NO138303B - ROTOR FOR A MULTI-CHAMBER TYPE PHOTOMETRIC ANALYZER - Google Patents
ROTOR FOR A MULTI-CHAMBER TYPE PHOTOMETRIC ANALYZER Download PDFInfo
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- NO138303B NO138303B NO4502/72A NO450272A NO138303B NO 138303 B NO138303 B NO 138303B NO 4502/72 A NO4502/72 A NO 4502/72A NO 450272 A NO450272 A NO 450272A NO 138303 B NO138303 B NO 138303B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BPYKTIZUTYGOLE-IFADSCNNSA-N Bilirubin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C)=C(C=C)\C1=C\C1=C(C)C(CCC(O)=O)=C(CC2=C(C(C)=C(\C=C/3C(=C(C=C)C(=O)N\3)C)N2)CCC(O)=O)N1 BPYKTIZUTYGOLE-IFADSCNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005375 photometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010082126 Alanine transaminase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000002260 Alkaline Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004774 Alkaline Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010003415 Aspartate Aminotransferases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004625 Aspartate Aminotransferases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004159 blood analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009534 blood test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150004928 bun gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
- G01N21/07—Centrifugal type cuvettes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N2035/00178—Special arrangements of analysers
- G01N2035/00326—Analysers with modular structure
- G01N2035/00336—Analysers adapted for operation in microgravity, i.e. spaceflight
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
- Y10T436/111666—Utilizing a centrifuge or compartmented rotor
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen angår en rotor for én fotometrisk arialy-sator av den roterende kuvettetype og passende for drift uten tyngdekraftens medvirkning for overføring eller tilbakeholdelse av væsker, omfattende et skiveformet organ med en sirkulær rekke prøveanalysekuvetter for mottagning av flytende prøver og reagenser, hvilket skiveformet organ har gjennomskinnelige vegger inntil analysekuvettene for å tillate lysgjennomgang gjennom disse. The invention relates to a rotor for one photometric arialysator of the rotating cuvette type and suitable for non-gravity operation for the transfer or retention of liquids, comprising a disc-shaped member having a circular array of sample analysis cuvettes for receiving liquid samples and reagents, which disc-shaped member has translucent walls next to the analysis cuvettes to allow light to pass through them.
Den senere tids utvikling av bemannede romfartøyer The recent development of manned spacecraft
har skapt et behov for analytiske systemer som raskt kan gjennom- has created a need for analytical systems that can quickly
føre forskjellige biokjemiske analyser av en astronauts kropps-væskerunder ferden i rommet. Slike analyser er nødvendige for å carry out various biochemical analyzes of an astronaut's body fluids during the journey in space. Such analyzes are necessary to
gi en fortløpende kontroll av astronautenes helsetilstand, slik at hjelpetiltak kan utføres om nødvendig. Av særskilt interesse ex blodundersøkelsermed hensyn til glucose, LDH, SGOT, SGPT, BUN, totalt protein, alkalisk fosfatase, bilirubin, kalsium, klorid, natrium, kalium og magnesium. Slike forsøk gjennomføres normalt på blodplasma, og krever en forutgående sentrifugering av blod- provide a continuous check of the astronauts' state of health, so that relief measures can be carried out if necessary. Of particular interest ex blood tests with regard to glucose, LDH, SGOT, SGPT, BUN, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, calcium, chloride, sodium, potassium and magnesium. Such tests are normally carried out on blood plasma, and require a prior centrifugation of the blood
prøver for fjernelse av de røde blodlegemer. tests for the removal of the red blood cells.
I det amerikanske patent nr. 3 586 484 beskrives In the US patent No. 3,586,484 is described
en fotometrisk analysator for en simultan gjennomføring av et antall biokjemiske analyser, ved hvilken pxesipitater fjernes fra et antall prøver ved sentrifugering før en overføring av prøvene til respektive kuvetter i et roterende kuvettesystem for fotometriske målinger. En sentral overføringsskive er forsynt med kamre i hvilke prøve- og reagensvæsker tilbakeholdes ved tyngdekraftens virkning, så lenge overføringsskiven er stillestående, a photometric analyzer for the simultaneous execution of a number of biochemical analyses, whereby precipitates are removed from a number of samples by centrifugation before a transfer of the samples to respective cuvettes in a rotating cuvette system for photometric measurements. A central transfer disk is provided with chambers in which sample and reagent liquids are retained by the action of gravity, as long as the transfer disk is stationary,
og fra hvilke, væskene ved skivens rotasjon frigjøres til de respektive sedimentasjonskamre. Etter sedimentasjonen stoppes overføringsskiven, og den overstående væske får ved tyngdekraftens virkning renne til en tredje serie kamre. Den overstående væske and from which, the liquids are released by the disc's rotation into the respective sedimentation chambers. After sedimentation, the transfer disk is stopped, and the liquid above is allowed to flow by gravity to a third series of chambers. The remaining liquid
kan deretter ved sentrifugalkraftens virkning overføres til respektive kuvetter i et roterende kuvettesystem som omgir overførings-skiven. En lyskilde og en fotodetektor er anordnet på linje med gjennomskinnelige vinduer i kuvettene for bestemmelse av konsen-trasjonen av de kjemiske bestanddeler og andre forbindelser ved måling av lysabsorpsjon i prøvene i kuvettene. Til anordningen hører også et organ for mottagning av utgangssignaler fra fotodetektoren for indikering av lystransmisjonen av prøver i kuvettene. can then by the effect of centrifugal force be transferred to respective cuvettes in a rotating cuvette system that surrounds the transfer disc. A light source and a photodetector are arranged in line with translucent windows in the cuvettes for determining the concentration of the chemical components and other compounds by measuring light absorption in the samples in the cuvettes. The device also includes a device for receiving output signals from the photodetector for indicating the light transmission of samples in the cuvettes.
Selv om det ovenfor beskrevne analytiske fotometer Although the above described analytical photometer
og liknende anordninger med roterende kuvettesystemer er kommet til almen anvendelse i forskjellige laboratorier som følge av deres evne til raskt og nøyaktig å analysere et stort antall prø-ver, er de ikke egnet for anvendelse i rommet, idet de forutsetter tyngdekraft for tilbakeholdelse eller overføring av væsker under visse trinn av arbeidssyklusen, for væskeprøvenes fylling og tømming. Selv om romfartøyer i omløpsbaner og under måneferder påvirkes av et gravitasjonsfelt slik som all materie i universet, kommer de inn i and similar devices with rotating cuvette systems have come into general use in various laboratories as a result of their ability to quickly and accurately analyze a large number of samples, they are not suitable for use in space, as they require gravity for retention or transfer of liquids during certain stages of the work cycle, for the filling and emptying of the liquid samples. Although spacecraft in orbit and during lunar journeys are affected by a gravitational field like all matter in the universe, they enter
en tilstand som kalles vektløshet, da de alltid (unntagen når rakett-motorene arbeider, og under nedstigningen) befinner seg i fritt fall med en akselerasjon som bestemmes av den påvirkende gravitasjon. Under slike omstendigheter kan tyngdekraften ikke utnyttes for over-føring eller tilbakeholdelse av væsker. a condition called weightlessness, as they are always (except when the rocket engines are working and during descent) in free fall with an acceleration determined by the acting gravity. Under such circumstances, gravity cannot be utilized for the transfer or retention of liquids.
Formålet med oppfinnelsen er således å tilveiebringe en forbedret rotor for en fotometrisk analysator av flerkammertypen, som kan arbeide uten tyngdekraftens hjelp for å overføre eller til-bakeholde væsker. Dette formål oppnås med en rotor av den innled-ningsvis angitte art, som ifølge oppfinnelsen er kjennetegnet ved de karakteriserende trekk ifølge patentkrav 1. The purpose of the invention is thus to provide an improved rotor for a photometric analyzer of the multi-chamber type, which can work without the aid of gravity to transfer or retain liquids. This purpose is achieved with a rotor of the kind indicated at the outset, which according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing features according to patent claim 1.
Den ifølge oppfinnelsen foreslåtte rotor består av et laminert, skiveformet organ med en sentral, ikke gjennomskinnelig skive anordnet mellom ytre gjennomskinnelige skiver. Den. sentrale skive er forsynt med en sirkulær rekke av aksiale hull som danner analysekuvetter når skiven anordnes mellom de ytre gjennomskinnelige skiver. Sentrale ifyllingshull strekker seg gjennom hver ytre gjennomskinnelig skive på linje med respektive fordelingskamre som er formet i den sentrale skives motsatte endeflater. Kanaler strekker seg fra hvert fordelingskammer til hver analysekuvette for overføring til disse av prøve- og reagensvæsker. Organer er anordnet for jevn fordeling av prøve- og reagensvæsker til analysekuvettene mens rotoren roterer. The rotor proposed according to the invention consists of a laminated, disc-shaped body with a central, non-translucent disc arranged between outer translucent discs. It. central disc is provided with a circular series of axial holes which form analysis cuvettes when the disc is arranged between the outer translucent discs. Central fill holes extend through each outer translucent disk in line with respective distribution chambers formed in the central disk's opposite end faces. Channels extend from each distribution chamber to each analysis cuvette for transfer to these of sample and reagent liquids. Organs are arranged for uniform distribution of sample and reagent liquids to the analysis cuvettes while the rotor rotates.
Oppfinnelsen skal beskrives nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningene, der fig. 1 viser skjematisk et vertikalsnitt gjennom en fotometrisk analysator med den ifølge oppfinnelsen foreslåtte rotor, fig. 2 viser skjematisk, sett ovenfra, den fotometriske. analysator ifølge fig. 1, fig. 3 viser, sett ovenfra, prøvepåfyIlingssiden av den foreslåtte rotor, fig. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings, where fig. 1 schematically shows a vertical section through a photometric analyzer with the rotor proposed according to the invention, fig. 2 shows schematically, seen from above, the photometric. analyzer according to fig. 1, fig. 3 shows, seen from above, the sample loading side of the proposed rotor, fig.
4 er et perspektivbilde, gjennomskåret og delvis bortskåret, som 4 is a perspective view, cut through and partially cut away, which
viser rotorens prøvepåfyllingsside, fig. 5 viser skjematisk reagenspåfyllingssiden av den foreslåtte rotor, og fig. 6 er et perspektivbilde, gjennomskåret og delvis bortskåret, som viser rotorens reagenspåfyllingsside. shows the sample filling side of the rotor, fig. 5 schematically shows the reagent filling side of the proposed rotor, and fig. 6 is a perspective view, cut through and partially cut away, showing the reagent fill side of the rotor.
På fig. 1 og 2 er vist en fotometrisk analysator av den roterende type omfattende rotoren 1 ifølge oppfinnelsen, vist på en forenklet, skjematisk måte. Rotoren 1 bæres av en motor-drevet plattform 2, omfattende en sylindrisk del 3 som slutter i en sirkulær skive 4 med en fra denne oppstående kant 5 for å gi rotoren støtte i sideretningen. Organer (ikke vist), f.eks. en kile og magnet, benyttes for å forhindre relativ rotasjon mellom rotoren 1 og plattformen 2 og fastholder rotoren på plattformen ved vektløshet under romfart, samtidig med at rotoren om ønskes når som helst kan fjernes for hånd. In fig. 1 and 2 show a photometric analyzer of the rotary type comprising the rotor 1 according to the invention, shown in a simplified, schematic way. The rotor 1 is supported by a motor-driven platform 2, comprising a cylindrical part 3 which ends in a circular disc 4 with an edge 5 rising from this to give the rotor support in the lateral direction. Organs (not shown), e.g. a wedge and magnet, is used to prevent relative rotation between the rotor 1 and the platform 2 and maintains the rotor on the platform in weightlessness during space travel, while the rotor can be removed by hand at any time if desired.
En fotometrisk lyskilde 6 gir en lysstråle med kon-stant lysstyrke, og som faller mot rotoren 1 i et punkt som til-svarer prøveanalysekuvettenes 7 radiale posisjoner. I plattformens 2 plane skive 4 er anordnet åpninger som er aksialt innrettet med analysekuvettene 7. Den fra lyskilden 6 utgående stråle, vist som en stiplet linje på fig. 1, er rettet slik at den passerer gjennom hver åpning 8 og kuvette 7 når disse passerer under strå-len. A photometric light source 6 provides a light beam of constant brightness, which falls towards the rotor 1 at a point corresponding to the radial positions of the sample analysis cuvettes 7. Openings are arranged in the flat plate 4 of the platform 2 which are axially aligned with the analysis cuvettes 7. The beam emanating from the light source 6, shown as a dashed line in fig. 1, is directed so that it passes through each opening 8 and cuvette 7 when these pass under the beam.
En elektronisk fotodetektor 9 er anordnet under rotoren 1 og plattformens 2 plane skive 4, og slik rettet at den under rotasjon kan motta det lys som går gjennom analysekuvettene. Fotodetektoren 9 omfatter et fotomultiplikatorrør som reagerer med et elektrisk utgangssignal som er proporsjonalt med intensi- An electronic photodetector 9 is arranged below the rotor 1 and the flat disk 4 of the platform 2, and so directed that during rotation it can receive the light passing through the analysis cuvettes. The photodetector 9 comprises a photomultiplier tube which reacts with an electrical output signal which is proportional to the intensity
teten av det gjennom kuvettene overførte lys. the peak of the light transmitted through the cuvettes.
Mellom plattformens 2 plane skive 4 og fotodetek- Between the platform's 2 planar disk 4 and the photodetector
toren 9 er anordnet én innstillbar filtervelger 11 med et antall lysfiltre 12 med forskjellige lystransmisjonsegenskaper. En fjær-belastet innstillingsmekanisme 13 griper inn i passende askilte fordypninger i filtervelgeren 11 for å innstille hvert lysfilter aksialt i forhold til lyskilden 6 og fotodektoren 9. tore 9 is arranged one adjustable filter selector 11 with a number of light filters 12 with different light transmission properties. A spring-loaded adjustment mechanism 13 engages in suitably spaced recesses in the filter selector 11 to adjust each light filter axially in relation to the light source 6 and the photodetector 9.
En magnetskivebrems 14 er montert ved skivens 4 radialt ytterste del for rask bremsing av den roterende plattform 2. A magnetic disk brake 14 is mounted at the radially outermost part of the disk 4 for rapid braking of the rotating platform 2.
En indikator 15 for rotorstillingen.er anordnet for å generere An indicator 15 for the rotor position is arranged to generate
pulser ved hjelp av fotodioder som belyses gjennom åpninger 16 som er boret gjennom skiven 4. Ved hjelp av en passende kretsanordning utnyttes pulsene for kontroll av rotorens turtall og korrelering av de gjennom analysekuvettene overførte lyspulser med rotorens stilling. pulses by means of photodiodes which are illuminated through openings 16 which are drilled through the disc 4. By means of a suitable circuit device, the pulses are utilized for checking the rotor speed and correlating the light pulses transmitted through the analysis cuvettes with the position of the rotor.
På fig. 3 og 4 er vist rotorens 1 prøvepåfyllings- In fig. 3 and 4 show the rotor's 1 trial filling
side i plan- henholdsvis perspekt!vbilde. Rotoren har en laminert konstruksjon med en sentral, fortrinnsvis ugjennomskinnelig plast-skive 17 anordnet mellom transparente plastskiver 18 og 19. Skiven 17 er forsynt med en sirkulær gruppe aksiale hull som tjener som analysekuvetter 7. Skiven 17 er dessuten forsynt med en rekke, i hovedsaken radialt orienterte fordypninger som strekker seg fra hver kuvette 7 til et sentralt prøvefordelingskammer 20. En sentralt anordnet, konisk port 21 for tilførsel av prøvevæske strek- side in plan or perspective view. The rotor has a laminated construction with a central, preferably opaque plastic disk 17 arranged between transparent plastic disks 18 and 19. The disk 17 is provided with a circular group of axial holes which serve as analysis cuvettes 7. The disk 17 is also provided with a number, in the main radially oriented recesses that extend from each cuvette 7 to a central sample distribution chamber 20. A centrally arranged, conical port 21 for the supply of sample liquid
ker seg gjennom skiven 18 på linje med prøvefordelingskammeret 20. _ passes through the disk 18 in line with the sample distribution chamber 20. _
Radialt utadgående prøvefordelingskanaler 22, én for hver analysekuvette 7, skjærer hverandre ved prøvefordelingskamme-rets 20 periferi under dannelse av en sagtannformet kant som sikrer en jevn fordeling av prøvevæsken til kanalene 22 når rotoren 1 roterer og prøvevæsken innmatés gjennom påfyllingsporten 21. Over-strømningskanaler 23 og kaviteter eller hulrom 24 for oppsamling av overstrømmende væske kan anordnes for å begrense væskevolumet i hver kanal 22 og for å sikre tilstrekkelig jevn fordeling av prøvevæske.-. til kanalene 22. Kanalene 22 har kapillarstørrelse, dvs. er dimensjonert for å virke som kapillarrør, for å forhindre tap av prøve-væske under vektløs tilstand og når rotoren ikke roterer. Radially outward sample distribution channels 22, one for each analysis cuvette 7, intersect at the periphery of the sample distribution chamber 20 forming a sawtooth-shaped edge which ensures an even distribution of the sample liquid to the channels 22 when the rotor 1 rotates and the sample liquid is fed through the filling port 21. Overflow channels 23 and cavities or voids 24 for collecting overflowing liquid can be arranged to limit the volume of liquid in each channel 22 and to ensure sufficiently even distribution of sample liquid.-. to the channels 22. The channels 22 have capillary size, i.e. are dimensioned to act as capillary tubes, to prevent loss of sample liquid under weightless condition and when the rotor is not rotating.
Fra et punkt nær, men i avstand fra den radiale ytterende av h<y>er kanal 22, utgår en forbindelseskanal 25 som slutter ved en tilsvarende analysekuvette 7. Hver forbindelseskanal 25 er bøyet slik at den går radialt innover fra sitt skjærings-punkt med kanalen 22 og deretter radialt utover til hver kuvette. Den bøyde form forhindrer direkte strømning av prøvevæske til kuvettene 7 etter at den er fordelt til kanalene 22, da det på. væskeprøven ved akselerasjonen dannede overtrykk balanseres av overtrykket fra væsken i det inngående ben 26 av hver tilsvarende kanal 25. Som ovenfor nevnt, skjærer hver kanal 25 en tilsvarende kanal 22 ved et punkt som ligger i en avstand fra den radiale ytterende. Derved dannes en utskiller i hvilken partikler i prøvevæsken kan avsette seg og sammenpakkes ved akselerasjonskraf-ten, slik at kun den rene væskekomponent av prøvevæsken innmates i analysekuvettene. From a point close to, but at a distance from, the radial outer end of h<y>er channel 22, a connection channel 25 originates which ends at a corresponding analysis cuvette 7. Each connection channel 25 is bent so that it runs radially inwards from its intersection point with the channel 22 and then radially outwards to each cuvette. The bent shape prevents direct flow of sample liquid to the cuvettes 7 after it has been distributed to the channels 22, as it on. the excess pressure created by the liquid sample during the acceleration is balanced by the excess pressure from the liquid in the entering leg 26 of each corresponding channel 25. As mentioned above, each channel 25 intersects a corresponding channel 22 at a point located at a distance from the radial outer end. Thereby, a separator is formed in which particles in the sample liquid can settle and be packed together by the acceleration force, so that only the pure liquid component of the sample liquid is fed into the analysis cuvettes.
Fig. 5 og 6 viser rotorens 1 reagenspåfyllingsside Fig. 5 and 6 show the reagent filling side of the rotor 1
i plan- henholdsvis perspekt!vbilde. Et reagensfordelingskammer 27 kommuniserer med kuvettene 7 gjennom radiale fordelingskanaler 28 som har kapillarstørrelse for at væsken i kuvettene skal tilbakeholdes under vektløs tilstand og når rotoren ikke roterer. Reagensfordelingskammeret 27 er forsynt med en sagtannformet kant-, linje på de steder hvor kanalene 28 skjærer hverandre på samme måte som i prøvefordelingskammeret 20. En sentralt anordnet, konisk port 29 for tilførsel av reagensvæske strekker seg gjennom skiven 19 på linje med reagensfordelingskammeret 27. in plan or perspective view. A reagent distribution chamber 27 communicates with the cuvettes 7 through radial distribution channels 28 which have capillary size in order for the liquid in the cuvettes to be retained under weightless conditions and when the rotor is not rotating. The reagent distribution chamber 27 is provided with a sawtooth-shaped edge line at the places where the channels 28 intersect in the same way as in the sample distribution chamber 20. A centrally arranged, conical port 29 for supplying reagent liquid extends through the disk 19 in line with the reagent distribution chamber 27.
Under drift kan en eneste reagens i form av en opp-løsning injiseres gjennom reagenspåfyllingsporten 29 i den roterende rotor. Så snart reagensvæsken er kommet inn i analysekuvettene, tilbakeholdes den i disse ved kapillarvirkningen selv under vekt-løshet og når rotoren ikke roterer. Anvendelse av en eneste reagens skulle imidlertid begrense systemet til analyse av like store deler for kun én bestanddel. Ifølge en foretrukken arbeidsmetode tilsettes forskjellige reagenser i forveien til kuvettene og lyo-filiseres. Når en fotometrisk analyse skal utføres, oppløses de lyofiliserte reagenser ved injeksjon av vann eller en pufferopp-løsning i den roterende rotor på den beskrevne måte. En slik operasjon gjør det mulig å gjennomføre flere kjemiske analyser av en eneste blodprøve. During operation, a single reagent in the form of a solution can be injected through the reagent filling port 29 in the rotating rotor. As soon as the reagent liquid has entered the analysis cuvettes, it is retained in these by the capillary action even under weightlessness and when the rotor is not rotating. However, the use of a single reagent would limit the system to the analysis of equal parts for only one component. According to a preferred working method, various reagents are added beforehand to the cuvettes and lyophilized. When a photometric analysis is to be performed, the lyophilized reagents are dissolved by injecting water or a buffer solution into the rotating rotor in the manner described. Such an operation makes it possible to carry out several chemical analyzes of a single blood sample.
En prøvevæske, såsom blod, injiseres deretter i den roterende rotor, f.eks. ved hjelp av en injeksjonssprøyte hvis nål føres gjennom påfyllingsporten 21 for innføring av væske-prøven i prøvefordelingskammeret 20. Prøven strømmer radialt utover gjennom prøvefordelingskanalene 22 til de når og fyller kanalenes ender og renner over i overstrømningskanalene 2 3 og oppsam-lingshulrommene 24. Rotoren drives med et tilstrekkelig turtall for separering av faste bestanddeler, i dette tilfelle røde blodlegemer, som adskilles i kanalenes 22 ytre ender. Lufttrykk til-føres deretter gjennom prøvepåfyllingsporten 21 for å drive det etter blodlegemenes avsentrifugering gjenværende blodplasma gjennom kanalene 25 og inn i analysekuvettene 7. Alternativt kan en væske, såsom vann, eller en saltoppløsning, innsprøytes for å for-trenge plasmaet. Etter innføring i kuvettene blandes plasmaet og reagensene og analyseres fotometrisk. A sample fluid, such as blood, is then injected into the rotating rotor, e.g. by means of an injection syringe, the needle of which is passed through the filling port 21 to introduce the liquid sample into the sample distribution chamber 20. The sample flows radially outward through the sample distribution channels 22 until they reach and fill the ends of the channels and overflow into the overflow channels 2 3 and the collection cavities 24. The rotor is driven with a sufficient speed for the separation of solid components, in this case red blood cells, which are separated at the outer ends of the channels 22. Air pressure is then supplied through the sample filling port 21 to drive the blood plasma remaining after the blood cells have been centrifuged through the channels 25 and into the analysis cuvettes 7. Alternatively, a liquid, such as water or a salt solution, can be injected to displace the plasma. After introduction into the cuvettes, the plasma and reagents are mixed and analyzed photometrically.
Etter de fotometriske analyser kan hele rotoren kas-seres og en ny rotor innsettes i plattformen for flere simultane undersøkelser av den neste prøve. Om så ønskes, kan prøve- og reagensmaterialet i den kasserte rotor forbli i rotoren selv under vektløs tilstand på grunn av kapillareffekten i kanalene 22 og 28. Påfyllingsportene kan permanent plugges for ytterligere avsteng-ning eller rotoren kan plasseres i en tett plastpose. After the photometric analyses, the entire rotor can be discarded and a new rotor inserted into the platform for several simultaneous examinations of the next sample. If desired, the sample and reagent material in the discarded rotor can remain in the rotor even under weightless conditions due to the capillary effect in the channels 22 and 28. The filling ports can be permanently plugged for further closure or the rotor can be placed in a tight plastic bag.
Eksempel Example
Rotorer er blitt fremstilt ifølge oppfinnelsen for anvendelse ved fullstendig blodanalyse som kan utføres uten væske-tap enten ved romferder under vektløs tilstand eller på jordover-flaten. Rotorene ble fremstilt av plastskiver med den største diameter i området 57 - 90 mm, idet hver midtskive 17 hadde en tykkelse på 5 mm og de ytre skiver 18 pg 19 hadde en tykkelse på Rotors have been manufactured according to the invention for use in complete blood analysis which can be carried out without fluid loss either during space travel under weightless conditions or on the earth's surface. The rotors were made from plastic discs with the largest diameter in the range 57 - 90 mm, each central disc 17 having a thickness of 5 mm and the outer discs 18 and 19 having a thickness of
3 mm. 3 mm.
For utforming av reagenspåfyllingssiden åv hver rotor ble midtskivens 17 ene side bearbeidet for dannelse av reagensfor-delingskamre 27 med en avstand A = 10 mm mellom de radialt innerste skjæringspunkter for kanalene 28. I de mindre rotorer med diameter på 57 mm ble det gjennom hver midtskive 17, nær dens periferi, langs en felles sirkel med diameter på 44,5 mm boret åtte langs sirkelen jevnt fordelte hull. Størrelsen av disse hull bestemte kuvettenes volum (0,1 cm 3). Kanaler 27 av kapillarstørrelse for muliggjørelse av væskeoverføring på skivens 17 reagenspåfyllings- To design the reagent filling side of each rotor, one side of the central disk 17 was machined to form reagent distribution chambers 27 with a distance A = 10 mm between the radially innermost intersections of the channels 28. In the smaller rotors with a diameter of 57 mm, each central disk was 17, near its periphery, along a common circle with a diameter of 44.5 mm drilled eight holes evenly spaced along the circle. The size of these holes determined the volume of the cuvettes (0.1 cm 3 ). Channels 27 of capillary size to enable liquid transfer on the disk 17 reagent filling
side ble fremstilt ved fresing av spor med bredde B = 0,8 mm.i side was produced by milling grooves with width B = 0.8 mm.i
midtskiven. center disc.
For utforming av rotorens prøvepåfyllingsside ble For the design of the sample filling side of the rotor was
skivens 17 motsatte sider bearbeidet for dannelse av en kopi av fordelingskammeret på reagenspåfyllingssiden. Kanalene 22 ble frest til en dybde på 1,6 mm og en bredde B = 2,4 mm. Bøyde for-bindelseskanaler 25, som ble frest med en bredde D = 0,8 mm og.en dybde på 0,8 mm for oppnåelse av kapillareffekt, skar kanalene the disc 17 opposite sides machined to form a replica of the distribution chamber on the reagent fill side. The channels 22 were milled to a depth of 1.6 mm and a width B = 2.4 mm. Bent connection channels 25, which were milled with a width D = 0.8 mm and a depth of 0.8 mm to achieve capillary effect, cut the channels
.22 i en avstand E =3,2 mm fra deres ytre ender. .22 at a distance E =3.2 mm from their outer ends.
De ytre, gjennomskinnelige plastskiver 18 og 19 ble The outer, translucent plastic discs 18 and 19 were
limt til den ugjennomskinnelige midtskive 17 for å dekke de åpne kanaler og hull og danne et lukket system av prøve- og reagens- glued to the opaque central disc 17 to cover the open channels and holes and form a closed system of sample and reagent
fordelingskanaler og prøveanalysekuvetter. Voksbelegg ble lagt på de utfreste kanaler og hull for å hindre limet i å flyte inn i disse. distribution channels and sample analysis cuvettes. Wax coatings were placed on the milled channels and holes to prevent the glue from flowing into them.
Rotorer med diameter på 90 mm og sytten kuvetter ble Rotors with a diameter of 90 mm and seventeen cuvettes were
fremstilt på liknende måte som rotorer med diameter på 57 mm.- produced in a similar way to rotors with a diameter of 57 mm.-
Dimensjonene på kuvettene, fordelingskanalene og rotortykkelsen The dimensions of the cuvettes, the distribution channels and the rotor thickness
var de samme som for den mindre rotor. Lengden av de forskjellige kanaler ble forlenget for tilpasning til den større radius for 90 mm-rotoren. were the same as for the smaller rotor. The length of the various ducts was extended to accommodate the larger radius of the 90mm rotor.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US20646871A | 1971-12-09 | 1971-12-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO138303B true NO138303B (en) | 1978-05-02 |
| NO138303C NO138303C (en) | 1978-08-09 |
Family
ID=22766526
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO4502/72A NO138303C (en) | 1971-12-09 | 1972-12-07 | ROTOR FOR A MULTI-CHAMBER TYPE PHOTOMETRIC ANALYZER |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3744975A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5536937B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT322880B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE792465A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7208672D0 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA966333A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH549209A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2260292C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK148520C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES409317A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2164306A5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1371465A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL40915A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT984613B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL173890C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO138303C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE384086B (en) |
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| US5622871A (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1997-04-22 | Unilever Patent Holdings B.V. | Capillary immunoassay and device therefor comprising mobilizable particulate labelled reagents |
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| US3856470A (en) * | 1973-01-10 | 1974-12-24 | Baxter Laboratories Inc | Rotor apparatus |
| US3795451A (en) * | 1973-04-24 | 1974-03-05 | Atomic Energy Commission | Rotor for fast analyzer of rotary cuvette type |
| US3864089A (en) * | 1973-12-10 | 1975-02-04 | Atomic Energy Commission | Multiple-sample rotor assembly for blood fraction preparation |
| US3890101A (en) * | 1974-02-15 | 1975-06-17 | Us Energy | Collection ring for use in multiple-sample blood fractionation centrifugal rotors |
| US3899296A (en) * | 1974-07-17 | 1975-08-12 | Us Energy | Whole blood analysis rotor for a multistation dynamic photometer |
| US3901658A (en) * | 1974-07-30 | 1975-08-26 | Us Energy | Whole blood analysis rotor assembly having removable cellular sedimentation bowl |
| US3982691A (en) * | 1974-10-09 | 1976-09-28 | Schlutz Charles A | Centrifuge separation and washing device and method |
| SE399768B (en) * | 1975-09-29 | 1978-02-27 | Lilja Jan E | CYVETT FOR SAMPLING, MIXING OF, THE SAMPLE WITH A REAGENTS AND DIRECT PERFORMANCE OF, SPECIAL OPTICAL, ANALYSIS OF THE SAMPLE MIXED WITH THE REAGENTS |
| US4226531A (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1980-10-07 | Instrumentation Laboratory Inc. | Disposable multi-cuvette rotor |
| US4225558A (en) * | 1978-09-19 | 1980-09-30 | Honeywell Inc. | Fluid sample test apparatus and fluid sample cell for use therein |
| JPS5695354A (en) * | 1979-12-28 | 1981-08-01 | Akira Okumura | Dispensing and discharging method of liquid component in centrifugal rotor |
| US4663296A (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1987-05-05 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Multicuvette rotor for analyzer |
| CA1152353A (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1983-08-23 | Georges Revillet | Multicuvette rotor for analyser |
| DE3044372A1 (en) * | 1980-11-25 | 1982-07-08 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | ROTOR UNIT WITH INSERT ELEMENTS FOR A CENTRIFUGAL ANALYZER |
| FR2503866A1 (en) * | 1981-04-14 | 1982-10-15 | Guigan Jean | DEVICE FOR DELIVERING A DETERMINED DOSE OF A LIQUID SAMPLE IN A CELL AND ASSOCIATED METHOD |
| FR2507325A1 (en) * | 1981-06-05 | 1982-12-10 | Guigan Jean | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE SUCCESSIVE CONTACT OF A LIQUID SAMPLE WITH MULTIPLE REAGENTS |
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| US5496520A (en) * | 1982-01-08 | 1996-03-05 | Kelton; Arden A. | Rotary fluid manipulator |
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| JPS58191399U (en) * | 1982-06-16 | 1983-12-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Blower impeller |
| FR2578054B1 (en) * | 1985-02-28 | 1988-02-26 | Inovelf Sa | METHODS AND DEVICES FOR THE PREPARATION, PACKAGING AND USE OF REAGENT MEDIA |
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| US5173262A (en) * | 1987-07-17 | 1992-12-22 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Rotor assembly and method for automatically processing liquids |
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| US5160702A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1992-11-03 | Molecular Devices Corporation | Analyzer with improved rotor structure |
| US6352862B1 (en) | 1989-02-17 | 2002-03-05 | Unilever Patent Holdings B.V. | Analytical test device for imuno assays and methods of using same |
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| KR101257975B1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2013-04-30 | 제너럴 일렉트릭 캄파니 | Methods and systems for delivery of fluidic samples to sensor arrays |
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| AU2021237737A1 (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2022-11-24 | Orbis Diagnostics Limited | Multi-chambered assay devices and associated methods, systems and apparatuses thereof for detection of analytes |
| CN112246452A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | A kind of centrifuge, automatic centrifuge system and operation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3547547A (en) * | 1969-03-13 | 1970-12-15 | Atomic Energy Commission | Analytical photometer with means for measuring,holding and transferring discrete liquid volumes and method of use thereof |
| GB1340497A (en) * | 1970-03-25 | 1973-12-12 | Mse Holdings Ltd | Centrifugal analyser |
-
0
- BE BE792465D patent/BE792465A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1971
- 1971-12-09 US US00206468A patent/US3744975A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-11-15 CA CA156,522A patent/CA966333A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-16 GB GB5287872A patent/GB1371465A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-24 IL IL40915A patent/IL40915A/en unknown
- 1972-11-30 NL NLAANVRAGE7216233,A patent/NL173890C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-12-05 ES ES409317A patent/ES409317A1/en not_active Expired
- 1972-12-05 FR FR7243251A patent/FR2164306A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-12-06 AT AT1039472A patent/AT322880B/en active
- 1972-12-06 CH CH1780172A patent/CH549209A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-12-07 IT IT32661/72A patent/IT984613B/en active
- 1972-12-07 NO NO4502/72A patent/NO138303C/en unknown
- 1972-12-08 SE SE7216065A patent/SE384086B/en unknown
- 1972-12-08 BR BR008672/72A patent/BR7208672D0/en unknown
- 1972-12-08 DE DE2260292A patent/DE2260292C2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-12-08 JP JP12328572A patent/JPS5536937B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1972-12-08 DK DK612672A patent/DK148520C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2164306A5 (en) | 1973-07-27 |
| NL7216233A (en) | 1973-06-13 |
| IL40915A (en) | 1975-03-13 |
| JPS4866481A (en) | 1973-09-12 |
| DE2260292A1 (en) | 1973-06-14 |
| ES409317A1 (en) | 1975-12-16 |
| DK148520B (en) | 1985-07-22 |
| US3744975A (en) | 1973-07-10 |
| JPS5536937B2 (en) | 1980-09-25 |
| NL173890C (en) | 1984-03-16 |
| NL173890B (en) | 1983-10-17 |
| BR7208672D0 (en) | 1973-08-30 |
| CA966333A (en) | 1975-04-22 |
| GB1371465A (en) | 1974-10-23 |
| DE2260292C2 (en) | 1984-09-27 |
| AU4911972A (en) | 1974-05-23 |
| IL40915A0 (en) | 1973-01-30 |
| BE792465A (en) | 1973-03-30 |
| IT984613B (en) | 1974-11-20 |
| AT322880B (en) | 1975-06-10 |
| NO138303C (en) | 1978-08-09 |
| SE384086B (en) | 1976-04-12 |
| DK148520C (en) | 1986-03-03 |
| CH549209A (en) | 1974-05-15 |
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