NO127624B - - Google Patents
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- NO127624B NO127624B NO00166310A NO16631067A NO127624B NO 127624 B NO127624 B NO 127624B NO 00166310 A NO00166310 A NO 00166310A NO 16631067 A NO16631067 A NO 16631067A NO 127624 B NO127624 B NO 127624B
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- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- latex
- beta
- sodium
- freezing
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- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical class C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003139 primary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- GHKSKVKCKMGRDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethanol Chemical compound NCCCNCCO GHKSKVKCKMGRDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OQEBBZSWEGYTPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminobutanoic acid Chemical compound CC(N)CC(O)=O OQEBBZSWEGYTPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940067621 aminobutyrate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 octyl- Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 4
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetradecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCN PLZVEHJLHYMBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005915 ammonolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008365 aqueous carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012460 protein solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCJLVWUMMKIQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl HCJLVWUMMKIQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFWUROJWGSULRN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-(dodecylamino)butanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCNC(C)CC([O-])=O LFWUROJWGSULRN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000638 styrene acrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/046—Aerosols; Foams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q15/00—Anti-perspirants or body deodorants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/002—Aftershave preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q9/00—Preparations for removing hair or for aiding hair removal
- A61Q9/02—Shaving preparations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers for dispensing liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant
- B65D83/141—Containers for dispensing liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant specially adapted for specific contents or propellants
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Description
Fryse-stabilisert latexovertrekk. Freeze-stabilized latex cover.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår et: frysestabilisert latexovertrekk og nærmere betegnet en emulsjons-overtrekks-forbindelse på vannbasis bestående av polymere organiske materialer dispergert i findelt form. Betraktet under én synsvinkel angår oppfinnelsen en fremgangsmåte til stabilisering av emulsjons-polymere for anvendelse i overtrekksforbindelser på vannbasis, som normalt ville bli ødelagt ved avveks-lende frysning og tining av den vandige eller sammenhengende fase. I en foretruk-ken utførelse angår oppfinnelsen anvendel-sen av N-alifatiske-beta-aminobutyrater til stabilisering av emulsjonspolymerene av den ovennevnte type. The present invention relates to a: freeze-stabilized latex coating and, more specifically, a water-based emulsion-coating compound consisting of polymeric organic materials dispersed in finely divided form. Considered from one point of view, the invention relates to a method for stabilizing emulsion polymers for use in water-based coating compounds, which would normally be destroyed by alternating freezing and thawing of the aqueous or cohesive phase. In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of N-aliphatic-beta-aminobutyrates for stabilizing the emulsion polymers of the above-mentioned type.
I den senere tid er den kommersielle betydning av emulsjonsforbindelser på vannbasis til overtrekksformål blitt større og større, idet disse stoffer for en stor del erstatter de alminnelige anvendte oppløs-nings-overtrekksmidler som har vært anvendt til veggpussing og lignende formål. Det skyldes først og fremst at disse nye stoffer på vannbasis er frie for lukt av oppløsningsmidler, lette å anvende, ikke brannfarlige og dessuten økonomiske, at man er gått over til å anvende disse stoffer som beskyttende og dekorerende overtrekk. In recent times, the commercial importance of water-based emulsion compounds for coating purposes has become greater and greater, as these substances largely replace the commonly used solvent coating agents that have been used for wall plastering and similar purposes. It is primarily due to the fact that these new water-based substances are free from the smell of solvents, easy to use, non-flammable and, moreover, economical, that people have switched to using these substances as protective and decorative coverings.
Den store etterspørsel har ført til økede bestrebelser for å finne frem til en latex-emulsjonsfarve til appretering og lignende formål og har tillike bevirket at man har beskjeftiget seg særlig med lagringsproble-met og behandlingen av materialer med vanninnhold under forskjellige værforhold. The great demand has led to increased efforts to find a latex emulsion paint for finishing and similar purposes and has also resulted in particular attention being paid to the storage problem and the treatment of materials with water content under different weather conditions.
Den største risiko ved behandlingen og lagringen av emulsjonsfarver med vann- The greatest risk in the processing and storage of emulsion paints with water-
innhold i den sammenhengende fase opp-står ved lagring og behandling ved tempe-raturer omkring frysepunktet. Det skjer ofte at store mengder av disse materialer fryser enten ved forsendelse eller ved lagring. Ved etterfølgende tining går over-trekksforbindelsenes flytende tilstand tapt så at de ikke lenger på tilfredsstillende måte kan anvendes til maling med kost. Å holde lageret av disse materialer oppvarmet og dessuten forsende dem i oppvarmet tilstand vil virke ytterst fordyrende. content in the continuous phase arises during storage and treatment at temperatures around the freezing point. It often happens that large quantities of these materials freeze either during shipment or during storage. Upon subsequent thawing, the liquid state of the coating compounds is lost so that they can no longer be used satisfactorily for painting with a brush. Keeping the warehouse of these materials heated and also shipping them in a heated state will be extremely costly.
Det er derfor en hensikt med den foreliggende oppfinnelse å angi en overtrekks-forbindelse på vannbasis inneholdende en emulsjonspolymer som er stabil overfor skiftende frysning og tining av den vandige fase. It is therefore an aim of the present invention to provide a water-based coating compound containing an emulsion polymer which is stable against alternating freezing and thawing of the aqueous phase.
Ytterligere formål og fordeler ved den foreliggende oppfinnelse vil fremgå av den følgende beskrivelse. Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description.
Stabilisatorer som er anvendelige i overensstemmelse med den foreliggende oppfinnelse, kan klassifiseres som N-alifatiske-beta-aminobutyrater og kan struktur - messig illustreres ved formelen: Stabilizers which are applicable in accordance with the present invention can be classified as N-aliphatic-beta-aminobutyrates and can be structurally illustrated by the formula:
hvor R er et alifatisk kullvannstoffradikal med fra 8—18 kullstoffatomer og M er et alkalimetall, som natrium eller kalium. Disse forbindelser kan fremstilles ved ad-disjonsreaksjoner av primære alifatiske aminer med krotonsyre med etterfølgende nøytralisering med en egnet base. Eksempler på aminer som kan anvendes til fremstilling av disse stabilisatorer, er oktyl- where R is an aliphatic carbon hydrogen radical with from 8-18 carbon atoms and M is an alkali metal, such as sodium or potassium. These compounds can be prepared by addition reactions of primary aliphatic amines with crotonic acid followed by neutralization with a suitable base. Examples of amines that can be used to produce these stabilizers are octyl-
amin, decylamin, dodecylamin, tetradecyl-amin, heksadesylamin, oktadecylamin, ok-tadecenylamin, oktadecadienylamin, okta-dekatrienylamin og blandinger av disse stoffer, fremkommet ved ammonolyse, amine, decylamine, dodecylamine, tetradecylamine, hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, octadecenylamine, octadecadienylamine, octadecatrienylamine and mixtures of these substances, obtained by ammonolysis,
dehydrering og hydrogenering av fete syrer, som igjen stammer fra hydrolyse av natur-lig forekommende glyceridoljer, som kokos-nøttolje, talgolje, soyabønneolje o. sv. Disse siste blandinger er kjent under betegnel-sene- kokos-amin, talg-amin og soya-amin. dehydration and hydrogenation of fatty acids, which in turn originate from hydrolysis of naturally occurring glyceride oils, such as coconut oil, tallow oil, soybean oil etc. These latter mixtures are known by the names coconut-amine, tallow-amine and soy-amine.
Reaksjonen mellom det primære alifatiske amin som beskrevet ovenfor og krotonsyre er en enkel addisjonsreaksjon og resulterer i den tilsvarende N-alifatiske-beta-aminobutyronsyre. For frtems,tilling av stabilisatorene som anvendes ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse, nøytraliseres syren med en egnet base, som natrium-hydroksyd eller kaliumhydroksyd. Det har videre vist seg at den fremkomne forbindelse likeledes kan anvendes som stabilisator når visse amintyper anvendes som nøytraliserende baser. Disse aminer er N-bis(2-hydroksyetyl) soya-amin, N-talg-N, N'N'-tris(2-hydroksyetyl)-trimetylendiamin og N-alifatisk trimetylendiamin. The reaction between the primary aliphatic amine as described above and crotonic acid is a simple addition reaction and results in the corresponding N-aliphatic-beta-aminobutyric acid. For addition of the stabilizers used according to the present invention, the acid is neutralized with a suitable base, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. It has also been shown that the resulting compound can also be used as a stabilizer when certain amine types are used as neutralizing bases. These amines are N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) soya amine, N-tallow-N, N'N'-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylenediamine and N-aliphatic trimethylenediamine.
Eksempler på særlig anvendelige stabilisatorer ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse er natrium-N-kokos-beta-amino-butyrat, kalium-N-kokos-beta-aminobutyrat, natrium-N-dodecyl-beta-aminobutyrat, kalium-N-dodecyl-beta-aminobutyrat, natrium-N-soya-beta-aminobutyrat, kalium-N-soya-beta-aminobutyrat, natrium-N-talg-beta-aminobutyrat, kalium-N-talg-beta-amino-butyrat, salter av N-kokos-beta-aminobuty-ronsyre og N-bis(2-hydroksyetyl)soya-amin samt salter av N-kokos-beta-aminobuty-ronsyre og N-talg-N,N'N'-tris(2-hydroksy-etyl) trimetyldiamin. Examples of particularly applicable stabilizers according to the present invention are sodium N-coco-beta-amino-butyrate, potassium-N-coco-beta-aminobutyrate, sodium-N-dodecyl-beta-aminobutyrate, potassium-N-dodecyl-beta- aminobutyrate, sodium N-soya beta-aminobutyrate, potassium N-soya beta-aminobutyrate, sodium N-tallow beta-aminobutyrate, potassium N-tallow beta-aminobutyrate, salts of N-coconut beta-aminobutyric acid and N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)soya-amine as well as salts of N-coco-beta-aminobutyric acid and N-tallow-N,N'N'-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethyldiamine .
For nøyere å definere mengden av den stabilisator som øker motstandsdyktigheten overfor frysning, foretrekkes det å basere denne mengde på mengden av de latexfaste stoffer som finnes i det spesielle emulsjons-sytem. Ifølge oppfinnelsen anvendes fra ca. 0,10 til 15 pst. stabiliserende kjemikalier basert på de faste latexstoffer, idet der fortrinsvis anvendes fra 0,20—2,00 pst. Der kan eventuelt anvendes større mengder, men ved anvendelse av større mengder enn den som er nevnt ovenfor, oppnås ingen vesentlig forbedring. To more precisely define the amount of the stabilizer which increases the resistance to freezing, it is preferred to base this amount on the amount of latex solids present in the particular emulsion system. According to the invention, from approx. 0.10 to 15 percent of stabilizing chemicals based on the solid latex substances, with preferably from 0.20 to 2.00 percent being used. Larger amounts may possibly be used, but by using larger amounts than that mentioned above, no significant improvement.
Kjennskapet til emulsjons-polymerisasjonsteknikken er først i den senere tid ut-viklet i større målestokk, og den offentlig-gjorte litteratur på dette område er vokst betydelig på grunn av den store gummi-mangel under den annen verdenskrig. Selv om man har forsøkt å samle de generelle opplysninger på dette arbeidsområde, er der stadig mange av de spesielle opplysninger om emulsjons-polymerisasjonsteknikken på bestemte områder, som ikke er alminnelig tilgjengelige. Ennvidere har den største interesse på dette område vært knyttet til fremstilling i større målestokk av elasto-mere til anvendelse som erstatning for gummi og ikke til beskyttende og dekorative formål. Det er følgelig vanskelig å angi de-finisjoner for alle anvendte kvaliteter og karakteristika med hensyn til emulsjons-polymere til overtrekksformål, idet dette område stadig er temmelig nytt. I det føl-gende skal der ved uttrykket «malelatex» forstås emulsjons-polymere systemer. Disse latexarter omtales av fagfolk tildels også som «revers-gummi», idet andelen av mono-olefinforbindelser og diolefin står i omvendt forhold til almindelig anvendt kopolymer gummi i massiv form til fremstilling av bil-dekk og lignende. Knowledge of the emulsion polymerization technique has only recently been developed on a larger scale, and the published literature in this area has grown significantly due to the large rubber shortage during the Second World War. Although an attempt has been made to collect the general information on this area of work, there is still much of the special information about the emulsion polymerization technique in certain areas, which is not generally available. Furthermore, the greatest interest in this area has been linked to the production on a larger scale of elastomers for use as a substitute for rubber and not for protective and decorative purposes. It is consequently difficult to state definitions for all used qualities and characteristics with regard to emulsion polymers for coating purposes, as this area is still fairly new. In the following, the term "male latex" shall be understood as emulsion polymer systems. These types of latex are sometimes also referred to by professionals as "reverse rubber", as the proportion of mono-olefin compounds and diolefin is inversely proportional to the commonly used copolymer rubber in massive form for the production of car tires and the like.
Uttrykket «malelatex», slik det anvendes i denne fremstilling, er ment å bety en dispergert polymerfase dannet eller poly-merisert i en vandig bærer, idet den dan-nede emulsjon olje-i-vann har spesielle fysiske egenskaper og inneholder bestemte kjemiske bestanddeler som det vil fremgå av det følgende. The term "male latex", as used in this preparation, is intended to mean a dispersed polymer phase formed or polymerized in an aqueous carrier, the oil-in-water emulsion formed has special physical properties and contains specific chemical constituents which it will appear from the following.
Uttrykket «malelatex» omfatter spesielt — men er dog ikke begrenset til — emulsjonspolymerisasjonsprodukter. Emulsjonspolymere fremstilt av de to eller flere umettede polymeriserbare komponenter i nærvær av overflateaktive stoffer av ikke-ionisk og an-ionisk karakter som stabilisatorer samt én eller flere per-forbindelser, f. eks. peroksyder, persulfater o. s. v. som polymerisasjons-akseleratorer på en slik måte og i et slikt forhold at der dannes et vandig emulsjons-polymert system, utgjør den foretrukne latexforbindelse. Malelatex ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse har en partikkelstørrelse i den disperse fase på ca. 0,04 til 0,20 mikron. pH-verdien i den vandige fase er fra 7,5 til 11 og fortrinsvis 8,5 til 10,5, og vanninnholdet er ikke mere enn omkring 65 pst., vanligvis fra 45 til 55 pst. av den samlede vekt av emulsjons-malelatexen. Ennu en viktig egenskap ved de materialer som omfattes av uttrykket «malelatex», er at latexen eller blandingen av to eller flere latexer for å kunne anvendes til maling og lignende bruk skal kunne om-røres i et egnet blandeaggregat med en om-røringshastighet av 12000 omdreininger pr. minutt i en halv time uten å bli kornet og uten at viskositeten forandres eller det viser seg andre karakteristiske tegn på emulsjonsødeleggelse. Latex som ikke kan til-fredsstille de ovennevnte krav, kan ikke anvendes generelt til overtrekk og omfattes ikke av uttrykket «malelatex» slik det anvendes i denne fremstilling. The term "male latex" includes in particular - but is not limited to - emulsion polymerization products. Emulsion polymers produced from the two or more unsaturated polymerisable components in the presence of surfactants of a non-ionic and anionic nature as stabilizers as well as one or more per-compounds, e.g. peroxides, persulphates, etc., as polymerization accelerators in such a way and in such a ratio that an aqueous emulsion-polymer system is formed, constitute the preferred latex compound. The male latex according to the present invention has a particle size in the disperse phase of approx. 0.04 to 0.20 microns. The pH value of the aqueous phase is from 7.5 to 11 and preferably 8.5 to 10.5, and the water content is no more than about 65 percent, usually from 45 to 55 percent of the total weight of the emulsion male latex . Another important characteristic of the materials covered by the term "painting latex" is that the latex or the mixture of two or more latexes, in order to be used for paint and similar uses, must be able to be stirred in a suitable mixing unit with a stirring speed of 12,000 revolutions per minute for half an hour without becoming grainy and without the viscosity changing or other characteristic signs of emulsion breakdown appearing. Latex that cannot satisfy the above-mentioned requirements cannot be used in general for coverings and is not covered by the term "male latex" as used in this preparation.
De anvendelige malelatexer er kopoly-mere og terpolymere som består av mono-olefin-bestanddeler som styren-acryloni-tril og alifatisk konjugerte diolefiner som butadien. Uttrykket «malelatex» omfatter produkter av en enkelt emulsjonspolymeri-sasjon eller en blanding av to eller flere emulsjons-polymerisasjonsprodukter. Uan-sett om malelatexen består av en enkelt emulsjon eller en blanding av emulsjoner, må de være istand til å kunne avsette en sammenhengende film fra den disperse polymere fase. The applicable male latexes are copolymers and terpolymers consisting of mono-olefin components such as styrene-acrylonitrile and aliphatic conjugated diolefins such as butadiene. The term "male latex" includes products of a single emulsion polymerization or a mixture of two or more emulsion polymerization products. Regardless of whether the male latex consists of a single emulsion or a mixture of emulsions, they must be able to deposit a continuous film from the dispersed polymeric phase.
Emulsjonsmalinger såvel av den pigmenterte som den klare type, som skal kunne lagres eller forsendes året rundt i tempererte klimaforhold, er gjenstand for frysningsprosesser. En stor del av de alminnelig anvendte malelatexer blir ned-brudt ved frysning og blir følgelig verdiløse etter adskillige frysninger og opptininger. Det har imidlertid vist seg at latexene va-rierer med hensyn til emulsjons-stabilitet, spesielt overfor frysning, alt etter arten og mengden av ioniske og ikke-ioniske emul-gatorer og andre materialer som anvendes i små mengder ved fremstilling av latexene. Det har imidlertid ifølge oppfinnelsen vist seg at fryse- og opptinings-stabiliteten av forskjellige alminnelige anvendte malelatexer blir øket ved tilsetning av en stabiliserende forbindelse, som nærmere beskrevet ovenfor, i en mengde av ca. 0,10 til 15 vektprosent basert på de faste latexstoffer. Emulsion paints of both the pigmented and the clear type, which must be able to be stored or shipped all year round in temperate climate conditions, are subject to freezing processes. A large part of the commonly used male latexes are broken down by freezing and consequently become worthless after several freezes and thaws. However, it has been shown that the latexes vary with regard to emulsion stability, especially against freezing, depending on the nature and amount of ionic and non-ionic emulsifiers and other materials used in small quantities in the production of the latexes. According to the invention, however, it has been shown that the freezing and thawing stability of various commonly used male latexes is increased by the addition of a stabilizing compound, as described in more detail above, in an amount of approx. 0.10 to 15 percent by weight based on the solid latex substances.
Unersøkelser har vist at natrium- eller kalium-N-kokos-beta-aminobutyrat eller aminsaltet av N-kokos-beta-aminobutyron-syrer har fungisid, bakterisid og mugg-hindrende virkning, samtidig som stoffene er aktive som stabilisatorer i emulsjons-blandinger av den pigmenterte og den klare type. Investigations have shown that sodium or potassium N-coco-beta-aminobutyrate or the amine salt of N-coco-beta-aminobutyric acids have fungicidal, bactericidal and anti-mold effects, while the substances are active as stabilizers in emulsion mixtures of the pigmented and the clear type.
Oppfinnelsen er i det følgende belyst ved eksempler, som ikke på noen måte er ment å skulle begrense oppfinnelsens rek-kevidde. In the following, the invention is illustrated by examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
200 deler emulsjons-kopolymer av handelskvalitet, inneholdende 45 pst. faste stoffer hvorav 60 vektdeler styren, ble frosset ved —23° C og tint opp ved en temperatur på 21° C inntil latexen har nådd 21° C. Da 200 parts of commercial grade emulsion copolymer, containing 45 percent solids of which 60 parts by weight styrene, was frozen at -23° C and thawed at a temperature of 21° C until the latex has reached 21° C. Then
denne temperatur var nådd, viste det seg at viskositeten var øket og latexen var ko-agulert så den ikke lenger var egnet til sitt formål. this temperature was reached, it appeared that the viscosity had increased and the latex had coagulated so that it was no longer suitable for its purpose.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
200 deler av den ovennevte emulsjons-kopolymer ble blandet med 0,45 deler natrium-N-kokos-beta-aminobutyrat. Prøven ble skiftevis frosset ved en temperatur av —23° C og tint opp ved 21° C fem ganger på rad. Prøven viste tilsynelatende ingen viskositetsforandring eller forandring av emulsjons-stabiliteten og viste seg å kunne avsette en klar hinne av sammenhengende karakter. 200 parts of the above emulsion copolymer was mixed with 0.45 parts of sodium N-coco beta-aminobutyrate. The sample was alternately frozen at a temperature of -23°C and thawed at 21°C five times in a row. The sample apparently showed no change in viscosity or change in emulsion stability and proved to be able to deposit a clear film of a cohesive nature.
Eksempel 3. Example 3.
200 g av en annen emulsjons-kopolymer (handelskvalitet) inneholdende 48 pst. faste stoffer hvorav 65 vektprosent styren og 33 vektprosent butadien, ble underkastet de samme frysnings- og opptiningstempera-turer som beskrevet i eksmpel 1. Etter at prøven hadde nådd 21° C, viste det seg at emulsjonen var ganske uskikket til maleformål. 200 g of another emulsion copolymer (commercial grade) containing 48 percent solids of which 65 percent by weight styrene and 33 percent by weight butadiene were subjected to the same freezing and thawing temperatures as described in Example 1. After the sample had reached 21° C. , it turned out that the emulsion was quite unsuitable for painting purposes.
Eksempel 4. Example 4.
200 g av den emulsjonspolymere i eksempel 3 ble blandet med 1,44 g natrium-N-kokos-beta-aminobutyrat og underkastet 200 g of the emulsion polymer in example 3 was mixed with 1.44 g of sodium N-coco-beta-aminobutyrate and subjected to
frysning og opptining som angitt i eksempel 3. Etter at disse vekslende operasjoner var freezing and thawing as indicated in example 3. After these alternating operations were
gjentatt fem ganger, var latexvaren ikke synlig forandret og kunne stadig anvendes til sitt formål. repeated five times, the latex product was not visibly changed and could still be used for its intended purpose.
Eksempel 5. Example 5.
Som i eksempel 2 med unntagelse av at der ble anvendt kalium-N-kokos-beta-aminobutyrat. Der ble oppnådd tilsvarende resultat. As in example 2 with the exception that potassium N-coco beta-aminobutyrate was used. A similar result was obtained.
Eksempel 6. Example 6.
200 deler emulsjons-kopolymer (handelskvalitet), inneholdende 40 pst. faste stoffer og med stort oppgitt acrylonitril-innhold med en gjennomsnitlig partikkel-størrelse av 0,05 mikron ble underkastet frysning og påfølgende opptining som beskrevet i eksempel 1. Etter at latexen hadde nådd 21° C, viste den seg å være uskikket til maleformål. 200 parts of emulsion copolymer (commercial grade), containing 40 percent solids and having a high stated acrylonitrile content with an average particle size of 0.05 microns was subjected to freezing and subsequent thawing as described in Example 1. After the latex had reached 21° C, it proved to be unsuitable for painting purposes.
Eksempel 7. Example 7.
200 deler av den samme latex som ble anvendt i eksempel 1, ble blandet med 2,40 deler kalium-N-kokos-beta-amino-butyrat. Prøven ble underkastet fem frysnings- og opptiningsoperasjoner som beskrevet i eksempel 2. Prøven var ikke synlig påvirket av denne behandling og var godt skikket til maleformål. 200 parts of the same latex used in Example 1 was mixed with 2.40 parts of potassium N-coco beta-amino-butyrate. The sample was subjected to five freezing and thawing operations as described in example 2. The sample was not visibly affected by this treatment and was well suited for painting purposes.
Eksempel S. Example S.
200 g kopolymer (handelskvalitet) inneholdende 52 pst. faste stoffer og angitt som acrylnitril-typen med en gjennomsnitlig partikkelstørrelse av 0,18 mikron, ble frosset og tint opp som beskrevet i eksempel 1 . Etter opptiningen viste det seg at viskositeten var øket, og materialet koagulerte, så det ikke lenger kunne brukes. 200 g of copolymer (commercial grade) containing 52 percent solids and designated as the acrylonitrile type with an average particle size of 0.18 microns was frozen and thawed as described in Example 1. After thawing, it turned out that the viscosity had increased, and the material coagulated, so that it could no longer be used.
Eksempel 9. Example 9.
200 deler emulsjons-kopolymer av samme type som i eksempel 8 ble blandet med 0,25 deler kalium-N-kokos-beta-amino-butyrat. Prøven ble underkastet fem på hinannen følgende frysnings- og opptiningsoperasjoner, som beskrevet i eksempel 2. Viskositeten ble målt og viste seg ikke å være forandret i nevneverdig grad, og latexen kunne anvendes til avsetning av et sammenhengende lag av den dispergerte fase. 200 parts of emulsion copolymer of the same type as in example 8 were mixed with 0.25 parts of potassium N-coco beta-amino-butyrate. The sample was subjected to five successive freezing and thawing operations, as described in example 2. The viscosity was measured and proved not to have changed to an appreciable extent, and the latex could be used to deposit a continuous layer of the dispersed phase.
Eksempel 10. Example 10.
En emulsjonsmaling som inneholdt latex som bindemiddel, ble kjøpt i det åpne market. Prosentinnholdet av tørt gummi-kullvannstoff var angitt på etiketten, hvor-for den samlede mengde gummikullvann-stoff som var tilstede til eksperimentet, ble antatt å være den angitte. Prøven ble delt i like store porsjoner. Til en av por-sjonene ble satt 1,5 vektsprosent natrium-N-kokos-beta-aminobutyrat basert på mengden av tørt gumikullvannstoff. Etter at prøven var underkastet en frysnings- og opptiningsoperasjon som beskrevet i. eksempel 1, viste det seg at den ubehandlede prøve ikke kunne anvendes som maling, mens den prøve som var behandlet ved tilsetning av natrium-N-kokos-beta-amino-butyrat, derimot kunne anvendes som malervare. An emulsion paint containing latex as a binder was bought on the open market. The percentage of dry gum-coal hydrogen was stated on the label, where, for the total amount of gum-coal hydrogen present for the experiment, was assumed to be that stated. The sample was divided into equal portions. To one of the portions was added 1.5% by weight of sodium N-coco beta-aminobutyrate based on the amount of dry gum charcoal hydrogen. After the sample had been subjected to a freezing and thawing operation as described in example 1, it turned out that the untreated sample could not be used as paint, while the sample that had been treated by adding sodium N-coco-beta-amino-butyrate , on the other hand, could be used as painting material.
Eksempel 11. Example 11.
Det følgende eksempel er en latexmaling som er forbedret ved tilsetning av natrium-N-kokos-beta-aminobutyrat. Denne latexmaling har vist seg å ha øket mot-standsevne overfor adskillige på hinannen følgende frysnings- og opptiningsoperasjoner som angitt i tabell I. The following example is a latex paint improved by the addition of sodium N-coco beta-aminobutyrate. This latex paint has been shown to have increased resistance to several successive freezing and thawing operations as indicated in Table I.
Fremstilling av soya- proteinoppløsning. Preparation of soy protein solution.
Totalmengde faste stoffer 18,58 % Total amount of solids 18.58%
Vannet ble omrørt, og der ble tilsatt natriumpentaklorfenat, sulfonert talg og soyaprotein under kontinuerlig omrøring og oppvarming til 90° C. Denne temperatur ble vedlikeholdt i 20 minutter, hvoretter der hurtig ble tilsatt natriumhydroksydoppløs-ning. Temperaturen på 91° C ble holdt i 30 minutter. Deretter ble der langsomt tilsatt borsyre, og temperaturen ble holdt på 91° C i 15 minutter til. Det vann som for-dampet under oppvarmingen, ble erstattet. The water was stirred, and sodium pentachlorophenate, sulphonated tallow and soy protein were added with continuous stirring and heating to 90° C. This temperature was maintained for 20 minutes, after which sodium hydroxide solution was quickly added. The temperature of 91°C was maintained for 30 minutes. Boric acid was then slowly added, and the temperature was kept at 91° C. for a further 15 minutes. The water that evaporated during the heating was replaced.
Eksempel på oljemodifisert basis. Example of an oil-modified base.
Bestanddelene 1—9 ble blandet grundig, bestanddelene 10—13 ble tilsatt, og den samlede mengde ble ført gjennom en kol-loidkvern av Eppenbach-typen. Components 1-9 were thoroughly mixed, components 10-13 were added, and the total was passed through an Eppenbach-type colloid mill.
Til det ovenstående ble der satt latex under omhyggelig omrøring, hvoretter føl-gende fremkom: To the above, latex was added under careful stirring, after which the following appeared:
To 450 grams prøver av ovennevnte malervare ble anbragt i halvliterbokser. Den ene prøve ble brukt til kontroll, og til den annen prøve ble der under omhyggelig omrøring satt 0,58 g natrium-N-kokos-beta-aminobutyrat. Viskositeten ble målt etter hver frysnings- og opptiningsoperasjon med et Brookfield viskosimeter. Two 450-gram samples of the above-mentioned painting material were placed in half-liter cans. One sample was used as a control, and 0.58 g of sodium N-coco-beta-aminobutyrate was added to the other sample under careful stirring. The viscosity was measured after each freezing and thawing operation with a Brookfield viscometer.
Kontrollmalingen ble mislykket ved tredje frysning, da emulsjonen ble fullstendig ødelagt, idet den ble kornet og koagulerte. Den prøve som inneholdt natrium-N-kokos-beta-amino-butyrat, var stadig egnet til malerformål. The control paint failed at the third freeze when the emulsion was completely destroyed, becoming grainy and coagulated. The sample containing sodium N-coco beta-amino-butyrate was still suitable for painting purposes.
Eksempel 12. Example 12.
På oljefri basis. On an oil-free basis.
De ovennevnte bestanddeler ble grundig blandet og ført gjennom en kolloid - kvern av Eppenbach-typen. The above ingredients were thoroughly mixed and passed through an Eppenbach type colloid mill.
Deretter ble der tilsatt en latex av handelskvalitet hvoretter følgende maling fremkom: A latex of commercial quality was then added, after which the following paint appeared:
Tre prøver av den ovennevnte maling ble anbragt i halvliterbokser. Der ble anvendt en prøve som eksempel, og til den annen prøve ble der under omhyggelig om-røring satt 1,6 pst. (av tørt gummikull-vannstoff) natrium-N-kokos-beta-amino-butyrat. Den tredje prøve ble blandet med 1,3 pst. (basert på tørt gummikullvann-stoff) av et salt av N-kokos-beta-amino-butyronsyre og N-bis(2-hydroksyetyl)-soya-amin. Prøvene ble underkastet fire frysnings- og opptiningsoperasjoner (fra 23° C til + 21° C) og viskositeten målt etter hver operasjon. Der ble anvendt et Brookfield-viskosimeter til måling av vis-kositetene i centipoises. Three samples of the above paint were placed in pint cans. One sample was used as an example, and 1.6 per cent (of dry gum carbon hydrogen) sodium N-coco-beta-amino-butyrate was added to the second sample with careful stirring. The third sample was mixed with 1.3% (based on dry rubber coal water substance) of a salt of N-coco-beta-amino-butyric acid and N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-soyamine. The samples were subjected to four freezing and thawing operations (from 23° C to + 21° C) and the viscosity measured after each operation. A Brookfield viscometer was used to measure the viscosities in centipoises.
Det ovennevnte skjema viser at kontrollmalingen allerede etter første frys-ningsoperasjon koagulerte fullstendig og The above-mentioned form shows that the control paint already coagulated completely after the first freezing operation and
ikke lenger var egnet til å anvendes for was no longer suitable to be used for
malervarer. De malervarer som inneholdt painting supplies. The paintings that contained
additiver var stadig egnet til formålet etter additives were still fit for purpose after
fire operasjoner. four operations.
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| WO2011013008A2 (en) | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Foamix Ltd. | Non surface active agent non polymeric agent hydro-alcoholic foamable compositions, breakable foams and their uses |
| US9849142B2 (en) | 2009-10-02 | 2017-12-26 | Foamix Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | Methods for accelerated return of skin integrity and for the treatment of impetigo |
| WO2011064631A1 (en) | 2009-10-02 | 2011-06-03 | Foamix Ltd. | Surfactant-free, water-free, foamable compositions and breakable foams and their uses |
| MX377365B (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2025-03-10 | Journey Medical Corp | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING ROSACEA AND ACNE. |
-
1967
- 1967-01-05 BE BE692228D patent/BE692228A/xx unknown
- 1967-01-07 DE DE1967R0045002 patent/DE1667237B2/en active Granted
- 1967-01-09 DK DK11267AA patent/DK119992B/en unknown
- 1967-01-09 NO NO00166310A patent/NO127624B/no unknown
- 1967-01-09 GB GB0202/67A patent/GB1170152A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-01-10 SE SE00311/67A patent/SE347155B/xx unknown
- 1967-01-10 NL NL676700356A patent/NL152167B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE347155B (en) | 1972-07-31 |
| DK119992B (en) | 1971-03-22 |
| NL152167B (en) | 1977-02-15 |
| BE692228A (en) | 1967-07-05 |
| GB1170152A (en) | 1969-11-12 |
| DE1667237B2 (en) | 1976-04-29 |
| NL6700356A (en) | 1967-07-11 |
| DE1667237A1 (en) | 1971-06-09 |
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