NO139179B - HEAT MOLDING TOOLS, ESPECIALLY HOT ROLLING ROLLERS, WITH A COATING OF A STEEL ALLOY - Google Patents
HEAT MOLDING TOOLS, ESPECIALLY HOT ROLLING ROLLERS, WITH A COATING OF A STEEL ALLOY Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO139179B NO139179B NO762417A NO762417A NO139179B NO 139179 B NO139179 B NO 139179B NO 762417 A NO762417 A NO 762417A NO 762417 A NO762417 A NO 762417A NO 139179 B NO139179 B NO 139179B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- welding
- hot rolling
- welded
- steel alloy
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000592 Ferroniobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3093—Fe as the principal constituent with other elements as next major constituents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen vedrorer etvarmformingsverktøy, særlig valser for varmvalsing, medet belegg bestående av en stållegering. The invention relates to a hot forming tool, in particular rollers for hot rolling, with a coating consisting of a steel alloy.
Det er kjent å gjennom lysbuesveising forsyne sådant verktoy, særskilt valser for varmvalsning, med et belegg av en slite-sterk legering. Nedenfor angis i en liste noen eksempler på sveisegodssammensetninger som har vært anvendt som belegg på valser for varmvalsning. It is known to supply such tools, particularly rollers for hot rolling, with a coating of a wear-resistant alloy through arc welding. Below is a list of some examples of weld metal compositions that have been used as coatings on rollers for hot rolling.
Belegget ifølge eksempel 2 har den beste slitestyrken, The coating according to example 2 has the best wear resistance,
men også en stor tendens til å danne varmsprekker (storknings-sprekker) og kan derfor i praksis bare anvendes for slike formål hvor varmsprekker i det påsveisede skiktet kan tolereres, eksempelvis ved rullebanevalser og andre., for relativt lavt arbeids-trykk utsatte valser. Påsveisingslegeringer ifolge eksemplene but also a great tendency to form hot cracks (solidification cracks) and can therefore in practice only be used for such purposes where hot cracks in the welded-on layer can be tolerated, for example in the case of runway rollers and others, for rollers exposed to relatively low working pressure. Welding alloys according to the examples
1, 3 og 4 og andre likeartede legeringer er mindre sprekk-omfintlige og har blitt praktisk anvendt som belegningsmidler for arbeidsvalser ivarmvalseverk, dvs. slik valser som skal utfore et valsningsarbeid. De i senere tid stadig stigende omkostninger for påsveisingen har imidlertid vanskeliggjort de okonomiske forutsetninger for anvendelse av påsveisede legeringer. Den slitestyrke eller levetid som kan oppnås med de kjente påsveisings-legeringene viser seg derfor i mange tilfeller ikke tilstrekkelige for å motivere anvendelse av påsveising for reparasjon eller nytilvirkning av arbeidsvalser for varmvalseverk. 1. However, the recently rising costs for the weld-on have made the economic conditions for the use of weld-on alloys difficult. The wear resistance or service life that can be achieved with the known weld-on alloys is therefore in many cases not sufficient to motivate the use of weld-on for the repair or new manufacture of work rolls for hot rolling mills.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse har til formål å tilbeiebringe et for-bedret varm formingsverktøy med et belegg som bare har liten tendens til å danne varmsprekker og utmerker seg ved en til-fredsstillende hårdhet kombinert med stor slitestyrke. Særlig er det oppfinnelsens hensikt å tilveiebringe et varmformings-verktøy med et slitesterkt belegg som består av et påsveiset skikt som tåler de høye temperaturer som opptrer under arbeidet. Varmformin<?sverktøy som er utsatt for slike påkjenninger er eksempelvis fallhammeraenkning, pressdyner, strengepressmunn-stykker, støpeformer, dorn for hulningsverk for rør, dorn for varmtrekning av rør og valser for varmvalsning. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an improved hot forming tool with a coating that has little tendency to form hot cracks and is distinguished by a satisfactory hardness combined with great wear resistance. In particular, it is the purpose of the invention to provide a hot forming tool with a wear-resistant coating consisting of a welded-on layer that can withstand the high temperatures that occur during work. Hot forming tools that are exposed to such stresses are, for example, drop hammers, pressing dies, string press nozzles, moulds, mandrels for hollowing out pipes, mandrels for hot drawing of pipes and rollers for hot rolling.
Belegget ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse har følgende sammensetning: The coating according to the present invention has the following composition:
med eller uten vanlige forurensninger, hvorved karbon-og niob- with or without common impurities, whereby carbon and niobium
innholdet står i forhold til hverandre som angitt av den skraverte flaten i fig. 1 på vedlagte tegning. the contents are in relation to each other as indicated by the shaded area in fig. 1 on the attached drawing.
Med uttrykket "sterke karbiddannere foruten niob" menes her metallene wolfram, molybden, vanadium og titan. With the expression "strong carbide formers in addition to niobium" are meant here the metals tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and titanium.
Da metallisk niob eller ferroniob som handelsvare vanligvis inneholder en viss mengde tantal som forurensning, inneholder også belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen noe tantal. As metallic niobium or ferroniobium as a commodity usually contains a certain amount of tantalum as an impurity, the coating according to the invention also contains some tantalum.
Ifolge en fortrukken utforelsesform av oppfinnelsen inneholder belegget 0,6 - 1,5% molybden. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coating contains 0.6 - 1.5% molybdenum.
Belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen tilveiebringes med en The coating according to the invention is provided with a
egnet sveisemetode som også kan være elektroslaggsveisingsprosessen. Pålegningen av asveisegodset skjer imidlertid fortrinnsvis ved lysbuesveising med smeltbar elektrode. Derved anvendes bare elektroder (ved pulverbesveising og gassbuesveising) eller be-kledde elektroder (manuell sveising). Den ved pulverbuesveising og gassbuesveising anvendte metoden består fortrinnsvis av et rorformet skall av ulegert stål og en pulverkjerne som inneholder legeringssubstansene som tilsammen med skallet gir den tilsiktede sammensetning av påsveisingsgodset. Kjernen kan dessuten inneholde desoksydasj<p>nsmiddel. Anvendes elektroden i forening med gassbuesveising, inneholder dessuten kjernen flussmiddel som legger seg beskyttende på det smeltede sveisemetallet og forbedrer der-med beskyttelsesgassens beskyttelsesvirkning. En bekledd elektrode for handsveising kan eksempelvis bestå av en kjerne av ulegert stål, mens skallet som fortrinnsvis er av kalkbasisk type, inneholder de nodvendige legeringssubstansene. suitable welding method which can also be the electroslag welding process. However, the application of the scrap weld material is preferably done by arc welding with a fusible electrode. Thereby, only electrodes are used (for powder welding and gas arc welding) or coated electrodes (manual welding). The method used in powder arc welding and gas arc welding preferably consists of a tube-shaped shell of unalloyed steel and a powder core that contains the alloying substances which, together with the shell, give the intended composition of the welding material. The core may also contain a deoxidizing agent. If the electrode is used in conjunction with gas arc welding, the core also contains flux which protectively deposits itself on the molten weld metal and thereby improves the protective effect of the shielding gas. A coated electrode for manual welding can, for example, consist of a core of unalloyed steel, while the shell, which is preferably of a lime basic type, contains the necessary alloying substances.
Pålegges belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen ved hjelp av pulver-buesveisingsmetoden, anvendes fortrinnsvis flussmiddel av den noytrale eller basiske type. Flussmiddelet skal også være av så-dan beskaffenhet at det storknede slagget losner av seg selv og således ikke fester til sveisen. If the coating according to the invention is applied using the powder-arc welding method, flux of the neutral or basic type is preferably used. The flux must also be of such a nature that the solidified slag loosens by itself and thus does not stick to the weld.
Belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen viser tross det relativt hoye karboninnholdet en ytterst liten tendens til å danne varmsprekker under sveisingen. Denne fordelaktige egenskap er formodentlig et resultat av legeringens niobinnhold, som ifolge oppfinnelsen står i et visst forhold til karboninnholdet. Under-sokelser har vist at niobet forener seg med en vesentlig del av legeringens karbon til niobkarbid. Disse karbider begynner å dannes på et tidlig stadium av storkningsprosessen og forhindrer derved segregering av en. karbonrik smelte som er en forutsetning for dannelse av varmsprekker. Despite the relatively high carbon content, the coating according to the invention shows an extremely small tendency to form hot cracks during welding. This advantageous property is presumably a result of the alloy's niobium content, which according to the invention is in a certain relationship to the carbon content. Investigations have shown that the niobium combines with a significant part of the alloy's carbon to form niobium carbide. These carbides begin to form at an early stage of the solidification process and thereby prevent segregation of a. carbon-rich melt which is a prerequisite for the formation of hot cracks.
Belegget har -en for anvendelsesområdet tilstrekkelig hårdhet,. holdfasthet og seighet. Videre har The coating has sufficient hardness for the area of application. holding strength and toughness. Furthermore, have
det ert overordentlig qod slitestyrke. Den bedrede slitestyrken It is extremely durable. The improved wear resistance
har formodentlig sin vesentlige årsak i tilstedeværelsen av en vesentlig andel av niobkarbid i metallet. Belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen er også meget resistent mot termisk utmattelse. Den termiske probably has its main cause in the presence of a significant proportion of niobium carbide in the metal. The coating according to the invention is also very resistant to thermal fatigue. The thermal
utmattelse forårsakes ved en trinnvis okning av lengden og dybden av små overflatesprekker i arbeidsoverflaten av varnr bearbeidelsesverktoyet. Utmattelsen kan eksempelvis opptegnes i form av et diagram som viser overflatesprekkenes lengde som funksjon av de oppvarmingscykler som verktoyet er blitt under-kastet. Belegget ifølge oppfinnelsen viser en meget langsomt fremskreden forstorrelse av overflatesprekkene. Den termiske utmattelsen påvirker knapt levetiden til et belegg som er gjort med et påsveisingsgods ifolge oppfinnelsen. Levetiden bestemmes helt og holdent av påsveisingsgodsets slitestyrke. fatigue is caused by a stepwise increase in the length and depth of small surface cracks in the working surface of the varnr machining tool. The fatigue can, for example, be recorded in the form of a diagram showing the length of the surface cracks as a function of the heating cycles to which the tool has been subjected. The coating according to the invention shows a very slowly progressing enlargement of the surface cracks. The thermal fatigue barely affects the service life of a coating made with a weld-on material according to the invention. The service life is entirely determined by the wear resistance of the welding material.
Krominnholdet i belegget er vesentlig for bedringen av The chromium content of the coating is essential for the improvement of
stålets varmholdfasthet - som henger noye sammen med den termiske utmattelsen - og oksydasjonsmotstand. Krommet innvirker dessuten meget fordelaktig på stålets metallurgiske omvandling,.som kreves for å erholde den onskede struktur av den metalliske matrisen i belegget. the steel's heat resistance - which is closely related to the thermal fatigue - and oxidation resistance. The chromium also has a very beneficial effect on the steel's metallurgical transformation, which is required to obtain the desired structure of the metallic matrix in the coating.
Ved påsveising av stållegeringer av den type, hvortil også legeringen ifolge foreliggende oppfinnelse'regnesv dvs. luftherdende legert stål, er det vanlig praksis, og forvarme arbeidsstykket som skal forsynes med et påsveiset belegg til en temperatur over Ms-temperaturen, hvorved martensittdannelsen i sveisemetallet begynner å finne sted, og bibeholde temperaturen under hele sveiseoperasjonen innen et temperaturområde hvori ;den austehitiske strukturen ikke omvandles eller i høyden omvandles i en meget liten utstrekning. When welding on steel alloys of the type to which the alloy according to the present invention is also considered, i.e. air-hardening alloyed steel, it is common practice to preheat the workpiece that is to be provided with a welded-on coating to a temperature above the Ms temperature, whereby martensite formation in the weld metal begins to take place, and to maintain the temperature throughout the welding operation within a temperature range in which the austetic structure is not transformed or, in height, is transformed to a very small extent.
Forvarmingstemperaturen ligger fortrinnsvis mellom 400 og 500°C. Denne praksis anvendes også ved påleggelse av et påsveisingsgods ifolge foreliggende oppfinnelse. På grunn av den relativt hoye forvarmingstemperaturen kommer det forste skiktet av belegget til å bestå av en blanding av det pålagte sveisemetallet og :det smeltete grunnmaterialet. Som regel er det derfor nodvendig å på-legge minst to, fortrinnsvis tre skikt på hverandre for å sikre at det overste skiktet får en sammensetning som ihvertfall svarer til det fra elektroden stammende tilsetningsmaterialet. Ved tillempning av spesielle metoder er det dog mulig å begrense blandingen mellom tilsetningsmaterialet og grunnmaterialet ved pålegningen av det forste skiktet såvidt meget at det ikke trengs pålegning av noe ytterligere skikt. The preheating temperature is preferably between 400 and 500°C. This practice is also used when applying a welding material according to the present invention. Due to the relatively high preheating temperature, the first layer of the coating will consist of a mixture of the applied weld metal and the molten base material. As a rule, it is therefore necessary to apply at least two, preferably three layers on top of each other to ensure that the topmost layer has a composition which at least corresponds to the additive material originating from the electrode. By applying special methods, however, it is possible to limit the mixture between the additive material and the base material when applying the first layer to such an extent that no additional layer is needed.
Det av sammensetningen ifolge oppfinnelsen beskyttede belegg The coating protected by the composition according to the invention
kan med hensyn til•karboninnhold oppdeles" i 3 grupper som har ulike metallurgiske strukturer. can be divided with respect to•carbon content' into 3 groups which have different metallurgical structures.
Et særskilt fordelaktig eksempel fra hver gruppe kommer nå til å beskrives. Eksempel I A particularly advantageous example from each group will now be described. Example I
med eller uten vanlige forurensninger, deriblant svovel i høyden 0,04% og fosfor i høyden 0,04%. with or without common impurities, including sulfur up to 0.04% and phosphorus up to 0.04%.
Belegg av denne sammensetning har en Vickershårdhet Coatings of this composition have a Vickers hardness
mellom 300 og 600 Hv. Fig. 2 viser et typisk anlopningsdiagram . For noen sammensetninger som ligger innenfor rammen av de ved eksempel I angitte grenser, kan et sekundært hårdhetsmaksimum between 300 and 600 Hv. Fig. 2 shows a typical tempering diagram. For some compositions that lie within the limits specified in example I, a secondary hardness maximum can
-opptre ved en anlopningstemperatur på ca. 500°C. -appear at an annealing temperature of approx. 500°C.
Eksempel II Example II
med eller uten vanlige forurensninger. with or without common contaminants.
Belegg med denne sammensetning har en hårdhet mellom 300 og 550 Hv. Fig. 3 viser et anlopningsdiagram for et belegg ifølge dette eksempel. Coatings with this composition have a hardness between 300 and 550 Hv. Fig. 3 shows an annealing diagram for a coating according to this example.
Eksempel III Example III
med eller uten vanlige forurensninger. with or without common contaminants.
Hårdheten til et ijelegg innen rammen av de ovenfor an- The hardness of an ice egg within the framework of the above an-
gitte grenser ligger mellom 340 til 380 Hv. Fig. 4 viser et typisk anlopningsdiagram. given limits are between 340 to 380 Hv. Fig. 4 shows a typical tempering diagram.
Alle de anforte eksempler har med godt resultat blitt anvendt All of the cited examples have been used with good results
som-, belegg på arbeidsvalse for varmvalsning. Før på- as-, coating on work roll for hot rolling. Before on-
sveisingen ble valsen, som skulle forsynes med et sliteskikt, opp-varmet til mellom 400 og 500°C og ble holdt ved denne temperatur under hele sveiseoperasjonen . Valsen ble rotert og et sveisehode for pulverbuesveising ble fort i langsom takt aksialt langs valsen, hvorved sveisestrengen ble pålagt spiralformig og tett rundt roret. I det minste to, som regel tre, skikt ble lagt på hverandre. Stromstyrken av sveisestrommen var mellom 300 og 1200 A. Ved hoyere sveisestrommer anvendtes tvillingelektroder, dvs. et par elektroder, som arbeidet på det felles sveisebadet. welding, the roller, which was to be provided with a wear layer, was heated to between 400 and 500°C and was kept at this temperature throughout the welding operation. The roll was rotated and a welding head for powder arc welding was moved at a slow rate axially along the roll, whereby the welding string was applied spirally and tightly around the rudder. At least two, usually three, layers were laid on top of each other. The amperage of the welding current was between 300 and 1200 A. At higher welding currents, twin electrodes were used, i.e. a pair of electrodes, which worked in the common welding bath.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7507899A SE393550B (en) | 1975-07-10 | 1975-07-10 | FIT-WELDED COATING ON A HOT-FORMING TOOL AND WAY TO MANUFACTURE THIS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO762417L NO762417L (en) | 1977-01-11 |
| NO139179B true NO139179B (en) | 1978-10-09 |
| NO139179C NO139179C (en) | 1979-01-17 |
Family
ID=20325106
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO762417A NO139179C (en) | 1975-07-10 | 1976-07-09 | HEAT MOLDING TOOLS, ESPECIALLY HOT ROLLING ROLLERS, WITH A COATING OF A STEEL ALLOY |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5224143A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATA485876A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU504186B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE843911A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7604508A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1065652A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH621276A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2629744C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK144660C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES449709A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI62008C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2317367A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1488109A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1062455B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7607619A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO139179C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE393550B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA763932B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4323578A (en) * | 1979-08-10 | 1982-04-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorinated carbamate insecticides |
| CH653936A5 (en) * | 1981-11-03 | 1986-01-31 | Alusuisse | METHOD FOR APPLYING WEAR PROTECTIVE LAYERS. |
| JP2870831B2 (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1999-03-17 | 日本精工株式会社 | Rolling bearing |
| DE4202828C2 (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1994-11-10 | Werner Dr Ing Theisen | Use of a wear-resistant alloy |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE525689A (en) * | ||||
| GB463716A (en) * | 1934-07-28 | 1937-04-05 | Electro Metallurg Co | Improvements in and relating to alloy steels and welding rods |
| FR1119024A (en) * | 1954-02-11 | 1956-06-14 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | welding electrodes for supplying material by welding to rolling mill rolls |
| FR1264166A (en) * | 1960-07-01 | 1961-06-19 | Coating ferrous alloy deposited by arc welding |
-
1975
- 1975-07-10 SE SE7507899A patent/SE393550B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1976
- 1976-07-01 ZA ZA763932A patent/ZA763932B/en unknown
- 1976-07-02 DE DE2629744A patent/DE2629744C3/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-02 AT AT485876A patent/ATA485876A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-07-02 AU AU15495/76A patent/AU504186B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-05 FI FI761952A patent/FI62008C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-08 BE BE168738A patent/BE843911A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-08 GB GB28479/76A patent/GB1488109A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-08 CH CH880276A patent/CH621276A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-09 IT IT25171/76A patent/IT1062455B/en active
- 1976-07-09 DK DK313476A patent/DK144660C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-07-09 CA CA256,708A patent/CA1065652A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-07-09 FR FR7621042A patent/FR2317367A1/en active Granted
- 1976-07-09 NL NL7607619A patent/NL7607619A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-07-09 BR BR7604508A patent/BR7604508A/en unknown
- 1976-07-09 JP JP51081821A patent/JPS5224143A/en active Pending
- 1976-07-09 NO NO762417A patent/NO139179C/en unknown
- 1976-07-09 ES ES449709A patent/ES449709A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES449709A1 (en) | 1977-12-16 |
| DE2629744B2 (en) | 1980-10-09 |
| DE2629744A1 (en) | 1977-01-27 |
| CA1065652A (en) | 1979-11-06 |
| FI62008C (en) | 1982-11-10 |
| DE2629744C3 (en) | 1981-11-19 |
| AU1549576A (en) | 1978-01-05 |
| SE393550B (en) | 1977-05-16 |
| FI761952A7 (en) | 1977-01-11 |
| NL7607619A (en) | 1977-01-12 |
| FR2317367A1 (en) | 1977-02-04 |
| DK144660C (en) | 1982-10-04 |
| AU504186B2 (en) | 1979-10-04 |
| GB1488109A (en) | 1977-10-05 |
| IT1062455B (en) | 1984-10-10 |
| CH621276A5 (en) | 1981-01-30 |
| DK313476A (en) | 1977-01-11 |
| NO762417L (en) | 1977-01-11 |
| FI62008B (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| SE7507899L (en) | 1977-01-11 |
| JPS5224143A (en) | 1977-02-23 |
| BE843911A (en) | 1976-11-03 |
| NO139179C (en) | 1979-01-17 |
| BR7604508A (en) | 1977-08-02 |
| FR2317367B1 (en) | 1981-05-22 |
| ZA763932B (en) | 1977-05-25 |
| ATA485876A (en) | 1978-01-15 |
| DK144660B (en) | 1982-05-03 |
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