NO126939B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO126939B NO126939B NO226368A NO226368A NO126939B NO 126939 B NO126939 B NO 126939B NO 226368 A NO226368 A NO 226368A NO 226368 A NO226368 A NO 226368A NO 126939 B NO126939 B NO 126939B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- alginate
- nutrients
- water
- fish
- nozzle
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 Na-alginate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010410 calcium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000648 calcium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002681 calcium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L calcium;(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxy-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxylato-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O2)C([O-])=O)O)[C@H](C(O)=O)O1 OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003026 cod liver oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012716 cod liver oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002816 gill Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019514 herring Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J31/00—Apparatus for making beverages
- A47J31/04—Coffee-making apparatus with rising pipes
- A47J31/057—Coffee-making apparatus with rising pipes with water container separated from beverage container, the hot water passing the filter only once i.e. classical type of drip coffee makers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av for til oppdrett av ørret og annen fisk. Method for the production of lining for the farming of trout and other fish.
I de senere år har det vist seg å by på In recent years, it has been shown to offer
store økonomiske fordeler å oppdrette ør-ret med regelmessig foring av denne. Fremgangsmåten består i at såvel ørretyngelen big economic benefits to rearing trout with regular feeding of this. The procedure consists in both the trout gills
som større ørret for den alt overveiende as bigger trout for the all-predominant
del fores med spesialfor inntil fisken har part is lined with special feed until the fish have
nådd den for de forskjellige formål ønskede reached it for the various purposes desired
størrelse. size.
Allerede når ørretyngelen begynner å Already when the trout spawning begins
ta til seg næring, er det viktig at den får take in nourishment, it is important that it gets
tilført denne i rikelige mengder. added to this in copious amounts.
For at fisken skal vokse hurtig, er det In order for the fish to grow quickly, it is
likeledes ønskelig at foret serveres på en it is also desirable that the feed is served on one
sådan måte at ørretens rovfiskeinstinkt ut-nyttes mest mulig. in such a way that the trout's predatory fishing instinct is exploited as much as possible.
Vanlige typer er: Innmat av slakt, blod, innmat av fisk, Common types are: Meat offal, blood, fish offal,
fiskeavfall, fiskemel, sildemel, mel av forskjellige kornsorter og mais, tang og tare-mel, vitaminer og salter. fish waste, fishmeal, herring meal, flour of various cereals and maize, seaweed and kelp meal, vitamins and salts.
Slike typer får skal utrøres til en grøt-aktig masse før næringsmidlet tilføres Such types of sheep must be stirred into a porridge-like mass before the nutrient is added
fisken. the fish.
Når en slik ferdigblandet forblanding When such a premixed premix
kommer ned i vannet, er den imidlertid comes down into the water, it is, however
altfor løsbar, og vesentlige mengder av foret too loose, and significant amounts of lining
blir så finfordelt i vannet at fisken kun is so finely distributed in the water that the fish only
nyttegjør seg en del av det tilførte forstoff. utilizes part of the added precursor material.
Den resterende del av det ferdiglagede f&r The remaining part of the ready-made f&r
vil synke til bunnen og gå tapt. will sink to the bottom and be lost.
Forrester som på denne måte blir liggende på bunnen av dam eller kum, vil Forrester which in this way remains at the bottom of a pond or sump, will
råtne og forurense vannet slik at såvel yn-gel som fisk lett kan påføres sykdommer. rot and pollute the water so that both fry and fish can easily contract diseases.
Videre har det vist seg ønskelig å gi Furthermore, it has proved desirable to give
fisken vannløselige stoffer, hvilket imidlertid byr på den vanskelighet at når disse the fish water-soluble substances, which, however, presents the difficulty of reaching these
spredes på foringsplassen, vil de øyeblikkelig løses i vannet og da gå tapt. spread on the lining site, they will immediately dissolve in the water and then be lost.
Det er nærværende oppfinnelses formål å fremskaffe et for, som for det første lar seg utnytte rasjonelt, slik at de foran-nevnte tap og de dermed forbundne utgif-ter og ulemper unngås, og videre fremlegge foret i en slik form, at det virker mest mulig tiltrekkende på fisken og videre har stor næringsverdi. Det er således f. eks. kjent at fisken har en stor forkjærlighet for mark som f. eks. meitemark. Et trekk ved oppfinnelsen består således i at forstoffet til-føres i form av en streng eller strenger som ikke løses i vann. Dette oppnås f. eks. ved at det ferdigblandede for er tilsatt slike komponenter at når foret røres ut i vann, vil det etter en viss tid stivne til en geléliknende masse, som gjennom en dyse direkte kan sprøytes ned i kummen og slik at en streng av større eller mindre lengde oppstår. Massen vil lett kunne la seg farve med egnede farver, slik at tilnærmet na-turtro mark, f. eks. meitemark, kan imite-res. De deler av forstoffet som fisken p. g. a. f. eks. for hurtig foring eller overdosert It is the purpose of the present invention to provide a lining which, firstly, can be used rationally, so that the above-mentioned losses and the associated costs and disadvantages are avoided, and furthermore to present the lining in such a form that it works most possible attractant to the fish and furthermore has great nutritional value. It is thus e.g. known that the fish has a great fondness for ground such as e.g. earthworm field. A feature of the invention thus consists in the precursor being supplied in the form of a strand or strands which do not dissolve in water. This is achieved e.g. in that the pre-mixed lining has added such components that when the lining is stirred into water, after a certain time it will solidify into a jelly-like mass, which can be sprayed directly into the basin through a nozzle and so that a string of greater or lesser length is created . The mass will easily be able to be colored with suitable colours, so that an almost natural-looking ground, e.g. earthworm, can be imitated. The parts of the precursor that the fish for example too fast feeding or overdosed
foring ikke nyttiggjør seg og som derfor lining does not make use of itself and which therefore
synker til bunnen av karet og blir liggende der, vil ifølge oppfinnelsen ligge innkapslet og gi følgende tre fordeler: sinks to the bottom of the vessel and remains there, according to the invention will be encapsulated and provide the following three advantages:
1) Sikre den mest mulige økonomiske ut-nyttelse av foret. 2) Hindre forstoffblandingen å flyte ut-over i vannet og gi en akselerert forråt-nelsesprosess. 3) Lette rengjøringen av dam og/eller kar (kummen). 1) Ensure the greatest possible economic exploitation of the forest. 2) Prevent the precursor mixture from flowing out into the water and causing an accelerated decomposition process. 3) Facilitate the cleaning of ponds and/or tubs (basins).
En foretrukken utførelsesform for me-toden etter oppfinnelsen består i at de forskjellige komponenter av forstoffet blandes sammen, røres ut i vann og • tilsettesi .^at vannløselig alginat, f. eks. Na-alginat, sammen med tilstrekkelige mengder av et kalsiumsalt og retarderingsmidler, f. eks. Ca-heksa-metafosfat, slik at en geléliknende sammenhengende masse dannes i løpet av en rimelig tid. A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention consists in the different components of the precursor being mixed together, stirred in water and water-soluble alginate, e.g. Na-alginate, together with sufficient amounts of a calcium salt and retarding agents, e.g. Ca-hexa-metaphosphate, so that a gel-like cohesive mass is formed within a reasonable time.
Det er også mulig å fremstille en kun-stig meitemark ved å tilsette natrium-alginat som fortykningsmiddel til ffirstof-fet uten kalsiumsalt. Den ferdige utrørin-gen sprøytes igjennom en dyse — først ned i et bad av kalsiumklorid som da reagerer med alginat og danner en meitemarkliknende streng som umiddelbart kan tilføres fisken. It is also possible to produce an artificial earthworm by adding sodium alginate as a thickener to the primary fat without calcium salt. The finished mixture is sprayed through a nozzle - first into a bath of calcium chloride, which then reacts with alginate and forms an earthworm-like string that can be immediately fed to the fish.
En annen variant av fremgangsmåten består i at den kunstige meitemark frem-stilles slik at den består av en bløt kjerne bestående av de forskjellige komponenter av næringsstoffer med eller uten fortykningsmiddel tilsatt som gis en hud bestående av kalsiumalginatfilm. Fremgangsmåten består i at den vandige suspensjon av forstoffer presses gjennom en dyse for-synt med en ytre dyse hvorigjennom na-triumalginatløsning tilføres. Den dannede meitemark føres så først ned i kalsium-kloridløsningen som øyeblikkelig vil koagu-lere natriumalginatet, før den kunstige meitemark tilføres fisken. Another variant of the method consists in the artificial earthworm being produced so that it consists of a soft core consisting of the various components of nutrients with or without thickening agent added, which is given a skin consisting of a calcium alginate film. The method consists in the aqueous suspension of precursors being pressed through a nozzle provided with an outer nozzle through which sodium alginate solution is supplied. The formed earthworm is then first lowered into the calcium chloride solution, which will immediately coagulate the sodium alginate, before the artificial earthworm is fed to the fish.
Også ved denne fremgangsmåte får en forstoffet innkapslet slik at ett sammenhengende og meitemarkliknende for dannes. Also with this method, the precursor material is encapsulated so that a continuous and earthworm-like structure is formed.
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
Forblanding bestående av: Premix consisting of:
1 del av denne blanding røres ut i f. eks. 5. deler vann. Etter et par minutter kan denne presses ut gjennom en dyse f. eks. en •pmnpjei.påmontert et munnstykke eller en annen liknende form for sprøyte. j Sflivnetideh <r>kan rguleres innen grenser -meft-Varierende mengde av alginat og tungt aøsélige kalsiurrisalter. som kalsiumlaktat, jtalsfcumciirat, kalsiumsulfat, samt endring 1 part of this mixture is stirred into e.g. 5. shares water. After a couple of minutes, this can be squeezed out through a nozzle, e.g. a •pmnpjei.fitted with a nozzle or other similar form of syringe. j Sflivnetideh <r>can be regulated within limits -meft-Variable amount of alginate and hard-to-see calcium salts. as calcium lactate, jtalsfcumciirat, calcium sulfate, as well as change
av mengden av fosfat som pyrofosfat, orto-fosfat og heksametafosfat. of the amount of phosphate as pyrophosphate, ortho-phosphate and hexametaphosphate.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
Dette sprøytes ned i en kalsiumklorid-oppløsning ned gjennom en dyse med pas-sende dimensjoner. This is sprayed into a calcium chloride solution through a nozzle with suitable dimensions.
Eksempel 3. Example 3.
Det benyttes samme blanding som oven-for: The same mixture as above is used:
Denne oppløsning presses så gjennom en dobbeltvegget dyse. I den ytre vegg presses samtidig inn en viskos natrium-alginatløsning 3—5 pst. Denne blanding går umiddelbart inn i et kalsiumklorid-bad med kalsiumkloridkonsentrasjon 10— 15 pst. Derpå passerer den dannede tarm et vaskebad hvor overskudd av kalsiumklorid vaskes av. Dimensjonene av den dannete meitemark kan varieres etter ønske fra 0.5-2 mm diam. opp til 10 mm diam. ved å variere åpningens størrelse. Den dannede mark kan tilføres fisken med en gang, men muligheten er også tilstede for at en kan vente en rimelig tid med å til-føre meitemarken f. eks. fra den ene dag til den andre hvis dette er ønskelig. This solution is then forced through a double-walled nozzle. At the same time, a viscous sodium alginate solution 3-5 per cent is pressed into the outer wall. This mixture immediately enters a calcium chloride bath with a calcium chloride concentration of 10-15 per cent. The formed intestine then passes through a washing bath where excess calcium chloride is washed off. The dimensions of the formed earthworm can be varied as desired from 0.5-2 mm diam. up to 10 mm diam. by varying the size of the opening. The formed soil can be added to the fish straight away, but there is also the possibility that one can wait a reasonable time before adding the earthworm, e.g. from one day to the next if this is desired.
Det er også mulig etter oppfinnelsen å dypfryse den ferdige forblanding i gelati-nert form, og oppbevare og/eller trans-portere denne i dypfrossen stand. Før bruk opptines denne gelatiniserte pasta og kan umiddelbart sprøytes ut på tidligere be-skrevne måte. It is also possible according to the invention to deep-freeze the finished premix in gelatinized form, and store and/or transport this in a deep-frozen state. Before use, this gelatinized paste is thickened and can be immediately sprayed out in the previously described manner.
Mulighetene består også å lage meit-markstrengen ut av ferskt materiale som fisk, innmat og blod, samt ved hjelp av alginatets emulgerende evne å tilsette tran til de ferdig utrørte forskjellige forblan-dinger og derved sikre fisken en sikrings-kost som gjennom lengre tider er anvendt The possibilities also consist of making the meitmark string out of fresh material such as fish, offal and blood, as well as using alginate's emulsifying ability to add cod liver oil to the ready-stirred different mixtures and thereby ensure the fish a safety diet that over a long period of time is used
på mennesker og dyr. Eventuelt vil det on humans and animals. Possibly it will
også være mulig på grunn av alginattilsat-sen å piske inn luftblærer som gjør foret also be possible due to the alginate addition to whip in air bubbles that make the lining
flytende, hvis dette skulle være ønsket. liquid, if this is desired.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US65181367A | 1967-07-07 | 1967-07-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO126939B true NO126939B (en) | 1973-04-16 |
Family
ID=24614326
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO226368A NO126939B (en) | 1967-07-07 | 1968-06-10 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE714823A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH466900A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1779112A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES355823A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1567762A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1227194A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6808898A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO126939B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA3053423C (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2021-04-27 | 2266170 Ontario Inc. | Beverage preparation and infusion system |
-
1968
- 1968-05-07 CH CH676168A patent/CH466900A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-05-08 BE BE714823D patent/BE714823A/xx unknown
- 1968-06-05 GB GB1227194D patent/GB1227194A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-06-06 FR FR1567762D patent/FR1567762A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-06-10 NO NO226368A patent/NO126939B/no unknown
- 1968-06-25 NL NL6808898A patent/NL6808898A/xx unknown
- 1968-07-06 ES ES355823A patent/ES355823A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-07-08 DE DE19681779112 patent/DE1779112A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1567762A (en) | 1969-05-16 |
| BE714823A (en) | 1968-09-30 |
| GB1227194A (en) | 1971-04-07 |
| ES355823A1 (en) | 1970-01-01 |
| DE1779112A1 (en) | 1971-08-19 |
| CH466900A (en) | 1968-12-31 |
| NL6808898A (en) | 1969-01-09 |
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