NL8302398A - COMBINED MACHINE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOOR ELEMENTS AND BRICK AND CONCRETE LATATES. - Google Patents

Description

I ^ f

Combined machine for the manufacture of floor elements and lintels of brick and concrete.

The invention relates to a machine for the production of floor elements and lintels of brick and concrete.

Floor elements made of brick and concrete are known. They consist of a plurality of floor bricks, which are arranged in two or more adjacent rows and delimit one or more longitudinal channels, into which concrete is poured after the required reinforcement has been applied.

Brick and concrete lintels are also known.

These consist of a plurality of correctly positioned, cross-sectional U-shaped lintels, which form a longitudinal channel, into which concrete is poured after the required reinforcement has been applied.

Both the floor element manufacturing machines and the lintel manufacturing machines have a station for splitting 20 packages of floor bricks or lintels and a fabrication bench on which the respective bricks are arranged in rows, then reinforced. / 2 8302398 -2- and then filled with concrete, and subsequently vibrated. It is known in this respect that the correctly positioned bricks are filled with the aid of a concrete metering device, which can be moved along the production bench and has a plurality of distribution chutes. The manufacturing bench can be vertically movable, and such that each time the concrete metering device passes, it drops by a certain distance corresponding to the thickness of the stone, and it adjusts itself to a new layer of stones on repeated working cycle t, which layer the correctly formed element is put. Although the working phases for the manufacture of the floor elements are essentially the same as those for the manufacture of the lintels, the two machine types are different in structure and are not interchangeable in use.

The object of the invention is to provide a machine of the type stated in the preamble, wherein the switchover from one product to another (floor elements or lintels) is guaranteed extremely simply and quickly. At the same time, the machine must in both cases be capable of automating the different work phases with a smaller workforce, as well as reducing the time lost between one work phase and the other.

In accordance with the invention, this is solved by the combination of the following features: a) a loading (D = Beschickungs ~) and splitting station 30 (D = Zulegestation) for packages of slate stones (D =. Sturzziegeln) and floor stones (D = Deckenziegeln); b) a set-up bench (D = Bereitstellungsbank) with several longitudinal belts, the width of which is essentially a multiple of the width of the lintels 35 and which are provided at least in part with ... ............. .. __ ___________ ./3 ·· = “830 2 3 98

4 I

-3- displacing devices for influencing the mutual distance; c) a package pliers (D = Mehrfachzange) with jaws (D = Backen) for lateral gripping of the correctly positioned floor stones and their transport Vein the drafting bench to the manufacturing bench (D = Fertigungsbank); d) a manufacturing bench with a vertical lifting platform (D = Grube), lifting platform, with a loading disc, which is easily removable on the lifting platform and which consists of a plurality of channels (D = Corridors), which correspond substantially in number and width to the longitudinal belts of the stabling bench, and to a plurality of longitudinal partition walls, which are movably mounted on the lifting platform and are oriented vertically thereto in the openings bounded by the adjacent channels of the loading disc and, re) a metering device which is slidable along the production bench 20 and is provided with pouring pipes for distributing concrete in the underlying slate stones, respectively. floor stones.

An embodiment of the invention has a loading and splitting station, which is provided with a conveyor belt, on which the parcels of floor bricks arrive and a conveyor belt on which the individual floor bricks are discharged, and a pair of pliers which are placed between a removal position above a conveyor belt a unloading position is movable above the other conveyor belt.

In accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the loading and splitting station has a conveyor belt for the packages of lintels and a pair of pliers, which is movable between the take-off position above the conveyor belt and an unloading position above the stabling bench.

./4 8302398

φ V.

-4-> * Ιη a further elaboration of the invention, a pushing element (D = Querstössel), for the lateral displacement of the associated conveyor belt, 5 is arranged on the relevant side of the stabling bench. For efficiency, the set-up bench has three longitudinal belts, the center longitudinal belt of which is fixed, while the outer longitudinal belts are transversely displaceable relative to the middle belt.

A feed preferred embodiment of the machine according to the invention is characterized in that the packet pliers have a plurality of cymbal pairs, the corresponding jaws of each pair being connected with separate rods which can be driven in opposite directions.

Further preferred embodiments of the machine according to the invention are apparent from the features of subclaims 7 to 15.

The invention is explained in more detail by means of an exemplary embodiment. Thereby shows:

Pig. 1. a top view of the whole of the machine according to the invention;

Pig. 2. a cross-section over the stabling bench according to fig. 1; FIG. 3. a perspective view of the loading disc of fig. 1, partly in section and arranged for the manufacture of floor elements;

Fig. 4. a perspective view of part of the fabrication bench of FIG. 1 for the manufacture of lintels; ./5% -5- j »·

Fig. 5. a schematic cross section of a pair of pliers for removing the stack of already hardened lintels;

Fig. 6-9.

5 four successive working phases of the machine for the production of floor elements and

Fig. 10-15 six successive operating phases of the machine for manufacturing lintels.

The machine according to the invention essentially consists of a loading and splitting station 1, an erecting bench 2, a package pliers 3 and a vertically movable manufacturing bench 4. The loading and splitting station 1 has a pliers 5, which can be moved between a removal position above the conveyor belt 6 for the packages of lintels 7 and an unloading position above the stabling bench 2.

The loading and bifurcation station 1 has a pair of pliers 8, which transports between the individual floor bricks 11, which are uniformly brought into correct position, between the removal position above the conveyor belt 9 for the parcels of floor bricks 10 and an unloading position above another conveyor belt 11, for the parcel bench 2. , can be moved. The set-up bench 2 essentially consists of three longitudinal belts 12, 12 ', the middle belt of which is fixed, while the outer longitudinal belts 12' are movable laterally by means of a pneumatic displacement device 13.

The package pliers 3 consists of pairs of jaws 14, 14 ', which 50 have two rods at the lower end as balancing elements. The jaws 14 (left) are fixed at the top to a single rod 15, while the jaws 14 '(right) are attached to another rod 15', which are parallel to the rod 15 runs, but can be moved in the opposite direction thereof. While the outer jaws 14, 14 '5 are rigidly connected to the corresponding rods 15, 15', the inner jaws 14, 14 'can be released by controlling the corresponding rods. The actuators of the rods 15, 15 'may be pneumatic devices known per se, which are not shown in order to keep the drawing simple.

The package tongs 3 can be moved between a removal position above the set-up bench 2 and a unloading position above the manufacturing bench 4. Since the package pliers 3 must be able to reach every point 15 of the manufacturing bench 4, the package pliers 3 are mounted on a carriage.

The production bench 4 generally comprises as many channels 16 as the set-up bench 2 has longitudinal belts 12, 12 ', ie in the present exemplary embodiment three channels 16. The channels 16 are connected to each other by intermediate cross members 17 and end cross members 18, which are simultaneously distance parallel to each other.

The channels 16 with the cross members 17 and 18 form the loading disc 19 on which the floor elements and the lintels 25 are manufactured. The loading disc 19 is an interchangeable unit and rests on a lifting platform 20. The lifting platform 20 is disposed within a well 21 and provided with ribs 28, which guides the lifting platform 20 within its vertical movement 21.

In the fabrication bench 4, longitudinal partition walls 29 are arranged between the adjacent channels 16 (D = Corridors), which can be moved vertically to the channels themselves between a lower position, in which they are positioned below. the plane of said channels 16 and through a plate 30, e.g. of wood, may be covered in an uppermost position, protruding so far from the plane of the channels 16 that 5 corresponds to the greatest number of layers of lintels to be formed.

In order to obtain the vertical movement of the longitudinal partition walls 29, these are provided with a toothed rod, which is mounted on a holder element 23 and which is coupled to gear wheels 24. The tooth-10 wheels 24 are fitted with shafts 25 by one or more electric motors 26 powered. The rollers 27 guide the longitudinal partition walls 29 vertically to the loading disc 19 and give them a little play in the transverse direction. In addition, the tops of the longitudinal partition walls 29 are slightly beveled.

When the machine for manufacturing floor elements is used, a plurality of inverted U-shaped metal profiles 31 are arranged which lie transversely to the channels 16 and form the bearing surface for the floor elements with the horizontal top surface.

A metering device 32 for concrete is located above the production bench 4. This essentially consists of a holder, which is mounted on a carriage and which is movable along the production bench 4, and a number of distribution chutes (D = Verteilerstutzen) 33,33 ', which are transversely adjustable and the jet of concrete separately and / or can be adjusted together.

In order to pick up the stack of floor elements or lattices for complete drying of the concrete, transverse openings 34 are provided in the channels 16, into which the forks 35 of a forklift truck 36 can be inserted, so that the forklift truck has the entire loading disc 19 ./8 8302398 -8- ft <with the stacks of still unpaved products. Also for it. picking up the hardened floor elaents and the same forklift truck can be used to free the loading disc 19. For picking up hardened lintels, a gripper 38 (fig. 5) is provided, of which the. arms 39 can laterally grasp the stack of lintels.

In the following, the operation of the floor element making machine is described separately from that of the lintel making machine.

For the manufacture of floor elements it is necessary first of all to lower the longitudinal partition walls 29 to the extreme position, to close the gaps between the channels 16 by means of the plates 30, to lay the 15 U-shaped metal profiles 31 on the channels. number of necessary pouring pipes 33 and adjusting the transverse arrangement of the pouring pipes. Then the manufacturing bench 4 is brought to the extreme top position and the pliers 8 are then actuated. This 20 takes the floor bricks 10 from the conveyor belt 9, and places them one after the other on the conveyor belt 11, which moves the floor bricks in the desired number and location relative to each other and deposits them on the side of the positioning bench 2. For example, if one wishes to simultaneously produce three correctly positioned floor elements in three rows of five floor stones each, then three correctly placed and separated rows of five floor stones each are placed side by side on the stabling bench. There, the pushing element 37 ensures that the rows of floor stones are transported over the stabling bench 2. . The same is repeated two more times, as a result of which there are 2 floor bricks on the stabling bench in number and arrangement matching the three floor elements to be manufactured. In the meantime, a worker in the vicinity of ./9 8302398 -9- scaffolding bench 2 has ensured that the reinforcement is placed between the floor stones placed in the correct position. Then the pliers 3 are switched on, which, on the basis of the shape and longitudinal grooves of the floor-5 stones, with the cymbal pairs 14,14 ', grasp at the side, lift them and place them on the manufacturing bench 4 with a jig, where a worker ensures that a closing piece known per se is fitted to each floor element in accordance with the ends of the longitudinal grooves, which must be filled with concrete. At the end of this working phase, the concrete metering device 32 is activated, which runs along the fabrication bench 4 and in the longitudinal grooves and over the outer wings of the floor stones brought into the correct position, the concrete through the pouring pipes 33 pour. During the transition from one floor element to another, the worker interrupts the jet of concrete. Again and again after the concrete has been poured, it is vibrated with a probe (D = probe), which is mounted on the dosing device directly behind the pouring pipes.

Then the manufacturing bench 4 is lowered at once over a certain distance, which is equal to the height of the floor element just formed. A foil is then deposited on this floor element as a partition, e.g. 25 made of polystyrene. On the new loading surface obtained in this way, new floor bricks 10 can be applied, which take the package tongs 3 off the positioning bench 2, where they have been prepared in the meantime.

These working phases are repeated several times, and so long until the desired number of floor elements have been made on the metal profiles 31. Then the working phases are stopped, the channels 16 are raised again and with the forklift 36 the loading-35 disc with the piles of floor elements on it is taken off and transported to the storage place, so that the machine is free for re-recording the cycle with a new loading disc 19, which has meanwhile been placed on the lifting platform 20.

When the floor elements have hardened sufficiently, they can be removed from the loading disc 19 with the same fork 35, which is preferably inserted under the U-shaped profile 31, so that the loading disc 19 in the vicinity of the production bench 4 can be used again for reuse. 10 is available.

For the manufacture of lintels, the machine must be set up for the other application, which is quick and simple, because the U-shaped metal profiles 31 as well as the wooden plates 30 are removed and the number and location of the chutes 33 ' be set. Subsequently, the stacks of lintels 7 are guided in the vicinity of the tang 5 by means of the conveyor belt 6. This takes up the lintels 7 layer by layer and preferably places them 20 in the correct position on the stabling bench 2.

Due to the greatest possible use of the drafting bench 2 and the manufacturing bench 4, also in the manufacture of lintels of limited length, on the drafting bench 2 rows of lintels with a multiple of the length of each individual lintel can be formed and the different lintels are formed by separating elements are separated from each other. After these separating elements have been applied, a signal is given, as a result of which the longitudinal bands 12 'move away from the longitudinal band 12, so that between the three "groups" of three rows of lintels each, the jaws 14, 14', of the package pliers 3 can be engage.

The package gripper 3 places the lintels 7 on the fabrication bench 4 and then the jaws 14, 14 ', except for the outer 35, are released by the corresponding rods 15, 15' ./11 8302398 -11- * such that the decelerated drive of the rods causes the groups of arranged slate bricks to be pressed against the meanwhile pushed-up longitudinal partition walls 29 and thus to be oriented. Reinforcements with corresponding spacers are now being installed in the pointed lintels, and concrete is then poured over the whole, and in the same way as described above for the floor elements, albeit with the exception of the different placements of the pouring pipes 33 'and of the beams of concrete released by these. After pouring and vibrating the concrete, the working phases follow in the manner described above with the lowering of the lifting platform 15 20 in one go, with the formation of a new layer of lintels 7 on the previous lintels, with lifting in one go of the longitudinal partition walls 29, etc.

After manufacturing the stack of lintels to the desired height, the fabrication bench 4 is raised again, the longitudinal partition walls 29 are returned, and the stacks are lifted with the loading disc 19 beneath them with the aid of the forklift 36, which they then move to the warehouse.

When the concrete of the lintels has hardened, the lintels can be taken by means of the grippers 38 of the loading disc, the arms 39 of which can engage between the individual stacks in the cavities left by the longitudinal partition walls 29.

It should be noted that the ratio between the width 30 of the floor bricks 10 and the lintel 7 does not limit the use of the machine according to the invention, although it has been incorporated that the individual components of the machine are adjusted to take into account With the 8302 398 - / 12 -12- nuns that usually exist in the individual countries for the size of the floor bricks and the lintels / so that the application possibilities for each individual machine do not vary.

5 Furthermore, it should be noted that, according to the exemplary embodiment, in the machine, the greatest width of the floor elements which you can reach is limited to three times the width of the lintel 10 and the edge corresponds to the greatest width required in practice. which is also required for the transport of product and material. Yet it is within the scope of the invention to design a machine with which floor elements with a width of four or more lintels can be manufactured. In any case, it is possible with the machine according to the invention to manufacture floor elements with a width smaller than the largest, if only the machine itself is pre-prepared. part used.

Although the invention has been described with only one exemplary embodiment, the variations of the% solution of the invention according to the invention within the reach of the skilled person, which follow from this arrangement, are within the scope of the claimed machine.

8302398 ./13

Claims (14)

2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading and bifurcation station (1) has a conveyor belt (9), on which the individual floor bricks are discharged, and a pair of pliers (8), which are placed between a pick-up station above a conveyor belt. (9) and a unloading position is movable above the other conveyor belt (11). Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading and splitting station (1) has a conveyor belt (6) for the packages of lintels (7) and a pair of pliers (5), which are between a pick-up position above the conveyor belt (6). ) and an unloading position is movable above the set-up bench (2). Machine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that pushing elements (37) are arranged on the respective side of the stabling bench (2) for laterally loading the floor bricks (10) coming from the conveyor belt (11). . ./15 8302398 -15- Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stabling bench (2) has three longitudinal belts (12, 12 '), the middle longitudinal belt (12) of which is fixed, while longitudinal belts (12') are transverse along the sides. are movable relative to the middle tire. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the package pliers (3) have a plurality of pairs of jaws (14, 14 '), the corresponding jaws 10 of each pair being connected by separate rods (15, 15') , and which can be driven in the opposite sense. Machine according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the jaws (14, 14 ') of the packet pliers (3) are optionally with the exception of the correspondingly arranged on the lateral edges of the positioning bench (2) jaws are detachably mounted on the associated drive rods (15, 15 '). 8. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal partition walls (29) of the manufacturing bench (4) are provided with toothed rods (22) which are connected to gears (24) driven by motors (26). Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of profiles (31), which have the shape of an inverted U in cross section, and which lie transversely of the loading disc (19), whereby they form the loading surface for the floor bricks (10) for the manufacture of floor elements. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels (16) of the loading disc (19) have through transverse openings (34) "into which the forks (35) of a forklift truck (36) can be inserted. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of plates (30) for closing the openings between the channels (16) are arranged in the broken-in position of the longitudinal partition walls (29). 12. Machine according to claims 1 and 8, characterized in that the longitudinal partition walls (29) have chamfered tops. t Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal partition walls (29) are mounted on bearings which can move freely in the transverse direction. 20 Machine according to claims 1 and 13, characterized in that rollers (27) serve as guidance of the longitudinal partition walls (29) during their transverse movement to the lifting platform (20), the rollers extending the transverse movement of the longitudinal partition 2. ζ Ensure the walls (29). Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributor pouring pipes (33, 33 *) of the dosing device (32) are adjustable in their transverse arrangement and the resulting jets of concrete can be stopped separately or simultaneously. put. 8302398