NO135321B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO135321B NO135321B NO3082/72A NO308272A NO135321B NO 135321 B NO135321 B NO 135321B NO 3082/72 A NO3082/72 A NO 3082/72A NO 308272 A NO308272 A NO 308272A NO 135321 B NO135321 B NO 135321B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- soot
- pellets
- binder
- bitumen
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010003 thermal finishing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCPLVIGCWWTHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-L methyl blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[NH+]C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC(=CC=3)S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)C=C1 MCPLVIGCWWTHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 petrol or naphtha Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/28—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic using special binding agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/56—Treatment of carbon black ; Purification
- C09C1/58—Agglomerating, pelleting, or the like by wet methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/19—Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for fjernelse av sot fra en vandig sotsuspensjon. En slik sotsuspensjon oppstår f.eks. ved vasking med vann av en sotholdig syntesegass erholdt ved delvis forbrenning av hydrocarboner. Sotfjernelsen omfatter pelletisering av sotpartiklene mens de er i suspensjonen som holdes under turbulente betingelser, ved hjelp av ett eller flere lette hydrocarboner som tilsettes til suspensjonen og som virker som bindemiddel for sotpartiklene. De derved erholdte pellets bestående av sot og bindemiddel fjernes fra det rensede, vann, hvorefter de erholdte pellets sluttelig tørkes. Soten må fjernes fra vannet for å rense dette for fornyet anvendelse eller før det slippes ut. Den fjernede sot representerer en betydelig verdi da den eksempelvis kan anvendes som brennstoff. Det til sotsuspensjonen tilsatte bindemiddel fortrenger vann fra over-flaten av sotpartiklene som ved etterfølgende kontakt vil hefte sammen. De derved dannede pellets eller agglomerater kan være mer eller mindre sfæriske. Størrelsen og formen er avhengig av den turbulente bevegelse, konsentrasjonen av sot og bindemiddel, temperaturen og tidsrommet for pelletiserings- eller agglomererings-prosessen. En meget egnet metode er beskrevet i britisk patent-skrift nr. 1024475 i henhold'til hvilken pellets meden diameter på 2 - 6 mm fremstilles fra sotpartiJcler som har en partikkel-størrelse på ca. 10 pm. The present invention relates to a method for removing soot from an aqueous soot suspension. Such a soot suspension occurs e.g. by washing with water a soot-containing synthesis gas obtained by partial combustion of hydrocarbons. The soot removal comprises pelletizing the soot particles while they are in the suspension which is kept under turbulent conditions, using one or more light hydrocarbons which are added to the suspension and which act as a binder for the soot particles. The thus obtained pellets consisting of soot and binder are removed from the purified water, after which the obtained pellets are finally dried. The soot must be removed from the water to clean it for renewed use or before it is discharged. The removed soot represents a significant value as it can, for example, be used as fuel. The binder added to the soot suspension displaces water from the surface of the soot particles, which will stick together upon subsequent contact. The pellets or agglomerates thus formed can be more or less spherical. The size and shape depend on the turbulent movement, the concentration of soot and binder, the temperature and the time period for the pelletisation or agglomeration process. A very suitable method is described in British patent document no. 1024475 according to which pellets with a diameter of 2 - 6 mm are produced from soot particles which have a particle size of approx. 10 p.m.
Mange hydrocarbontyper kan anvendes som bindemiddel, -eksempel" vis bensin, naftha, gassolje, fyringsolje og bitumen. Produkter Many hydrocarbon types can be used as binders, for example petrol, naphtha, gas oil, fuel oil and bitumen. Products
som toluen kan også anvendes. Anvendelse av lette hydrocarboner er fordelaktig ved at bindemidlet kan gjenvinnes ~f .eks. ved å kombinere de våte pellets eller agglomerater med varm, tung fyringsolje, hvilket resulterer i at de lette hydrocarboner for-damper og soten tas opp i fyringsoljen. I dette tilfelle er- such as toluene can also be used. The use of light hydrocarbons is advantageous in that the binder can be recovered ~ e.g. by combining the wet pellets or agglomerates with hot, heavy fuel oil, which results in the light hydrocarbons evaporating and the soot being absorbed into the fuel oil. In this case, the
holdes ikke tørre pellets. Sterke pellets erholdes hvis de lette hydrocarboner fordampes fra de våte pellets eller agglomerater uten å bringe massen i kontakt med en annen væske. Hvis det pelletiserte produkt skal lagres eller transporteres, bør det ha større mekanisk styrke enn det hverved erholdte. Dette krav kan tilfredsstilles ved anvendelse av tunge oljer .eller bitumen som bindemiddel. Sålenge de erholdte pellets kun skal anvendes som brennstoff, er det kun krevet at de ikke skal gå over i pulver- Do not keep dry pellets. Strong pellets are obtained if the light hydrocarbons are evaporated from the wet pellets or agglomerates without bringing the mass into contact with another liquid. If the pelletized product is to be stored or transported, it should have greater mechanical strength than that obtained in this way. This requirement can be satisfied by using heavy oils or bitumen as a binder. As long as the obtained pellets are only to be used as fuel, it is only required that they not turn into powder
form for raskt eller hefte sammen under transport eller lagring. Disse betingelser kan lett tilfredsstilles ved kjente metoder. shape to quickly or staple together during transport or storage. These conditions can easily be satisfied by known methods.
En interessant oppdagelse er at sot som oppstår ved en gass-fremstillingsprosess som beskrevet ovenfor, utviser spesielt at-traktive porøsitetsegenskaper som gjør den egnet for anvendelse som absorberingsmiddel. Det spesifikke overflateareal og pore- An interesting discovery is that soot produced by a gas production process as described above exhibits particularly attractive porosity properties which make it suitable for use as absorbent. The specific surface area and pore
volum har spesielt vist seg å ha usedvanlig høye verdier. Pelletisering av denne sot i henhold til de kjente metoder vil imidlertid forårsake en markant nedsettelse av porøsiteten eller gi pellets méd meget lav mekanisk styrke som gjør at de neppe kan håndteres. Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte ved hvilken disse vanskeligheter unngås. volume in particular has been shown to have exceptionally high values. Pelletizing this soot according to the known methods will, however, cause a marked reduction in porosity or give pellets with very low mechanical strength which means that they can hardly be handled. The present invention relates to a method by which these difficulties are avoided.
Oppfinnelsen angår derfor en fremgangsmåte ved fjernelse av The invention therefore relates to a method for the removal of
so.t- fra en vandig suspensjon, hvor sotpartiklene pelletiseres i den vandige suspensjon som holdes under turbulente betingelser, soot- from an aqueous suspension, where the soot particles are pelletized in the aqueous suspension which is kept under turbulent conditions,
ved hjelp av et bindemiddel bestående av et lett hydrocarbon, og de erholdte pellets derefter skilles fra den vandige, fase og til slutt tørkes, og fremgangsmåten er særpreget ved at det i tillegg til hydrocarbonmidlet tilsettes 1-20 vekt%, basert på soten, av et bitumen eller 50-150 vekt% polystyren, basert på soten, til sotsuspensjonen før eller under pelletriseringen, og at de tørkede pellets oppvarmes til en temperatur over bitumenets eller poly-styrenets spaltningstemperatur for å øke pelletenes mekaniske fasthet.. with the help of a binder consisting of a light hydrocarbon, and the pellets obtained are then separated from the aqueous phase and finally dried, and the method is characterized by the fact that, in addition to the hydrocarbon agent, 1-20% by weight, based on the soot, of a bitumen or 50-150% by weight polystyrene, based on the soot, to the soot suspension before or during pelletisation, and that the dried pellets are heated to a temperature above the bitumen's or polystyrene's decomposition temperature to increase the pellets' mechanical strength.
Suspensjonen holdes i turbulent bevegelse, og bindemidlet The suspension is kept in turbulent motion, and the binder
og det pelletforsterkende tilsetningsmiddel bestående av et bitumen eller polystyren vil derfor fordeles jevnt over sotpartiklene. Bindemidlet består av et lett hydrocarbon eller en blanding av and the pellet-strengthening additive consisting of a bitumen or polystyrene will therefore be distributed evenly over the soot particles. The binder consists of a light hydrocarbon or a mixture of
lette hydrocarboner, som bensin eller naftha, som preferensielt fukter sotpartiklene. Sotpartiklene vil derefter agglomerere light hydrocarbons, such as petrol or naphtha, which preferentially wet the soot particles. The soot particles will then agglomerate
under dannelse av pellets som kan skilles fra væsken, eksempelvis ved filtrering eller ved hjelp av en syklon. Avhengig av den anvendte agglomereringsteknikk vil væsken være vann eller bindemiddel. De således erholdte pellets vil inneholde noe fritt bindemiddel, i det vesentlige mellom partiklene og i porene. De erholdte pellets vil også inneholde det pelletforsterkende tilsetningsmiddel, og avhengig av dets natur vil tilsetningsmidlet utelukkende være til-stede mellom sotpartiklene eller også i dets porer. De erholdte pellets er fremdeles ganske svake, og på grunn av at porene er fylte er porøsitetsegenskapene fremdeles meget dårlige. during the formation of pellets that can be separated from the liquid, for example by filtration or with the help of a cyclone. Depending on the agglomeration technique used, the liquid will be water or binder. The pellets thus obtained will contain some free binder, essentially between the particles and in the pores. The pellets obtained will also contain the pellet-strengthening additive, and depending on its nature, the additive will be exclusively present between the soot particles or also in its pores. The pellets obtained are still quite weak, and due to the fact that the pores are filled, the porosity properties are still very poor.
Det er å anbefale at pelletene før den termiske etterbehandling tørkes fullstendig eller i det vesentlige ved avdampning av bindemidlet. Dette kan f.eks. utføres ved fluidisering av pelletene ved hjelp av en gasstrøm ved en passende temperatur som for bensin som bindemiddel eksempelvis er 120°C. Det ikke- It is recommended that the pellets are dried completely or essentially by evaporation of the binder before the thermal finishing. This can e.g. is carried out by fluidizing the pellets using a gas stream at a suitable temperature, which for petrol as a binder is, for example, 120°C. It not-
flyktige tilsetningsmiddel forblir i de erholdte pellets. Derefter utføres den termiske etterbehandling ved en temperatur på minst 300°C. Den valgte temperatur er avhengig av bindemidlets natur, men temperaturen må være så høy at konsolidering finner sted, eksempelvis ved termisk cracking og carbonisering av tilsetningsmidlet eller ved smelting eller på annen måte som forklart i det følgende. Som en følge av dette vil den mekaniske styrke av pelletene stige vesentlig, og porøsitetsegenskapene bibeholdes eller gjenopprettes. volatile additive remains in the obtained pellets. The thermal finishing is then carried out at a temperature of at least 300°C. The chosen temperature depends on the nature of the binder, but the temperature must be so high that consolidation takes place, for example by thermal cracking and carbonisation of the additive or by melting or in another way as explained below. As a result of this, the mechanical strength of the pellets will increase significantly, and the porosity properties will be maintained or restored.
Et meget egnet tilsetningsmiddel er et som består av et bitumenprodukt som kan være asfaltbitumen eller ét tjæreprodukt. A very suitable additive is one that consists of a bitumen product which can be asphalt bitumen or a tar product.
Det tilsettes i en mengde på 1 - 20 vekt%, regnet på soten. Den termiske etterbehandling kan finne sted ved 350 - 800°C i en oxygenfattig gassatmosfære, f.eks. nitrogen. Ved en temperatur på 3 50 - 4 00°C kan en gass med et lavt oxygeninnhold, f.eks. ikke inneholdende mer enn 10 volum% oxygen, anvendes. Det kan være fordelaktig at bitumentilsetningsmidlet er oppløst i bindemidlet og tilsettes suspensjonen i form av en oppløsning, i hvilket tilfelle et aromatisk bindemiddel slik som toluen er velegnet. Bitumentilsetningsmidlet kan imidlertid dispergeres i bindemidlet i form av meget fine partikler. Ved en temperatur på 350-800°C vil en termisk nedbrytning av bitumenet finne sted. Flyktige nedbryt-ningsprodukter føres bort med gassen, og et carbonaktig residuum blir tilbake og fremmer en sterk vedheftning mellom sotpartiklene. It is added in an amount of 1 - 20% by weight, calculated on the soot. The thermal finishing can take place at 350 - 800°C in an oxygen-poor gas atmosphere, e.g. nitrogen. At a temperature of 350 - 400°C, a gas with a low oxygen content, e.g. not containing more than 10 volume% oxygen, is used. It can be advantageous that the bitumen additive is dissolved in the binder and added to the suspension in the form of a solution, in which case an aromatic binder such as toluene is suitable. However, the bitumen additive can be dispersed in the binder in the form of very fine particles. At a temperature of 350-800°C, a thermal breakdown of the bitumen will take place. Volatile decomposition products are carried away with the gas, and a carbonaceous residue remains and promotes a strong adhesion between the soot particles.
Da bitumenet, hvis dette har vært oppløst i bindemidlet, hår trengt inn i sotens porer, vil dette også nedbrytes, og porene vil for-bli tilgjengelige. Hvis pulverisert bitumen anvendes, vil porene efter agglomerering kun inneholde det flyktige bindemiddel som sluttelig fullstendig vil utdrives ved fordampning. Since the bitumen, if this has been dissolved in the binder, has penetrated into the pores of the soot, this will also break down, and the pores will remain accessible. If powdered bitumen is used, after agglomeration the pores will only contain the volatile binder which will eventually be completely expelled by evaporation.
Porøsitetsegenskapene kan ytterligere forbedres når den termiske etterbehandling utføres med en gass som inneholder vanndamp, f.eks. i en mengde på minst 25 volum%, eller som utelukkende består av vanndamp. Som følge av en kjemisk reaksjon mellom vann-dampen og det carbonholdige spaltningsresiduum omdannes en ytterligere del av det sistnevnte til flyktige produkter. The porosity properties can be further improved when the thermal finishing is carried out with a gas containing water vapour, e.g. in an amount of at least 25% by volume, or which consists exclusively of water vapour. As a result of a chemical reaction between the water vapor and the carbonaceous decomposition residue, a further part of the latter is converted into volatile products.
Det pelletforsterkende tilsetningsmiddel kan også bestå av polystyren med fiberstruktur. Den termiske efterbehandling kan i så tilfelle finne sted ved 300 - 400°C, hvilket forårsaker at de polymere fibre smelter og hefter til hverandre og til sotpartiklene. The pellet-strengthening additive can also consist of polystyrene with a fiber structure. The thermal post-treatment can then take place at 300 - 400°C, which causes the polymeric fibers to melt and adhere to each other and to the soot particles.
Den termiske etterbehandling kan meget fordelaktig utføres The thermal finishing can be carried out very advantageously
i et fluidisert skikt som også er velegnet for tørking av de erholdte pellets. Skiktene kan være kontinuerlig arbeidende fluidiserte skikt forbundet i serie. in a fluidized layer which is also suitable for drying the pellets obtained. The layers can be continuously working fluidized layers connected in series.
De erholdte pellets er velegnede for anvendelse i en ab-sorpsjonsprosess, spesielt for rensing av vann. F.eks. kan vann som erholdes ved filtrering av aktivert slam erholdt ved biologisk rensning av avfallsvann, renses ved å føre dette gjennom et skikt av de erholdte pellets. The pellets obtained are suitable for use in an absorption process, especially for purifying water. E.g. water obtained by filtering activated sludge obtained by biological treatment of waste water can be purified by passing it through a layer of the obtained pellets.
Eksempel Example
Deler av en sotoppslemni-ng ble agglomerert under anvendelse av bensin eller toluen som bindemiddel og med forskjellige mengder bitumen som pelletforsterkende tilsetningsmiddel. Tabell I viser den anvendte etterbehandling <p>g de egenskaper -som ble oppnådd. Portions of a soot slurry were agglomerated using petrol or toluene as a binder and with different amounts of bitumen as a pellet strengthening additive. Table I shows the applied finishing <p>g the properties -which were obtained.
Termisk etterbehandling ved 800°C viste seg å gi høye porevolum- og overflatearealverdier. De-høyeste verdier erholdes under anvendelse av bensin som bindemiddel og termisk etterbehandling. Pellets med stigende mekanisk styrke ble erholdt i henhold til forsøksnumrene 1-5-2-3-4. Thermal finishing at 800°C was found to give high pore volume and surface area values. The highest values are obtained using gasoline as a binder and thermal finishing. Pellets with increasing mechanical strength were obtained according to trial numbers 1-5-2-3-4.
Tabell II viser en annen forsøksserie utført med toluen som bindemiddel og polystyren som tilsetningsmiddel. Termisk etterbehandling i løpet av 0,5 timer i en carbondioxydatmosfære og i et temperaturområde på 350-640°C resulterte i meget sterke pellets med meget gode absorpsjonsegenskaper. Absorpsjonen ble målt med methyl-enblått (MB) i en oppløsning med en gjenværende konsentrasjon på 10 ppm. Table II shows another series of experiments carried out with toluene as binder and polystyrene as additive. Thermal finishing during 0.5 hours in a carbon dioxide atmosphere and in a temperature range of 350-640°C resulted in very strong pellets with very good absorption properties. The absorbance was measured with methyl blue (MB) in a solution with a residual concentration of 10 ppm.
Pellets med stigende mekanisk styrke ble erholdt i henhold til forsøksnumrene 5-3-4-2-1. Pellets with increasing mechanical strength were obtained according to trial numbers 5-3-4-2-1.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4079271A GB1405755A (en) | 1971-09-01 | 1971-09-01 | Process for the pelletrization of soot |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO135321B true NO135321B (en) | 1976-12-13 |
| NO135321C NO135321C (en) | 1977-03-23 |
Family
ID=10416629
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO3082/72A NO135321C (en) | 1971-09-01 | 1972-08-30 |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS4834769A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT329708B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU461902B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE787871A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA991097A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH541987A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS172958B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD98945A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2242544A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2150964B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1405755A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT964283B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7211785A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO135321C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE377285B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA725957B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1100721A (en) * | 1975-03-19 | 1981-05-12 | Joseph L. Schmitt, Jr. | Carbon pellets with controlled porosity |
| DE2654235A1 (en) * | 1976-11-30 | 1978-06-01 | Veba Chemie Ag | ADSORBENS AND THEIR PRODUCTION FROM SOOT PELLETS |
| US4211578A (en) * | 1979-06-08 | 1980-07-08 | J. M. Huber Corporation | Method of producing a carbon black silica pigment |
| JPS5611963A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1981-02-05 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | Preparation of carbon black free from fine grit |
| FR2780070B1 (en) * | 1998-06-22 | 2001-06-08 | Elf Antar France | METHOD FOR FOAMING A DAIRY COVERING A BATH OF FUSED STEEL |
| JP4568876B2 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2010-10-27 | 独立行政法人石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構 | Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis |
| RU2285025C2 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-10-10 | Институт проблем переработки углеводородов Сибирского отделения Российской Академии Наук (ИППУ СО РАН) | Carbon black production process |
-
1971
- 1971-09-01 GB GB4079271A patent/GB1405755A/en not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-07-27 CA CA148,130A patent/CA991097A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-23 BE BE787871D patent/BE787871A/en unknown
- 1972-08-25 IT IT28526/72A patent/IT964283B/en active
- 1972-08-30 AT AT746572A patent/AT329708B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-08-30 ZA ZA725957A patent/ZA725957B/en unknown
- 1972-08-30 CS CS5962A patent/CS172958B2/cs unknown
- 1972-08-30 JP JP47086377A patent/JPS4834769A/ja active Pending
- 1972-08-30 FR FR7230741A patent/FR2150964B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-08-30 CH CH1279272A patent/CH541987A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-08-30 DE DE2242544A patent/DE2242544A1/en active Pending
- 1972-08-30 AU AU46125/72A patent/AU461902B2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-30 SE SE7211235A patent/SE377285B/xx unknown
- 1972-08-30 NL NL7211785A patent/NL7211785A/xx unknown
- 1972-08-30 DD DD165321A patent/DD98945A5/xx unknown
- 1972-08-30 NO NO3082/72A patent/NO135321C/no unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA746572A (en) | 1975-08-15 |
| AT329708B (en) | 1976-05-25 |
| DE2242544A1 (en) | 1973-03-15 |
| JPS4834769A (en) | 1973-05-22 |
| FR2150964A1 (en) | 1973-04-13 |
| DD98945A5 (en) | 1973-07-12 |
| SE377285B (en) | 1975-06-30 |
| FR2150964B1 (en) | 1974-10-04 |
| IT964283B (en) | 1974-01-21 |
| CA991097A (en) | 1976-06-15 |
| NO135321C (en) | 1977-03-23 |
| NL7211785A (en) | 1973-03-05 |
| CS172958B2 (en) | 1977-01-28 |
| CH541987A (en) | 1973-09-30 |
| BE787871A (en) | 1973-02-23 |
| AU4612572A (en) | 1974-03-07 |
| AU461902B2 (en) | 1975-06-12 |
| GB1405755A (en) | 1975-09-10 |
| ZA725957B (en) | 1973-07-25 |
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