NO783486L - OXIDATION RESISTANT AND DURABLE COATED ITEM - Google Patents
OXIDATION RESISTANT AND DURABLE COATED ITEMInfo
- Publication number
- NO783486L NO783486L NO783486A NO783486A NO783486L NO 783486 L NO783486 L NO 783486L NO 783486 A NO783486 A NO 783486A NO 783486 A NO783486 A NO 783486A NO 783486 L NO783486 L NO 783486L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- accordance
- alloy
- weight
- blade
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical group [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910003470 tongbaite Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010941 cobalt Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000866 electrolytic etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000816 inconels 718 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000880 inconels 792 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
- F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
Gjenstand belagt med oksydasjons-Item coated with oxidation
bestandig og slitesterkt belegg.permanent and durable coating.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører et beskyttende belegg og gjenstander belagt med dette, nærmere bestemt belegg som er oksydasjonsbestandige og slitesterke ved høye temperaturer og beregnet for anvendelse på gjenstander av superlegeringer. The present invention relates to a protective coating and objects coated with it, more specifically coatings which are oxidation-resistant and wear-resistant at high temperatures and intended for use on objects made of superalloys.
I moderne gassturbinmotorer må visse motorkomponenter, f.eks. turbinskovler av superlegeringer, være oksydasjonsbestandige og slitesterke ved høye temperaturer. Disse egenskaper er særlig viktige når det gjelder området om Z-sporet i en skovlspissvange, som står i friksjonskontakt med tilstøtende skovlers Z-spor og utsettes for alvorlig slitasje og oksydasjon. Tidligere er Z-sporet blitt beskyttet ved hjelp av forskjellige materialer, bl.a. puddelsveiset hardmetallsmateriale, av hvilke et typisk eksempel er en koboltlegering med den nominelle sammensetning (i vektsprosent): 28% Cr, 5% Ni, 19,5% W, 1% V og resten kobolt. Dette hardmetallsbelegg gir ikke nok beskyttelse av skovlspissvangens Z-sporsområde under maskinens drift, men slike belegg er kostbare å anbringe ved puddelsveising, og i en del til-feller har deres levetid vært utilfredsstillende. Andre, mer økonomiske fremgangsmåter for anbringelse av hardsveisete belegg, f.eks. plasmasprøyting, har vist seg utilfredsstillende på grunn av at belegget har vist seg å ha dårlig adhesjon i bruk. Et annet materiale som er blitt anvendt som høytemperaturbeskyttelses-belegg er et sammensatt sjikt som består av kromkarbidpartikler som er innleiret i en bindemasse av nikkel og krom (80% Ni og 20% Cr). I et typisk tilfelle kan kromkarbidpartiklene utgjøre minst 70 volumprosent. Disse slitebelegg kan riktignok lettvint anbringes i skovlspissvangens Z-spor ved plasmasprøyting, men slike beleggs mikrostruktur, hardhet og adhesjon lar mye tilbake å ønske. Dessuten er disse beleggs oksydasjonsbestandighet ikke tilfredsstillende. In modern gas turbine engines, certain engine components, e.g. turbine blades of superalloys, be oxidation-resistant and wear-resistant at high temperatures. These properties are particularly important when it comes to the area around the Z-groove in a vane tip arm, which is in frictional contact with the Z-groove of adjacent vanes and is exposed to severe wear and oxidation. In the past, the Z-track has been protected using different materials, e.g. poodle-welded hard metal material, of which a typical example is a cobalt alloy with the nominal composition (in weight percent): 28% Cr, 5% Ni, 19.5% W, 1% V and the rest cobalt. This hard metal coating does not provide enough protection for the Z-groove area of the vane tip shank during the machine's operation, but such coatings are expensive to apply when poodle welding, and in some cases their service life has been unsatisfactory. Other, more economical methods of applying hard-welded coatings, e.g. plasma spraying, has proved unsatisfactory due to the fact that the coating has been shown to have poor adhesion in use. Another material that has been used as a high-temperature protective coating is a composite layer consisting of chromium carbide particles embedded in a binder of nickel and chromium (80% Ni and 20% Cr). In a typical case, the chromium carbide particles can make up at least 70 percent by volume. It is true that these wear coatings can easily be placed in the Z-groove of the blade tip by plasma spraying, but the microstructure, hardness and adhesion of such coatings leave much to be desired. Moreover, the oxidation resistance of these coatings is not satisfactory.
Det er et kjent faktum at den kategori belegg som generelt betegnes MCrAlY-belegg, hvor M er nikkel, kobolt, jern eller blandinger av disse, kan frembringe oksydasjons- og korrosjonsbestandighet i en maskins høytemperaturområder, se f.eks. US-patentskrifter 3.676.085, 3.754.903, 3.928.026 samt 3.542.530. Hittil er imidlertid disse MCrAlY-beleggslegeringer blitt anvendt på de av superlegeringer bestående skovlers blad- og fotpartier hvor slitasjeforholdet ikke på langt nær er så alvor-lige som de som skovlspissvangenes Z-spor utsettes for. It is a known fact that the category of coatings generally referred to as MCrAlY coatings, where M is nickel, cobalt, iron or mixtures thereof, can produce oxidation and corrosion resistance in a machine's high temperature areas, see e.g. US Patents 3,676,085, 3,754,903, 3,928,026 and 3,542,530. Until now, however, these MCrAlY coating alloys have been used on the blade and foot parts of blades consisting of superalloys, where the wear conditions are nowhere near as severe as those to which the Z-grooves of the blade tip vanes are exposed.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen er det frembrakt en gjenstand som er belagt med et beskyttende belegg og som kjennetegnes ved særlig god oksydasjonsbestandighet i kombinasjon med meget god slitestyrke ved høye temperaturer, f.eks. opptil 98 2°C. Belegget kjennetegnes ved meget god adhesjon til gjenstanden ved disse høye temperaturer. According to the invention, an object has been produced which is coated with a protective coating and which is characterized by particularly good oxidation resistance in combination with very good wear resistance at high temperatures, e.g. up to 98 2°C. The coating is characterized by very good adhesion to the object at these high temperatures.
Gjenstanden ifølge oppfinnelsen består således av et under-lag av en superlegering belagt med et beskyttende, sammensatt belegg som består av en legert grunnmasse av MCrAlY-type med innleirete, dispergerte kromkarbidpartikler. Den mengde kromkarbidpartikler som er dispergert i MCrAlY-grunnmassen kan f.eks. være mellom 5 og 85 vektsprosent, avhengig av anvendelsesmiljøets type og skadelighet. Belegget ha: fortrinnsvis en densitet på minst 95% av den teoretiske for å oppnå optimale egenskaper. The object according to the invention thus consists of a substrate of a superalloy coated with a protective, composite coating consisting of an alloyed base mass of the MCrAlY type with embedded, dispersed chromium carbide particles. The amount of chromium carbide particles that are dispersed in the MCrAlY base material can e.g. be between 5 and 85 percent by weight, depending on the type and harmfulness of the application environment. The coating has: preferably a density of at least 95% of the theoretical to achieve optimal properties.
Det sammensatte belegg kan anbringes på underlaget med maksimal densitet ved utøvelse av avansert plasmasprøyteteknikk. The composite coating can be placed on the substrate with maximum density using advanced plasma spraying techniques.
Oppfinnelsen vil bli nærmere forklart i det etterfølgende ved beskrivelse av den foretrukne utførelsesform og under hen-visning til de medfølgende tegninger, hvori: Fig. 1 og 2 viser tverrsnitt gjennom et sammensatt belegg ifølge oppfinnelsen i henholdsvis 250 og 500 gangers forstørrelse etter elektrolytisk etsing med en 5 prosentig kromsyreløsning. The invention will be explained in more detail below by describing the preferred embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figs. 1 and 2 show cross-sections through a composite coating according to the invention in 250 and 500 times magnification, respectively, after electrolytic etching with a 5 percent chromic acid solution.
Superlegeringer er generelt nikkel-, kobolt- og jern-legeringer som har stor fasthet ved høye temperaturer. Det finnes et antall superlegeringer som anvendes i gassturbinmotorer. Av disse stilles de største fysikalske krav vanligvis til de legeringer som anvendes i motorenes blad og skovler idet bladene og skovlene utsettes for den største påkjenning ved de høyeste temperaturer. Med hensyn til bladene gjelder det at den alvorligste oksydasjons- og slitasjebelastning i drift utsettes Z-sporsområdet av skovlspissvangen for, idet disse områder står Superalloys are generally nickel, cobalt and iron alloys that have high strength at high temperatures. There are a number of superalloys used in gas turbine engines. Of these, the greatest physical demands are usually placed on the alloys used in the engines' blades and vanes, as the blades and vanes are subjected to the greatest stress at the highest temperatures. With regard to the blades, it applies that the most serious oxidation and wear load in operation is exposed to the Z-groove area of the blade tip arm, as these areas are
i friksjonskontakt med hverandre under motorens drift. in frictional contact with each other during engine operation.
Representative for nikkelsuperlegeringer ved anvendelse i gassturbinblader er følgende: a) IN-100 med den nominelle sammensetning 10% krom, 15% kobolt, 4,5% titan, 5,5% aluminium, 3% molybden, 0,17% karbon, Representative of nickel superalloys for use in gas turbine blades are the following: a) IN-100 with the nominal composition 10% chromium, 15% cobalt, 4.5% titanium, 5.5% aluminum, 3% molybdenum, 0.17% carbon,
1% vanadium, 0,06% bor, 0,05% zirkon og resten nikkel.1% vanadium, 0.06% boron, 0.05% zircon and the rest nickel.
b) MAR-M200 med en sammensetning av 9% krom, 10% kobolt,b) MAR-M200 with a composition of 9% chromium, 10% cobalt,
2% titan, 5% aluminium, 2,5% wolfram, 0,15% karbon, 1% niob, 2% titanium, 5% aluminum, 2.5% tungsten, 0.15% carbon, 1% niobium,
0,015% bor, 0,05% zirkon og resten nikkel.0.015% boron, 0.05% zircon and the rest nickel.
c) INCONEL 792 med en nominell sammensetning av 13% krom, 10% kobolt, 4,5% titan, 3% aluminium, 2% molybden, 4% tantal, c) INCONEL 792 with a nominal composition of 13% chromium, 10% cobalt, 4.5% titanium, 3% aluminum, 2% molybdenum, 4% tantalum,
4% wolfram, 0,2% karbon, 0,02% bor, 0,1% zirkon og resten nikkel. 4% tungsten, 0.2% carbon, 0.02% boron, 0.1% zircon and the rest nickel.
Blant representative koboltlegeringer som anvendes i gassturbinmotorer omfatter følgende: a) WI-52, som inneholder 21% krom, 11% wolfram, 2% niob pluss Tantal, 1,75% jern, 0,45% karbon og resten kobolt. b) MAR-M509, som har en nominell sammensetning av 21% krom, 10% niob, 7% wolfram, 3,5% tantal, 0,2% titan, 0,6% karbon, 0,5% Representative cobalt alloys used in gas turbine engines include the following: a) WI-52, which contains 21% chromium, 11% tungsten, 2% niobium plus tantalum, 1.75% iron, 0.45% carbon and the balance cobalt. b) MAR-M509, which has a nominal composition of 21% chromium, 10% niobium, 7% tungsten, 3.5% tantalum, 0.2% titanium, 0.6% carbon, 0.5%
zirkon og resten kobolt.zircon and the rest cobalt.
Fig. 1 og 2 viser et belegg ifølge oppfinnelsen hvor legeringsgrunnmassen, regnet i vektsprosent, inneholder 63% Co, 23% Cr, 13% Al og 0,65% Y, og kromkarbidpartiklene (Cr3C2) inngår i en mengde på ca. 20 vektsprosent. Superlegeringsunderlaget som belegget anbringes på, består vanligvis av Inconel 718 med en nominell sammensetning (vektsprosent) 18,5% Cr, 18,0% Fe, 0,9% Ti, 0,6% Al, 3,0% Mo, 5% Nb + Ta og resten hovedsakelig Ni. Fig. 1 and 2 show a coating according to the invention where the alloy base mass, calculated in weight percentage, contains 63% Co, 23% Cr, 13% Al and 0.65% Y, and the chromium carbide particles (Cr3C2) are included in an amount of approx. 20 percent by weight. The superalloy substrate on which the coating is applied typically consists of Inconel 718 with a nominal composition (percentage by weight) of 18.5% Cr, 18.0% Fe, 0.9% Ti, 0.6% Al, 3.0% Mo, 5% Nb + Ta and the rest mainly Ni.
Som det fremgår av figurene er kromkarbidpartiklene mer eller mindre tilfeldig dispergert i hele grunnmassen og har meget liten størrelse, nemlig en gjennomsnittsdiameter på ca. 15 um. For opti-mal oksydasjonsbestandighet og slitestyrke samt adhesjon av belegget til underlaget bør beleggets densitet være høy, f.eks. minst 95% av den teoretiske. For å sikre en så høy densitet hos belegget samt tilfeldig dispergering av kromkarbidpartiklene, As can be seen from the figures, the chromium carbide particles are more or less randomly dispersed throughout the base mass and have a very small size, namely an average diameter of approx. 15 um. For optimal oxidation resistance and wear resistance as well as adhesion of the coating to the substrate, the density of the coating should be high, e.g. at least 95% of the theoretical. To ensure such a high density of the coating as well as random dispersion of the chromium carbide particles,
er det hensiktsmessig å anbringe belegg på underlaget ved avansert plasmasprøyting under anvendelse av den fremgangsmåte og det apparat som er kjent fra US-patentsøknad 8 08.22 6. Ifølge denne avanserte fremgangsmåte innsprøytes kromkarbidpulveret og CoCrAlY-pulveret i en avkjølt plasmagass og sprøytes deretter på vedkommende beleggsunderlag. Pulver av vanlig handelskvalitet har vist seg å være tilfredsstillende. Etter plasmasprøyting ifølge denne fremgangsmåte ble den belagte gjenstand varmebehand- is it appropriate to apply a coating to the substrate by advanced plasma spraying using the method and apparatus known from US patent application 8 08.22 6. According to this advanced method, the chromium carbide powder and the CoCrAlY powder are injected into a cooled plasma gas and then sprayed onto the relevant coating substrate . Powders of ordinary commercial quality have been found to be satisfactory. After plasma spraying according to this method, the coated object was heat treated
let ifølge figurene ved 1079°C i fire timer for å frembringe en diffusjonsbinding mellom belegget og underlaget. light according to the figures at 1079°C for four hours to produce a diffusion bond between the coating and the substrate.
Det innses uten videre av fagfolk på området at det prosent-vise innhold av dispergerte kromkarbidpartikler i grunnmassen av CoCrAlY kan variere for tilpasning til det aktuelle anvendelses-miljø. Således kan mengden kromkarbidpartikler varieres fra ca. 5 vektsprosent til ca. 85 vektsprosent. For anvendelse ved lavere temperaturer, f.eks. opptil 760°C, og/eller forhold med sterk slitasje, bør prosentinnholdet dispergerte partikler fortrinnsvis ligge i den øvre del av dette område, fortrinnsvis fra ca. 50 til ca. 85 vektsprosent. Ved høyere temperaturer, opptil 927°C, It is readily recognized by experts in the field that the percentage content of dispersed chromium carbide particles in the base mass of CoCrAlY can vary for adaptation to the relevant application environment. Thus, the amount of chromium carbide particles can be varied from approx. 5 percent by weight to approx. 85 percent by weight. For use at lower temperatures, e.g. up to 760°C, and/or conditions with strong wear, the percentage of dispersed particles should preferably lie in the upper part of this range, preferably from approx. 50 to approx. 85 percent by weight. At higher temperatures, up to 927°C,
■ og forhold med mindre sterk slitasje kan kromkarbidinnholdet være så lavt som ned til 5 vektsprosent. Imidlertid foretrekkes som regel mellom ca. 10 og 30 vektsprosent under disse sist-nevnte forhold, f.eks. på Z-sporet i gassturbinblader. Ved å variere mengden dispergert karbid, kan middelhardheten til belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen varieres fra ca. 600 DPH til over 1000 DPH. Denne hardhet i kombinasjon med den ypperlige oksydasjons- og korrosjonsbestandighet hos den av CoCrAlY-legeringen bestående grunnmasse gir et allsidig belegg som har en enestå-ende kombinasjon av egenskaper og som er anvendbart under mange forskjellige skadelige driftsforhold, hvorved blant disse egenskaper merkes en meget bedre adhesjon, oksydasjonsbestandighet og slitestyrke ved høye temperaturer enn de tidligere kjente hardsveislegeringer og sammensatte belegg med kromkarbidpartikler dispergert i en grunnmasse av NiCr-type. Dessuten kan belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen på billig måte anbringes på underlaget ved den ovenfor angitte plasmasprøytemetode eller andre liknende metoder og med beleggtykkelser av størrelsesorden fra 127 til 762 um. ■ and conditions with less severe wear, the chromium carbide content can be as low as 5% by weight. However, as a rule, between approx. 10 and 30 percent by weight under these last-mentioned conditions, e.g. on the Z groove in gas turbine blades. By varying the amount of dispersed carbide, the average hardness of the coating according to the invention can be varied from approx. 600 DPH to over 1000 DPH. This hardness in combination with the excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance of the base material consisting of the CoCrAlY alloy provides a versatile coating which has a unique combination of properties and which is applicable under many different harmful operating conditions, whereby among these properties a much better adhesion, oxidation resistance and wear resistance at high temperatures than the previously known hard welding alloys and composite coatings with chromium carbide particles dispersed in a NiCr-type base mass. Moreover, the coating according to the invention can be inexpensively applied to the substrate by the above-mentioned plasma spraying method or other similar methods and with coating thicknesses of the order of magnitude from 127 to 762 µm.
Tredjetrinns gassturbinblader med spissvangen utstyrt med et 203-254 um tykt, sammensatt sjikt av belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen, er blitt prøvet i en eksperimentell gassturbinmotor hvor de belagte Z-sporsområder ved bladvangespissene stod i friksjonskontakt med hverandre. Vangene ble utsatt for en tem-peratur på 927°C. Etter mer enn 500 timer av motorens drift hadde bladenes vangespisser ingen antydning til svekkelse eller annen defekt. Det sammensatte belegg var anbrakt på bladvangespissene ifølge den ovenfor angitte avanserte plasmasprøytemetode og hadde en densitet som utgjorde minst 95% av den teoretisk mulige. Third-stage gas turbine blades with the tip vane equipped with a 203-254 µm thick, composite layer of the coating according to the invention have been tested in an experimental gas turbine engine where the coated Z-groove areas at the blade vane tips were in frictional contact with each other. The vanes were exposed to a temperature of 927°C. After more than 500 hours of engine operation, the vane tips of the blades showed no sign of weakening or other defect. The composite coating was applied to the leaf blade tips according to the advanced plasma spraying method indicated above and had a density that was at least 95% of the theoretically possible.
Oppfinnelsen er her beskrevet utførlig i forbindelse med en spesiell CoCrAlY-legeringssammensetning, men fagfolk på området innser uten videre at denne sammensetning her bare er angitt for å belyse oppfinnelsen med et eksempel. Generelt gjelder at beleggets legeringsgrunnmasse kan bestå av en legering av MCrAlY-type som omfatter beleggslegeringer som inneholder en betydelig mengde krom, f.eks. minst 10 vektsprosent, en betydelig mengde aluminium, f.eks. minst 6 vektsprosent, samt yttrium, andre skjeldne jordmetaller eller oksygenaktive stoffer, f.eks. hafnium og silisium, idet beleggslegeringens grunnmetall er nikkel, kobolt, jern eller en blanding av disse. Fortrinnsvis kan beleggslegeringen av MCrAlY-type hovedsakelig bestå av, i vektsprosent, 10-40% Cr, 8-30% Al, 0,01-5% Y og resten nikkel, kobolt eller jern. En foretrukket beleggslegeringsgrunnmasse for turbinbladspissvanger er et CoCrAlY-materiale som hovedsakelig består av, vektsprosent, 15-40% Cr, 10-25% Al, 0,0-5% The invention is described here in detail in connection with a particular CoCrAlY alloy composition, but those skilled in the art will readily realize that this composition is only given here to illustrate the invention by way of example. In general, the coating's alloy base mass can consist of an alloy of the MCrAlY type that includes coating alloys that contain a significant amount of chromium, e.g. at least 10% by weight, a significant amount of aluminium, e.g. at least 6% by weight, as well as yttrium, other rare earth metals or oxygen-active substances, e.g. hafnium and silicon, the base metal of the coating alloy being nickel, cobalt, iron or a mixture of these. Preferably, the MCrAlY-type coating alloy may consist mainly of, by weight, 10-40% Cr, 8-30% Al, 0.01-5% Y and the remainder nickel, cobalt or iron. A preferred coating alloy masterbatch for turbine blade tip spars is a CoCrAlY material consisting essentially of, by weight, 15-40% Cr, 10-25% Al, 0.0-5%
Y og resten hovedsakelig Co. Dessuten kan størrelsen på de i beleggslegeringens grunnmasse dispergerte kromkarbidpartikler variere etter ønske og har fortrinnsvis en gjennomsnittsdiameter på mellom 5 og 4 0 um. Dersom det er ønskelig kan karbid-partiklene dispergeres på ikke tilfeldig måte i grunnmassen. Fagfolk på området innser også at andre variasjoner og modifika-sjoner av oppfinnelsen kan utføres innenfor rammen av oppfinnelsen. Y and the rest mainly Co. Moreover, the size of the chrome carbide particles dispersed in the coating alloy base mass can vary as desired and preferably have an average diameter of between 5 and 40 µm. If desired, the carbide particles can be dispersed in a non-random manner in the base mass. Those skilled in the art also realize that other variations and modifications of the invention can be made within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84283877A | 1977-10-17 | 1977-10-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO783486L true NO783486L (en) | 1979-04-18 |
Family
ID=25288367
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO783486A NO783486L (en) | 1977-10-17 | 1978-10-16 | OXIDATION RESISTANT AND DURABLE COATED ITEM |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5465718A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU519037B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE871294A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7806560A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2842848C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2406000A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2006274B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL55731A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1099949B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7809972A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO783486L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7810608L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA785802B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SE8000750L (en) * | 1980-01-30 | 1981-07-31 | Bulten Kanthal Ab | HEATHOLD FIXED MACHINE COMPONENT AND SET TO MAKE IT |
| CA1217433A (en) * | 1983-08-29 | 1987-02-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Combustion turbine blade with varying coating |
| IL75304A (en) * | 1984-06-08 | 1989-03-31 | United Technologies Corp | Coated superalloy articles and method of strengthening same |
| GB2214523B (en) * | 1985-09-17 | 1990-04-04 | Electric Power Res Inst | Chromium carbide compositions |
| IL84067A (en) * | 1986-10-30 | 1992-03-29 | United Technologies Corp | Thermal barrier coating system |
| DE3918380A1 (en) * | 1989-06-06 | 1990-12-20 | Starck Hermann C Fa | HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPOSITE MATERIAL, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF |
| JP2669928B2 (en) * | 1990-09-20 | 1997-10-29 | 日本原子力研究所 | Underlayer plasma spray coating |
| US5137422A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1992-08-11 | Union Carbide Coatings Service Technology Corporation | Process for producing chromium carbide-nickel base age hardenable alloy coatings and coated articles so produced |
| DE69204120T2 (en) * | 1991-07-12 | 1996-04-11 | Praxair Technology Inc | Rotating sealing element coated with chromium carbide hardenable alloy based on nickel. |
| EP0589072A1 (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-03-30 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Turbocharger for heavy fuel operation |
| EP0713957A1 (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-05-29 | FINMECCANICA S.p.A. AZIENDA ANSALDO | Method of repairing the coating of turbine blades |
| GB2319783B (en) * | 1996-11-30 | 2001-08-29 | Chromalloy Uk Ltd | A thermal barrier coating for a superalloy article and a method of application thereof |
| DE19815473A1 (en) | 1998-04-07 | 1999-10-14 | Ghh Borsig Turbomaschinen Gmbh | Hot gas-carrying gas manifold of a gas turbine |
| JPH11343564A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | High temperature equipment |
| DE19836392A1 (en) * | 1998-08-12 | 2000-02-17 | Wolfgang Wiesener | Low cost wear resistant coating, used as a plasma sprayed coating for tools such as screwdrivers, comprises hard metal grains in a binder metal matrix |
| JP2003147464A (en) | 2001-11-02 | 2003-05-21 | Tocalo Co Ltd | Member with high-temperature strength |
| ITMI20030056A1 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-07-18 | Ansaldo Ricerche S R L Societa Pe R Lo Sviluppo | COCRC COATING FOR SURFACES SUBJECT TO WEAR. |
| DE102005062225B3 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-21 | Siemens Ag | MCrAIX-type alloy product and process for producing a layer of this alloy product |
| JP5058645B2 (en) * | 2007-03-27 | 2012-10-24 | トーカロ株式会社 | Thermal spray powder, thermal spray coating and hearth roll |
| DE102013207457B4 (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2017-05-18 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Process for the preparation of a high temperature protective coating |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1079503A (en) * | 1952-06-27 | 1954-11-30 | Fu R Unternehmungen Der Eisen | Articles resistant to wear and corrosion, and process for their manufacture |
| US3542530A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1970-11-24 | United Aircraft Corp | Nickel or cobalt base with a coating containing iron chromium and aluminum |
| US3754903A (en) * | 1970-09-15 | 1973-08-28 | United Aircraft Corp | High temperature oxidation resistant coating alloy |
| US3676085A (en) * | 1971-02-18 | 1972-07-11 | United Aircraft Corp | Cobalt base coating for the superalloys |
| US3837894A (en) * | 1972-05-22 | 1974-09-24 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for producing a corrosion resistant duplex coating |
| US3928026A (en) * | 1974-05-13 | 1975-12-23 | United Technologies Corp | High temperature nicocraly coatings |
| US4117179A (en) * | 1976-11-04 | 1978-09-26 | General Electric Company | Oxidation corrosion resistant superalloys and coatings |
-
1978
- 1978-10-02 DE DE2842848A patent/DE2842848C2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-03 BR BR7806560A patent/BR7806560A/en unknown
- 1978-10-03 NL NL7809972A patent/NL7809972A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-10-04 GB GB7839272A patent/GB2006274B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-11 SE SE7810608A patent/SE7810608L/en unknown
- 1978-10-13 IL IL55731A patent/IL55731A/en unknown
- 1978-10-16 NO NO783486A patent/NO783486L/en unknown
- 1978-10-16 BE BE191146A patent/BE871294A/en unknown
- 1978-10-16 ZA ZA785802A patent/ZA785802B/en unknown
- 1978-10-16 FR FR7829406A patent/FR2406000A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1978-10-16 AU AU40743/78A patent/AU519037B2/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-16 JP JP12723178A patent/JPS5465718A/en active Granted
- 1978-10-17 IT IT28827/78A patent/IT1099949B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU519037B2 (en) | 1981-11-05 |
| IT1099949B (en) | 1985-09-28 |
| DE2842848C2 (en) | 1987-02-26 |
| BR7806560A (en) | 1979-07-03 |
| IT7828827A0 (en) | 1978-10-17 |
| GB2006274A (en) | 1979-05-02 |
| SE7810608L (en) | 1979-04-18 |
| ZA785802B (en) | 1980-05-28 |
| NL7809972A (en) | 1979-04-19 |
| DE2842848A1 (en) | 1979-04-19 |
| JPS574705B2 (en) | 1982-01-27 |
| IL55731A0 (en) | 1978-12-17 |
| FR2406000A1 (en) | 1979-05-11 |
| JPS5465718A (en) | 1979-05-26 |
| GB2006274B (en) | 1982-03-03 |
| BE871294A (en) | 1979-04-17 |
| AU4074378A (en) | 1980-04-24 |
| IL55731A (en) | 1982-01-31 |
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