NO129862B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO129862B NO129862B NO216572A NO216572A NO129862B NO 129862 B NO129862 B NO 129862B NO 216572 A NO216572 A NO 216572A NO 216572 A NO216572 A NO 216572A NO 129862 B NO129862 B NO 129862B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- sleepers
- sleeper
- plastic
- hard foam
- Prior art date
Links
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000965 Duroplast Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004638 Duroplast Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
- E01B3/44—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from other materials only if the material is essential
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/12—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated means for positioning inserts, e.g. labels
- B29C33/123—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated means for positioning inserts, e.g. labels for centering the inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/70—Completely encapsulating inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/20—Inserts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
Description
Kunststoff-skinnesville, særlig for Plastic rail sleeper, especially for
pukkstensfrie banelegemer. gravel-free pavement bodies.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører en kunststoff-skinnesville, særlig The invention relates to a plastic rail sleeper, in particular
for pukkstensløse banelegemer, med eventuelle innlegg. for paving stones without paving stones, with any inserts.
Ved pukkstensløse banelegemer fremstilles det som kjent In the case of gravel-free pavement bodies, it is produced as is known
et betongfundaraent som forsynes med fordypninger hvori svillene inn-legges. En forutsetning er at svillene er målnøyaktige. En slik målnøyaktighet er neppe mulig å oppnå ved de vanlige tresviller, og disse har dessuten også den mangel at de er for lite vær- henholdsvis fuktighetsbestandige og derfor må byttes ut forholdsmessig ofte. a concrete foundation which is provided with depressions into which the sleepers are placed. A prerequisite is that the sleepers are accurate to the target. Such measurement accuracy is hardly possible to achieve with the usual wooden sleepers, and these also have the shortcoming that they are too little weather- or moisture-resistant and therefore have to be replaced relatively often.
Stålbetongsviller kan man heller ikke fremstille med den nødvendige målnøyaktighet, og dessuten har de en meget høy vekt, hvilket fordyrer transporten og vanskeliggjør håndteringen ved leggingen, henholdsvis utbyttingen av svillene. Stålplatesviller er gode elektriske ledere og egner seg derfor neppe for elektrisk drevne baner med en tredje skinne på grunn av den nødvendige ekstraisola-sjon som må anbringes. Ingen av de vanlige skinnesviller er altså Reinforced concrete sleepers cannot be produced with the required measurement accuracy either, and furthermore they have a very high weight, which makes transport more expensive and makes handling during laying, or replacement of the sleepers difficult. Steel sheet sleepers are good electrical conductors and are therefore unlikely to be suitable for electrically powered tracks with a third rail due to the necessary extra insulation that must be provided. None of the usual rail sleepers are, then
i realiteten virkelig brukbare for pukkstensløse banelegemer. in reality, really usable for gravel-free track bodies.
Det har allerede vært foreslått forskjellige typer kunst-stof fskinnesviller. Som kunststoff anvendes som regel en duroplast, tilsatt et fyllstoff, slik at kunststoffet mer eller mindre bare vir-ker som bindemiddel for tyllstoffet. En sville utelukkende bestående av duroplast er ikke brukbar, på grunn av at den blir for sprø og også på grunn av de andre fysikalske egenskaper som kunststoffet har. For å øke fastheten og å få muttergjenger for skinne-holdeskruer, er det videre kjent å legge inn metallinnlegg i kunststoffsvillene. Likevel har kunststoff-skinnesviller hittil ikke slått gjennom i praksis. Opptak av fuktighet bevirker nemlig målendringer. Dessuten har man fastslått overflateendringer som følge av ultrafiolett be-stråling og værpåkjenninger. Vekten er litt høyere enn for tresviller og er derfor for stor når man tar hensyn til at det er ønskelig med en hurtig og enkel legging. Dessuten er det vanskelig å beherske materialegenskapene ved fremstillingen av blokker med store volum, slik tilfellet er ved skinnesviller. There have already been proposals for different types of artificial fabric sleepers. As a rule, a duroplast is used as plastic, with a filler added, so that the plastic more or less only acts as a binder for the tulle fabric. A sleeper consisting exclusively of duroplastic is not usable, because it becomes too brittle and also because of the other physical properties that the plastic has. In order to increase the firmness and to obtain nut threads for rail-holding screws, it is also known to insert metal inserts into the plastic sleepers. Nevertheless, synthetic rail sleepers have so far not been successful in practice. Absorption of moisture causes dimensional changes. Surface changes have also been determined as a result of ultraviolet radiation and weather stress. The weight is slightly higher than for wooden sleepers and is therefore too large when you take into account that quick and easy laying is desirable. In addition, it is difficult to control the material properties when producing blocks with large volumes, as is the case with rail sleepers.
Det er dessuten en ulempe som er felles ved alle de tidligere kjente sviller, nemlig at det ikke er til å unngå at man får fuktighetsnedslag, fordi duggpunktet til de nedlagte sviller ligger i umiddelbar nærhet av overflaten. Det vil si at de opprinnelige elektriske isolasjonsverdier går tapt og at man eventuelt kan få krypestrømmer. There is also a disadvantage that is common to all the previously known sleepers, namely that it is impossible to avoid getting damp, because the dew point of the laid down sleepers is in the immediate vicinity of the surface. This means that the original electrical insulation values are lost and that creep currents can possibly occur.
Hensikten med foreliggende oppfinnelse er å søke å elimin-ere de foran nevnte ulemper og å tilveiebringe en kunststoff-skinnesville som utmerker seg ved stor målnøyaktighet, har en liten vekt og har en varig, høy elektrisk isolasjonsverdi, samtidig som svillen er forholdsmessig enkel i fremstilling. The purpose of the present invention is to seek to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide a synthetic rail sleeper that is distinguished by high target accuracy, has a low weight and has a durable, high electrical insulation value, while the sleeper is relatively simple to manufacture .
Oppfinnelsen oppfyller denne hensikt ved at svillen består av høykomprimert kunststoff-hårdskum, fortrinnsvis polyuretan-hårdskum, som i hver fall i skinneopplagringsområdet har en volumvekt på 300-500 kg/m . I motsetning til de tidligere kunststoff-skinnesviller tjener kunststoffet her ikke som bindemiddel for fyllstoffer, idet man bare har kunststoff-hårdskummet. En slik sville er enkel i fremstilling, idet man bare behøver å fylle kunststoffblandingen i en allsidig lukket form. Skummet som oppstår trykker mot formveg-gen og gir derved av seg selv den ønskede komprimering. Volumvekten på mellom 300 og' 500 kg/nr gir den nødvendige trykkfasthet, og det man bare må passe på er å fylle i en passende mengde i formen. Kunst-stof f-hårdskum, særlig polyuretan-hårdskum er ved den krevede kompri-meringsgrad fullstendig værbestandig og fuktighetsavvisende, slik at den ved oppskummingen i formen engang oppnådde målnøyaktighet og de statiske egenskaper til svillelegemet er varige. Selvfølgelig har en slik skinnesville en høy elektrisk isolasjonsverdi. For elektrisk drevne baner, særlig for slike som har en tredje skinne, strømskinnen, er det av spesiell betydning at ved utlagte sviller ligger duggpunktet i en betraktelig avstand fra svilleoverflaten, her praktisk talt i midten av svillen, slik at man ikke behøver å frykte fuktighetsnedslag (dugg eller kondensvann). Derfor kande nye sviller uten videre også legges i metallforede tunneller, uten fare for korrosjon som skyldes krypestrømmer. Da det dreier seg om et hårdskum, er sville-vekten forholdsmessig liten og utgjør omtrent halvparten av vekten til tresviller. Derved sparer man transportvekt og man letter i vesentlig grad leggingen av svillene. The invention fulfills this purpose in that the sleeper consists of highly compressed synthetic hard foam, preferably polyurethane hard foam, which in any case in the rail storage area has a volume weight of 300-500 kg/m . In contrast to the previous plastic rail sleepers, the plastic here does not serve as a binding agent for fillers, as you only have the plastic hard foam. Such a sleeper is easy to manufacture, as you only need to fill the plastic mixture in a versatile closed form. The resulting foam presses against the mold wall and thereby automatically produces the desired compression. The volumetric weight of between 300 and 500 kg/no provides the necessary compressive strength, and the only thing you have to be careful of is filling the mold in an appropriate amount. Plastic rigid foam, especially polyurethane rigid foam, is completely weather-resistant and moisture-repellent at the required degree of compression, so that the accuracy of measurement once achieved during the foaming in the mold and the static properties of the sleeping body are permanent. Of course, such a rail sleeper has a high electrical insulation value. For electrically powered tracks, especially for those that have a third rail, the power rail, it is of particular importance that with laid sleepers the dew point is at a considerable distance from the sleeper surface, here practically in the middle of the sleeper, so that one does not have to fear moisture precipitation (dew or condensation). Therefore, new sleepers can also be laid in metal-lined tunnels without further ado, without the risk of corrosion caused by creep currents. As it is a hard foam, the weight of the sleeper is relatively small and makes up about half the weight of wooden sleepers. This saves transport weight and makes laying the sleepers considerably easier.
Det er riktignok kjent fra før f.eks. å fremstille møbel-deler av komprimert hårdskum. Det dreier seg ved disse kjente utfør-eiser imidlertid bare om konstruksjonsdeler med forholdsmessig små tverrsnittsstørrelser. Man har åpenbart ikke våget seg inn på fremstilling av voluminøse legemer, som skal ha en tilsvarende fasthet, fordi man har fryktet en ujevn struktur i hårdskumlegemet. Praktiske forsøk har vist at de nye skinnesviller helt ut tilfredsstiller de krav som stilles til svillene. It is admittedly known from before, e.g. to produce furniture parts from compressed rigid foam. These known designs, however, only concern construction parts with relatively small cross-sectional sizes. Obviously, they have not ventured into the production of voluminous bodies, which should have a corresponding firmness, because they have feared an uneven structure in the hard foam body. Practical trials have shown that the new rail sleepers completely satisfy the requirements set for the sleepers.
Oppfinnelsen skal beskrives" nærmere under henvisning til tegningene som viser et utførelseseksempel. The invention shall be described in more detail with reference to the drawings showing an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 1 viser en skinnesville i perspektivriss. Fig. 2 Fig. 1 shows a rail sleeper in perspective view. Fig. 2
viser et delsnitt etter linjen II-II i fig. 1, i større målestokk. shows a partial section along the line II-II in fig. 1, on a larger scale.
Fig. 3 viser en ferdig form for.fremstilling av en skinnesville, i vertikalsnitt. Fig. 4 viser en innleggsplate i grunnriss. Fig. 3 shows a finished form for the manufacture of a rail sleeper, in vertical section. Fig. 4 shows an insert plate in ground plan.
Skinnesvillen 1 består av høykomprimert kunststoff-hårdskum 2, hvori det er innleiret innleggsplater 3- Innleggsplatene 3 har gjennomgående åpninger 4 for kunststoff-hårdskummet og er på-sveiset skruemuttere 5 for skinneholdeskruer. I området ved mutterne 5 er det utformet kanaler 6 hvorigjennom skinneholdeskruene kan inn-føres. Skinnesvillen 1 er bestemt for et anlegg hvor det i tillegg til kjøreskinnene anordnes en strømskinne. The rail sleeper 1 consists of highly compressed plastic-hard foam 2, in which insert plates 3 are embedded - The insert plates 3 have continuous openings 4 for the plastic-hard foam and are welded to screw nuts 5 for rail retaining screws. In the area of the nuts 5, channels 6 are formed through which the rail retaining screws can be inserted. Rail sleeper 1 is intended for a facility where, in addition to the running rails, a power rail is arranged.
For fremstilling av svillen 1 kan* det benyttes en allsidig lukket form 7 (fig. 3), hvis bunn 8 har fordypninger 9 for opptak av hodene til skruebolter 10. Disse .skrueboltene 10 motsvarer skinneholdeskruene. Skrueboltene 10 skrus inn i mutterne 5 i innleggsplatene 3 og innsettes i bunnfordypningene 9 før dekselet 11 legges på. Innleggsplaten 3 blir da liggende omtrent i midten av formen. Lengden til skrueboltene 10 er dimensjonert•slik at den tilsvarer For the production of the sleeper 1, a versatile closed form 7 (fig. 3) can be used, the bottom 8 of which has recesses 9 for receiving the heads of screw bolts 10. These screw bolts 10 correspond to the rail retaining screws. The screws 10 are screwed into the nuts 5 in the insert plates 3 and inserted into the bottom recesses 9 before the cover 11 is put on. The insert plate 3 will then lie approximately in the middle of the mold. The length of the screw bolts 10 is dimensioned so that it corresponds
den innvendige høyden i formen 7, slik at altså skrueboltene 10 avstøt-ter seg oventil mot formdekselet 11. Dette er nødvendig for å unngå en oppflyting av innleggsplatene ved ifylling av kunststoffblandingen i formen. Den ifylte kunststoffblanding skummer opp i formen og the internal height of the mold 7, so that the screw bolts 10 push against the mold cover 11 above. This is necessary to avoid floating of the insert plates when filling the plastic mixture into the mold. The filled plastic mixture foams up in the mold and
trykker mot formvegene. Derved skjer det en komprimering, og svillen får en helt glatt overflate. Etter herdingen av kunststoffet tas dekselet 11 av, den ferdige sville 1 tas ut av formen, og deretter behøver man bare å skru ut skrueboltene 10. presses against the mold paths. Thereby a compression takes place, and the sleeper has a completely smooth surface. After the plastic has hardened, the cover 11 is removed, the finished sleeper 1 is taken out of the mold, and then you only need to unscrew the screw bolts 10.
Istedenfor som ved den viste utførelse å benytte på innleggsplatene fastsveisede skruemuttere for skinneholdeskruene kan innleggene være utformet med egne muttergjenger for skinneholdeskruene. Eventuelt kan også muttergjengene utformes i kunststoff-hårdskummet, under forutsetning av at det anvendes spesialgjenger. Instead of using screw nuts welded to the insert plates for the rail retaining screws, as in the embodiment shown, the inserts can be designed with separate nut threads for the rail retaining screws. Optionally, the nut threads can also be designed in the synthetic hard foam, provided that special threads are used.
Innleggene er helt omgitt av kunststoff-hårdskummet, og The inlays are completely surrounded by the synthetic hard foam, and
den elektriske isolasjonsverdi påvirkes derfor ikke i vesentlig grad av metallinnleggene. Istedenfor metall kan det også benyttes tre-materialer for innleggene, hvilke innlegg likeledes vil bidra til å øke bøyestivheten og fremfor alt forbedre lydabsorbsjonsverdien. the electrical insulation value is therefore not significantly affected by the metal inlays. Instead of metal, wooden materials can also be used for the posts, which posts will also help to increase the bending stiffness and, above all, improve the sound absorption value.
Oppfinnelsen er ikke begrenset til skinnesviller, men gjelder også andre underlags legemer, eksempelvis også fundamentplater for tunge maskiner. Oppfinnelsen omfatter også såkalte halvsviller. The invention is not limited to rail sleepers, but also applies to other underlying bodies, for example foundation plates for heavy machinery. The invention also includes so-called half sleepers.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT533071A AT305330B (en) | 1971-06-21 | 1971-06-21 | Plastic sleeper, especially for a ballastless track |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO129862B true NO129862B (en) | 1974-06-04 |
Family
ID=3574598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO216572A NO129862B (en) | 1971-06-21 | 1972-06-16 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT305330B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE782618A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH535870A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2216367A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2142929B1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7205162A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO129862B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE370739B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3813040A (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1974-05-28 | Dow Chemical Co | Plastic railway crosstie |
| CH612610A5 (en) * | 1976-03-23 | 1979-08-15 | Studer Ag Fritz | Machine stand for machine tools |
| GB2030200B (en) * | 1978-08-31 | 1982-12-15 | Ohno I | Railway bed or sleeper |
| DE59101442D1 (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1994-05-26 | Vae Eisenbahnsysteme Ag Wien | Plastic threshold. |
-
1971
- 1971-06-21 AT AT533071A patent/AT305330B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-04-04 CH CH487872A patent/CH535870A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-04-05 DE DE19722216367 patent/DE2216367A1/en active Pending
- 1972-04-18 NL NL7205162A patent/NL7205162A/xx unknown
- 1972-04-25 FR FR7214671A patent/FR2142929B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-04-25 BE BE782618A patent/BE782618A/en unknown
- 1972-06-08 SE SE755672A patent/SE370739B/xx unknown
- 1972-06-16 NO NO216572A patent/NO129862B/no unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2142929A1 (en) | 1973-02-02 |
| FR2142929B1 (en) | 1973-07-13 |
| DE2216367A1 (en) | 1972-12-28 |
| SE370739B (en) | 1974-10-28 |
| CH535870A (en) | 1973-04-15 |
| BE782618A (en) | 1972-08-16 |
| AT305330B (en) | 1973-02-26 |
| NL7205162A (en) | 1972-12-27 |
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