppslutningslut fra kraft- og sodaprosessen. The procedure was as in Example 1, however, 90 parts by weight of 9,10-anthraquinone, 2 parts by weight of diisobutyl-naphthalene-sodium sulphonate and 8 parts by weight of spray-dried sulphite liquor were granulated in a fluidized bed granulator (manufacturer: Aeromatik, Muttenz, Switzerland). The product formed in this way had the same properties as the product from example 1. It can be well mixed into wood pulp from the kraft and soda process.
Eksempel 5Example 5
80 vektdeler 1,4-benzokinon ble blandet med80 parts by weight of 1,4-benzoquinone were mixed with
18 vektdeler forstøvningstørket sulfitavlut som inneholder ligninsulfonater og 2 vektdeler diisobutylnaftalin-natrium-sulf onat og strålemalt. Den pulverformede blandings par-tikkelstørrelse lå deretter under 10 ym. Denne pulverformede blanding ble granulert i en virvelsjiktgranulator (fremstiller: Aeromatik, Muttenz, Sveits) under sprøytning med 9 vekt-% vann (referert til pulverformet blanding). Etter tørkning av granulatet ble partiklene med en partikkelstørrelse i området 0,2 til 2,0 mm frasiktet. Produktet var støvfritt, risledyktig og spontant dispergerbart i vann. 18 parts by weight spray-dried sulphite liquor containing lignin sulphonates and 2 parts by weight diisobutyl naphthalene sodium sulphonate and jet malt. The particle size of the powdered mixture was then below 10 µm. This powdered mixture was granulated in a fluidized bed granulator (manufacturer: Aeromatik, Muttenz, Switzerland) while spraying with 9% by weight of water (referred to powdered mixture). After drying the granules, the particles with a particle size in the range of 0.2 to 2.0 mm were sieved off. The product was dust-free, flowable and spontaneously dispersible in water.
Eksempel 6Example 6
Det ble gått frem som i eksempel 5, imidlertid ble det anvendt 90 vektdeler 2-aminoantrakinon, 8vvekt-deler forstøvningstørket sulfitavlut som inneholder ligninsulfonater og 2 vektdeler diisobutylnaftalin-natriumsulfonat og granulert under sprøyr.tnding med 8 vekt-% vann. De etter tørkning utsiktede bestanddeler med partikkelstørrelse under 0,2 mm og over 2,0 mm ble tilbakeført i prosessen. Produktet lar seg godt innrøre i såkalt hvitlut (vandig oppløsning av oppslutningskjemikalier) ved kraft- og sodafremgangsmåten og danner deri spontant en dispersjon. The procedure was as in example 5, however, 90 parts by weight of 2-aminoanthraquinone, 8 parts by weight of spray-dried sulphite liquor containing lignin sulphonates and 2 parts by weight of diisobutylnaphthalene sodium sulphonate were used and granulated under spraying with 8% by weight of water. After drying, the constituents with a particle size below 0.2 mm and above 2.0 mm were returned to the process. The product can be mixed well in so-called white liquor (aqueous solution of digestion chemicals) by the kraft and soda process and spontaneously forms a dispersion in it.
Eksempel 7Example 7
Det ble gått frem som i eksempel 4, imidlertid ble det istedenfor den diskontinuerlige arbeidende virvelsjiktsgranulator anvendt en kontinuerlig arbeidende strømningslagringsgranulator (strømningslagring unit 38, fremstiller: Anhydro, København, Danmark). The procedure was the same as in example 4, but instead of the discontinuously working fluidized bed granulator, a continuously working flow storage granulator was used (flow storage unit 38, manufacturer: Anhydro, Copenhagen, Denmark).
Produktet førte innført i vann.eller treoppslutningslut av kraft- og sodaprosessen spontant til dispersgoner med god finfordeling. Introduced into water or wood at the end of the kraft and soda process, the product led spontaneously to dispersions with good fine distribution.
Eksempel 8Example 8
Det ble gått frem som i eksempel 6, imidlertid ble det anvendt en strømningslagringsgranulator tilsvarende eksempel 7. The procedure was as in example 6, however, a flow storage granulator corresponding to example 7 was used.
Produktet førte innrørt. i.. vann eller treoppslutningslut fra kraft- og sodaprosessen spontant til dispersjoner med god finfordeling. The product led stirred. i.. water or wood digestion end from the kraft and soda process spontaneously into dispersions with good fine distribution.
Eksempel 9Example 9
Det ble gått frem som ieeksempel 4, imidlertid ble det anvendt følgende stoffer: The procedure was the same as in example 4, but the following substances were used:
Det ble dannet granulater som dispergerer spontant i kraft- og sodaoppslutningslut, er støvfri, risledyktig og doserbare over volum. Granules were formed which disperse spontaneously in kraft and soda ash, are dust-free, free-flowing and can be dosed by volume.
Eksempel 10Example 10
80 vektdeler 9,10-antrakinon, 8 vektdeler forstøvningstørket sulfitavlut som inneholder ligninsulfonater, 2 vektdeler diisobutylnaftalin-natriumsulfonat og 10 vektdeler urinstoff ble blandet og strilemålt. Den pulverformede blandings partikkelstørrelse lå deretter under 10 ym. Denne blanding ble granulert på samme måte som omtalt i eksempel 1. Produktet var støvfritt og spontant dispergerbart i vann. Produktet kan doseres over volumet og lar seg godt innrøre i treoppslutningslut. 80 parts by weight of 9,10-anthraquinone, 8 parts by weight of spray-dried sulfite liquor containing lignin sulfonates, 2 parts by weight of sodium diisobutyl naphthalene sulfonate and 10 parts by weight of urea were mixed and metered. The particle size of the powdered mixture was then below 10 µm. This mixture was granulated in the same way as described in example 1. The product was dust-free and spontaneously dispersible in water. The product can be dosed over the volume and can be well mixed into the wood finish.
Eksempel 11Example 11
Det ble gått frem som i eksempel 10, imidlertid ble det istedenfor urinstoff anvendt 10 vektdeler polyvinylalkohol. Produktets egenskaper var som angitt i eksempel 10. The procedure was the same as in example 10, but instead of urea, 10 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol were used. The properties of the product were as stated in Example 10.
Eksempel 12Example 12
Det ble gått frem som i eksempel 10, imidlertid ble det istedenfor urinstoff anvendt 10 vektdeler sukker. Produktets egenskaper var som angitt i eksempel 10. The procedure was the same as in example 10, but instead of urea, 10 parts by weight of sugar were used. The properties of the product were as stated in Example 10.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19792925545 DE2925545A1 (en) | 1979-06-25 | 1979-06-25 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MEDIUM CONTAINING ORGANIC, CYCLIC, KETO- AND / OR HYDROGROUPES AND COMPOSITIONS AND SURFACES, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING CELLS BY USING THIS MEDIUM |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO801730L true NO801730L (en) | 1980-12-29 |
Family
ID=6074074
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO801730A NO801730L (en) | 1979-06-25 | 1980-06-10 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN AGENT CONTAINING ORGANIC, CYCLIC, KETO- AND / OR HYDROXY GROUP-SUBSTANCES AND TENSIDES, AND PROCEDURES FOR CELLULOSE PREPARATION USING |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0021263B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS564792A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE979T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5921380A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8003940A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1142714A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE2925545A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI802000A7 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO801730L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ194112A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA803765B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE15771T1 (en) * | 1981-09-08 | 1985-10-15 | Interox Chemicals Ltd | GRANULATION. |
| CA1272339A (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1990-07-31 | Paul James Mollinger | Process for pelletization of powder materials and products therefrom |
| JPS6197492A (en) * | 1984-10-18 | 1986-05-15 | 川崎化成工業株式会社 | High concentration pulp cooking aid aqueous solution |
| WO1995029288A1 (en) * | 1994-04-26 | 1995-11-02 | Harima Chemicals, Inc. | Pulp digestion aid |
| JP3989153B2 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2007-10-10 | 王子製紙株式会社 | Lignocellulosic cooking aid and pulp production method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE967976C (en) * | 1953-04-21 | 1958-01-02 | Kali Forschungsanstalt G M B H | Process for granulating fertilizers |
| CH635862A5 (en) * | 1977-10-15 | 1983-04-29 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for granulation of pigments. |
| DE2827111A1 (en) * | 1978-06-21 | 1980-01-10 | Bayer Ag | AGENTS FOR USE IN CELL PROCESSING |
-
1979
- 1979-06-25 DE DE19792925545 patent/DE2925545A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-06-10 NO NO801730A patent/NO801730L/en unknown
- 1980-06-11 AU AU59213/80A patent/AU5921380A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1980-06-12 DE DE8080103277T patent/DE3060363D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-06-12 EP EP80103277A patent/EP0021263B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-06-12 AT AT80103277T patent/ATE979T1/en active
- 1980-06-23 FI FI802000A patent/FI802000A7/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-06-23 NZ NZ194112A patent/NZ194112A/en unknown
- 1980-06-23 CA CA000354578A patent/CA1142714A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-06-23 JP JP8413080A patent/JPS564792A/en active Pending
- 1980-06-24 ZA ZA00803765A patent/ZA803765B/en unknown
- 1980-06-24 BR BR8003940A patent/BR8003940A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2925545A1 (en) | 1981-01-29 |
| DE3060363D1 (en) | 1982-06-24 |
| CA1142714A (en) | 1983-03-15 |
| EP0021263A2 (en) | 1981-01-07 |
| AU5921380A (en) | 1981-01-08 |
| NZ194112A (en) | 1983-03-15 |
| EP0021263B1 (en) | 1982-05-05 |
| EP0021263A3 (en) | 1981-01-21 |
| BR8003940A (en) | 1981-01-13 |
| ZA803765B (en) | 1981-07-29 |
| ATE979T1 (en) | 1982-05-15 |
| FI802000A7 (en) | 1981-01-01 |
| JPS564792A (en) | 1981-01-19 |
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