NO741884L - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO741884L NO741884L NO741884A NO741884A NO741884L NO 741884 L NO741884 L NO 741884L NO 741884 A NO741884 A NO 741884A NO 741884 A NO741884 A NO 741884A NO 741884 L NO741884 L NO 741884L
- Authority
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- agent
- weight
- agent according
- foam
- silicone oil
- Prior art date
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 dioctadecylazelaic acid amide Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CFGWPPPFYVFLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-carbamoyl-5-octadecyltricosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(N)=O)(CCCC(O)=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CFGWPPPFYVFLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001470 diamides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adipamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCC(N)=O GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013055 pulp slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydron;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(O)=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYGFTTWEWBXNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-amino-10-oxodecanoic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FYGFTTWEWBXNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCURTKJJWYUDJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(dioctadecylamino)-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C(=O)CCCCC(O)=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCURTKJJWYUDJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJKLLZJDRPGBPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-amino-9-oxononanoic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O DJKLLZJDRPGBPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCNVFAQSXRNCES-UHFFFAOYSA-L S(=O)(=O)(O)C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+].C(CCCCCCC)OC(C(CC(=O)[O-])S(=O)(=O)O)=O Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)(O)C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)[O-].[Na+].[Na+].C(CCCCCCC)OC(C(CC(=O)[O-])S(=O)(=O)O)=O QCNVFAQSXRNCES-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003254 anti-foaming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCC(N)=O SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N maleamic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/22—Other features of pulping processes
- D21C3/28—Prevention of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
- B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
- B01D19/0404—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Skumningshindreride middel. Antifoam agent.
Denne oppfinnelse angår skumhindrende midler og en fremgangsmåte til å hindre skum i vandige systemer ved hjelp av de skumhindrende midler. Mere spesielt angår oppfinnelsen skum-hindiaide midler bestående av visse diamider, silikonoljer og mineralolje. I det foreliggende skal uttrykket "skumhindrende middel" innbefatte skumbegrensende materialer som hindrer skumdannelse og/eller reduserer eksisterende skum i et vandig system. This invention relates to anti-foam agents and a method for preventing foam in aqueous systems by means of the anti-foam agents. More particularly, the invention relates to foam-indiaide agents consisting of certain diamides, silicone oils and mineral oil. As used herein, the term "antifoam agent" shall include foam limiting materials that prevent foam formation and/or reduce existing foam in an aqueous system.
Skumning i væsker er en hyppig årsak til vanskeligheter i industrien. Kjemiske metoder til å hindre eller redusere Foaming in liquids is a frequent cause of difficulties in industry. Chemical methods to prevent or reduce
mengden av skum innbefatter tilsetning av forskjellige forbindel-ser såsom amider, alkoholer, oljer, hydrofobe mineraler, silikonoljer o.l., samt preparater inneholdende slike materialer. the amount of foam includes the addition of various compounds such as amides, alcohols, oils, hydrophobic minerals, silicone oils etc., as well as preparations containing such materials.
I mange industrielle prosesser behandles oppløsninger eller syspensjoner i forskjellige systemer hvor skumdannelse i systemet må reduseres eller hindres for at prosessen skal kunne forløpe på tilfredsstillende måte. Eksempler på slike vanskeligheter er skumdannelse i-prosesser i tekstilindustrien, skumdannelse i kokende råsukkerløsninger og skumdannelse i papirmasse-sjuspensjoner. Videre er det i høy grad ønskelig at malinger, overtrekk o.l. ikke skummer, slik at man unngår innesluttede luft-bobler som skjemmer den(belagte overflate. Mange flere tilfelle hvor det er ønskelig å nedsette eller redusere skumdannelse vil være kjent for fagfolk. In many industrial processes, solutions or suspensions are processed in different systems where foam formation in the system must be reduced or prevented in order for the process to proceed satisfactorily. Examples of such difficulties are foaming in processes in the textile industry, foaming in boiling raw sugar solutions and foaming in paper pulp slurry. Furthermore, it is highly desirable that paints, coatings etc. does not foam, so that trapped air bubbles are avoided which spoil the coated surface. Many more cases where it is desirable to reduce or reduce foam formation will be known to professionals.
I papirindustrien møter man skumproblemer ved behandling av prosessvæsker. Ved koking av tremasse i alkalisk løsning i soda- eller sulfat-prosessen dannes svartlut. Denne inneholder nesten alle de kjemikalier som anvendes i prosessen sammen med organiske stoffer som ekstraheres fra treet. En relativt sterk skumdannelse får man ved behandling av sterkt harpiksholdige tresorter. I sulfatprosessen anvendes mere harpiksholdige tresorter enn i sodaprosessen, og av denne grunn er skumdannelsen da kraftigere. Skummet oppstår hovedsakelig ved vaskingen av tremassen og når tremasseoppslemningen siles. In the paper industry, foaming problems are encountered when processing process fluids. When wood pulp is boiled in an alkaline solution in the soda or sulphate process, black liquor is formed. This contains almost all the chemicals used in the process together with organic substances extracted from the wood. A relatively strong foam formation is obtained by treating highly resinous woods. In the sulphate process, more resinous types of wood are used than in the soda process, and for this reason the foaming is stronger. The foam mainly occurs when the wood pulp is washed and when the wood pulp slurry is strained.
Det er i litteraturen beskrevet mange skumhindrende midler, og mange slike midler er i handelen. Disse midler er alle mere eller mindre effektive i spesielle tilfelle. Noen er mere effektive enn andre, og noen er særlig effektive for spesielle typer av vandige systemer. Hvor godt et skumhindrende middel vil virke, er nokså umulig å forutsi, og ofte vil tilsynelatende små eller uvesentlige variasjoner eller modifikasjoner være helt avgjørende, særlig når en spesiell type skumdannelse skal bekjem-pes . There are many anti-foam agents described in the literature, and many such agents are commercially available. These means are all more or less effective in special cases. Some are more effective than others, and some are particularly effective for particular types of aqueous systems. How well an anti-foaming agent will work is quite impossible to predict, and often apparently small or insignificant variations or modifications will be absolutely decisive, especially when a particular type of foam formation is to be combated.
Det er en rekke faktorer å ta i betraktning når man skal komme frem til et kommersielt akseptabelt skumhindrende materiale, There are a number of factors to consider when arriving at a commercially acceptable antifoam material,
spesielt ved fremstilling av tremasse. Et skumhindrende middel bør ha evnen til å redusere et allerede dannet skum til et lavt nivå i løpet av kort tid og dessuten evnen til, over en lengre tid, å hindre dannelsen av skum i vandige medier etter at midlet er tilsatt. Produktet bør dessuten kunne pumpes, slik at det kan overføres fra et lagerområde til bruksstedet uten å gelere. Videre er det viktig at midlet er lagringsdyktig, d.v.s. at det especially in the production of wood pulp. An antifoam agent should have the ability to reduce an already formed foam to a low level within a short time and also the ability, over a longer period of time, to prevent the formation of foam in aqueous media after the agent has been added. The product should also be pumpable, so that it can be transferred from a storage area to the point of use without gelling. Furthermore, it is important that the agent is storable, i.e. that it
bør vise en meget liten eller ingen tendens til å skylles i sine bestanddeler under lagring over lengre tid. Skumhindrende midler av den generelle type og for lignende formål som de foreliggende midler, er beskrevet i U.S. patent nr. 3076 768, 3 652 453, 3 666 681, 3 673 105, 3 677 963 og 3 723 342.. Videre er det i U.S. patent nr. 2 469 450 beskrevet anvendelse av en av komponen-tene i midlet ifølge oppfinnelsen som et effektivt skumhindrende middel for dampkjeler. should show very little or no tendency to leach into its constituents during long-term storage. Antifoam agents of the general type and for similar purposes to the present agents are described in U.S. Pat. patent nos. 3,076,768, 3,652,453, 3,666,681, 3,673,105, 3,677,963 and 3,723,342. Furthermore, in the U.S. patent no. 2 469 450 described the use of one of the components in the agent according to the invention as an effective anti-foam agent for steam boilers.
Til tross for det rikholdige kjente materiale angående skumhindrende midler har det stadig vært behov for et skumhindrende middel som er effektivt, billig og lett å bruke, og særlig et middel som er effektivt overfor den skumtype som gjør seg gjel-dende ved tremassefremstilling o.l. Et slikt skumhindrende middel tilveiebringes ifølge oppfinnelsen. Despite the abundant known material regarding anti-foaming agents, there has always been a need for an anti-foaming agent that is effective, cheap and easy to use, and in particular an agent that is effective against the type of foam that is applicable in wood pulp production and the like. Such an anti-foam agent is provided according to the invention.
Oppfinnelsen tilveiebringer et skumhindrende middel som hovedsakelig består av en blanding av et biamid-materiale, en silikonolje og mineralolje. Djiamidmaterialet tilsvarer formelen: The invention provides an anti-foam agent consisting mainly of a mixture of a biamide material, a silicone oil and mineral oil. The diamide material corresponds to the formula:
hvor R er en alkylgruppe, inneholdende 8 -22 karbonatomer, og R' er et mettet eller umettet alkylen inneholdende 1-8 karbonatomer. Silikonoljen er dimetylpolysiloksan, metylhydrogenpolysiloksan eller et annet kommersielt tilgjengelig organopolysiloksan som nærmere angitt nedenfor. Mineraloljen er fortrinnsvis en olje med vesentlig parafin-karakter og med viskositet på ca. 100 S.U.S, where R is an alkyl group, containing 8-22 carbon atoms, and R' is a saturated or unsaturated alkylene containing 1-8 carbon atoms. The silicone oil is dimethylpolysiloxane, methylhydrogenpolysiloxane or another commercially available organopolysiloxane as detailed below. The mineral oil is preferably an oil with a substantial paraffin character and with a viscosity of approx. 100 U.S.,
ved 37.8°C (100°F}. at 37.8°C (100°F}.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen innbefatter anvendelse av effektive mengder av midlene ifølge oppfinnelsen i vandige systemer med en tendens til uønsket skumdannelse. Fremgangsmåten er særlig anvendbar mot skumdannelse i tremasseluter såsom svartlut og brunmasse-vaskelut. The method according to the invention includes the use of effective amounts of the agents according to the invention in aqueous systems with a tendency to undesired foam formation. The method is particularly applicable against foam formation in wood pulp liquors such as black liquor and brown pulp washing liquor.
Det er et formål ved oppfinnelsen å skaffe et forbedret skumhindrende middel. It is an object of the invention to provide an improved antifoam agent.
Et ytterligere formål er å skaffe et forbedret skumhindrende middel, inneholdende visse alifatiske diamider og silikonoljer dispergert i mineralolje. A further object is to provide an improved antifoam agent containing certain aliphatic diamides and silicone oils dispersed in mineral oil.
. Ennvidere er det et formål ved oppfinnelsen å skaffe. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide
en forbedret prosess ved hvilken skumutvikling kan hindres eller an improved process by which foam development can be prevented or
begrenses ved hjelp av de nye midler ifølge oppfinnelsen.be limited by means of the new means according to the invention.
I det følgende skal foretrukne utførelsesformer av oppfinnelsen beskrives: De best kjente utførelsesformer av oppfinnelsen, innbe-fattende midlet og fremgangsmåten til fremstilling av de foretrukne skumhindrende midler, samt fremgangsmåter til anvendelse derav, skal nå beskrives i detalj. In the following, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described: The best-known embodiments of the invention, including the agent and the method for producing the preferred anti-foam agents, as well as methods for using them, will now be described in detail.
De skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen inneholder The antifoam agents according to the invention contain
tre hovedingredienser.three main ingredients.
Det første hovedingrediens er et alifatisk diamid med formelen: The first main ingredient is an aliphatic diamide with the formula:
hvor R er en alkylgruppe, inneholdende 8-22 carbonatomer og R' er et mettet eller umettet alkylen inneholdende 1-8, fortrinnsvis 4-8 carbonatomer. De foretrukne diamider ifølge oppfinnelsen har et smeltepunkt over 100°C og er i det vesentlige uoppløselige i varmt vann og resistente mot kjemisk angrep, spesielt mot hydrolyse ved innvirkning av alkaliske vandige løsnin-ger. Disse egenskaper er nødvendige, da de skumhindrende midler typisk anvendes i varme alkaliske vandige systemer. where R is an alkyl group, containing 8-22 carbon atoms and R' is a saturated or unsaturated alkylene containing 1-8, preferably 4-8 carbon atoms. The preferred diamides according to the invention have a melting point above 100°C and are essentially insoluble in hot water and resistant to chemical attack, especially to hydrolysis by the action of alkaline aqueous solutions. These properties are necessary, as the antifoam agents are typically used in hot alkaline aqueous systems.
Eksempler på foretrukne diamider er: N,N'-dioktadecyl-malonsyreamid; N,N<1>dioktadecyl-ravsyreamid; N,N-dioktadecyladipinsyreamid; N,N1-dioktadteyl azelainsyreamid; N,N'-dioktadecyl maleinsyreamid; N,N<1->dioktadecyl sebacinsyreamid, og de tilsvarende N,N<1->diheksadecyl amider, etc. Disse amider fremstilles ved oppvarming av det tilsvarende alifatiske amin sammen Examples of preferred diamides are: N,N'-dioctadecyl-malonic acid amide; N,N<1>dioctadecyl succinamide; N,N-dioctadecyl adipic acid amide; N,N1-dioctadethyl azelaic acid amide; N,N'-dioctadecyl maleic acid amide; N,N<1->dioctadecyl sebacic acid amide, and the corresponding N,N<1->dihexadecyl amides, etc. These amides are prepared by heating the corresponding aliphatic amine together
med den egnede tobasiske karboksylsyre eller dennes anhydrid.with the appropriate dibasic carboxylic acid or its anhydride.
Et foretrukket amid,. N,N'-dioktadecyl adipinsyreamid, fremstilles ved oppvarming av stearylamin av handelskvalitet sammen med adipinsyre ved 175-185°C i noen timer. A preferred amide, . N,N'-dioctadecyl adipic acid amide is prepared by heating commercial grade stearylamine together with adipic acid at 175-185°C for a few hours.
Mere generelt fremstilles diamidene ved oppvarming av et alkylamin inneholdende 8-22 karbonatomer sammen med en tobasisk karboksylsyre eller dennes anhydrid! inneholdende 3-10 karbonatomer, i henhold til ligningen: eller More generally, the diamides are prepared by heating an alkylamine containing 8-22 carbon atoms together with a dibasic carboxylic acid or its anhydride! containing 3-10 carbon atoms, according to the equation: or
Det vil forståes at blandede aminer eller syrer kan anvendes, og at R-gruppene på et molekyl kan ha forskjellig lengde, skjønt dette vanligvis ikke er på foretrekke. It will be understood that mixed amines or acids can be used, and that the R groups on a molecule can have different lengths, although this is usually not preferred.
Et spesielt foretrukket diamid er produktet N,N'-dioktadecyl-adipinsyreamid fremstilt ved oppvarmning av stearylamin sammen med adipinsyre ved ca. 175 - 185°C i noen timer. Spyling med nitrogen under oppvarmingen letter fjerningen av vann som dannes ved reaksjonen, og hindrer mørkfarging av produktet. A particularly preferred diamide is the product N,N'-dioctadecyl-adipic acid amide prepared by heating stearylamine together with adipic acid at approx. 175 - 185°C for a few hours. Flushing with nitrogen during heating facilitates the removal of water formed during the reaction and prevents darkening of the product.
Silikonoljen kan være én polysiloksanolje såsom et alkyl-, aryl-, alicyklisk eller aralkyl-siloksan eller -polysiloksan med viskositet på fra ca. 10 til ca. 3 000 centistoke ved 25°C. Foretrukkende silikonoljer innbefatter alkylpolysiloksaner med viskositet fra ca. 40 til ca. 1 000 centistoke ved 25°C. Disse alkylpolysiloksaner innbefatter dimetylpolysiloksan, dietylpoly-siloksan, dipropylpolysiloksan, metyleterpolysiloksan, dioktyl-polysiloksan, diheksylpolysiloksan, metylpropylsiloksan, dibutyl-polysiloksan, didodecylpolysiloksan eller lignende med viskositet på fra ca. 10 til ca. 3 000 centistoke ved 25°C. Silikonoljer som er spesielt godt egnet til bruk ifølge oppfinnelsen, er dimetylpolysiloksan, metylhydrogenpolysiloksan og lignende kommersielt tilgjengelige materialer. Videre anvendes fortrinnsvis organopolysiloksanmaterialer såsom hydroksyl-endeblokkerte dimetyl-siloksan-fluider og benzen-oppløselige organopolysiloksan-harpikser som beskrevet i US-patent nr. 3 666 681. Disse organopolysiloksan-materialer er beskrevet som hydroksyl-endeblokkerte dimetylpolysiloksan-fluider med viskositet på minst 35 centistoke ved 25°C, og benzen-oppløselige organopolysiloksan-harpikser som har (1) Si02~enheter og (2) R^SiO^^^^eter, hvor R er et énverdig hydrokarbonradikal inneholdende 1-6 karbonatomer, og hvor forholdet mellom Si02~enheter og R2Si0^^2~enneter er innen området fra 1,2/1 til 0,6/1. Spesielle eksempler på disse silikonoljer er angitt i det ovennevnte US-patent nr. 3 666 681, og en slik olje er handelsproduktet "X2-3011". The silicone oil can be a polysiloxane oil such as an alkyl, aryl, alicyclic or aralkyl siloxane or polysiloxane with a viscosity of from approx. 10 to approx. 3,000 centistokes at 25°C. Preferred silicone oils include alkylpolysiloxanes with viscosities from about 40 to approx. 1,000 centistokes at 25°C. These alkylpolysiloxanes include dimethylpolysiloxane, diethylpolysiloxane, dipropylpolysiloxane, methyletherpolysiloxane, dioctylpolysiloxane, dihexylpolysiloxane, methylpropylsiloxane, dibutylpolysiloxane, didodecylpolysiloxane or the like with a viscosity of from approx. 10 to approx. 3,000 centistokes at 25°C. Silicone oils which are particularly well suited for use according to the invention are dimethylpolysiloxane, methylhydrogenpolysiloxane and similar commercially available materials. Furthermore, organopolysiloxane materials such as hydroxyl-end-blocked dimethylsiloxane fluids and benzene-soluble organopolysiloxane resins are preferably used as described in US patent no. 3,666,681. These organopolysiloxane materials are described as hydroxyl-end-blocked dimethylpolysiloxane fluids with a viscosity of at least 35 centistokes at 25°C, and benzene-soluble organopolysiloxane resins having (1) SiO2~ units and (2) R^SiO^^^^ether, where R is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing 1-6 carbon atoms, and where the ratio of Si02 units and R2Si0^^2 units are in the range from 1.2/1 to 0.6/1. Specific examples of these silicone oils are set forth in the above-mentioned US Patent No. 3,666,681, and one such oil is the commercial product "X2-3011".
Det tredje hovedingrediens i det skumhindrende middel ifølge oppfinnelsen er mineralolje, fortrinnsvis en mineralolje med vesentlig parafin-karakter. En spesielt foretrukket mineralolje er et Citgo-produkt som selges under handelnavnet "Citgo Sentry 10 Oil". Denne olje har de følgende spesifikasjoner: The third main ingredient in the antifoam agent according to the invention is mineral oil, preferably a mineral oil with a substantial paraffin character. A particularly preferred mineral oil is a Citgo product sold under the trade name "Citgo Sentry 10 Oil". This oil has the following specifications:
En -særlig effektiv skumhindrende virkning i brunmasse-vaskelut oppnås ved anvendelse av midlet ifølge oppfinnelsen når mineraloljen med vesentlig parafinkarakter er den ovenfor nevnte "Sentry 10 Oil". A particularly effective anti-foam effect in brown pulp washing liquor is achieved by using the agent according to the invention when the mineral oil with a substantial paraffinic character is the above-mentioned "Sentry 10 Oil".
Hvert av de tre hovedingrediensene i midlet ifølge oppfinnelsen har vært brukt alene eller i kombinasjon med andre materialer til å hindre skumdannelse.. Eksempelvis diamidene flvært anvendt til å hindre skumdannelse i dampkjeler, og silikonoljene og mine-raloljene har vært anvendt i kombinasjon med andre materialer. Each of the three main ingredients in the agent according to the invention has been used alone or in combination with other materials to prevent foam formation. For example, the diamides have been used to prevent foam formation in steam boilers, and the silicone oils and mineral oils have been used in combination with other materials .
Den spesielle kombinasjon ifølge oppfinnelsen har imidlertid ikke vært foreslått tidligere og er blitt funnet å være bedre enn de tidligere kjente midler. Som nevnt ovenfor kan virkningen av skumhindrende midler ikke forutsies, og selv om et bestemt materiale har vist gode resultater i et skumhindrende middel, så be-tyr det ikke at det sannsynligvis vil være brukbart i en annen stoffblanding. Tilsetningen av tilsynelatende brukbare skumhindrende ingredienser har faktisk ofte en skadelig virkning i en spesiell stoffblanding, slik oppdagelsen av et effektivt skumhindrende middel har mer med kunst enn med videnskap å gjøre. Eksempelvis However, the particular combination according to the invention has not been proposed before and has been found to be better than the previously known agents. As mentioned above, the effect of antifoam agents cannot be predicted, and even if a particular material has shown good results in an antifoam agent, this does not mean that it is likely to be usable in another substance mixture. The addition of apparently useful antifoam ingredients actually often has a detrimental effect in a particular mixture, so the discovery of an effective antifoam agent is more about art than science. For example
. kan det nevnes at selv om overflateaktive stoffer av forskjellige typer ofte kan være til hjelp i skumhindrende blandinger, så er det dog blitt funnet at overflateaktive stoffer vanligvis reduse- . it can be mentioned that although surfactants of various types can often be helpful in anti-foaming mixtures, it has however been found that surfactants usually reduce
rer effektiviteten av midlene ifølge denne oppfinnelse. Videre vil bruk av ett av hovedingrediensene i en mengde som faller utenfor det angitte område, nedsette blandingens effektivitet. affects the effectiveness of the agents of this invention. Furthermore, using one of the main ingredients in an amount that falls outside the specified range will reduce the effectiveness of the mixture.
De skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen kan fremstilles ved at man først omsetter et fettsyreamin med en tobasisk karboksylsyre eller dennes anhydrid, fortrinnsvis under nitrogen-spyling, hvorved man får det tilsvarende diamid. Diamidet reduseres fortrinnsvis til fine partikkelstørrelser og blandes deretter med en del av mineraloljen. Denne blanding oppvarmes inntil diamidet oppløses, og den varme oppløsning blir så tilsatt til resten av mineraloljen, fulgt av kjøling under omrøring. En ho-mogenisator kan anvendes for oppnåelse av en homogen blanding. Silikonoljen kan tilsettes før eller etter homogeniseringen. Op-timal virkning oppnås i noen tilfelle ved at det homogeniserte prpdukt (inneholdende silikonoljen) oppvarmes i 2 - 4 timer ved 40 - 90°C. Bruken av overflateaktive stoffer, overflate-ekstendere eller andre konvensjonelle additiver for skumhindrende midler er ikke nødvendig i midlet ifølge oppfinnelsen. The antifoam agents according to the invention can be prepared by first reacting a fatty acid amine with a dibasic carboxylic acid or its anhydride, preferably under nitrogen purging, whereby the corresponding diamide is obtained. The diamide is preferably reduced to fine particle sizes and then mixed with part of the mineral oil. This mixture is heated until the diamide dissolves, and the hot solution is then added to the rest of the mineral oil, followed by cooling with stirring. A homogenizer can be used to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The silicone oil can be added before or after the homogenisation. Optimum effect is achieved in some cases by heating the homogenized product (containing the silicone oil) for 2 - 4 hours at 40 - 90°C. The use of surfactants, surface extenders or other conventional additives for anti-foam agents is not necessary in the agent according to the invention.
Fremstillingen av typiske diamider til bruk i midlene ifølge oppfinnelsen er beskrevet i de følgende eksempler I - III. The production of typical diamides for use in the agents according to the invention is described in the following examples I - III.
Eksempel IExample I
Fremstilling av N, N'- dioktadecyl- adipinsyreamidPreparation of N,N'-dioctadecyl-adipic acid amide
En 38 liters elektrisk oppvarmet reaktor av rustfritt stål ble påsatt med 14 kg stearylamin, og aminet ble oppvarmet til 175 - 185°C. En langsom strøm av nitrogen ble ledet inn i det smeltede amin, og 4,6 kg adipinsyre ble tilsatt i små porsjoner i løpet av 90 minutter. Oppvarmingen og nitrogenspylingen ble fortsatt i 4,5 timer ved 175 - 190°C. Det N,N'-dioktadecyladipinsyreamid som ble blandet, ble uttappet fra reaktoren og hen-satt til kjøling i panner av rustfritt stål. Fargen var nesten hvit!, og smeltepunktet var 140 - 143°C. Infrarødtspektret viste at karboksylsyre ikke var tilstede, og reaksjonen var således full-stendig. A 38 liter electrically heated stainless steel reactor was charged with 14 kg of stearylamine, and the amine was heated to 175-185°C. A slow stream of nitrogen was passed into the molten amine and 4.6 kg of adipic acid was added in small portions over 90 minutes. The heating and nitrogen purging was continued for 4.5 hours at 175 - 190°C. The N,N'-dioctadecyl adipic acid amide that was mixed was drained from the reactor and set aside for cooling in stainless steel pans. The color was almost white!, and the melting point was 140 - 143°C. The infrared spectrum showed that carboxylic acid was not present, and the reaction was thus complete.
Eksempel IIExample II
Fremstilling av N, N'- dioktadecylazelainsyreamidPreparation of N,N'-dioctadecylazelaic acid amide
En 2 liters reaksjonskolbe ble påsatt med 540 g stearylamin og 188,2 g azelainsyre, og blandingen ble oppvarmet i 7 timer ved 150 - 170°C. Det mørkebrune, voksaktige faste stoff som erholdtes, hadde et smeltepunkt på 108 - 111°C, og det infrarøde A 2 liter reaction flask was charged with 540 g of stearylamine and 188.2 g of azelaic acid, and the mixture was heated for 7 hours at 150 - 170°C. The dark brown waxy solid obtained had a melting point of 108 - 111°C, and the infrared
spektret viste at hele syremengden hadde reagert.the spectrum showed that the entire amount of acid had reacted.
Eksempel IIIExample III
En 2 liters reaksjonskolbe ble påsatt med 540 g stearylamin og 98,1 g maleinsyreanhydrid, og blandingen ble oppvarmet i 7 timer ved 150 - 170°C. Den infrarøde analyse viste at hele anhydridmengden hadde reagert til diamidet. A 2 liter reaction flask was charged with 540 g of stearylamine and 98.1 g of maleic anhydride, and the mixture was heated for 7 hours at 150 - 170°C. The infrared analysis showed that the entire amount of anhydride had reacted to the diamide.
Fremstilling av skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen under anvendelse av diamider fremstilt i henhold til ovenstående eksempler beskrives i eksempler IV - VI. Production of antifoam agents according to the invention using diamides produced according to the above examples is described in examples IV - VI.
Eksempel IVExample IV
En blanding av 25,0 g N,N'-dioktadecyladipinsyreamid fremstilt etter fremgangsmåten i eksempel I og 50,0 g "Sentry 10 Oil" ble oppvarmet ved 150 - 160°C i 15 minutter, og det smeltede materiale ble så hurtig tilsatt til 417,5 g "Sentry 10 Oil" under omrøring i en kolbe som ble kjølt i et vannbad. Oppslemningen ble deretter plassert i en kulemølle og malt i 6,5 timer. Et silikonprodukt fra Dow og betegnet med "X2-3011" ble tilsatt til det malte materiale i forholdet 1,5 g silikon til 98,5 g oppslemning, og den resulterende blanding ble så oppvarmet i 2 timer ved 40 - 45°C. A mixture of 25.0 g of N,N'-dioctadecyladipic acid amide prepared according to the procedure in Example I and 50.0 g of "Sentry 10 Oil" was heated at 150-160°C for 15 minutes, and the molten material was then quickly added to 417.5 g of "Sentry 10 Oil" under stirring in a flask which was cooled in a water bath. The slurry was then placed in a ball mill and ground for 6.5 hours. A silicone product from Dow and designated "X2-3011" was added to the milled material at a ratio of 1.5 g of silicone to 98.5 g of slurry, and the resulting mixture was then heated for 2 hours at 40-45°C.
Eksempel VExample V
Urenset N,N'-dioktadecylazelainsyreamid, fremstilt som i eksempel II, ble knust i en morter medpistill, og 35 g ble blandet med 455 g "Sentry 10 Oil". Blandingen ble så nalt i en kulemølle i 12 timer, hvorved man fikk en oppslemning av findelt diamid. Crude N,N'-dioctadecylazelaic acid amide, prepared as in Example II, was crushed in a mortar with a pestle, and 35 g was mixed with 455 g of "Sentry 10 Oil". The mixture was then milled in a ball mill for 12 hours, whereby a slurry of finely divided diamide was obtained.
Et skumhindrende middel ble så fremstilt ved oppvarmning av en blanding av 98 g av diamidoppslemningen og 2 g dimetylpolysiloksan-væske med viskositet på 50 centistoke ved 95 - 100°C i 4 timer. An antifoam agent was then prepared by heating a mixture of 98 g of the diamide slurry and 2 g of dimethylpolysiloxane liquid having a viscosity of 50 centistokes at 95-100°C for 4 hours.
Eksempel VIExample VI
Urenset N,N'-dioktadecylmaleinsyreamid (35 g), fremstilt som i eksempel III, ble blandet med 455 g "Sentry 10 Oil", og blandingen ble malt i 12 timer i en kulemølle. Av denne oppslemning av findelt diamid ble det fremstilt to skumhindrende preparater. I det ene . tilfelle ble 2 g dimetylpolysiloksan med viskositet på 50 centostoke blandet med 98 g av diamid-oppslemningen. I det annet tilfelle ble 2 g av silikonet "X2-3011" blandet, med Crude N,N'-dioctadecylmaleic acid amide (35 g), prepared as in Example III, was mixed with 455 g of "Sentry 10 Oil" and the mixture was milled for 12 hours in a ball mill. Two anti-foam preparations were made from this slurry of finely divided diamide. In one. in this case, 2 g of dimethylpolysiloxane with a viscosity of 50 centostoke was mixed with 98 g of the diamide slurry. In the second case, 2 g of the silicone "X2-3011" were mixed, with
98 g av diamid-oppslemningen. Begge blandingene ble holdt ved98 g of the diamide slurry. Both mixtures were maintained
55 - 60°C i 6 timer.55 - 60°C for 6 hours.
Eksemplene ovenfor beskriver fremstilling av skumhindrende midler i laboratoriemålestokk. Skumhindrende midler ble også fremstilt i halvteknisk målestokk ved oppvarmning av 6,8 kg N,N<1->dioktadecyladipinsyreamid og 13,6 kg "Sentry 10 Oil" til 170°C og tilsetning av det varme smeltede materiale til 113 kg "Sentry 10 Oil" il en 380 liters reaktor forsynt med kappe og røreverk. Den nevnte olje ble omrørt og kjølt under tilsetningen av den smeltede blanding av amid og olje. Den kjølte blanding ble så behandlet 2 ganger i en "Tri-Homo"-homogenisator, hvorved man fikk en dispersjon av finpartiklet diamid. The examples above describe the production of antifoam agents on a laboratory scale. Antifoam agents were also prepared on a semi-technical scale by heating 6.8 kg of N,N<1->dioctadecyladipic acid amide and 13.6 kg of "Sentry 10 Oil" to 170°C and adding the hot molten material to 113 kg of "Sentry 10 Oil" in a 380 liter reactor equipped with a jacket and agitator. Said oil was stirred and cooled during the addition of the molten mixture of amide and oil. The cooled mixture was then processed twice in a "Tri-Homo" homogenizer, whereby a dispersion of finely divided diamide was obtained.
Diamid-oppslemningen ble delt i flere porsjoner og behandlet med 1,0 og 1,5 % av silikonet "X2-3011" og med 1,5 % dimetylpolysiloksan (50 centistoke). Hvert av de tre produkter ble oppvarmet i 2 timer ved 40 - 45°C, og de skumhindrende egenskaper var like gode som for de midler man fikk med tilsvarende produkter fremstilt i laboratoriet. The diamide slurry was divided into several portions and treated with 1.0 and 1.5% of the silicone "X2-3011" and with 1.5% dimethylpolysiloxane (50 centistokes). Each of the three products was heated for 2 hours at 40 - 45°C, and the anti-foam properties were as good as for the agents obtained with corresponding products produced in the laboratory.
En konsentrert oppslemning av diamid og "Sentry 10 Oil" ble fremstilt som ovenfor, men med en diamid-konsentrasjon på 10 %. Etter at denne viskøse oppslemning var homogenisert i "Tri-Homo"-møllen, ble produktet fortynnet med "Sentry 10 Oil" A concentrated slurry of diamide and "Sentry 10 Oil" was prepared as above but with a diamide concentration of 10%. After this viscous slurry was homogenized in the "Tri-Homo" mill, the product was diluted with "Sentry 10 Oil"
og behandlet med silikonene som ovenfor. Etter oppvarmning av de endelige produkter i 2 timer ved 40 - 45°C hadde de skumhindrende midler samme effektivitet som laboratoriepreparatene. and treated with the silicones as above. After heating the final products for 2 hours at 40 - 45°C, the antifoams had the same effectiveness as the laboratory preparations.
De skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen ble utprø-vet i forbindelse med en tremasse-svartlut i et apparat bestående en kolbe forsynt med et nedre sideutløp gjennom hvilket svartluten kunne uttas. Svartluten ble pumpet tilbake til toppen av kolben via en atomiseringsdyse. Væsken blé holdt ved 76,7°C og ble sirkulert inntil kolben var fylt med skum. På dette tidspunkt ble 200 deler pr. million skumhindrende middel tilsatt, idet sirkuleringen av svartlut ble fortsatt, og skumnivået ble observert og notert. Avlesninger ble foretatt på det tidspunkt da skumnivået begynte å minke, [det tidspunktet da skummet hadde sitt laveste nivå og det tidspunkt da skumnivået begynte å stige. Også den prosentvise reduksjon i skumnivået ble beregnet. Resultatene for de skumhindrende midler i eksempel IV - VI er gjengitt i nedenfor i tabell I. The antifoam agents according to the invention were tested in connection with a wood pulp black liquor in an apparatus consisting of a flask provided with a lower side outlet through which the black liquor could be withdrawn. The black liquor was pumped back to the top of the flask via an atomizing nozzle. The liquid was maintained at 76.7°C and circulated until the flask was filled with foam. At this time, 200 parts per million of anti-foam agent added, while the circulation of black liquor was continued, and the foam level was observed and noted. Readings were taken at the time when the foam level began to decrease, [the time when the foam was at its lowest level and the time when the foam level began to rise. The percentage reduction in the foam level was also calculated. The results for the antifoam agents in Examples IV - VI are reproduced below in Table I.
Ovenstående tabell viser effektiviteten av skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen og viser også at virkningen er lang-varig. Et tidligere kjent skumhindrende middel, ble fremstilt ved hjelp av fremgangsmåten ifølge US-patent nr. 3 730 907. En blanding inneholdende 7 % etylen-bis(stearinsyreamid), 1 % "Aerosol OT" (dinatrium-oktylsulfosuccinat), 0,5 % dimetylpolysiloksan (50 centistoke) og 91,5 % "Sentry 10 Oil" ble malt i en kulemølle til en malegrad på 5 - 5,5 etter Hegman. Oppslemningen ble holdt ved 45°C i 6 timer og deretter ved 60°C i 1 time og deretter hurtig kjølt. Ved utprøving som ovenfor begynte skummet å synke etter 30 sekunder, og etter 1,5 minutt hadde skummet sunket 80 %. Etter 2 minutter begynte imidlertid skummet å stige igjen, og etter 3 minutter var minkingen bare 35 %. The above table shows the effectiveness of anti-foam agents according to the invention and also shows that the effect is long-lasting. A previously known antifoam agent was prepared by the method of US Patent No. 3,730,907. A mixture containing 7% ethylene bis(stearic acid amide), 1% "Aerosol OT" (disodium octyl sulfosuccinate), 0.5% dimethylpolysiloxane (50 centistokes) and 91.5% "Sentry 10 Oil" were milled in a ball mill to a grinding degree of 5 - 5.5 according to Hegman. The slurry was held at 45°C for 6 hours and then at 60°C for 1 hour and then rapidly cooled. When tested as above, the foam began to sink after 30 seconds, and after 1.5 minutes the foam had shrunk 80%. However, after 2 minutes the foam started to rise again and after 3 minutes the reduction was only 35%.
Som nevnt ovenfor krever de skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen ikke overflateaktive stoffer, overflate-ekstendere eller andre additiver. Som vist nedenfor kan slike additiver faktisk nedsette den ønskede virkning, slik at de skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen fortrinnsvis inneholder bare de tre hovedingrediensene diamid, silikon og mineralolje. As mentioned above, the antifoam agents according to the invention do not require surfactants, surface extenders or other additives. As shown below, such additives can actually reduce the desired effect, so that the antifoam agents according to the invention preferably contain only the three main ingredients diamide, silicone and mineral oil.
Virkningen av overflateaktive stoffer og de skumhindrende egenskaper ble bestemt eksperimentelt. En blanding av 35 g N,N<1->dioktadecyladipinsyreamid, 10 g dimetylpolysiloksan The effect of surfactants and the antifoam properties were determined experimentally. A mixture of 35 g of N,N<1->dioctadecyladipic acid amide, 10 g of dimethylpolysiloxane
(50 centi]stoke) og 455 g "Sentry 10 Oil" ble malt i en kulemølle i 12 timer. En del av det malte produkt ble holdt ved 95 — 100°C i 3 timer. I skumprøven ble skummet redusert med 50 % på 55 sekunder og begynte ikke å øke på 4,5 minutter. Når den malte diamid-oppslemning ble behandlet med 1 % natriumlaurylsulfat og (50 centi]stoke) and 455 g "Sentry 10 Oil" were milled in a ball mill for 12 hours. A portion of the milled product was held at 95-100°C for 3 hours. In the foam test, the foam was reduced by 50% in 55 seconds and did not start to increase for 4.5 minutes. When the ground diamide slurry was treated with 1% sodium lauryl sulfate and
. holdt ved 95 - 100°C i 3 timer ga det resulterende produkt ikke . held at 95-100°C for 3 hours did not give the resulting product
noen skumreduksjon , og skummet kom faktisk ut av kolben ettersome foam reduction, and the foam actually came out of the flask afterwards
2,5 minutter. Når polyetylenglykol-400-monoleat ble anvendt i en mengde.på ca. 1 % istedenfor natriumlaurylsulfatet, fikk man en svak skumreduksjon etter 1,75 minutt, og skummet begynte igjen å stige etter 3 minutter. 2.5 minutes. When polyethylene glycol 400 monooleate was used in an amount of approx. 1% instead of the sodium lauryl sulfate, a slight foam reduction was obtained after 1.75 minutes, and the foam started to rise again after 3 minutes.
Disse forsøk viser at i de skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen virker overflateaktive stoffer faktisk uheldig på These tests show that in the antifoam agents according to the invention, surface-active substances actually have an adverse effect on
de skumhindrende egenskaper.. Som vist ovenfor er de skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen spesielt effektive til behandling av tremasse-luter. Den foretrukne måte til å bekjempe skumdannelse i slike luter innbefatter kontinuerlig tilsetning av skumhindrende middel, f.eks. ved hjelp av en matepumpe, i en mengde som er tilstrekkelig til å hindre skumdannelse under nor-male driftsbetingelser. Den kontinuerlige tilsetning under nor-... male betingelser suppleres fortrinnsvis ved porsjonsvise tilset-ninger i akutte tilfelle av driftsvanskeligheter eller unormale betingelser. the anti-foam properties.. As shown above, the anti-foam agents according to the invention are particularly effective for treating wood pulp lye. The preferred method of combating foaming in such liquors involves the continuous addition of an antifoam agent, e.g. by means of a feed pump, in a quantity which is sufficient to prevent foam formation under normal operating conditions. The continuous addition under normal conditions is preferably supplemented by portionwise additions in acute cases of operational difficulties or abnormal conditions.
Skumhindrende midler ifølge oppfinnelsen består avAntifoam agents according to the invention consist of
2 - 20 % av et diamid som beskrevet ovenfor, 0,5 - 5,0 % silikonolje og resten en mineralolje med vesentlig parafin-karakter. 2 - 20% of a diamide as described above, 0.5 - 5.0% silicone oil and the rest a mineral oil with a substantial paraffin character.
Claims (17)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US41074273A | 1973-10-29 | 1973-10-29 |
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| NO741884L true NO741884L (en) | 1975-05-26 |
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| AR (1) | AR201863A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6940074A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE821554A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7409059A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2420955A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES429965A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI137174A7 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2248863A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1018722B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7407636A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO741884L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7407620L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA742936B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3008952A1 (en) * | 1980-03-08 | 1981-09-24 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | FOAM ABSORBERS, THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE IN AQUEOUS SYSTEMS |
| DE3146168C2 (en) * | 1981-11-21 | 1986-07-24 | Neosid Pemetzrieder Gmbh & Co Kg, 5884 Halver | Inductive component, in particular a coil for high and very high frequencies and a method for producing such a component |
| US5180802A (en) * | 1990-07-18 | 1993-01-19 | Rheox, Inc. | Monoamine capped non-reactive polyamide composition |
| JP2002143606A (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2002-05-21 | Nikko Kagaku Kenkyusho:Kk | Defoaming agent composition and method for producing the same |
-
1974
- 1974-04-30 DE DE2420955A patent/DE2420955A1/en active Pending
- 1974-05-02 AR AR253563A patent/AR201863A1/en active
- 1974-05-06 FI FI1371/74A patent/FI137174A7/fi unknown
- 1974-05-08 ZA ZA00742936A patent/ZA742936B/en unknown
- 1974-05-22 NO NO741884A patent/NO741884L/no unknown
- 1974-05-27 AU AU69400/74A patent/AU6940074A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-07 NL NL7407636A patent/NL7407636A/en unknown
- 1974-06-10 SE SE7407620A patent/SE7407620L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-06-25 JP JP49072740A patent/JPS5074583A/ja active Pending
- 1974-07-22 IT IT52206/74A patent/IT1018722B/en active
- 1974-09-11 ES ES429965A patent/ES429965A1/en not_active Expired
- 1974-10-15 FR FR7434609A patent/FR2248863A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-10-28 BE BE149943A patent/BE821554A/en unknown
- 1974-10-29 BR BR9059/74A patent/BR7409059A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA742936B (en) | 1975-05-28 |
| AR201863A1 (en) | 1975-04-24 |
| AU6940074A (en) | 1975-11-27 |
| FR2248863A1 (en) | 1975-05-23 |
| SE7407620L (en) | 1975-04-30 |
| BR7409059A (en) | 1976-05-11 |
| IT1018722B (en) | 1977-10-20 |
| JPS5074583A (en) | 1975-06-19 |
| ES429965A1 (en) | 1976-09-16 |
| FI137174A7 (en) | 1975-04-30 |
| DE2420955A1 (en) | 1975-05-07 |
| BE821554A (en) | 1975-02-17 |
| NL7407636A (en) | 1975-05-02 |
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